LANTANA CAMERA ASSOCIATED HEPATIC AND RENAL TOXICITY IN BULLOCKS A CASE REPORT DR. B. ANIL KUMAR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE KORUTLA-505 326 KARIMNAGAR DISTRICT, TELANGANA.
Overview Lantana was introduced in India in 1807 as ornamental herb. Species effected: cattle, sheep, goat, horses, pigs, wild animals, rabbit, guinea pigs 1 st poisoning reported in Australia (Townville) in 1910 1 st Incidences of Poisoning in buffalo (Kangravalley, H.P.), sheep, goats (Rampur bushier) Toxic principle: Lantadine A,B,C,D (Triterpanoid) effect bile canaliculi Known to cause Hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicityand photosensitization.
Toxicodynamics Ingestion of plant Absorption from rumen and S I Liver Metabolism Secretion of metabolates in to bile Injury to bile canalicular membrane Cholestasis, hepatitis Retention of bilirubin, phylloerythrin and ruminal stasis Jaundice Photosensitization ph alkaline (NH 4 &N 2 ) Renal damage
Symptoms Anorexia Ruminalmotility ceases up after 6hr and atonyseen after 24 hrs Complete constipation/impaction Rumination ceased Dehydration Icterus after 2-4 days Skin changes due photosensitization Death due to hepatic and renal failure
Diagnosis History Clinical sign Laboratory test: Liver: ALT, AST, ALP, GGT & Bilirubin kidney: BUN & Creatinine, HPLC: Diagnosis of lantadinein the ruminalcontent, peaks on chromatogram 2.43 min and 7.01 min (NarendraVyas, and AmeetaArgal, 2014 ) Thin layer chromatography
PARTICULARS OF OWNER & ANIMAL Case No. 69 & 70 Date: 11-07-2014 Owner Particulars: S. Ravi, Chaulamaddi Villaga, Korutla Mandal Karimnagar district, Telangana. Animal Particulars: Species : Bovine Breed : ND Sex : Male (Bullock) Age : 10 years Colour : White
History Two Bullock were brought to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Korutla with the history of anorexia and voidingscantyfaecessince3days. Owner has reported that 4 days back, unknowingly two bulls had entered thenearbyvillageandwerethereforoneentireday. Next day owner found them grazing on lantana plants. From that day onwards they were not taking feed and voiding scanty faeces. Owner has taken them to near by Veterinary hospital for 2 days but there was no improvement. There treated with rumentorics and B-complex injections.
CLINCAL EXAMINATION Detailed clinical examination has revealed, Temp : 102 0 F Pulse : 84/ minute Heart rate : 47 beats/ minute Resp. rate : 37/ minute C.M.M. : Icteric (Moreicteric in one animal) B.M.M. : Normal Rumen motility : Atony Rumen liquor ph: 8.0 Lymph nodes : Normal
General body condition : Lean and severely dehydrated Demeanor : Dull and very weak Profuse frothy salivation also noticed We have collected dung, urine and blood. Faecal sample is negative for parasitic ova Peripheral blood smear is negative for haemoprotozoans Urine examination: Colour : Deep yellow Odour : Slight pungent Hay s test : positive for bile salts
SERUM ANALYSIS ALT values (IU): 74.3 IU/micro lit. (14-38) ALP values (IU): 235.3 IU/micro lit. (90-170) BUN values (mg%): 41.26 mg (20-30) Serum Creatinine(mg %): 4.39 mg %(1-2) Serum Bilirubin(mg %): 0.84mg %(0.1-0.5) Indicating both hepatic and renal insufficiency.
TREATMENT Animals are treated with the following medication Inj. DNS 5D @ 1350 ml i.v Admin. of activated charcoal @1.0kg in 10 liters of water Magnesium sulphate @50gram p.o Inj. Histanil 20 ml i.m Inj. Enrofloxacin 20 ml i.m Inj. Melonex 15 ml i.m 5 Days Inj. Belamyl 20 ml i.m Rumentas bolus @ 4 boli daily for 3 days Prescribed Liv-52 syrup @ 50 ml orally BID for 15 days. 1 st Day
Bullocks started defaecating by 2 nd day and started taking green grass from 4 th day onwards and recovered fully by 7 th day.