Commonly Used Analgesics The following analgesics are intended for general use in the species of laboratory animals commonly used at NEOUCOM. The animals genetic background and other factors may have a profound effect on the efficacy, safety, and incidence of side effects of these agents in these species. Although most of the information below is taken from published reports, some is based upon the clinical experience of other investigators. Other less commonly used analgesics and combinations are available for use in the listed species and others. Blank entries indicate that no information was identified for use of the analgesic agent in the species indicated or that the agent is not well suited for the species. Please feel free to contact the office at extension 6555 for other agents and additional information regarding effects, mode of action, metabolism, and side effects. LEGEND: - Intramuscularly IV - Intravenously - Per os (by mouth) SC - Subcutaneously ANALGESIC COMMENTS SPECIES: Acetaminophen Amitriptyline Aspirin orally for short term mild pain Tricyclic antidepressant,, indicated for chronic pain Nonsteroidal anti- Inflammatory drug (NSAID), orally for short term mild pain Contraindicated 10 48 10 86 300 1.2-5 IP or SC 100 4 10 4-6, use enteric coated tablets 100 100-300 1-10 IP or SC every 3-12 100
Bupivacaine Local anesthetic, up to 12-18 hour duration, 0.25, 0.50, & 0.75% solutions available, usually 0.25% used for & 0.5% for nerve block of incision of incision Buprenorphine 0.005-0.01-12 0.01-0.03 0.1-0.2 SQ 0.05-0.06-12 0.05 SC every 8-12 0.05-0.1 SC 0.005-0.1-12 ; Rec. 0.05 initial dose 0.01-0.05 SC, or IV 0.01-0.05 IP or SC Butorphanol. Provides moderate analgesia 0.4 every 6 0.2-0.5 SC every 6 0.025-0.4-12 0.05-5.4 SC 0.1-0.3-6 0.1-0.5 IV 0.05 2 SC every 2-4 Carprofen orally incl., in jelly or jello, available in an form in Europe 4 5 5 SC
Fentanyl Flunixin or transdermal patch, may not be as effective in rodents as thought 50 microgram per hour patch for a kg dog, lasts 3 days, other sizes available 1 IV every 24 (limit to 2 days) Ibuprofen NSAID 10 every 4 Imipramine Tricyclic antidepressant,, indicated for chronic pain Not recommen ded 2.5 7.5 2.3 IP 24 0.02-0.05 every 2 ; or 50 to 100 microgram patches per 25 kg pig, lasts 3 days. 1.1 SC, Not recommended 1.1-2.5 every 12 7.5 Ketoprofen NSAID;by ; limited clinical experience;gi bleeding reported. 1-2 IP or Intranasally 3 5 up to 3 days 3 up to 2 days 1-3 5 SC up to 3 days
Lidocaine Local anesthetic, short acting, 0.5%, 1% or 2% solutions usually used (Approximate 2 hour duration) and and and and of incision and of incision Meloxicam Non-steroidal antiinflammatory 0.1 then 0.05 Use liquid formulation 0.3 or SC then 0.1 per day 0.5 Dilute to 0.5 mg/ml and give 1 SC or. Dilute to 0.5 mg/ml and give 1 SC. Can also use oral suspension or diluted orally at same dose. Meperidine, less potent than morphine, sedation and depression 2-10 2-10 2 every 3-4 every 2-3 2-10 5-10 every 3 every 2-3
Morphine Oxymorphone Pentazocine, sedation and depression Opiate, minimal depression in dogs and excellent analgesia Opiate ed by or 0.1-6, higher doses may cause profound excitement 2-3 mg per kg SC, or IV every 4 0.25-0.5-6 0.05-0.15 SC, or IV every 3-5 2-3 or 15 1.5-4.5 SC 2-10 every 2-4 10 10 10 every 3-4 Not recommended 0.15 2.5 2-5 10 every 2-4 0.22-0.33 SC, more depression in rats than morphine 10 SC