Course Guide COURSE GUIDE Universidad Católica de Valencia VETERINARY SURGERY I 3 rd. Veterinary Degree
Small animal clinical medicine VETERINARY SURGERY I COURSE GUIDE Course 208-209 SUBJET: Small animal clinical medicine ECTS 6 Matter: Clinical Sciences and Animal Health 60 Module: Clinical Sciences and Animal Health 08 Type of learning : Obligatory Teaching staff: C. Iván Serra Aguado, Carme Soler i Canet, Alejandra García de Carellán Mateo, Sandra Sanchis Mora, Francisco Borrego Masón, Fermina Lázaro, Vicente José Sifre Canet, Nuria Fernández Salesa, Iván Ravera YEAR: 3 rd Semester: 6 th. Department: Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery E-mail: ci.serra@ucv.es, mdc.soler@ucv.es, alejandragcm@ucv.es, jf.borrego@ucv.es, fermina.lazaro@ucv.es, vj.sifre@ucv.es; nuria.fernandez@ucv.es; ivan.ravera@ucv.es Basic education (ordinary matter), Obligatory, Optional, External practices, Final Project. Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
Course Guide MODULE ORGANIZATION Clinical Sciences and Animal Health 08 ECTS Duration and temporary location inside the study plan: The Module of Clinical Sciences and Health Animal is distributed between 2 nd, 3 rd and 4 th course of the degree. Matters and Subjects Matter ECTS SUBJET ECTS Alterations in the Structure and Function, and Foundations of the Diagnosis Pharmacology and Therapeutics 36 2 Clinical Sciences and Animal Health 60 Course/ semester Pathophysiology and General Pathology I 6 2 nd / 3 rd Pathophysiology and General Pathology II 6 2 nd / 4 th Histopathology and General Pathological Anatomy 6 2 nd / 3 rd Special Pathological Anatomy 6 2 nd / 4 th Techniques of clinical diagnosis I (clinical Propaedeutic) 6 3 rd / 5 th Techniques of clinical diagnosis II (Imaging Diagnosis) 6 3 rd / 5 th Pharmacology and Toxicology 6 3 rd / 5 th Pharmacotherapy, preventive medicine and veterinary hygiene 6 5 th / 9 th Veterinary surgery I 6 3 rd / 6 th Veterinary surgery II 6 4 th / 7 th Reproduction and obstetrics 6 3 rd / 5 th Small animal clinical medicine 6 3 rd / 6 th Equine health and clinical medicine 6 3 rd / 6 th Wild life and exotic animal health and clinical medicine 6 3 rd / 6 th Aquatic animal health and clinical medicine 6 5 th / 9 th Clinic and health in livestock farms I 6 4 th / 7 th Clinic and health in livestock farms II 6 4 th / 8 th Epidemiology 6 3 th / 5 th 3
Small animal clinical medicine COURSE GUIDE MATTERS / SUBJECTS: Veterinary Surgery I Previous requirements: To have basic knowledge of Anatomy, Physiology, Pathophysiology, Pharmacology, Clinical Diagnosis I and II, and Veterinary Medicine. GENERAL GOALS a. To understand and to apply the correct terminology of surgery and surgical pathology. b. To understand and to know the main concepts of the surgical biology: inflammatory response, wound healing and hemostasis. c. To understand and to apply the asepsis and antisepsis concepts. d. To know the main sutures and closure methods. e. To know, to identify and to use correctly the surgical instruments. f. To understand the basic concepts of anesthesia and analgesia. g. To know the pharmacology and clinical activity of the main anesthetic drugs used in veterinary medicine. h. To know the main techniques in local anesthesia. i. To know the main concepts in equine surgical pathology: Respiratory system, skeletal system and digestive system. j. Basic concepts and use of minimally invasive surgery, as well as to know equipment. k. To know the main concepts and techniques about the skin and reconstruction surgery. l. To know the main concepts and techniques in ophthalmic surgery Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
Course Guide BASICS COMPETENCES 2 Competence measuring scale # 0 2 3 4 CB2 Understanding and applying prevention, diagnosis and individual or collective treatment, and control of animal diseases, individually or in groups, with special attention to zoonoses. CB3 Understanding and applying control of animal breeding, management, health, reproduction, protection, and feed as well as improving production. CB4 Understanding and applying methods and processes for obtaining efficient animal products under optimal conditions and costs, and assessing environmental impacts. CB5 Understanding and applying laws, regulations and administrative provisions in all areas of the veterinary profession and public health, understanding the ethical implications of health in a changing global context. GENERAL COMPETENCES Competence measuring scale # 0 2 3 4 CG0 Capacity to speak well in public. CG2 Understanding and applying prevention, diagnosis and individual or collective treatment, and control of animal diseases, individually or in groups, with special attention to zoonoses. CG3 Understanding and applying control of animal breeding, management, health, reproduction, protection, and feed as well as improving production. CG5 Understanding and applying laws, regulations and administrative provisions in all areas of the veterinary profession and public health, understanding the ethical implications of health in a changing global context. CG6 Developing professional practice, acquiring skills related to teamwork, with an efficient use of resources and quality management. 2 List sequentially all the corresponding to the module. Each must be weighed from 0 to 4, and considering the degree of contribution of the subject / course to the acquisition and development of competition. 5
Small animal clinical medicine CG7 Identifying emerging risks in all areas of the veterinary profession. CROSS-SECTIONAL COMPETENCES Competence measuring scale # 0 2 3 4 T Capacity of analysis, synthesis, implementation of knowledge for problem-solving and decision-making. T2 T3 Understanding and applying the scientific method to professional practice including evidence-based medicine. Basic knowledge of the veterinary profession: legal, economic, administrative, planning and time management issues and the veterinarians society together with the importance of monitoring quality, standardization and protocols of veterinary practice. T4 Mastering fluency in oral and written mother tongue communication, listening and responding effectively using a language appropriate to audience and context. T6 Using information technology to communicate, share, search for, collect, analyze and manage information, especially related to the veterinarian practice. T7 Ability to adapt to new situations, self-critical ability, being aware of personal limitations and understanding when and where seeking and obtaining advice and professional help. T8 Efficient and effective work, both independently and as a member of a multidisciplinary team or unit, showing respect, appreciation and sensitivity to the work of others. T9 Keeping an ethical behaviour in the exercise of given responsibilities toward the profession and society. T0 Ability to learn, to research, and to be aware of the need to keep knowledge updated, and attending training programs. SPECIFIC COMPETENCES Competence measuring scale # 0 2 3 4 E22 Knowing and applying principles and bases of nosology. E23 Knowing and applying principles and bases of the description and pathogenesis of general alterations of the structure and function of cells, tissues, organs and systems. E24 Knowing and applying methods and procedures of clinical examination, additional diagnostic techniques and their interpretation. Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
Course Guide E25 Knowing and applying imaging diagnostic and radiation biology. E26 Knowing and applying necropsy. E27 Knowing and applying recognition and diagnosis of different types of injuries and their association with pathological processes. E28 Knowing and applying the clinical study of patients and medical, surgical or hygienic-dietary treatments required, as well as sporadic diseases affecting groups. E29 Knowing and applying diagnosis. E30 Knowing and applying surgical techniques used in veterinary. E3 Knowing and applying animal anesthesia and resuscitation. E32 Knowing and applying reproduction, birth and postpartum: care and disease. E33 Knowing and applying assisted reproduction. E34 Understanding and applying fish pathology. E35 Knowing and applying the general pharmacological bases and study of different types of drugs. E36 Knowing and applying pharmacotherapy. E37 Knowing and applying the identification and study of natural and synthetic toxicants. E38 Knowing and applying animal and environmental toxicology. E39 Knowing and applying transmission and maintenance of disease and methods of study of disease in populations. E40 Knowing and applying infectious and parasitic diseases related to veterinary practice including diagnosis and control. E4 Knowing and applying zoonoses and public health. E42 Knowing and applying the promotion of collective health in animals, including wildlife, in order to maximize the economic performance in a social, ethical and healthy way. E43 Knowing and applying technical measures and regulations for the prevention, control and eradication of animal diseases. 7
Small animal clinical medicine LEARNING OUTCOMES 3 R- Knows and understands the presented concepts and the terminology of the subject Veterinary Surgery I. R-2 Knows the main concepts of surgical biology R-3 Applies the asepsis and antisepsis principles correctly R-4 Is able to evaluate a patient from anesthetic point of view and to propose an anesthetic protocol.. R-5 Knows the main surgical pathologies and their treatment in equine medicine. R-7 Is able to propose a surgical protocol for skin and ophthalmic patologies, in small animals. R-7 Is able to search bibliographic information from different sources, and knows to analyze it critically and constructively. R-8 Is able to explain with rational criteria about his work or the questions exposed. COMPETENCES CB2, CB3, CB4, CB5, T, T4, T8, T0, E22, E26, E27 CB2, CB3, CB5, T4, T8, T0, E24, E27, E43, CB2, CB3, CB5, CG5, CG6, CG7, T2, T3, T8, T9, E24, E30, E39, E40, E4, E42, E43 CB2, CB3, CB4, CB5 CG5, CG6, CG7, T, T2, T8, T0, E24, E27, E29, E30, E3, E35, E36 CB2, CG2, CG4, CG7, T2, T3, T7, T8, T9, E24, E25, E27, E28, E29, E30, E32, E33, E36 CB2, CB3, CB4, CB5, CG2, CG5, CG6, CG7, T, T2, T8, T0, E24, E27, E28, E29, E30, E32, E33, E35, E36 CB2, CB3, CB4, CG7, T, T4, T6, T8, T0 CB3, CB4, CG0, T, T2, T4, T9 3 List the learning outcomes. Important Note: The competences are expressed in a generic sense of what is needed in the teaching guide learning outcomes. These results constitute a realization of one or more skills, making explicit the domain level or performance to be acquired by the student and the wording contained in the criterion which will be evaluated. Learning outcomes demonstrate what the student will be able to show the end of the course or subject and reflect also the degree of acquisition of competence or skill set. Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
Course Guide ON-CAMPUS EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES ACTIVITY Teaching-learning methodology Relationship with learning outcomes for the subject ECTS 4 ON-CAMPUS CLASS Teacher presentation of contents, analysis of competences, explanation and in-class display of skills, abilities and knowledge. R, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 2.3 PRACTICAL CLASSES HOSPITAL Group work sessions supervised by the professor. Case studies, diagnostic tests, problems, field work, computer room, visits, data search, libraries, on-line, Internet, etc. Meaningful construction of knowledge through interaction and student activity. Activities carried out in spaces with specialized equipment. Practices in the veterinary hospital, clinical rotation. R3, R4, R5, R6, R7.2 R3, R4,R6 0.6 from those.2 SEMINAR Supervised monographic sessions with shared participation R3, R4, R5, R6 0.3 from those.2 GROUP WORK EHIBITION Application of multidisciplinary knowledge R-, R-2, R-3, R-4, R-7, R-8, R-9, R-0 0.3 from those.2 4 The subject and / or course are organized ON-CAMPUS EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES and INDEPENDENT WORK ACTIVITIES OF STUDENT, with an estimated in ECTS. Proper distribution is as follows: 65-60% for ON-CAMPUS EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES and 35-40% INDEPENDENT WORK ACTIVITIES OF STUDENT. (For a course of 6 ECTS: 3.6 and 2.4 respectively). The teaching-learning methodology described in this guide in a generic way, shape in the lesson plans in which the subject and / or course is organized. 9
Small animal clinical medicine OFFICE ASSISTANCE Personalized and small group attention. Period of instruction and/or orientation carried out by a tutor to review and discuss materials and topics presented in classes, seminars, papers, etc. R, R2, R3, R4, R5,R6, R7, R8 0.08 ASSESSMENT Set of oral and/or written tests used in initial, formative or additive assessment of the student R, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 0,02 Total 3.6 INDEPENDENT WORK ACTIVITIES OF STUDENT ACTIVITY GROUP WORK Teaching-learning methodology Group preparation of readings, essays, problem solving, seminars, papers, reports, etc. to be presented or submitted in theoretical lectures, practical and/or small-group tutoring sessions. Work done on the university e-learning platform (www.plataforma.ucv.es) Relationship of course with learning outcomes R, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 ECTS 0,8 INDEPENDENT WORK Student study: Group Individual preparation of readings, essays, problem solving, seminars, papers, reports, etc. to be presented or submitted in theoretical lectures, practical and/or small-group tutoring sessions. R, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8,6 Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
Course Guide Work done on the university e-learning platform (www.plataforma.ucv.es) Total 2.4 SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING THE ACQUISITION OF THE COMPETENCES AND ASSESSMENT SYSTEM Assessment tools 5 Learning outcomes assessed Percentage awarded Assessment of written assessment of the knowledge and skills obtained. This test can consist in series of open questions or test on the theoretical content of the subject and / or practical exercises (problem solving problems). R, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 40%* Assessment of practical activities in the classroom, solving problems or computer work, seminars and tutorials, through participation, problem solving with the computer and the reports. Evaluation of the practical work in the laboratory,the students must demonstrate the acquired competences and that are able to solve the different problems in a laboratory; Such evaluation may be carried out by any of the following methods, or a combination of them: written individual test, the individual or group performance of an activity in the laboratory, the delivery of an individual or group report on the work done in the laboratory. Evaluation of the practical work in clinic, the students must demonstrate the acquired competences and that are able to solve the different problems in the clinic; Such evaluation may be carried out by any of the following methods, or a combination of them: written individual test, the individual or R4 5% R3, R4, R5, R6 5% R4,R6,R7 0% 5 Evaluation techniques and tools: oral and written tests (multiple choice tests, developmental, conceptual maps), tutorials, projects, case studies, observation notebooks, portfolio, etc.
Small animal clinical medicine group activity of a clinical experience, the delivery of an individual or group report on the work done in the clinic. Evaluation of students group work through a continuous evaluation system along the course, through the delivery of papers, whose objectives and contents will be proposed by the teacher. Evaluation of those activities in which the student in a individual way, should seek and structure information related to each of the subjects through continuous evaluation system along the course, through the delivery of papers, whose objectives and contents are proposed by the teacher. R, R4, R6, R7, R8 0% R4, R6, R7, R8 0% * The average mark must be equal to or greater than 50%, in order to be taken into account with the rest of the items.. The written test represents 40% of the final grade. To do an examination on theoretical knowledge is developed. The theoretical exam will consist of 40 multiple choice questions (each question with 4 options, of which only one is correct) and short questions. The ratio of 3 wrong questions removes a correct question. If the theoretical part is not approved you cannot pass the course. 2. The assessment of practical activities constitutes 5% of the final mark and the student must resolve an anesthetic exercise. The same day than. 3. The evaluation of the practical work in the laboratory will be done with an exercise based on pictures (5%). The same day than. 4. Evaluation of the practical work in the laboratory will be done at the end of clinical practice week (0%). 5. Evaluation of students group work through a continuous evaluation will be done in an oral exposition, in 2-3 students groups (0%). 6. Evaluation of those activities in which the student in a individual way, will be done with a case log presnteation of the clinical practice week (0%). Overall assessment: For the final grade the performance of individual evaluation activities scheduled are evaluated. To pass the course will need to get at least equal to or greater than 50 points score of 00 on each of the sections marked with an asterisk (*) and in the final grade. If a final grade of 50 Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
Course Guide points in sections marked with an asterisk (*) you are not obtained and approved only some of them, those passing grades will be saved during 2 years. Criteria for granting the license plate of Honor: For the teacher may be granted an honors degree for every 20 students (not fraction of 20, except for the first 20 students). Only be awarded honors in first or second call of the first year of enrollment of students in the subject. Review examinations after the appearance of the notes, the student will have times published on the platform, to review its examination, unless specifically instructed otherwise by the faculty and outside these hours no exams are displayed. Those students who for various reasons do not attend the assessment of some of the parties on the official date of calls, extraordinary evaluations will be conducted with an oral exam, previous approbation by the Dean. DESCRIPTION OF CONTENT COMPETENCES DU.- SURGICAL BIOLOGY Subject. Inflammatory response. Subject 2. Tissue healing, repair and regeneration. Subject 3. Bleeding and hemostasis. Subject 4. Surgical infections and antimicrobial use. CB2, CG2, T, T2, T4, T6, T7, T8, T0, E24, E27, E28, E29, E30, E39, E40, E4, Subject 5. Evidence-Based Medicine and Outcomes. DU 2.-SURGICAL PRINCIPLES Subject 6. Main concepts of surgical asepsis. Desinfection and sterilization. Subject 7. Preparation of the patient, operating team, and operating room for surgery. Subject 8. Instrumentation. CB2, CB3, CB5, CG5, CG6, CG7, T2, T3, T8, T9, E24, E30, E39, E40, E4, E42, E43 Subject 9. Suture material and closure methods. Subject 0. Introduction to the minimally invasive surgery 3
Small animal clinical medicine Subject. Introduction to oncologic surgery for the general surgeon. Subject 2. Surgical modalities: Laser, Radiofrequency, Ultrasonic and Electrosurgery. DU 3.- VETERINARY ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA Subject 3. Main concepts of anesthesia and analgesia. Subject 4. Preanesthetic evaluation and anesthetic risk classification. Subject 5. Sedation and tranquilization. Main concepts and drugs. Subject 6. Induction. Main concepts, phases of anesthesia and drugs. Subject 7. Anesthetic maintenance and recovery. Main concepts, equipment and drugs. CB2, CB3, CB4, CB5 CG5, CG6, CG7, T, T2, T8, T0, E24, E27, E29, E30, E3, E35, E36 Subject 8. Surgical Pain: Pathophysiology, assessment and treatment strategies. Subject 9. Anesthetic monitoring. Subject 20. Complications and emergencies in anesthesia. Subject 2. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. DU 4.- SKIN SURGERY AND RECONSTRUCTION Subject 22. Main concepts and techniques. Subject 23. Primary and open wounds healing. CB2, CB3, CB4, CB5, CG2, CG5, CG6, CG7, T, T2, T8, T0, E24, E27, E28, E29, E30, E32, E33, E35, E36 Subject 24. Burns. Subject 25. Plastic and reconstructive surgery principles. Subject 26. Surgical management in specific disorders. Tail, fingers and pads surgery Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
Course Guide Subject 27. Skin Surgical Oncology Subject 28. Pinna and external ear canal. Subject 29. Middle and inner ear. Subject 30. Ophthalmic surgery I. Subject 3. Ophtalmic surgery II. UD 5- EQUINE MAIN SURGICAL PATOLOGIES Subject 32. Digestive system. Esphagus and bowel disese(colic) Subject 33. Musculoskeletal system. Main surgical techniques in lameness resolution. CB2, CG2, CG4, CG7, T2, T3, T7, T8, T9, E24, E25, E27, E28, E29, E30, E32, E33, E36 Subject 34. Surgery of the respiratory system. Sinuses, pharynx, larynx and trachea. Subject 35. Genitourinary surgery. Subject 36. Manejo de heridas. Suturas. Vendajes. Injertos. BIBLIOGRAPHY * Tobias KM, Johnston SA. Veterinary Surgery. Small Animal. 2nd Ed. Elsevier & Saunders. Missouri (USA). 208. * Fossum TW. Small Animal Surgery. 5th Ed. Mosby Elsevier. Missouri (USA). 208 * Slatter D. Tratado de Cirugía en Pequeños Animales (4 vol). 3rd Ed. Elsevier. USA. 2003. * Duke-Novakovski T, Seymur C. Manual of Canine and Feline Anaesthesia and Analgesia. 3rd Ed. BSAVA. 206. * Dugdale V. Veterinary Anaesthesia: Principles to Practice. Willey-Blackwell. Oxford 20. * Thurmon JG, Tranquili WJ, Benson GJ. Veterinary Anaesthesia. 3rd Ed. Williams & Wilkins. Baltimore. 200 * Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC, Coté E. Textboook of veterinary Internal Medicine Expert Consult. 8ª Ed. Elsevier. Madrid. 20 5
Small animal clinical medicine LEARNING TEMPORAL ORGANIZATION: CONTENT/TEACHING UNIT Introduction: Presentation, practical content, docent guide and evaluation of the subject. DU.- SURGICAL BIOLOGY Subject. Inflammatory response. NUMBER OF MEETINGS 0,5 2 Subject 2. Tissue healing, repair and regeneration. 0,5 3 Subject 3. Bleeding and hemostasis. 0.5 4 Subject 4. Surgical infections and antimicrobial use. 0.5 5 Subject 5. Evidence-Based Medicine and Outcomes. 0.5 DU 2.- SURGICAL PRINCIPLES 6 Subject 6. Main concepts of surgical asepsis. Desinfection and sterilization. 0.5 7 Subject 7. Preparation of the patient, operating team, and operating room for surgery. 0.5 8 Subject 8. Instrumentation. 0.5 9 Subject 9. Suture material and closure methods. 0,5 Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
Course Guide 0 Subject 0. Introduction to the minimally invasive surgery Subject. Introduction to oncologic surgery for the general surgeon. 2 3 Subject 2. Surgical modalities: Laser, Radiofrequency, Ultrasonic and Electrosurgery. DU 3.- VETERINARY ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA Subject 3. Main concepts of anesthesia and analgesia. 0.5 4 Subject 4. Preanesthetic evaluation and anesthetic risk classification. 5 Subject 5. Sedation and tranquilization. Main concepts and drugs. 6 Subject 6. Induction. Main concepts, phases of anesthesia and drugs. 7 Subject 7. Anesthetic maintenance and recovery. Main concepts, equipment and drugs. 8 Subject 8. Surgical Pain: Pathophysiology, assessment and treatment strategies. 9 Subject 9. Anesthetic monitoring. 0,5 20 Subject 20. Complications and emergencies in anesthesia. 2 Subject 2. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. 0,5 7
Small animal clinical medicine DU 4.- SKIN SURGERY AND RECONSTRUCTION 22 Subject 22. Main concepts and techniques. 23 Subject 23. Primary and open wounds healing. 0,5 24 Subject 24. Burns. 0,5 25 Subject 25. Plastic and reconstructive surgery principles. 0.5 26 Subject 26. Surgical management in specific disorders. Tail, fingers and pads surgery. 27 Subject 27. Skin Surgical Oncology. 28 Subject 28. Pinna and external ear canal. 29 Subject 29. Middle and inner ear. 30 Subject 30. Ophthalmic Surgery I 3 Subject 3. Ophthalmic Surgery II UD 5- EQUINE MAIN SURGICAL PATOLOGIES 32 Subject 32. Digestive system. Esphagus and bowel disese(colic) 33 Subject 33. Musculoskeletal system. Main surgical techniques in lameness resolution. 34 0,5 Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
Course Guide Subject 34. Surgery of the respiratory system. Sinuses, pharynx, larynx and trachea. 35 Subject 35. Genitourinary surgery. 0,5 36 Subject 36. Skin surgery. 0.5 PRACTICES: CONTENT/TEACHING UNIT NUMBER OF MEETINGS. Practice st day hospital clinical rotation (Anesthesia) 3 2. Practice 2 2 nd day hospital clinical rotation (Anesthesia) 3. Practice 3 3 rd day hospital clinical rotation (New appointments) 4. Practice 4 4 th day hospital clinical rotation (Operating Room) 5. Practice 5 5 th day hospital clinical rotation ( Practical Test) 6. Practice 6 Equine Surgery 7. Practice 7 Asepsia 8. Seminar Sutures 9. Seminar 2 Anesthetic machine and breathing circuits 3 3 Development of the subject Theory: 9
Small animal clinical medicine Each teaching unit will be structured by describing the pathological processes from the different body systems, in canine and feline species. During the development of the subject a clinical rotation at the veterinary hospital will be done, so the students will relate the concepts discussed in the lecture with practical knowledge. The matter will be evaluated using a multiple-choice test at the end of the course. On-line controls of theoretical knowledge will be done through lessons of the platform, to help the continued study of the subject. Practice: The practical sessions will be done at the veterinary teaching hospital. Students will be distributed into groups of five people, and will make the clinical internship from Monday to Friday. Clinical cases will be worked individually and exposed in front of other colleagues the last day. It will take into account the assistance, attendance and student participation in class. Students must show basic learning activities at the veterinary hospital. Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir