Iowa State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) Standard Operating Procedure

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1 Effective Date: Approved Date: Revised Date: Last Reviewed: Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee SOP ID Number: SOP Title: Using Analgesics, Anesthetics and Sedatives Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) Standard Operating Procedure USING ANALGESICS, ANESTHETICS, AND SEDATIVES 1. Purpose This procedure describes the recommended use of analgesics, anesthetics, and sedatives in animals used for research and teaching on approved Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocols. Federal regulations mandate that animals undergoing potentially painful procedures be given anesthesia and/or analgesia to minimize their pain and distress. Exceptions to this are only permitted when scientific justification is included in the IACUC protocol and is approved by the ISU IACUC. 2. Scope This SOP is applicable to all ISU staff, research investigators, and technicians who provide care and/or use animals that will receive any analgesics, anesthetics, or sedatives. ISU staff, research investigators, and technicians are expected to understand the content of SOPs related to their work responsibilities. This policy is applicable to individuals from all colleges performing research-related procedures on animals. Veterinary medical and animal care procedures are outside the scope of this policy when they are unrelated to the research project and when they are performed to improve animal health or well-being or to treat an illness or injury under the direction of the Attending Veterinarian or designee. 3. General Requirements The Attending Veterinarian (AV) has the authority to ensure the provision of adequate sedation, analgesia, or anesthesia as mandated by the Animal Welfare Act and related animal care regulations. The AV or designee should therefore be directly involved in the selection of appropriate agents during protocol development. The procedures within this SOP for using analgesics, anesthetics, and sedatives are intended to assist investigators in their use of animals for research or teaching. Experimental design or special circumstances may dictate modification of dose levels or agents/methods Office for Responsible Research Page 1 of 31

2 outlined herein. We strongly encourage the use of pre-operative, intra-operative, and postoperative analgesics in ALL recovery surgical procedures. The ISU Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee will rely on the procedures outlined in this SOP when reviewing animal protocols and may request explanations or justifications for substantial deviations. Intravenous barbiturates (i.e., thiopental, pentobarbital) for use as an anesthetic should be administered by giving 1/3 1/2 of the total calculated dose as a bolus, followed by titration of the remaining volume to effect, if needed. Special considerations apply to late term fetal and neonatal altricial rodents (e.g., rats and mice between E15 and P7). Dosage intervals listed on tables are single doses unless otherwise noted. A veterinarian should be consulted to assist in determining the frequency and amount of drug needed for repeated dosing. Investigators who use controlled anesthetic or analgesic agents must comply with the special storage and record keeping requirements. When issued a controlled substance as defined by the U.S. Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration, the PI responsibilities are to keep the substance in a secure, locked location when not in use; record usage of the substance (see Table below); maintain the record of usage for 3 years from the date that a substance is completely used or returned to LAR; return outdated substances and Records of Usage to LAR. The ISU IACUC has a controlled substance record template available. Environmental Health and Safety is available for consultation about safety of the agent prior to use. Investigators who use anesthetic gases must follow the IACUC SOP Anesthetic Gas Usage Safety Precaution 4. Procedure A. Follow the analgesia regimens in Appendix 1 for commonly used species at Iowa State University. B. For species or agents not listed please contact LAR at larmedical@iastate.edu for a consultation to identify the appropriate analgesics and anesthetics. Office for Responsible Research Page 2 of 31

3 5. Roles and Responsibilities ISU Attending Veterinarian or Designee Investigators Be involved in the selection of appropriate agents during protocol development. If the anesthetic or analgesic used is a controlled substance, follow the required special procedures for storage and record keeping see the IACUC Controlled Substance Record Template for details. Review proper handling procedures with Environmental Health and Safety prior to the use of specific agents. Responsible for following the procedures described in this guide and the final approved IACUC protocol. 6. Definitions A. Analgesia: loss of sensitivity to painful stimulation without loss of consciousness. B. Anesthesia: loss of feeling or sensation, which is often accompanied by loss of consciousness. C. Local anesthesia: the loss of sensation to a section of the body. D. General Anesthesia: unconsciousness with adequate analgesia and muscle relaxation to allow for surgery. E. Sedation: a mild degree of central depression in a conscious but calm animal also referred to as tranquilization. F. Common Abbreviations 1. IM: intramuscular 2. IP: intraperitoneal 3. IV: intravenous 4. SQ or SC: subcutaneous 5. PO: per os means to be given by mouth or orally 6. q: every 7. bid: give medication twice a day 8. sid: give medication once a day 9. qxh or qxd: once every x hours or once every x days Office for Responsible Research Page 3 of 31

4 7. Health and Safety Information Follow SDS sheets for specific drugs for hazard control, PPE, and waste disposal. Include this information in the usage SOP. 8. Appendices Appendix 1 Analgesia Regimens 9. Forms and Templates N/A 10. References 1. Fish R.E., Brown M.J., Danneman P.J., Karas A.Z., editors. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals. 2nd Ed. New York: Academic Press; Plumb D.C. Veterinary Drug Handbook: Pocket Edition. 8th Ed. Ames: Iowa State Press.; University of British Columbia IACUC. Local Analgesia/Anesthesia for Rodents: Lidocaine/Bupivacaine/Ropivacaine. [PDF] Last Updated: 2010, Downloaded: Available from: 4. Carpenter J.W., editor. Exotic Animal Formulary. 3rd Ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders; Boston University IACUC. Anesthesia of the Neonatal Mice and Rats. [Web Page] LastUpdated: , Downloaded: ; Available from: and guidelines/anesthesia oftheneonatalmice and rats/ 6. Swindle M.M. Swine in the Laboratory. 2nd Ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press; Colditz I., Dart C. The Sheep. ANZCCART Fact Sheet [PDF] Last Updated: 2009, Downloaded: ; Available from: 8. Flecknell PA. Laboratory Animal Anaesthesia, 3 rd Ed. London: Academic Press; Carbone ET, Lindstrom KE, Diep S, Carbone L Duration of action of sustained-release buprenorphine in 2 strains of mice. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 51: Clark TS, Clark DD, Hoyt RF, Pharmacokinetic comparison of sustainedrelease and standard buprenorphine in mice. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 53: Chum HH, Jampachairsri K, McKeon GP, Yeomans DC, Pascharinsak C, Felt SA Antinociceptive effects of sustained-release buprenorphine in a model of incisional pain in rats (Rattus norvegicus). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 53: Foely OL, Liang H, Crichlow AR Evaluation of a sustained-released and standard buprenorphine for analgesia in rats. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 50: Office for Responsible Research Page 4 of 31

5 13. Wren, Geri. January Options in pain management. Bovine Veterinarian Downloaded ; Available from: Danneman, P.J., & Mandrell, T. D. (1997). Evaluation of five agents/methods for anesthesia of neonatal rats. Lab Anim. Sci. 47(4): Flecknell, P.A. (2009). Laboratory animal anesthesia, 3rd Edition. Academic Press, London. 11. Contact Information Direct questions about this document to: Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee,, , Direct questions to the Attending Veterinarian, Dr. Mary Sauer, VMD, Office for Responsible Research Page 5 of 31

6 Appendix 1 Analgesia Regimens Amphibians Amphibians - Anesthesia MS-222 (Tricaine Methanesulfonate) Immersion in MS- 222 at.1.5% Induction 5 min. Recovery min. Office for Responsible Research Page 6 of 31

7 Cattle Cattle - Injectable Anesthesia Agent Dose (mg/kg) Comments/Reference(s) Butorphanol Butorphanol mg/kg IM mg/kg IV IV or 0.1 IM or SQ IV or IM or SQ IV or 0.05 IM or SQ IV or 0.04 IM or SQ IV or 0.01 IM or SQ IV or 0.02 IM or SQ Unpredictable in cattle, may have short duration of analgesia (30 minutes) (2) For recumbent procedures; IM dosages will give longer, less intense sedation (2) For standing procedures Give first to sedate (2) Cattle - Analgesia Acetylsalicylic Acid 100mg/kg PO q12hr (aspirin) Flunixin mg/kg IV q24hr Slow (2) Phenylbutazone 5mg/kg PO q24-48hr (2) Lidocaine 1-5 ml as caudal epidural Dose based on size Office for Responsible Research Page 7 of 31

8 Dog Dog - Pre-Medications Atropine mg/kg IM,SC,IV Reduces bradycardia and hypersalivation (2) Glycopyrrolate mg/kg SC,IM Reduces bradycardia and hypersalivation (2) Acepromazine mg/kg IM,SC,IV Use lowest dose possible (2) Dog - Inhalant Anesthesia Isoflurane 1-3% maintenance Administer with a precision vaporizer and compressed oxygen Dog - Injectable Sedatives and Anesthetics Acempromazine mg/kg IM,SC,IV Use lowest dose possible (2) Midazolam mg/kg SC,IM,IV Combine with other premeds (2) Diazepam 0.5-1mg/kg IV bolus (2) Dexmedetomidine 375mcg/m2 body surface area IV or 500mcg/m2 IM See dosing table in drug package. Mcg/kg decreases as BW increases (2) mg/kg IM,IV (2) Propofol 5-6mg/kg IV induction Give to effect, slowly (2) Office for Responsible Research Page 8 of 31

9 Tiletamine/zolazepam Acepromazine Butorphanol Butorphanol Dexmedetomidine 0.1mg/kg/min maintenance of sedation mg/kg IM (diagnostics) mg/kg IM (minor procedures) mg/kg IM 0.2mg/kg IM 0.2mg/kg IM 5-7.5ug/kg IM Similar to ketamine/valium Use with atropine 0.04mg/kg to control hypersalivation.(2) (1) (1) Pentobarbitol 1-3mg/kg/hr IV slowly Chemical restraint, mechanical ventilation advised (2) Dog - Analgesia OPIOID Buprenorphine mg/kg IM,IV,SC q 6-12 hr (2) Butorphanol mg/kg IM,IV,SC q 2-4 hr (2) Tramadol (synthetic opiatelike drug) 4-10 mg/kg PO q 8-24 (2) NSAID Carprofen Meloxicam 2.2 (q12hr)-4.4 (q24hr)mg/kg PO 0.2mg/kg PO,SC q24hr, subsequent dosing at 0.1mg/kg PO,SC (2) (2) Office for Responsible Research Page 9 of 31

10 Ferret Ferret - Pre Medications Agents Dose Comments/Reference(s) Atropine 0.04mg/kg IM (1) Glycopyrrolate 0.01mg/kg IM (1) Ferret - Inhalant Anesthesia Isoflurane 1-3% maintenance Administer with a precision vaporizer and compressed oxygen Ferret - Injectable Anesthesia Acepromazine mg/kg IM (1) 2mg/kg IM, SC (1) Butorphanol Tiletamine/zolazepam 30mg/kg IM 3mg/kg IM 35mg/kg IM 5mg/kg IM 1.0mg/kg IM 3mg/kg IM 3mg/kg IM (1) (1) (1) Office for Responsible Research Page 10 of 31

11 Ferret - Analgesia OPIOID Buprenorphine NSAID mg/kg SC, IV, IM q6-8hr (1) Carprofen 1 mg/kg SC, PO q24 hr (1,4) Meloxicam 0.2mg/mg SC,PO,IM q24 hr (1,4) Office for Responsible Research Page 11 of 31

12 Gerbil Gerbil - Inhalant Anesthesia Isoflurane 3-5% induction 1-3% maintenance Administer via precision vaporizer and compressed oxygen or drop method Gerbil - Injectable Anesthesia 5-10mg/kg SC,IM (4) Diazepam 3-5mg/kg SC,IM (4) Midazolam 1-2mg/kg SC,IM (4) Acepromazine mg/kg IM (4) Diazepam 50-70mg/kg IP 2-3mg/kg IP mg/kg IP 3-5mg/kg IP (4) (4) Tiletamine/Zolazepam 50-80mg/kg IP (4) Pentobarbitol 50-90mg/kg IP (4) Gerbil - Analgesia OPIOID Buprenorphine mg/kg SC q8 hr (4) NSAID Office for Responsible Research Page 12 of 31

13 Carprofen 5mg/kg SC q24 hr (4) Meloxicam 0.5/kg SC,PO q24 hr (8) Office for Responsible Research Page 13 of 31

14 Hamster Hamster - Inhalant Anesthesia Isoflurane 3-5% induction 1-3% maintenance Administer via precision vaporizer and compressed oxygen or drop method Hamster - Injectable Anesthesia Acepromazine mg/kg IM (4) 20-40mg/kg IM IP Light/moderate sedation (4) Deep sedation (8) 1-5mg/kg IM, IP (8) 60-80mg/kg IM,IP (4) Titelamine/Zolazepam 50-80mg/kg IP (8) Hamster - Analgesia OPIOID Buprenorphine mg/kg SC q8-12 hr (4,8) NSAID Carprofen 5mg/kg SC (4) Meloxicam 1-2mg/kg SC,PO q24 hr (8) Office for Responsible Research Page 14 of 31

15 Horse Horse - Pre-Anesthetic Agent Dose Comments Atropine mg/kg IV For treatment of bradyarrhythmias (2) Horse - Inhalant Anesthesia Isoflurane 3-5% Induction 1-3% Maintenance Administer via precision vaporizer and compressed oxygen. Horse - Injectable Anesthesia Acepromazine mg/kg IM,IV Relaxation, not full sedation; caution with use in stallions (2) Guaifenesin (5%) 1.1mg/kg IV 2.2mg/kg IM 1mg/kg IV 2mg/kg IV 2ml/kg/hour CRI Standing sedation ~ 30 minutes (2) minutes; administer ketamine after relaxed from ; for recumbent procedures 1 liter guaifenesin mg ketamine + 500mg, maintenance is to effect Acepromazine mg/kg IV Caution with use of Acepromazine in stallions Office for Responsible Research Page 15 of 31

16 Romifidine mg/kg IV (slowly) Sedation minutes Detomidine mg/kg IV or IM Sedation minutes Horse - Analgesics Opioid Butorphanol 0.1mg/kg IV q3-4hrs (2) NSAIDs Flunixin 1.1mg/kg IV,IM,PO q24hr (2) Phenylbutazone mg/kg PO q12hr mg/kg IV q12hr Reduce dose when possible to lowest effective dose (2) Firocoxib 0.1 mg/kg PO q24hr (or 57 mg tablet) 0.09 mg/kg IV q24 hr Label says oral up to 14 days; IV up to 5 days, followed by 9 days oral (2) Office for Responsible Research Page 16 of 31

17 Mouse Mouse - Inhalant Anesthesia Isoflurane 3-5% induction 1-3% maintenance Administer via precision vaporizer and compressed oxygen or drop method Mouse - Injectable Anesthesia Acepromazine Midazolam Acepromazine 100 mg/kg 10 mg/kg 100mg/kg IP 5mg/kg IP 100mg/kg IP 5mg/kg IP mg/kg IP 10-20mg/kg IP 2-3mg/kg IP Surgical anesthesia (8) Immobilization/anesthesia (8) Immobilization/anesthesia (8) Surgical anesthesia (8) Pentobarbital 40-60mg/kg IP Considerable dose variation. Start at low end of dose range. Note: euthanasia dose is mg/kg or greater (8) Mouse - Analgesia OPIOID Office for Responsible Research Page 17 of 31

18 Buprenorphine mg/kg SC,IP q6-12 hr Preferred analgesic for rodents (1) Buprenorphine SR 1.0mg/kg SC q 48 hr Extended release buprenorphine (9,10) NSAID Carprofen 4-5mg/kg SC,IP q24 hr For optimal analgesia, give NSAID and buprenorphine Meloxicam 1-5mg/kg SC,PO q24 hr (4) Office for Responsible Research Page 18 of 31

19 Fetal and Neonatal Mouse and Rat (E15-P14) Fetal and Neonatal Mouse and Rat- Analgesia Buprenorphine mg/kg SC (14,15) Morphine 10mg/kg SC (14,15) Bupivicaine Local infiltration 14,15 Fetal and Neonatal Mouse and Rat- Anesthesia Isoflurane Inhalant 5% Induction, % maintenance % maintenance Vaporizers should be calibrated yearly (14,15) Pentobarbitol 30mg/kg IP Higher doses may result in significant mortality. Pentobarbital given to pregnant dams may anesthetize the fetuses. (14,15) Office for Responsible Research Page 19 of 31

20 Rabbit Rabbit - Pre-Medications Agent Dose Comments/References Glycopyrrolate 0.01mg/kg IV 0.1mg/kg SC, IM Anticholinergic of choice to use as pre-anesthetic (4,8) Acepromazine mg/kg IM Moderate sedation (1,8) Diazepam 0.5-2mg/kg IV Light to moderate sedation (8) Midazolam mg/kg IM, IV Light to moderate sedation (8) Rabbit - Inhalant Anesthesia Isoflurane 1-3% maintenance Administer with a precision vaporizer and compressed oxygen; not recommended for sole agent of induction due to potential for breath holding and distress (1) Rabbit - Injectable Anesthesia Acepromazine 50mg/kg IM 1mg/kg IM 35mg/kg IM 5mg/kg IM Surgical Anesthesia (8) Surgical Anesthesia (8) Office for Responsible Research Page 20 of 31

21 Acepromazine Dexmedetomidine 35mg/kg IM 5mg/kg IM 1.0mg/kg IM 15mg/kg IM 0.12mg/kg IM Surgical Anesthesia (8) Surgical Anesthesia (8) Pentobarbitol 20-60mg/kg IV (1) Propofol 10mg/kg IV slowly over seconds. Induction/light anesthesia only. Less effective in rabbits, higher doses (15-20mg/kg) may result in respiratory arrest (8) Rabbit - Analgesia OPIOID Buprenorphine mg/kg SC, IV q8-12 hr (1,8) NSAID Carprofen Meloxicam 1.5mg/kg PO q24 hr 2-4mg/kg SC q 24 hr mg/kg SC, PO q24 hr 0.6-1mg/kg SC, PO q24 hr (8) (4) (8) Rabbit - Local Block Analgesics Lidocaine (1-2%) 2-4mg/kg SC Onset 5-10 min, duration hr (3) Office for Responsible Research Page 21 of 31

22 Bupivicaine (0.5%) 1-2mg/kg SC Onset min, duration 4-8 hr (3) Office for Responsible Research Page 22 of 31

23 Rat Rat - Inhalant Anesthesia Isoflurane 3-5% induction 1-3% maintenance Administer via precision vaporizer and compressed oxygen or drop method Rat - Injectable Anesthesia Acepromazine Midazolam Acepromazine mg/kg IP 5-10mg/kg IP 75mg/kg IP 1-2.5mg/kg IP mg/kg IP 4-5mg/kg IP 40mg/kg IP 5mg/kg IP 1mg/kg IP Provides a good surgical plane of anesthesia for most procedures.(5,8) Immobilization/anesthesia (8) Immobilization/anesthesia (8) Surgical anesthesia (8) Pentobarbital 40-50mg/kg IP Considerable dose variation and narrow safety margin. Start at low end of dose range. Rat - Analgesia OPIOID Office for Responsible Research Page 23 of 31

24 Buprenorphine mg/kg SC,IP q6-12 hr Preferred analgesic for rodents (1,8) Buprenorphine SR 1.2mg/kg SC q 48 hr Extended release buprenorphine (11,12) NSAID Carprofen 5-10/kg SC,PO q24 hr For optimal analgesia, give NSAID and buprenorphine (1,4) Meloxicam 1-2mg/kg SC,PO q24 hr (4) Office for Responsible Research Page 24 of 31

25 Fetal and Neonatal Mouse and Rat (E15-P14) Fetal and Neonatal Mouse and Rat- Analgesia Buprenorphine mg/kg SC (14,15) Morphine 10mg/kg SC (14,15) Bupivicaine Local infiltration 14,15 Fetal and Neonatal Mouse and Rat- Anesthesia Isoflurane Inhalant 5% Induction, % maintenance % maintenance Vaporizers should be calibrated yearly (14,15) Pentobarbitol 30mg/kg IP Higher doses may result in significant mortality. Pentobarbital given to pregnant dams may anesthetize the fetuses. (14,15) Office for Responsible Research Page 25 of 31

26 Reptile Reptile - Inhalant Anesthetic Isoflurane 4-5% induction 1-3% maintenance Standard agent for reptiles but may hold their breath and resist effects of exposure to high concentrations of agent. In anesthetic chamber +/- intubated after induction. Recover in room air (not pure O2) because reptiles are stimulated to breathe by decreasing O2 levels, not increasing CO2 levels Reptile - Injectable Anesthetic Diazepam 0.2-2mg/kg IM,IV Lizards and Snakes Medetomidine 5-20mg/kg IM (lizards) 10-60mg/kg IM (snakes) mg/kg IM(lizard) mg/kg IM,IV (snake) Sedation and anesthesia is species and dose dependent. May have prolonged recovery (1-4 days) Propofol 3-5mg/kg IV Lizards and Snakes Reptile - Analgesia Dose Agent Comments/Reference(s) Buprenorphine mg/kg SQ,IM q12-24hr Lizards and snakes, for post-op analgesia Office for Responsible Research Page 26 of 31

27 Carprofen 2-4mg/kg IM,IV,SQ,PO q24-72hr Lizards and snakes Meloxicam mg/kg PO q24h Lizards and snakes Office for Responsible Research Page 27 of 31

28 Sheep and Goats Sheep & Goats - Inhalant Anesthesia Isoflurane 3-5% Induction 1-3% Maintenance Administer via precision vaporizer and compressed oxygen. Sheep & Goats - Injectable Anesthesia Acepromazine 0.02mg/kg IM Pre-anesthetic/sedative. Long duration of action. Will prolong anesthesia recovery. Not an analgesic. (1) Acepromazine Buprenorphine mg/kg IM mg/kg IM Pre-anesthetic/sedative (1,7) mg/kg IV,IM Pre-anesthetic/sedative (1,7) Diazepam Propofol 4-5mg/kg IV mg/kg IV 3-5mg/kg induction mg/kg/min CRI Induction, rapid onset, duration of effect 15 to 20 minutes allow intubation minimum regurgitation, little cardiopulmonary dysfunction (1,7) Supplementation with local anesthesia or other systemic analgesic is surgery performed (1,7,8) Sheep & Goats - Analgesia Office for Responsible Research Page 28 of 31

29 OPIOID Butorphanol mg/kg IM q2-4 hr (1) Buprenorphine NSAID mg/kg IV, IM, SC q4-6 hr (1) Carprofen 2-4mg/kg SC q24 hr (1,2,7) Flunixin mg/kg IV, IM, q 8-24 hr (2) Phenylbutazone 2-6mg/kg IV, PO q 24 hr (2) Meloxicam 0.05 mg/kg IV q 12 hrs (sheep) or q 8 hrs (goats); 2 mg/kg PO on day 1, 1 mg/kg PO on subsequent days (sheep); 0.5 mg/kg PO q24 hrs (goats) (2) Office for Responsible Research Page 29 of 31

30 Swine Swine - Pre Medications Atropine mg/kg SC,IM,IV Give minutes prior to intubation. Reduces bradycardia and hypersalivation (4) Glycopyrrolate mg/kg SC,IM Reduces bradycardia and hypersalivation (4) Swine - Inhalant Anesthesia Isoflurane 1-3% maintenance Administer with a precision vaporizer and compressed oxygen Swine - Injectable Anesthesia Acepromazine mg/kg IM,IV,SC Sedation only (1) (variable results) 10-20mg/kg IM,SC,IV 1-2.0mg/kg IM,SC,IV (1,6) 33mg/kg IM,SC (1,6) Acepromazine Dexmedetomidine 10mg/kg IM,SC,IV 0.1mg/kg IM,SC,IV (1,6) Tiletamine-Zolazepam 2-8.8mg/kg IM,SC,IV Cardiovascular and respiratory depressive effects Office for Responsible Research Page 30 of 31

31 Tiletamine-Zolazepam Tiletamine-Zolazepam Detomidine Butorphanol Propofol 4-6mg/kg IM, SC 2.2mg/kg IM, SC 4.4mg/kg IM,SC 2.2mg/kg IM, SC 2.2mg/kg IM,SC Mixture: ml/kg mg/kg IM 0.2 mg/kg IM 3-5 mg/kg IM mg/kg IV 12-20mg/kg/hr CRI last longer than anesthesia affects following administration (6) Cardiovascular and respiratory depressive effects last longer than anesthesia affects following administration (6) Same as above, less volume to inject, useful in pigs >50kgs. (6) Mix by adding 2.5 ml and 2.5 ml 100 mg/ml xylaxine to telazol powder Give detomidine and butorphanol; Give 5-10 minutes later; may reverse with 50 mg/kg atipamizole (6) (6) Swine - Analgesia OPIOID Buprenorphine mg/kg IM, SC (6,8) NSAID Meloxicam mg/kg SC, PO q24 hr (6) Flunixin 2.2 mg/kg IM (2) Office for Responsible Research Page 31 of 31

Iowa State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) Standard Operating Procedure

Iowa State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) Standard Operating Procedure Effective Date: 4-9-2014 Approved Date: 4-9-2014 Revised Date: 5-2-2018 Last Reviewed: 5-2-2018 Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee SOP ID Number: 211.04 SOP Title: Drug Formulary Institutional