158 Bulgaria Joural of Agricultural Sciece, 19 (No 1) 2013, 158-162 Agricultural Academy Effect of the geealogic lie o milk productio ad prolificacy of the ewes from Sythetic Populatio Bulgaria Milk T. IVANOVA, N. METODIEV ad E. RAICHEVA Istitute of Aimal Sciece, BG - 2232 Kostibrod, Bulgaria Abstract IVANOVA, T., N. METODIEV ad E. RAICHEVA, 2013. Effect of the geealogic lie o milk productio ad prolificacy of the ewes from Sythetic populatio Bulgaria milk. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 19: 158-162 The aim of the preset study was to establish the effect of geealogic lie o milk productio ad fecudity of ewes. I the study were icluded ewes from Sythetic populatio Bulgaria milk (SPBM) at first (=176), secod (=156) ad third (=115) lactatio, raised i Experimetal base of Istitute of Aimal Sciece Kostibrod durig years 2006-2011. The study was coducted with three lies: 604 (ram fouder from IAS-Kostibrod), 93 (ram fouder from Experimetal statio Vidi) ad 3156 (ram fouder from Agricultural istitute Shume). The dairy milk productio for 120 days milkig period was evaluated by AC method of ICAR. It was calculated the mea maximal milk productio for the stadard 120 days periods. Fecudity was defied i percetage as the ratio of umber of all bor lambs (icluded all bor lambs live bor, dead bor ad aborted) to lambed ewes. The data were calculated by the methods of variatio statistics with statistical program EXCEL 2003. The effect of lie o milk productio ad fecudity was established by oe-way ANOVA. It was ot established the effect of lie o stadard 120 days milk productio ad there was a lack clearly marked liear differetiatio betwee lies o the trait milk productio. It was established sigificat ifluece of the effect of lie o the fecudity of ewes at secod ad third lactatio (F=4.165* ad F=3.823*). A lie 3156 was distiguished with higher fecudity at secod ad third lactatio (149% ad 170%). Key words: dairy sheep, geealogic lie, milk productio, fecudity Itroductio The creatio of specialized milk sheep breedig i our coutry was well grouded by Hikovsky et al. (1979, 1980, 1982). Differet schemes were realized to obtai breed for milk ad lie for milk (Hikovsky et al., 1984, Dimitirov, 1988; Tsvetaov, 1989). As a basis for the creatio of Sythetic populatio Bulgaria milk were used ewes from fie-fleece, crossbred ad milk breeds ad rams from breeds East-Friesia, Awassi, Blackhead Pleve ad Stara Zagora local (Hikovski et al., 1984). Durig 2005, because of log lastig scietific researches of a group of Bulgaria scietists, the ew breed - Sythetic populatio Bulgaria milk was ackowledged from the Patet Office of Republic Bulgaria. Depedig o the schemes that were used i breed-creatig process, it is observed cosiderable pheotypic differeces betwee the aimals from differet coutry areas. Aalyzig the structure of sheep breedig i Bulgaria, Stakov (2006) suggested that two types of Sythetic populatio Bulgaria milk must be differetiated: first type that icludes white sheep with blood form East-Friesia breed ad secod type spotted, that has blood from Blackhead Pleve ad Awassi. The improvemet of the breed ivolves buildig of the geealogic structure ad supportig of the lies. Up E-mail: _metodiev@abv.bg
Effect of the Geealogic Lie o the Ewes from Sythetic Populatio Bulgaria Milk 159 to ow, there are little studies about the effect of lie o productive traits of ewes from Sythetic populatio Bulgaria milk. It was studied the effect of lie o milk productivity of ewes of Sythetic populatio Bulgaria milk i the stage of creatig at firs ad secod lactatio from Stacheva (2003). The aim of the preset study was to establish the effect of geealogic lie o milk productio ad fecudity of ewes. Material ad Methods I the study were icluded ewes from Sythetic populatio Bulgaria milk (SPBM) at first (=176), secod (=156) ad third (=115) lactatio, raised i Experimetal base of Istitute of Aimal Sciece Kostibrod durig years 2006-2011. The study was coducted with three lies: 604 (ram fouder from IAS-Kostibrod), 93 (ram fouder from Experimetal statio Vidi) ad 3156 (ram fouder from Agricultural istitute Shume). The milk productio for stadard 120 days milkig period was evaluated by AC method of ICAR accordig to the Istructio for the cotrol of productivity quality (2003). The milk quatity was measured i volume uits (ml). The milk productio of each ewe for the cotrol day was calculated by multiplyig the quatity of obtaied milk i the morig idividual cotrol by the flock coefficiet, established for the cotrol day as ratio: morig + eveig milk / morig milk. The ewes milk productio for 120 days milkig period was calculated as a sum of milk productio from the idividual cotrol periods of each ewe. The cotrol period had mea duratio 30±3 days. The milk productio for oe cotrol period is the product of the milk for the cotrol day ad the umber of days i the cotrol period. It was calculated the mea maximal milk productio for the stadard 120 days milkig periods. It was used the maximal milk productio of each ewe from cotrolled three lactatios. Fecudity was defied i percetage as the ratio of umber of all bor lambs (icluded all bor lambs live bor, dead bor ad aborted) to lambed ewes. The data were calculated by the methods of variatio statistics with statistical program EXCEL 2003. The effect of lie o milk productio ad fecudity was established by oe-way ANOVA. The sigificace of ifluece of the studied factor was established by F-criteria of Fisher. The sigificace of the differeces betwee meas of the studied traits was evaluated by t-criterio of Studet. Results ad Discussio It was ot established a sigificat ifluece of the lie o milk productio of the ewes from first, secod ad third lactatio for stadard 120 days period (Table 1). Stacheva (2003) reported a sigificat ifluece of the lie oly at first lactatio ad isigificat ifluece at secod lactatio i the study o pheotypic ad geotypic parameters of the selectio traits of ewes from SPBM i the stage of creatig. I Table 2 were preseted the mea values of the milk productio for stadard 120 days period accordig to lies of the ewes at first, secod ad third lactatios ad the total for flock. The mea milk productio for 120 days milkig period at first lactatio was with 7.3% lower to the requiremets for first class (95 l) accordig to the Istructios for cotrol of productive traits (2003). Oly the ewes from lie 93 had milk productio, which respoded to requiremets ad exceeded the mea productio of the flock, as well as the other Table 1 Effect of lie for 120 days dairy milk productio of ewes at first, secod ad third lactatio Source of variatio Firs lactatio Secod lactatio Third lactatio df MS F df MS F df MS F Betwee Groups 2 2120.542 NS 2 85.728 NS 2 383.505 NS Withi Groups 150 1070.255 112 1198.23 71 1246.997 Total 152 114 73 Note: NS ot sigificat
160 T. Ivaova, N. Metodiev ad E. Raicheva two lies with approximately 10%. At the other two lies ( 604 ad 3156), it was observed similar value of the milk productio as the mea of the whole flock. This could be explaied with that the ewes at first lactatio were selected oly by origi. The stadard milk productio of the ewes at secod lactatio covered the limits of first class, as it was ot observed marked liear differetiatio (Table 2). The milk productio at third lactatio of the flock ad of the ewes from lie 3156 respods to the requiremets of first class. The studied trait for lies 604 ad 93 had similar values ad exceeded over 10% (104.5 l) the limits of first class, which determied the liear aimals as elite. I despite of the lack of sigificat differeces betwee ewes at third lactatio, there was visible differetiatio betwee lies o the basis of classificatio of aimals as first classes (95 l) or elite (104.5 l). The same tedecy for icreasig the milk productio with icreasig the cosecutive lactatio was established by Katsarov ad Tsekov (1976) i aalysis of the productio of geealogic lies of Local Stara Zagora sheep, Tsvetaov (1989) at study the effect of breeds i creatio of sythetic populatio sheep for milk, Dimov (1995) at study of applyig differet breedig schemes for creatio of sheep of dairy directio, Stacheva (2003) ad Boikovski (2006) at the stage of the creatio of SPBM. The coefficiets of variatio of the first, secod ad third lactatio were high, which showed that milk productio of the liear ewes was ot off level. The same high coefficiets of variatio were reported from Dimov (1979) ad Djorbieva (1984) for Stara Zagora local sheep ad from Legarra ad Ugarte (2001) for ewes from breed Latxa. The lower values for coefficiets of variatio tha ours were reported from Stacheva (2003) i creatio of SPBM, Dimov (1979) for Zlatusha sheep ad East-Friesia ewes, Atoova (1976) for local Karobat ewes, Dimitrov (1988) from Romaov sheep crosses ad Slavov (2007) for fiefleece ewes. About the mea maximal milk productio, there were ot sigificat differeces betwee lies ad the variatio was lower (CV 20-28%) (Figure 1). This milk productio ad the maximal idividual milk productio 215.64 l (lie 604), 243.90 l (lie 93) ad 180.83 l (lie 3156) showed that there were potetial possibilities of the existed lies for realizatio of higher milk productio. The studied of the effect of lie o the fecudity of ewes was showed sigificat ifluece o secod (F=4.165; P<0.05) ad third lactatio (F=3.823; P<0.05) (Table 3). 135 130 125 120 115 110 105 604 93 3156 Lie Fig. 1. Mea maximal milk productio for stadard dairy period Table 2 Mea milk productio for stadard 120 days dairy period of ewes at first, secod ad third lactatio accordig to lie Lie First lactatio Secod lactatio Third lactatio X SE CV% X SE CV% X SE CV% 1 604 48 88.05 4.68 36.82 35 95.06 6.471 40.27 19 105.32 7.814 32.34 2 93 59 97.46 4.763 37.54 46 97.67 5.14 35.7 28 106.77 7.975 39.53 3 3156 46 85.57 4.022 31.88 34 97.47 5.143 30.67 27 99.6 5.28 27.54 4 Flock 171 88.02 2.544 37.8 127 94.4 3.035 36.23 80 100.04 4.048 36.19 t - stat. NS NS NS Note: Degree of sigificace of the differeces : NS ot sigificat
Effect of the Geealogic Lie o the Ewes from Sythetic Populatio Bulgaria Milk 161 At first lactatio, there was ot a sigificat differece of the fecudity betwee lies ad with the total of the flock (Table 4). The values of mea fecudity of the liear ewes were similar ad did ot exceed 130%. At secod lactatio the lowest fecudity had lie 604 (120%) ad the highest - 3156 (149%), as the differece betwee them was sigificat (P<0.05). At third lactatio the tedecy for sigificatly lower fecudity of lie 604 (136%) was maitaied i compariso to lie 3156 (170%) (P<0.05). At third lactatio the fecudity for the lies ad the mea of the flock (150%), was the highest i compare to the first ad secod lactatio (Table 4). Boikovski et al. (2003) reported that there were sigificat differeces betwee fecudity at first ad secod lactatios of some lies from the SPBM flock of Agricultural Istitute-Shume.Totally for all studied ewes, the fecudity was 133.5% for the first lactatio ad 141.2% for the secod. Clearly marked liear differetiatio betwee fecudity at first ad secod lactatio was established by Dimitrov (2006) for the ewes of the breed Northeast Bulgaria fie-fleece Shume type. The age iflueces the fecudity as with icreasig the age it icreases too. Notter (2000) reported, that the fecudity was sigificatly iflueced (Р<0.001) by the age as it was highest at ewes betwee age 4-8 years. Kleema ad Walker (2005) established sigificatly lower fecudity to ewes at first lambig compared to mature ewes. I Bulgaria, series of authors established the effect of the age o variatio of fecudity at ewes from differet breeds (Hikovsky, 1972; Dimitrov, 1978; Djorbieva, 1984; Dimitrov ad Kaleva, 1987; Laleva ad Djorbieva, 1997; Dimov, 2000; Metodiev ad Raicheva, 2008). Petrova ad Vitkov (1996) reported the ext values of fecudity at first ad secod lambig of dairy ewes from the flock from Vidi area: purebred Blackhead Pleve - 138.2% ad 141.6%, F 1 crosses Blackhead Pleve x Awassi 119.3% ad 120.4%, F 1 crosses Blackhead Pleve x East-Friesia 151.5% ad 150.0%. Coclusios The ext coclusios could be made from the study: It was ot established the effect of lie o stadard 120 days milk productio ad there was a lack clearly marked liear differetiatio betwee lies o the trait milk productio. Table 3 Effect of lie o fecudity of ewes at first, secod ad third lactatio Source of variatio First lactatio Secod lactatio Third lactatio df MS F df MS F df MS F Betwee Groups 2 0.026 NS 2 0.936 4.165* 2 0.917 3.823* Withi Groups 154 0.205 136 0.225 106 0.24 Total 156 138 108 Note: * - P<0.05; NS ot sigificat Table 4 Mea fecudity of ewes at first, secod ad third lactatio accordig to lie Lie First lactatio Secod lactatio Third lactatio X SE CV% X SE CV% X SE CV% 1 604 50 1.28 0.064 35.43 46 1.2 0.067 37.9 33 1.36 0.085 35.82 2 93 60 1.3 0.06 35.55 52 1.31 0.065 35.64 46 1.48 0.074 34.16 3 3156 47 1.26 0.064 35.11 41 1.49 0.079 34.01 30 1.7 0.085 27.42 4 Flock 176 1.3 0.034 35.32 156 1.33 0.039 36.48 115 1.5 0.047 33.38 t - stat. NS 1<3** 1<3** Note: ** - P<0.01; NS ot sigificat
162 T. Ivaova, N. Metodiev ad E. Raicheva It was established sigificat ifluece of the effect of lie o the fecudity of ewes at secod ad third lactatio (F=4.165* ad F=3.823*). A lie 3156 was distiguished with higher fecudity at secod ad third lactatio (149% ad 170%). Refereces Atoova, V., 1976. Study of Milk Productio of Ewes from Local Karobatksa Breed. The problem of milk productio from ewes. CNTI, Sofia, pp. 35-39 (Bg). Boikovski, S., G., Stefaova ad N. Stacheva, 2006. Milk Yield for Milkig Period i the Sheep from the Newly Created Milk Breed i Bulgaria. Bulgaria Joural of Agricultural Sciece, 12(1): 145-152. Boikovski, S., N. Stacheva, G., Stefaova ad D. Dimitrov, 2003. Ifluece of some factors o biological prolificacy i sheep from ewly created milk sheep breed. Bulgaria Joural of Agricultural Sciece, 9: 391-395. Dimitrov, D., 2006. Weight developmet ad biological fecudity of sheep from the ortheast Bulgaria fie fleece breed Shume type. Aim. Sci., XLIII, 1: 13-17 (Bg). Dimitrov, I., 1978. Characteristics of selectio traits of breed Ile de Frace, raised i Bulgaria. I. Fecudity of ewes, weight developmet ad meat quality of lambs. Aim. Sci., XV, 4: 58-67. Dimitrov, I., 1988. Creatio of specialized sythetic lie ad utilizatio of breed Ile de Frace for improvemet meat productio of sheep. Thesis for Doctor of Sciece, Stara Zagora (Bg). Dimitrov, I. ad S. Kaleva, 1987. Aalysis of traits live weight ad fecudity of ewes from lle de Frace breed. Aim. Sci., XXIV, 10: 3-7 (Bg). Dimov, D., 1995. Results of study o applied breedig schemes for creatio of dairy sheep. PhD Thesis, Plovdiv (BG). Dimov, G., 1979. Compariso of the methods for estimatio of breedig value of milk productio of the rams form some sheep breeds. PhD Thesis, Sofia (BG). Dimov, D., 2000. Ifluece of some o-geetic factor o variatio of fecudity at Splotch Maritsa sheep. Aim. Sci., XXXVII, 4: 45-49 (Bg). Djorbieva, M., 1984. Chageability of electio traits at local Stara Zagora sheep ad possibilities for their improvemet. PhD Thesis, RICSB, Stara Zagora (Bg). Hikovsky, Ts., 1980. Breedig of sheep for milk. Agricultural academy, Sofia, 4-25 (Bg). Hikovsky, Ts., A. Stoyaov, P. Dochev, S. Boikovksi, D. Dochevski, Y. Ivaov, G. Nikolov, P. Meitsov, K. Garaicheva, F. Iliev, G. Dimov, V. Tsvetaov, M.Hristov, G. Received May, 2, 2012; accepted for pritig December, 2, 2012. Tomchev ad D. Georgiev, 1984. Methodic istructios for creatio Sythetic populatio milk sheep ad techology for breedig Agricultural academy, Sofia (Bg). Hikovsky, Ts., A. Stoyaov, P. Dochev, S. Boikovksi, V. Tsvetaov, E. Todorova ad D. Nasev, 1982. Creatio of highly milk sheep breedig coditio of usig the sheep. Agricultural Academy, Sofia (Bg). Hikovsky, Ts., P. Dochev ad D. Dochevski, 1979. Milk sheep breedig ad techology for breedig. Sofia (Bg). Hikovsky, Ts., 1972. Study o o-geetic ad geetic determiatio of fecudity at Ascaia breed sheep. I. Ifluece of differet sources of specific effect. Aim Sci., 2: 15-21 (Bg). Isturctio for cotrol of reproductive traits, 2003. MAF,EASRAH, Sofia (Bg). Katsarov, Y. ad I. Tsekov, 1976. Study o milk productio of geealogic lies of local Stara Zagora sheep. The problem of milk productio from ewes. CNTI, Sofia, 30-35 (Bg). Kleema, D. O. ad S. K. Walker, 2005. Fertility i South Australia commercial Merio flocks: sources of reproductive wastage. Theriogeology, 63 (8):2075-88. Laleva, S. ad M. Djorbieva, 1997. Fecudity of ewes milk directio. Aim. Sci., XXXIV, 7-8: 5-7 (Bg). Legarra, A. ad E. Ugarte, 2001. Geetic Parameters of Milk Traits i Latxa Dairy Sheep. Aimal Sciece, 73: 407-412. Metodiev, N., ad E. Raicheva, 2008. A ivestigatio o fecudity of ewes from Ile de Frace breed. Proceedig of scietific coferece Traditios ad state of veteriary medicie, Uiversity of Forestry, Sofia, pp. 48-54 (Bg). Notter, D. R., 2000. Effects of ewe age ad seaso of lambig o prolificacy i US Targhee, Suffolk, ad Polypay sheep. Small Rumiat Research, 38: 1-7. Petrova, Y. ad V. Vitkov, 1996. Comparative characteristic of performace i sheep from the Black head Pleve breed ad its crosses with Awassi ad East Friesia breed. Aim. Sci., 33 (5): 25-28 (Bg). Salvov, R., 2007. Possibilities for improvemet of sheep from Northeast Bulgaria fie fleece breed Dobrudja type. Thesis for Doctor of Sciece, Thracia Uiversity, Stara Zagora (Bg). Stacheva, N., 2003. Pheotypic ad geotypic parameters of selectio idices i the ewly created milk sheep populatio i Bulgaria. PhD Thesis, Agricultural Istitute, Shume (Bg). Stakov, I., 2006. State ad perspectives for developmet of differet directios of sheep. Aimal Husbadry, 6 9 (Bg). Tsvetaov, V., 1989. Study o effect of breeds o prelimiary stage of creatio sythtetic populatio sheep for milk. PhD Thesis, Sofia (Bg).