Neglected Zoonoses Situation (Philippines) EMELINDA L. LOPEZ, DVM, MSc Animal Health and Welfare Division Bureau of Animal Industry
CAR I II The PHILIPPINES 3 Island Groups Luzon (north) Visayas (central) Mindanao (south) 17 Administrative Regions No. of Provinces 81 No. of Cities 144 No of Municipalities 1,490 No. of Barangays 42,028 LUZON III IV-A IV-B VI VISAYAS MINDANAO VII X IX ARMM V VIII XIII XI As of 31 March 2014 XII
Animal Inventory by Year and Animal Type (2011-2015) Carabao Cattle Goat Swine Chicken Duck 2015 2,854,838 2,533,809 3,674,277 11,999,722 174,882,999 10,066,159 2014 2,856,761 2,519,487 3,708,474 11,982,003 173,530,695 10,269,204 2013 2,885,679 2,492,037 3,676,460 11,900,909 177,689,124 10,063,504 2012 2,931,617 2,492,222 3,717,537 11,959,545 169,197,820 10,156,708 2011 3,003,588 2,496,258 3,745,684 12,188,857 164,014,494 10,066,821 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority
Organizational Structure Bureau of Animal Industry (Under Rationalization Plan) VETERINARY SERVICES OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR ANIMAL FEEDS VETERINARY DRUGS AND BIOLOGICS CONTROL DIVISION Registration, Certification and Licensing Inspection, Monitoring and Evaluation VETERINARY LABORATORY DIVISION Veterinary Biologics Production and Quality Control Animal Disease Diagnosis and Reference Animal Feed Analysis Veterinary Drug Production and Assay LIVESTOCK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DIVISION Research Management Technology Packaging and Transfer Animal Products Development ANIMAL HEALTH AND WELFARE DIVISION Animal Disease Control Veterinary Epidemiology Animal Facilities Regulation Animal Information and Advocacy Services NATIONAL VETERINARY QUARANTINE SERVICES DIVISION Quarantine Policy and Coordination Accreditation and Licensing RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTERS National Swine and Poultry R & D Center National Beef Cattle R & D Center National Feed Resources R & D Center National Small Ruminants R & D Center
Organizational Structure Department of Health (DOH) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY HUMAN HEALTH SERVICES Health Emergency Management Staff (HEMS) Health Regulation Bureau of Health Facilities and Services Bureau of Food and Drugs Bureau of Health Devices & Technology External Affairs Bureau of Quarantine and International Health Surveillance Bureau of International Health Cooperation Bureau of Local Health Development Health Program Development National Epidemiology Center National Center for Disease Prevention and Control National Center for Health Promotion National Center for Health Facility Development Centers for Health Development Regional Hospitals, Medical Centers, Sanitation Units Special Hospitals
Coordination with human health Philippine Inter-Agency Committee on Zoonoses (PhiICZ) Department of Health DENR-Biodiversity Management Bureau DA-Bureau of Animal Industry
Coordination with human health National Rabies Prevention & Control Committee (NRPCC)
Disease Situation ZOONOSES NATIONAL CONTROL PLAN Anthrax Control of disease outbreaks Rabies Annual mass rabies vaccination (70% of the dog population) Elimination of rabies by 2020 Avian Influenza Keeping the Philippines Bird Flu Free LEGISLATION Republic Act 9482 (Anti-Rabies Act of 2007) An Act Providing for the Control and Elimination of Human and Animal Rabies, Prescribing Penalties for Violation Thereof and Appropriating Funds Therefor Executive Order No.280, series of 2004 Defining the Powers, Functions, and Responsibilities of Government Agencies in Response to Avian Influenza (AI) or Bird Flu Virus and Related Matters Thereto CONTROL MEASURE - Vaccination with locally-produced Anthrax spore vaccine Public awareness (IEC) National Rabies Prevention and Control Program (NRPCP) Avian Influenza Protection Program (AIPP)
Disease Situation Zoonoses not fully addressed: Leptospirosis Schistosomiasis Brucellosis Tuberculosis Salmonellosis Food-borne transmitted helminthiasis Have some diagnostic capability but there is no official animal health programmme
Diagnostic Capacity Philippine Animal Health Center 13 Regional Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratories (RADDLS) LGU diagnostic laboratories Bulacan Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory Negros Occidental Provincial Veterinary Office Puerto Prinsesa City City Veterinary Office For Rabies 13 RADDLs Reference laboratories - Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM) - San Lazaro Hospital 3 Provincial Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratories Laoag City, Bacolod City, Dumaguete City For Avian Influenza RADDL II, III, VII, IX, X, and XII
Constraints on Prevention & Control of Zoonoses 1. Lack of manpower and funding support 2. Lack laboratory facility appropriate Biosafety Level 3. Lack early detection techniques (emerging zoonoses) 4. Lack knowledge on disease transmission, pathogenesis and vector control 5. Need more training on latest diagnostics, surveillance methods and early disease response 6. Need more information on animal ecology 7. Availability of diagnostic reagents 8. Availability of drugs and biologicals 9. Exposure to zoonoses => Occupational hazards
Strengths & Weakness for Neglected Zoonoses Strengths Good relationship with human health sector Consultations with animal industry stakeholders Legislation and issuances Support from international partners (OIE, FAO, WHO) Weaknesses Government priorities Infrastructure support and capital outlay for equipment Surveillance systems Program documentation Research Emergency funds Indemnification Compensation
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