ALAT Manual (2009) 3rd printing updates, January 2012

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1 ALAT Manual (2009) 3rd printing updates, January 2012 Location Chapter 6, pg. 45, column 1 Chapter 21, pg. 146, column 1 Update or Correction "at a minimum, an animal must have enough space to turn around and to express normal postural adjustments, must have ready access to food and water, and must have enough clean bedding or unobstructed area to move and rest in." "at a minimum, animals must have enough space to express their natural postures and postural adjustments without touching the enclosure walls or celling, be able to turn around, and have ready access to food and water."" Males "thump" with their hind feet when mating. Males "thump" with their hind feet around the time of mating." Chapter 23, pg. 156, column 2 Adult NZW rabbits typically receive approximately 50 grams of feed once a day. Chapter 30, pg. 201, column 2 Chapter 32, pg. 216, column 2 Adult NZW rabbits typically receive approximately 50 grams/kg of feed once a day. Barbiturates, inhalant anesthetics, CO 2, CO, benzocaine hydrochloride, and double pithing are also listed as acceptable agents of anesthesia in the AVMA Guidelines. Barbiturates, inhalant anesthetics, CO 2, CO, benzocaine hydrochloride, and double pithing are also listed as acceptable agents of euthanasia in the AVMA Guidelines. Turtles live in aquatic, amphibious or terrestrial environments which in part dictate their primary food sources. Turtles live in aquatic, semi-aquatic or terrestrial environments which in part dictate their primary food sources. 1

2 Appendix, Page 234, Goat Biological Data last update 01/2012 Optimum reproductive age span, male: 1 y Optimum reproductive age span, female: 1 y Optimum reproductive age span, male: 8 mo-8 y Optimum reproductive age span, female: 8 mo-8 y 2nd printing updates, July 2010 Location Chapter 5, pg. 31, column 2 Chapter 5, pg. 32, column 2 Chapter 5, pg. 33, column 2, last paragraph Chapter 5, pg. 34, column 1, First Printing Text and Corrected Text 1. Tunnel washers take small equipment and accessories such as animal cages, racks, feeders, and watering devices through several different cycles in the cleaning process (Figure 5.1). The equipment is placed onto a conveyor belt in the dirty side of the cage wash facility. The belt transports the equipment through the programmed wash cycles before moving the equipments to a drying area. 1. Tunnel washers process soiled small equipment and accessories, for example cages, wire-bar lids, lids, bottles, sipper tubes, and other equipment that fits onto the conveyor belt and through the opening. The belt transports the equipment through all the programmed wash and rinse cycles and then finally through a drying cycle or high velocity air cycle. Foamers are hand-held devices that are commonly used to clean rooms in facilities housing large animals, such as dogs and nonhuman primates. Foamers may be hand-held devices or electric machines and are commonly used to clean hallways, wash rooms, and rooms in facilities housing large animals, such as dogs and nonhuman primates. automatically mixed with the house water, and automatically mixed with the chosen water, and Yearly certification of the cabinets is required Periodic certification of the cabinets is required 2

3 Chapter 5, pg. 35, column 1, paragraph 4 Chapter 5, pg. 37, Figure 5.7 caption Chapter 6, pg. 41, column 1, paragraph 1 Chapter 6, pg. 41, column 1, paragraph 1 Chapter 6, pg. 41, column 1, Chapter 8, pg. 56, column 1, Chapter 8, pg. 56, column 2, Disinfection Sentence added: Class I BSCs protect the user and the environment, but because they draw in unfiltered room air, they provide no protection to what is inside the cabinet. A. Smaller balances can be used for weighing smaller items A. Smaller scales can be used for weighing smaller items In ventilated systems, the filters may be in the lid of the cage, on the front or back of the cage, or in the supply and exhaust side of the system outside of the cages. In ventilated systems, the filters may be in the lid of the cage or on the front or back of the cage. If the ventilation fails, carbon dioxide levels can rise inside the cages and asphyxiate the animals. If the ventilation fails on a sealed cage, carbon dioxide levels can rise inside the cages. The animals must be moved immediately or provided auxiliary air to avoid asphyxiation. Housing animals in specialized microisolation cages, called biocontainment cages, for infectious diseases and toxicity studies has become more common. Housing animals in specialized microisolation cages, called biocontainment cages, or housing the animals in cages placed on a biocontainment rack has become more common for studies that involve infectious diseases. Disinfection is a process that destroys microorganisms or affects their growth on an object or surface. Disinfection is a process that destroys microorganisms or inhibits their growth and activity. Paragraph added at the end of the section: It is important to note that phenolic compounds (for example, Lysol ) adversely affect some laboratory animals, such as cats, birds, and some reptiles. 3

4 Chapter 12, pg. 87, column 2, Chapter 16, pg. 118, column 2, paragraph 4 Chapter 23, pg. 153, column 1, Chapter 25, pg. 166, column 1, last paragraph Chapter 27, pg. 173, column 1, Chapter 27, pg. 173, column 1, Chapter 27, pg. 174, column 1, paragraph 1 Chapter 27, pg. 174, column 1, Chapter 27, pg. 174, column 1, Ketoprofen (sold under brand names Orudis or Oruvail ) and meloxicam (Metacam ) are other examples of NSAIDs that have an analgesic effect and are commonly used in laboratory animals. Ketoprofen (sold under the brand name Ketofen ) and meloxicam (Metacam ) are other examples of NSAIDs that have an analgesic effect and are commonly used in laboratory animals. For example, if an experimental group receives an injection of growth hormone, the control group will not receive this injection (Figure 16.1). For example, if an experimental group receives an injection of growth hormone, the control group will receive an injection of another substance that does not contain the hormone, such as saline (Figure 16.1). Oryctolagus cunniculus should be spelled Oryctolagus cuniculus. facility veterinarian or the IACUC. attending veterinarian or the IACUC. Ruminants are herbivores that use a two-stage digestive process. Ruminants are herbivores that have a four-compartment stomach. This second chewing step helps break down This second chewing step is often called cud chewing. It helps break down Sexual maturity is reached at about 5 to 7 months.. Puberty age is reached at about 6 to 10 months. The estrous cycle lasts 16 to 17 days (Table 27.1). The estrous cycle lasts 14 to 19 days (Table 27.1). after a gestation of 144 to 151 days. 4

5 Chapter 28, pg. 186, second bullet point Page 181 Chapter 29, pg. 189, column 1, last sentence Chapter 29, pg. 190, column 1, Chapter 29, pg. 192, column 1, paragraph 5 Chapter 29, pg. 192, column 1, paragraph 6 Chapter 30, pg. 198, column 2, Chapter 30, pg. 199, column 2, Chapter 31, pg. 204, column 1, paragraph 4 after a gestation of 140 to 150 days. Deleted: A squeeze cage, for example has a movable side or back that allows the animal to be immobilized for experimental manipulations. Add new sentence: Space requirements must allow for perches, climbing structures, or enrichment devices, depending on the species of NHP being housed. Some New World monkeys, such as marmosets, have prehensile tails, which allow them to grasp and hang from tree limbs by their tails. Marmosets" is incorrect. Change sentence to: Some New World monkeys, such as squirrel monkeys, have prehensile tails, which allow them to grasp and hang from tree limbs by their tails. Domestic chickens (Gallus gallus). Domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). In the female bird, the cloaca is used to lay the fertilized egg.. In the female bird, the cloaca is used to lay the eggs (Figure 30.4) should read (Figure 29.5). Deleted: (Figure 29.5). In bullfrogs, for example, the female s tympanic membrane is approximately the same size as the eye, twice as large as the males. In bullfrogs, for example, the female s tympanic membrane is approximately the same size as the eye; in males, the tympanic membrane is twice as large as the eye. for example, the Bufo marinus. for example, the cane toad (Bufo marinus). Insert: Most fish are egg layers, such as zebrafish, but some 5

6 Chapter 31, pg. 213, column 1, last update 07/2010 bear living young. In live-bearing fish and some egg layers, fertilization occurs internally. In other species, sperm is released over the eggs after the female has released them. The release of eggs and sperm is called spawning. Parental care also varies considerably. Insert: and less easy to handle. The Ag Guide has specific recommendations for the length of time per day horses should be provided with exercise. Horses kept outdoors 6