Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Abomasal disease surgical management of, 629 639 Abomasal displacements described, 629 630 diagnosis of, 632 633 medical therapy for, 633 pathogenesis of, 630 631 prognosis of, 631 632 surgical management of, 629 639 described, 634 637 minimally invasive approaches, 637 639 postoperative complications, 639 Abomasal ulcers surgical management of, 639 640 Abscess(es) umbilical surgery for, 682 Accessory sex glands of bulls surgery of, 723 Acepromazine in chemical restraint of ruminants, 559 Airway protection anesthesia in ruminants and, 555 Alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists in chemical restraint of ruminants, 557 559 Amputation claw, 765 766 uterine surgical procedures for, 745 Anesthesia/anesthetics in respiratory surgery, 598 599 in ruminants, 535 552 (See also specific types and procedures) chemical restraint for, 556 568 (See also Chemical restraint of ruminants, anesthesia-related) considerations for, 554 556 airway protection, 555 fasting, 554 musculoskeletal system, 556 respiratory and cardiovascular systems, 555 556 ruminal tympany and regurgitation, 554 Vet Clin Food Anim 32 (2016) 833 848 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(16)30057-3 0749-0720/16/$ see front matter vetfood.theclinics.com
834 Anesthesia/anesthetics (continued) saliva production, 554 555 for dehorning, 536 537 of distal limb, 551 eye and eyelid anesthesia, 537 540 field sedation and, 553 570 introduction, 535, 553 for laparotomy, 540 543 local anesthetics, 536 nasal anesthesia, 537 for relaxation of orbit, 539 540 for reproductive procedures, 543 548 small ruminants, 566 567 of teat, 547 551, 816 817 of udder, 816 817 Ankylosis facilitated management of, 791 Antibiotics for septic arthritis, 786 788 Arthritis septic, 777 795 (See also Septic arthritis) Arthrodesis/facilitated ankylosis management of, 791 Arthroscopy in septic arthritis management, 791 Arthrotomy in septic arthritis management, 790 791 Arytenoidal chondritis surgery for, 605 608 Atresia of teat and udder surgical management of, 821 B Benzodiazepines in chemical restraint of ruminants, 558 Bootlace technique, 740 Buhner stitch, 739 740 Bull(s) genital organs of surgical procedures of, 701 725 (See also Genital organs of bulls) C Cardiovascular system anesthesia in ruminants and, 555 556 Caslick vulvoplasty, 738 739 Castration in ruminants
local anesthetic procedures for, 548 Caudal epididymectomy, 720 721 Caudal epidural continuous for reproductive procedures in ruminants, 545 for reproductive procedures in ruminants, 544 Cervix of cows surgical procedures of, 729 741 Chemical restraint of ruminants anesthesia-related, 556 568 in capture of wild and aggressive cattle, 564 drugs used in, 557 559 inducing recumbency and general anesthesia in adult cattle, 561 563 ketamine-xylazine infusion, 563 564 in recovery from recumbency and general anesthesia in cattle, 564 566 route of drug administration in, 557 standing of adult cattle, 559 561 small ruminants, 566 567 Claw amputation, 765 766 Claw lesions non-healing surgery for, 761 762 Cleft palate surgery for, 610 611 Common digital flexor tendon sheath resection of both flexor tendons within, 763 765 Congenital defects surgery for, 610 611 Congenital disorders of teat and udder surgical management of, 820 824 Conjoined supernumerary teat surgical management of, 821 824 Continuous caudal epidural for reproductive procedures in ruminants, 545 Cow(s) genital organs of surgical procedures of, 727 752 (See also specific organs and Genital organs of cows) Cryptorchidism surgery for, 721 723 Cyst(s) sinus surgery for, 575 835
836 Cyst(s) (continued) subepiglottic surgery for, 611 Cystostomy tube in urolithiasis management, 692 695 D Deep vertical mattress suture technique, 741 Dehorning in ruminants anesthesia for, 536 537 Detomidine in chemical restraint of ruminants, 560 Distal interphalangeal joint resection of, 762 763 Distal limb of ruminants anesthesia for, 551 surgery of, 753 775 aftercare, 757 758 claw amputation, 765 766 complications of, 758 described, 758 759 fractures and luxations, 766 769 indications for, 755 instrumentation in, 755 introduction, 753 754 non-healing claw lesions, 761 762 preparation for, 756 757 resection of apex of pedal bone, 759 760 resection of both flexor tendons within common digital flexor tendon sheath, 763 765 resection of distal interphalangeal joint, 762 763 resection of proximal interphalangeal joint or fetlock joint, 769 770 sequestra of pedal bone, 761 Distal paravertebral nerve block for laparotomy in ruminants, 542 Dorsal penile nerve block for reproductive procedures in ruminants, 547 Duodenum outflow problems after intestinal surgery, 651 653 E Elso Heel surgical management of, 805 808 Enterectomy
837 for intestinal disorders, 648 650 Enterostomy for intestinal disorders, 650 651 Entrapment after intestinal surgery, 666 667 Epididymis of bulls surgery of, 719 723 Episiotomy of genital organs in cows, 729 Eye(s) anesthesia of in ruminants, 537 540 surgery of, 582 590 clinical results of, 590 neoplasia-related, 582 583 trauma-related, 583 589 surgical conditions of, 582 589 Eyelid anesthesia of in ruminants, 537 538 F Fasting anesthesia in ruminants and, 554 Fetlock joint resection of, 769 770 Fibropapilloma penile surgery for, 710 Field sedation anesthesia of ruminants and, 553 570 (See also Anesthesia/anesthetics, in ruminants) Fistula(s) rectovestibular in cows surgical procedures for, 734 735 Flexor tendon contracture surgical management of, 804 805 Forestomach disorders of clinical findings, 619 620 nonsurgical therapy of, 620 621 pathology of, 618 619 surgery of, 617 628 anatomy and physiology related to, 617 618 perioperative considerations, 627 628 techniques, 621 627 left flank celiotomy, 621 omasal dilatation and displacement, 627
838 Forestomach (continued ) omasal impaction, 627 rumen cannulation, 625 627 rumenostomy, 624 625 rumenotomy, 621 624 Fracture(s) diagnostic imaging of, 799 of distal limb surgery for, 766 769 introduction, 797 798 mandibular surgery for, 600 601 nasal bone surgery for, 599 of ribs surgery for, 603 605 sinus-related surgery for, 575 577 surgical management of, 797 804 emergency treatment, 798 799 external skeletal fixation, 800 803 principles of repair, 799 800 septic tenosynovitis, 808 810 transfixation pin casts, 803 804 Frenulum persistent surgery for, 711 G Genital organs of bulls examination of, 701 702 surgical procedures of, 701 725 (See also specific organs and disorders) accessory sex glands, 723 epididymis and testes, 719 723 penile deviation, 713 716 penile fibropapilloma, 710 penile hematoma, 711 712 penile prepuce translocation, 717 719 persistent frenulum, 711 prepuce, 703 709 presurgical considerations, 701 702 vascular shunts, 717 Genital organs of cows surgical procedures of, 727 752 (See also specific organs and disorders) cervix, 729 741 presurgical considerations, 727 728 patient history, 727 physical examination, 727 728 uterus, 742 745
839 vagina, 729 741 vestibule, 729 741 Granuloma(s) laryngeal surgery for, 610 nasal surgery for, 610 H Halstead technique, 740 741 Hematoma(s) penile surgery for, 711 712 Hemorrhagic jejunal syndrome after intestinal surgery, 657 661 Hernia(s) simple of umbilicus, 679 Herniation internal after intestinal surgery, 666 667 I Incarceration after intestinal surgery, 666 667 Infectious diseases surgery for, 605 608 Internal herniation after intestinal surgery, 666 667 Internal pedendal nerve block for reproductive procedures in ruminants, 546 547 Intestinal surgery, 645 671 decision-making related to, 645 646 enterectomy, 648 650 postoperative management duodenum outflow problems, 651 653 entrapment, 666 667 hemorrhagic jejunal syndrome, 657 661 incarceration, 666 667 internal herniation, 666 667 intestinal volvulus, 661 664 intussusception, 654 657 trichobezoars, 664 666 preoperative considerations, 646 647 principles of, 647 651 Intestinal volvulus after intestinal surgery, 661 664
840 Intracisternal masses surgical excision of, 829 830 Intussusception after intestinal surgery, 654 657 Inverted L block for laparotomy in ruminants, 542 543 Inverted V block of teat in ruminants, 548 549 K Ketamine-xylazine-butorphanol in chemical restraint of ruminants, 563 Ketamine-xylazine-guaifenesin infusion in chemical restraint of ruminants, 563 Ketamine-xylazine infusion in chemical restraint of ruminants, 563 564 L Laceration(s) rectovestibular in cows surgical procedures for, 734 735 of teat surgical management of, 817 820 Lameness in cattle described, 753 754 surgery for, 753 775 (See also Distal limb, surgery of) Laparotomy anesthesia for in ruminants, 540 543 distal paravertebral nerve block, 542 inverted L block, 542 543 line block, 543 proximal paravertebral nerve block, 541 542 Laryngeal granuloma surgery for, 610 Left flank celiotomy of forestomach, 621 Line block for laparotomy in ruminants, 543 Local anesthetics in ruminants, 536 Lumbosacral epidural for reproductive procedures in ruminants, 545 546
841 Luxation(s) of distal limb surgery for, 766 769 Lymphoma(s) surgery for, 608 609 Lymphosarcoma ocular surgery for, 583 M Mandibular fracture surgery for, 600 601 Mass(es) intracisternal surgical excision of, 829 830 surgery for, 608 610 Mastectomy procedure for, 830 831 Milk outflow disturbances diagnosis of, 824 825 parietal fibrosis, 825 827 surgical management of, 824 830 Musculoskeletal system anesthesia in ruminants and, 556 N Nasal anesthesia in ruminants, 537 Nasal bone fracture surgery for, 599 Nasal granuloma surgery for, 610 Nasal polyps surgery for, 609 610 Necrobacillosis oral surgery for, 605 608 Neoplasia ocular surgery for, 582 583 surgery for, 608 610 O Omasal dilatation and displacement of forestomach, 627 Omasal impaction of forestomach, 627 Omphaloarteritis
842 Omphaloarteritis (continued ) of umbilicus surgery for, 682 Omphalophlebitis of umbilicus surgery for, 680 Opioids in chemical restraint of ruminants, 558 559 Oral necrobacillosis surgery for, 605 608 Orbit anesthesia for relaxation of in ruminants, 539 540 Osteotomy of sinus, 579 582 Ovariectomy surgical procedures for, 746 749 Ovary(ies) of cows surgical procedures of, 746 749 P Paranasal sinuses conditions of, 572 577 surgery of, 571 572 Parietal fibrosis surgical management of, 825 827 Pedal bone apex of resection of, 759 760 sequestra of, 761 Penile deviation surgery for, 713 716 Penile fibropapilloma surgery for, 710 Penile hematoma surgery for, 711 712 Penile prepuce translocation surgery for, 717 719 Penis of bulls surgery of, 710 719 (See also specific disorders) Perineal urethrostomy in urolithiasis management, 696 697 Persistent frenulum
843 surgery for, 711 Peterson eye block, 539 540 Pharyngeal collapse surgery for, 612 Pharyngeal trauma surgery for, 601 603 Pharyngotomy for trauma-related injuries, 603 Phenothiazines in chemical restraint of ruminants, 558 Pneumovagina surgical procedures for, 730 Polyp(s) nasal surgery for, 609 610 Prepubic urethrostomy in urolithiasis management, 696 Prepuce of bulls, 703 709 (See also Preputial injuries, ) amputation of, 707 Preputial injuries management of, 703 709 amputation, 707 preputial stoma, 709 reefing, 707 708 Preputial stoma management of, 709 Prescrotal urethrotomy in urolithiasis management, 697 698 Proximal interphalangeal joint resection of, 769 770 Proximal paravertebral nerve block for laparotomy in ruminants, 541 542 R Rectovestibular laceration and fistula in cows surgical procedures for, 734 735 Reproductive procedures anesthesia for in ruminants, 543 548 castration-related, 548 caudal epidural, 544 continuous caudal epidural, 545 dorsal penile nerve block, 547 internal pedendal nerve block, 546 547 lumbosacral epidural, 545 546 sacral paravertebral nerve block, 546
844 Respiratory disorders clinical signs of, 593 diagnosis of, 594 595 surgery for, 593 615 (See also Respiratory surgery) Respiratory surgery, 593 615. See also Respiratory disorders for congenital defects, 610 611 emergency procedures, 595 598 tracheotomy and temporary tracheostomy tube placement, 596 598 for functional obstructions, 611 612 infectious diseases related, 605 608 introduction, 593 for neoplasia and masses, 608 610 sedation and anesthesia for, 598 599 trauma-related, 599 605 fractured ribs and tracheal collapse, 603 605 mandibular fracture, 600 601 nasal bone fracture, 599 pharyngeal trauma, 601 603 Respiratory system anesthesia in ruminants and, 555 556 Retrobulbar block of eye, 539 Rib(s) fractured surgery for, 603 605 Ring block of teat in ruminants, 549 Rosette of Fürstenberg surgical management of, 827 829 Rumen cannulation of forestomach, 625 627 Rumenostomy of forestomach, 624 625 Rumenotomy of forestomach, 621 624 Ruminal tympany and regurgitation anesthesia in ruminants and, 554 Ruminant(s) anesthesia in, 535 552 (See also specific types and Anesthesia/anesthetics, in ruminants) respiratory disorders in, 593 615 (See also Respiratory disorders; Respiratory surgery) small chemical restraint of, 566 567 general anesthesia of, 567 568 S Sacral paravertebral nerve block for reproductive procedures in ruminants, 546 547
Saliva production anesthesia in ruminants and, 554 555 Septic arthritis, 777 795 causes of, 777 778 clinical pathology of, 781 783 clinical presentation of, 779 780 described, 777 diagnosis of, 779 781 imaging of, 780 781 inflammation in control of, 788 medical management of, 783 789 antibiotics in, 786 788 pain related to management of, 788 789 pathophysiology of, 778 779 prognosis of, 791 792 surgical management of, 777 795 arthroscopy in, 791 arthrotomy in, 790 791 through-and-through lavage in, 789 790 tidal irrigation in, 789 Septic tenosynovitis surgical management of, 808 810 Shunt(s) vascular surgery for, 717 Sinus(es) surgery of, 571 582 clinical results of, 590 fracture, 575 577 osteotomy, 579 582 paranasal sinuses, 571 572 sinus cyst, 575 sinusitis, 572 575 trephination, 577 579 Sinus cyst surgery for, 575 Sinusitis surgery for, 572 575 Soft palate dorsal displacement of surgery for, 611 612 Spastic paresis surgical management of, 805 808 Squamous cell carcinoma ocular surgery for, 582 583 Stoma(s) preputial 845
846 Stoma(s) (continued ) management of, 709 Streak canal fibrosis of surgical management of, 827 829 Subepiglottic cyst surgery for, 611 T Tarsorrhaphy ocular, 588 589 Teat, 813 832 anatomy of, 813 814 of ruminants anesthesia for, 547 551 infusion of teat cistern, 549 551 inverted V block, 548 549 ring block, 549 surgical conditions of diagnosis of, 814 816 surgical management of, 813 832 anesthesia for, 816 817 for congenital disorders, 820 824 mastectomy, 830 831 for milk outflow disturbances, 824 830 restraint in, 816 817 for traumatic lacerations, 817 820 Teat cistern anesthetic infusion of in ruminants, 549 551 Telazol-xylazine in chemical restraint of ruminants, 563 Tendon(s) surgical management of, 804 810 flexor tendon contracture, 804 805 spastic paresis, 805 808 Tenosynovitis septic surgical management of, 808 810 Testes of bulls surgery of, 719 723 Tracheolaryngostomy for infectious diseases, 606 608 Tracheostomy for infectious diseases, 606 Trauma. See also specific types and sites ocular surgery for, 583 589
847 respiratory surgery for, 599 605 Trephination in sinus surgery, 577 579 Trichobezoars after intestinal surgery, 664 666 Tube cystostomy in urolithiasis management, 692 695 U Udder, 813 832 anatomy of, 813 814 surgical conditions of diagnosis of, 814 816 surgical management of, 813 832 anesthesia for, 816 817 for congenital disorders, 820 824 mastectomy, 830 831 for milk outflow disturbances, 824 830 restraint in, 816 817 Ulcer(s) abomasal surgical management of, 639 640 Umbilical abscess surgery for, 682 Umbilical remnants, 674 679. See also Umbilicus Umbilicus classification of, 675 conditions of, 682 684 described, 674 675 examination of, 675 surgery of, 673 685 incision and closure in, 677 679 introduction, 673 omphaloarteritis, 682 omphalophlebitis, 680 restraint in, 676 677 simple hernias, 679 umbilical abscess, 682 urachus, 680 681 ultrasonographic examination of, 675 676 Urachus of umbilicus surgery for, 680 681 Urethrostomy perineal in urolithiasis management, 696 697 prepubic in urolithiasis management, 696 Urethrotomy prescrotal
848 Urethrotomy (continued) in urolithiasis management, 697 698 Urolith(s) in urolithiasis composition of, 687 688 Urolithiasis, 687 700 clinical signs of, 688 diagnostic tests for, 688 689 management of described, 690 692 initial care in, 689 690 perineal urethrostomy in, 696 697 prepubic urethrostomy in, 695 prescrotal urethrotomy in, 697 698 tube cystostomy in, 692 695 risk factors for, 687 688 urolith composition in, 687 688 Urovagina surgical procedures for, 731 734 Uterine amputation surgical procedures for, 745 Uterine eversion surgical procedures for, 742 745 Uterus of cows surgical procedures of, 742 745 V Vagina of cows surgical procedures of, 729 741 Vaginal eversion surgical procedures for, 735 738 Varicose veins surgical correction of, 830 Vascular shunts surgery for, 717 Vestibule of cows surgical procedures of, 729 741 Volvulus intestinal after intestinal surgery, 661 664 X Xylazine in chemical restraint of ruminants, 559, 562 Xylazine-ketamine in chemical restraint of ruminants, 563