Field Trip #7 From Pig to Pork MAIN IDEAS Kentucky farmers raise pigs as a source of food (protein and fat). Different types of meat products come from different parts of the pig. Pigs are evaluated at a show for the best characteristics, which translates to a better product for consumers. Farmers care for their pigs to meet their needs and ensure their safety. Before pork reaches the dinner table, it is processed at a facility that ensures food safety. BEFORE WATCHING THE VIDEO What Do You Know about Pigs? Ask students to tell you what they know about pigs and write them on the board. See if they can name food products that come from pigs, like sausage, bacon, and ham. What about non-food products? From leather to crayons, pig ingredients can be found in hundreds of products. They even transplant pig heart valves into human patients. WHILE WATCHING THE VIDEO Have students fill out the From Pig to Pork Activity Sheet. The answers are below. ANSWER KEY Kentucky Academic Standards SCIENCE Inheritance and Variation of Traits: Life Cycles and Traits Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems: Animals, Plants, and Their Environment ELA Language MATH Geometry Counting 300,000 corn sow 48 300 3 1 2 4 Teacher s Guide - Page 61
AFTER WATCHING THE VIDEO OPTION 1: MAKE A SHOW PIG Grade Level(s): K-5 Estimated Time: 20-30 minutes Purpose Kindergarten students will learn, draw, describe, and count geometric shapes while they build a pig from instructions. This can be a review for students in grades 1-2. K.CC Counting and Cardinality K.G.A Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres). Older students will design and build a unique pig-like animal from the shapes provided. Materials Make a Show Pig Activity Sheet Make a Show Pig Shapes on different colored papers, if desired. Once the shapes are cut, students may trade different shapes so they will have a multi-colored pig. Color, pre-printed shapes are available for sponsored teachers or through www.teachkyag.org. Scissors Glue Markers or Crayons 1 Sheet of Plain Paper Background Information Renee talked about showing pigs in the video. A pig judge looks for certain characteristics that are ideal for pigs, such as the shape of their back, head, belly, and ham. Procedures 1. Provide younger students a copy of the worksheet, the shapes, and a plain sheet of paper. 2. Have them cut out the shapes and follow the directions on the worksheet to create their pig. They will use the plain sheet of paper as a background for the pig. 3. Provide older students the shapes only to cut out and ask them to construct a pig on their own. A plain piece of paper is optional to use as a background or to cut additional shapes. 4. Another variation is to provide students a list of shapes and quantities of shapes that can be used, and they must draw or create the pig using those parameters. Example: 1 hexagon, 3 circles, 2 ovals, 2 squares, 4 rectangles, and 10 triangles. They may choose the position and size of each. 5. OPTIONAL: Have students parade their pigs and have a judge or judges select the best creation. Page 62 - Kentucky Farms Feed Me Virtual Field Trip Series
OPTION 2: WHAT DO PIGS NEED FOR HEALTH AND COMFORT? Grade Level(s): Versions for K/1, 2/3 and 4/5. Estimated Time: 10-60 minutes Purpose Students will learn and compare the basic needs and habitats of pigs and humans for survival. K-LS1-1. Use observations to describe patterns of what plants and animals (including humans) need to survive. K-ESS2-2. Construct an argument supported by evidence for how plants and animals (including humans) can change the environment to meet their needs. K-ESS3-1. Use a model to represent the relationship between the needs of different plants or animals (including humans) and the places they live. 3-LS4-3. Construct an argument with evidence that in a particular habitat some organisms can survive well, some survive less well, and some cannot survive at all. Students will design a habitat where the animals needs are met in a safe and comfortable environment. ETS1.A: Defining Engineering Problems ETS1.B: Developing Possible Solutions Materials Needs & Habitats Activity Sheet - 2 versions depending on grade level Pencil, Markers, or Crayons For the Create a Modern Pig Barn Activity, grade 4/5 students will need: 4 business size envelopes 1 paper towel 2 toilet paper rolls You may also have students find 2 straws, cut in 8 equal pieces their own materials to create their 2 5 paper circles for making a cone barns. Scissors Scotch Tape Markers for decorating (optional) Extra paper for making fencing, pipes, feed troughs (optional) Background Information (and Discussion) The needs and habitats of pigs and humans are very similar. Just as pigs in captivity depend on humans to meet their needs, children rely on adults. Before handing out the worksheets, ask the students what they need to survive and why: oxygen, water, food, shelter, body temperature, safety from harm. Then ask the students if a pig s needs are the same as ours (food and safety were stressed in the video). Here are some facts about pigs for them to consider: Pigs are omnivores, meaning they can eat plant and animal products. Most pigs, however, eat grain foods such as corn and soybeans. Are humans omnivores? Pigs cannot sweat to regulate their body temperature. When pigs are outdoors, they lay in mud to keep themselves cool. How do we stay cool? They also need to be kept warm in the winter, since most domestic pigs do not have heavy hair coats. How do we stay warm? Pigs must be kept safe from larger predators, such as coyotes, mountain lions, and bobcats. Farmers also do not want their pigs roaming outside of their housing, because they can destroy crops and could be hit by vehicles on the roads. How do your caretakers keep you safe? Teacher s Guide - Page 63
You may also have students watch the first few minutes of this video: http://youtu.be/emzmcjl-bey, and ask them to write down what Kentucky farmer Caleb Ragland says are important considerations for taking care of pigs and producing safe food. Procedures 1. Provide younger students one of the Needs & Habitats Activity Sheets to complete. 2. Older students may be asked to design or design and create a pig barn based on pig needs. 3. Explain and prompt students in making their own pig barn. They are welcome to work in small groups. These instructions are a suggestion: Need to see how an educator teaches this lesson? Check out this video called Ohio Pork Ed Resources Building a Pig Barn: youtu.be/o_8lweaq05o a. Barn: Cut an oval hole in one envelope making a large side window for the barn. (ventilation) b. Take ½ of paper towel and tape it on top of the window for the curtain. c. Cut another envelope in half for ends of the barn. d. Tape ends of the barn to the sides of the barn envelopes, one of which has the hole for the window with the paper towel curtain, so that you have four sides, or a rectangle. e. Use the final envelope as the roof by creasing it lengthwise in ½ and attaching it with tape to the top of the rectangle. f. Food Storage: Tape four straws, or legs, to each toilet paper roll so that the structure will stand on the legs. g. Cut a radius line (from the outer edge to the center) in the paper circles and make 2 cone shapes by rotating and taping the ends. Tape one cone on the end of the toilet paper roll without the straw legs. h. Tape the other cone shape and tape it between the straw legs on the other end of the toilet paper roll. i. Allow students time to be creative and make fencing inside the barn, pipes to carry feed, feeders, or water troughs. j. Students can decorate their creation as they wish or add their own innovations to the structure. 4. Encourage students to share their creations with the rest of the class. a. Have students explain the following aspects of their structures: i. Ventilation ii. Water iii. Feed iv. Protection from predators Page 64 - Kentucky Farms Feed Me Virtual Field Trip Series
OPTION 3: PIG FACTS Grade Level(s): 3-5 Estimated Time: 10 minutes Purpose Students will learn fun pig and pork facts while using their grammar skills to correct the capitalization and punctuation errors. L.3-5.2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing. Materials From Pig to Pork ELA Worksheet Answer Key 1. Pigs are very smart animals. Some say they re smarter than dogs. 2. Pigs don t have the ability to sweat. If they are kept outside, they must be able to lay in the mud when it gets too hot. 3. An adult, female hog is called a sow. A sow carries her piglets three months, three weeks, and three days before they are born. 4. A sow has between 8 and 12 pigs per litter. 5. Adult hogs usually weigh between 300 and 700 pounds, but the largest hog on record weighed 2,552 pounds and was 9 feet long. His name was Big Bill, and he lived in Jackson, Tennessee. 6. Types of meat that come from pigs and hogs are ham chops, roast, tenderloin, sausage, and bacon. 7. The first hot dog was sold at the 1904 World s Fair in St. Louis, Missouri. 8. The longest single sausage made was over a mile long. The 5,917-foot sausage was cooked in Barcelona, Spain on September, 22 1986. 9. The Kentucky Farm Bureau auctions a ham for charity every year at the Kentucky State Fair. 10. In 2014, the ham from Broadbent s Country Hams, in Kuttawa, Ky., sold for $2,000,000. This is the largest amount paid for a winning ham in the auction s history. Teacher s Guide - Page 65
Field Trip #7 From Pig to Pork While watching the video, fill in these facts about Kentucky s pork industry. 1. Kentucky farmers raise about pigs each year! 2. Pigs are fed and soybeans. 3. A mother pig is called a. 4. The average American eats pounds of pork per year. 5. Purnell s has employees. Word Bank corn 300 300,000 sow 48 Different types of meat come from different parts of the pig. Write the number of the pig part that corresponds to the type of meat that comes from that part. Bacon Chops Spare Ribs Ham Sausage can come from any part of the pig. 1 2 3 4 Funny Farm: What are a pig s favorite karate moves? Pork chops! Ky Agriculture & Environment in the Classroom - www.kyfarmsfeedme.com
Kentucky Farms Feed Me Field Trip #7 - PRIMARY Make a Show Pig Make a SHOW PIG from the shapes provided. Draw the black shapes on your pig. Then fill out the questions below. Count the shapes: Draw the shapes: There is hexagon. hexagon There are circles. circle There are ovals. oval There are squares. square There are rectangles. rectangle There are triangles. triangle Ky Agriculture & Environment in the Classroom - www.kyfarmsfeedme.com
Field Trip #7 - PRIMARY (K-1) Needs & Habitats Pigs, just like humans, have needs and habitats that keep them healthy and comfortable. Cut out the pictures of our needs and habitats and paste them next to the same needs and habitats for pigs. Pig Needs My Needs rules & warnings food water shelter warm or cool (temperature) safety Ky Agriculture & Environment in the Classroom - www.kyfarmsfeedme.com
Field Trip #7 - PRIMARY (GRADES 2-3) Needs & Habitats Draw a picture of a pig s house (top or inside view). Include the things a pig needs and would make them comfortable. Be sure to label these items in your drawing: FOOD WATER SHELTER WARM/COOL CLEAN SAFE Explain in 2 to 4 sentences why your design would be a nice place to live for a pig. Ky Agriculture & Environment in the Classroom - www.kyfarmsfeedme.com
Field Trip #7 - INTERMEDIATE ELA From Pig to Pork While reading these facts about pigs, hogs, and pork, correct the capitalization and punctuation errors you find. 1. pigs are very smart animals some say theyre smarter than dogs 2. pigs dont have the ability to sweat if they are kept outside they must be able to lay in the cool mud when it gets too hot 3. an adult female hog is called a sow a sow carries her piglets three months three weeks and three days before they are born 4. a sow has between 8 and 12 pigs per litter 5. adult hogs usually weigh between 300 and 700 pounds but the largest hog on record weighed 2552 pounds and was 9 feet long his name was big bill and he lived in jackson tennessee 6. types of meat that come from pigs and hogs are ham chops roast tenderloin sausage and bacon 7. the first hot dog was sold at the 1904 worlds fair in st louis missouri 8. the longest single sausage made was over a mile long the 5917 foot sausage was cooked in barcelona spain on september 22 1986 9. the kentucky farm bureau auctions a ham for charity every year at the kentucky state fair 10. in 2014 the ham from broadbent s country hams in kuttawa ky sold for $2 000 000 this is the largest amount paid for a winning ham in the auction s history Ky Agriculture & Environment in the Classroom - www.kyfarmsfeedme.com