«One world, One health» concept applied to infectious diseases, from the past to the future. Pascal Boireau Animal health laboratory, ANSES, Alfort-EnvA Campus
Nocard provided a culture of M. Bovis isolated from a tuberculous cow in 1902 at Calmette and Guerin (Institut Pasteur, Lille). On June 12, 1906, the newspaper Le Matin reported on the work of Calmette and Guérin; The newspaper, which first evokes the next possibility of the development of a vaccine for cattle, reports Calmette's conviction that this vaccine will quickly find use in human medicine. The vaccine was tested by Henri Vallée in 1921 in a model experimental farm in Fécamp. BCG is definitively abandoned to vaccinate cattle after this experiment.
A short story on If environment is bad Animal health is bad Human health too
Two kind of molecules are used to treat animals in more than 65% of clinical cases Antiinflammatory drugs
Ballet of Vultures to find a Dead animal India, 1990
SINGLE CAUSE DICLOFENAC
have declined dramatically since the early 1990s in India
How will carrion Disappear in India?
Several 1000 of death per year +35% Stray Dogs RABIES
In India during the last 20 years +5Mi feral dogs, 38Mi bites, 1death of rabies/1000bites, >40000 people die. Estimated cost 34billion $ Necessity to kill carnivorous also
31% 40 New drugs since1970 25% CARDIOVASCULAR Diseases INFECTIOUS DISEASES 45% in low-income African and Asian countries 63% among children under âge five globally 1480 New drugs since1970 13% 11% 9% 5% 6% CANCERS INJURIES RESPIRATORY AND DIGESTIVE MATERNAL OTHER
Research grant for île de France area Surveillance Anticipating Emergencies Preventing and treating infectious diseases Social perceptions of prevention and innovation in infectious diseases
Cost if we don t use One Health concept?
Cost of Brucellosis : if we don t use One health concept Jakob Zinsstag, Rev Sci Tech OIE, 2013 COST >>>>
Negative Changes Environnment change Pollution / garbage management Climate changes Description of the changes Forest extension, Excess of food Excess of food No management of garbages Vectors : mosquitoes, ticks and culicoïdes Consequences on animal pop Wild animal (boar, deer, cervid++++) Stray dogs (prolificacy and density +++) Prolificacy of rodents Increase vectors population Consequences on animal diseases Tick bornes diseases, Tuberculosis, brucellosis S2 Rabies Parasites Leishmania Transmission of new viruses (Schmallenberg, BTV ) Consequences on human diseases Tick borne diseases (biodiversity could be a buffer) Rabies Echinococcus Leishmania arboviruses
Wild mammals in France Deers Roes Boars X 3.8 IN 20 YEARS X 3.2 IN 20 YEARS X 4.7 IN 20 YEARS
Negative Changes Environnment change Pollution / garbage management Climate changes Description of the changes Forest extension, Excess of food Excess of food No management of garbages Vectors : mosquitoes, ticks and culicoïdes Consequences on animal pop Wild animal (boar, deer, cervid++++) Stray dogs (prolificacy and density +++) Prolificacy of rodents Increase vectors population Consequences on animal diseases Tick bornes diseases, Tuberculosis, brucellosis S2 Rabies Parasites Leishmania Transmission of new viruses (Schmallenberg, BTV ) Consequences on human diseases Tick borne diseases (biodiversity could be a buffer) Rabies Echinococcus Leishmania arboviruses
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TRANSMISSION OF A WIDE VARIETY OF PATHOGENS THAN TICKS ACQUIRE DURING THEIR BLOOD MEAL ON MANY ANIMAL SPECIES Virus Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus Bacteria Borrelia spp, Rickettsia spp, Ehrlichia spp, Anaplasma sp Parasites Babesia spp, Theileria spp Encephalitis with ticks : Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus : 3.000 cases / year Other diseases due to "new" pathogens discovered in the last 20 years - Rickettsia spp., Babesia spp. Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp., Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis. Very poorly or not diagnosed
Thématiques et Objectifs de l équipe Microbiote interactions And survey Eco health Adapation Competence PCR Microfluidic - Epidemiology Failloux et Moutailler, 2015, OIE Rev Sci Tech; Vayssier-Taussat M,et al, 2015, Future Microbiolol, Bonnet S et al, 2014, Plos NTD, Michelet et al, 2013 Vet Microbiolol.
BioMark TM Dynamic array 48.48: specificity Viruses 22 Assays (primers and probe) TBEV European (RNA) TBEV European TBEV Far Eastern TBEV Siberian Langat Louping ill Deer Tick Powassan Meaban West Nile Kyasanur Omsk ASFV Eyach Colorado tick fever Kemerovo Dhori Thogoto CCHF Dugbe Nairobi sheep Disease Uukuniemi Schmallenberg I. persulcatus I. ricinus E. coli TBEV Siberian (plasmid) TBEV Far Eastern (plasmid) Langat (RNA) Louping ill (RNA) Deer Tick (RNA) 22 ref mat And 2 neg control Powassan (RNA) Meaban (RNA) West Nile (RNA) Kyasanur (plasmid) Omsk (plasmid) ASFV (DNA) Thogoto (plasmid) Dhori (plasmid) Kemerovo (plasmid) Colorado tick fever (RNA) Eyach (RNA) CCHF (plasmid) Dugbe (RNA) Nairobi sheep Disease(RNA) Uukuniemi (RNA) Schmallenberg(RNA) Water (Michelet et al., 2014 ;Front Cell Infect Microbiol.)
Application to mosquitoes - PCR Microfluidiques Collab. Plateforme IdentyPath Adaptation of the system to viruses transmitted by mosquitoes: Screening of 58 viral species (130 available designs targeting different genotypes)(ptr ANSES- IP Paris ; Lena Yousfi) (Moutailler et al., in prep) Guadeloupe Identification of mosquito vectors of Zika virus collected in epidemic and endemic areas(guyane, Guadeloupe, Brésil, Gabon) (WP6 H2020, ZIKALLIANCE, Coord. Inserm X. De Lamballerie, Coll. > 50partners, PI. S. Moutailler) (Moutailler et al, in prep)
Thématiques et Objectifs de l équipe Microbiote interactions And survey Eco health Adapation Competence PCR Microfluidic - Epidemiology Failloux et Moutailler, 2015, OIE Rev Sci Tech; Vayssier-Taussat M,et al, 2015, Future Microbiolol, Bonnet S et al, 2014, Plos NTD, Michelet et al, 2013 Vet Microbiolol.
PARTICIPATORY SCIENCE TO UNDERSTAND AND PREVENT TICK-BORNE DISEASES Signalement-Tique This app is available now by free download for ios and Android smartphones. INRA and ANSES, with the Ministry of Solidarities and Health, call upon volunteers who wish to participate in research for the fight against ticks and the diseases they transmit. LymeSnap science embarks citizen photo support In an effort to fight against ticks and diseases that they transmit, the LymeSnap project was designed by the UMR Epidemiology of Animal and Zoonotic Diseases at INRA and the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department of Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital Center.. It will be conducted for one year in the territory of the Combrailles with the help of the population. Citicks Participatory sciences bring together citizens and researchers, and help to accelerate the acquisition of knowledge. As part of the Citicks project, several teams of scientists led by INRA call on volunteers who wish to participate in the research effort in the fight against ticks and diseases that they transmit.
HUMAN FACTORS Population growth Transportation of goods and people Lifestyle changes (leisure, professional activities, travel, food) Economic and political developments Sanitary environment Health systems
Important challenges -Vector-borne diseases account for 16% of the estimated global burden of infectious diseases in humans (worse in animals). - Global changes: potential impact on the epidemiology of several infectious diseases (distribution and incidence, variable according to region, role of vectors) - Need to model the effects of climate change simultaneously with ecological and societal factors. - Lack of capacity and resources for surveillance and transdisciplinary / intersectoral research.
Impulse human and animal infectiology in Ile-de-France with new concepts Defragment research Valorize and interconnect cohorts network of confined platforms. Track / monitor / predict / prevent and innovate in therapeutics and vaccines with social acceptance and health economics
27-28 June 2018 Next call up to the december 2018 (support for Phd, post doc, congress help, investment up to 2M ) https://dim1health.sciencesconf.org 1health call. Info : dim1health@anses.fr www.dim1health.com