Pierre-Louis Toutain, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire National veterinary School of Toulouse, France Wuhan 12/10/2015

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Pierre-Louis Toutain, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire National veterinary School of Toulouse, France Wuhan 12/10/2015"

Transcription

1 Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for amoxicillin in pigs: the setting of the PK/PD cutoff value using population kinetic and Monte Carlo Simulation Pierre-Louis Toutain, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire National veterinary School of Toulouse, France Wuhan 12/10/2015 1

2 Rremind: Glossary Breakpoint (BP) (clinical) A numerical value for S or I or R A decision (risk management) taking into account CO values & other considerations (harmonization ) Cutoffs (CO) Numerical values to decide of the BP Epidemiological or microbiological CO (CO WT ) PK/PD CO (CO PD ) Clinical CO (CO CL ) Co are computed (risk assessment) 2

3 Development of a (clinical) Breakpoint (BP) for amoxicillin Clinical BP Diameter CO WT ECOFFs CO PK/PD CO CL 3

4 The case of Amoxicillin in pigs, a time dependent AMD 4

5 PK/PD cutoff Much more simple when AUC/MIC is the appropriate index Single value for a given dose More complicate when T>MIC is the selected index Several Co pkpd values for a given dose depending of the modalities of drug administration 5

6 Co pkpk for time dependent antibiotic Relevance of the rate of absorption The 3 AUC are equal T>MIC can be very different MIC1 MIC2

7 Difficulties for amoxicillin to establish a CO pkpd Different modalities of administration Routes of administration Po, IM (formulation LA) Modalities of administration In feed (matrix effect.), pump Time dependent AMD Time>MIC depends of routes of administration, formulations. However a single BP should be decided! 7

8 Remind Actually, for all long-acting drug/formulations, AUC/MIC is the appropriate universal index 8

9 A proposal of clinical breakpoint for amoxicillin in pigs (CLSI) 9

10 Schwarz et al Vet. Microbiol. 2008: Based on pharmacological, clinical and microbiological parameters, we suggest the following clinical breakpoints for amoxicillin to be used for the classification of bacterial pathogens involved in porcine respiratory tract infections: 0.5 µg/ml for susceptible, 1.0 µg/ml for intermediate, and 2 µg/ml for resistant. This was a qualitative expert statement, not the result of any sort of computation 10

11 The limits of the CLSI determination : no PKPD Cutoff 11

12 The setting of a PK/PD cutoff 12

13 The setting of a PK/PD CO Step1 Selection of a PK/PD index predictive of clinical efficacy and/or prevention of resistance Step 2 Determination of the critical value (size) of the selected PK/PD index Step 3 Computation, for a given animal species and for all possible (not probable) MICs of the percentage (proportion) of animals able to achieve the critical value of the selected PK/PD index (computation of so-called Target Attainment Rates (or TAR) 13

14 PK/PD Index Step 1:Selection of a PK/PD index fauc 24h /MIC fcmax/mic ft>mic Rem: it was shown that for all drugs/formulations having a long half-live that AUC/MIC is the appropriate index (AU/MIC: universal index?) 14

15 Step 2: Determination of the critical value (size) of the selected PK/PD index Size of the PK/PD index Default value Experimental value Preclinical Clinical In vitro/in vivo In vivo Static/dynamic Rodents Target species 15

16 The setting of a PK/PD CO Step1 Selection of a PK/PD index predictive of clinical efficacy and/or prevention of resistance Step 2 Determination of the critical value (size) of the selected PK/PD index Step 3 Computation, for a given animal species and for all possible (not probable) MICs of the percentage (proportion) of animals able to achieve the critical value of the selected PK/PD index (computation of so-called Target Attainment Rates (or TAR) 16

17 Step 3: Computation of the TAR (%) for the critical value of the selected index for the different possible MICs (TAR are stratified by MIC) PK raw data Population modeling Monte Carlo Simulation (n=5000 animals) TAR(%) 17

18 How to get PK data for amoxicillin We need raw data not parameters from publications Raw data can be obtained: Prospectively New AMD Retrospectively For old AMD, only historical data Old and often of poor quality but for bioequivalence trials Data kindly provided by 3 drug French companies plus an academic lab. 18

19 Step 3: Computation of the TAR (%) for the critical value of the selected index for the different possible MICs (TAR are stratified by MIC) PK raw data Population modeling Monte Carlo Simulation (n=5000 animals) TAR(%) 19

20 Step 1:Population PK meta-analysis of amoxicillin in pigs 20

21 Data: N=191 individual curves (rich data) from 4 lab corresponding to 8 formulations Routes Sources IV oral IM Total

22 The IV data Allowed to bridge data from different sources To ensure a lack of analytical bias To determine the model of disposition 22

23 Amoxicillin: raw data N=80 N=40 IM; company 2; 15mg/kg;LOQ=25ng/ml; Oral (premix); company 3 20mg/kg;LOQ=25ng/mL; 23

24 Plasma concentration of amoxicillin in pigs (oral route; the 4 companies) For visual inspection, Concentrations scaled to a nominal dose of 20mg/kg 24

25 Data analyzed and simulations performed with Monolix software 25

26 PK models: oral route K0 (zero order) Parametrisation in terms of clearance and volumes Log normal distribution Residual: proportional Only the site as covariate (β) 26

27 PK models: oral route (Goodness of the fit) Censored model (take into account LOQ) Visual Predictive Check (VPC ) Pop 90% prediction interval 27

28 Observations PK models: oral route (Overall Goodness of the fit) The observations are plotted vs. the population and individual prediction respectively Data point evenly around the line of identity Left plot: Scatter is influenced by how we model interanimal variability(η (0, ω)) Pop pred Ind pred f (, ) f, ˆ ) t ij ( t ij i 28

29 PK models: oral route (parameters estimates) Parametrisation in terms of clearance and volumes K0 (zero order) Cl=3.08 Cl formulation2=3.08xexp(-0.671) CV% 29

30 PK models: IM route Ka No flip-flop Ka1 Ka2 Flip-flop 30

31 PK models: IM route (Goodness of the fit) VPC Arithmetic vs. log plot 31

32 Step 2:Monte Carlo Simulations (oral route) Computation of the time for which free plasma concentration are above MIC from MIC ranging from to 4µg/mL for different dosage regimen 32

33 Monte Carlo Simulations: oral route Pop parameters + Binding:17%; 1000 pigs per run Total dose (mg/kg) Number of administrations Infusion Intervals Over 15h 33

34 Monte Carlo Simulations: oral route 10 mg/kg & single dose Exemple: only 36.8% of pigs above plasma free concentration of µg/mL for a single 10 mg/kg dose of amoxicillin 34

35 Monte Carlo Simulations: oral route 6.7 mg/kg, 3 times at 5.5h interval 35

36 Step 3: Computation of the TAR (%) for the critical value of the selected index for the different possible MICs (TAR are stratified by MIC) PK raw data Population modeling Monte Carlo Simulation (n=5000 animals) TAR(%) 36

37 Step 2:Monte Carlo Simulations (oral route) Computation of the time for which free plasma concentration are above MIC from to 4µg/mL for different dosage regimen 37

38 Monte Carlo Simulations: oral route Influence of the total dose (10 to 40 mg/kg per 24h) and its splitting (1 to 4 administration vs infusion over 15h) on the TAR (90% of pigs above a MIC over 40% of the dosage interval e.g: for a total dose of 20mg/kg (4x5mg/kg at 3h interval), 89.94% of pigs are able to achieve the PK/PD breakpoint Mic values (µg/ml) Splitting

39 Monte Carlo Simulations: oral route Conclusion With the current recommended oral dosage regimen (20 mg/kg) and for an optimal modality of administration (splitting the dose over 12h), the critical MIC is of 0.25µg/mL for the oral route of administration 39

40 Amoxicilline Conclusion from MCS The investigated PK/PD breakpoint are: For oral route (20 mg/kg, : 0.25µg/mL For IM route (30mg/kg) : µg/ml 40

41 Discussion and issues raised by the present results 41

42 Some questions raised by this MCS 1-Why the current BP seems to satisfy clinicians? Our PK/PD concepts need to be challenged The PK/PD concept are sound but BP value betalactams (Time >MIC of 40% for 90% of pigs ) is not appropriate for our clinical conditions (prophylaxis, metaphylaxis (control)? Because susceptibility testing are useless to help clinicians to take a decision 42

43 Some questions raised by this MCS 3-Do we have to revise the current dosage regimen of amoxicillin in pigs (i.e to increase the dose)? If yes, what would be the consequence in terms of food safety, impact on gut flora etc 43

44 Development of a (clinical) Breakpoint (BP) for amoxicillin Clinical BP Diameter CO WT ECOFFs CO PK/PD CO CL 44

45 Disk diffusion zone diameter Disk diffusion zone diameter correlates were estimated using the error ratebounded method described by CLSI and implemented in the dbets online software ( 45

46 Determining zone diameter breakpoints 46

47 Regression line between diameters and MIC MIC (µg/ml) Ampicillin 10 µg Lorian, p Zone diameters (mm) Large scatter around the line due to lack of precision of diameters 47

48 Rules of decision to classify inhibitory diameter zona (error rate-bounded method) MIC µg/ml >25 Major error Not accepted Susceptible resistant False resistant Minor error accepted false susceptible True susceptible <0.05 R S I diametre (mm 48

49 Clinical validation of BP as a test 49

50 Clinical success & value of susceptibility test 50

51 51

52 Conclusions Methods to establish PK/PD cutoff now well established The critical point in veterinary mediine is to select the PK/PD index The future could be to work with AUC/MIC as an universal index 52

In the context of the emergence of AMR, the rational

In the context of the emergence of AMR, the rational Use of Monte Carlo simulation to determine pharmacodynamic cutoffs of amoxicillin to establish a breakpoint for antimicrobial susceptibility testing in pigs Julien F. Rey, DVM; Céline M. Laffont, PhD;

More information

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS The European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products Veterinary Medicines and Inspections EMEA/CVMP/627/01-FINAL COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS GUIDELINE FOR THE DEMONSTRATION OF EFFICACY

More information

Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics

Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics November 28, 2007 George P. Allen, Pharm.D. Assistant Professor, Pharmacy Practice OSU College of Pharmacy at OHSU Objectives Become familiar with PD parameters what they

More information

POPULATION PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF OFLOXACIN IN SOUTH AFRICAN PATIENTS WITH DRUG- RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS

POPULATION PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF OFLOXACIN IN SOUTH AFRICAN PATIENTS WITH DRUG- RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS POPULATION PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF OFLOXACIN IN SOUTH AFRICAN PATIENTS WITH DRUG- RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS Emmanuel Chigutsa 1, Sandra Meredith 1, Lubbe Wiesner 1, Nesri Padayatchi 2, Joe

More information

Why we perform susceptibility testing

Why we perform susceptibility testing 22 nd June 2015 Why we perform susceptibility testing Robin A Howe Antimicrobial use in Primary Care Why do we perform AST? Clinical Clinical Prediction Prediction of of Efficacy Efficacy Why do we perform

More information

Percent Time Above MIC ( T MIC)

Percent Time Above MIC ( T MIC) 8 2007 Percent Time Above MIC ( T MIC) 18 8 25 18 12 18 MIC 1 1 T MIC 1 500 mg, 1 2 (500 mg 2) T MIC: 30 (TA30 ) 71.9 59.3 T MIC: 50 (TA50 ) 21.5, 0.1 1,000 mg 2 TA30 80.5, 68.7 TA50 53.2, 2.7 500 mg 3

More information

The pharmacological and microbiological basis of PK/PD : why did we need to invent PK/PD in the first place? Paul M. Tulkens

The pharmacological and microbiological basis of PK/PD : why did we need to invent PK/PD in the first place? Paul M. Tulkens The pharmacological and microbiological basis of PK/PD : why did we need to invent PK/PD in the first place? Paul M. Tulkens Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology Unit Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels,

More information

COMMITTEE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR VETERINARY USE (CVMP) REVISED GUIDELINE ON THE SPC FOR ANTIMICROBIAL PRODUCTS

COMMITTEE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR VETERINARY USE (CVMP) REVISED GUIDELINE ON THE SPC FOR ANTIMICROBIAL PRODUCTS European Medicines Agency Veterinary Medicines and Inspections London, 12 November 2007 EMEA/CVMP/SAGAM/383441/2005 COMMITTEE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR VETERINARY USE (CVMP) REVISED GUIDELINE ON THE SPC

More information

Recommended for Implementation at Step 7 of the VICH Process on 15 December 2004 by the VICH Steering Committee

Recommended for Implementation at Step 7 of the VICH Process on 15 December 2004 by the VICH Steering Committee VICH GL27 (ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE: PRE-APPROVAL) December 2003 For implementation at Step 7 - Final GUIDANCE ON PRE-APPROVAL INFORMATION FOR REGISTRATION OF NEW VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR FOOD

More information

Animal models and PK/PD. Examples with selected antibiotics

Animal models and PK/PD. Examples with selected antibiotics Animal models and PK/PD PD Examples with selected antibiotics Examples of animal models Amoxicillin Amoxicillin-clavulanate Macrolides Quinolones Andes D, Craig WA. AAC 199, :375 Amoxicillin in mouse thigh

More information

Towards Rational International Antibiotic Breakpoints: Actions from the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)

Towards Rational International Antibiotic Breakpoints: Actions from the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) Towards Rational International Antibiotic Breakpoints: Actions from the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) A report to ISC presented by Paul M. Tulkens representative of

More information

a. 379 laboratories provided quantitative results, e.g (DD method) to 35.4% (MIC method) of all participants; see Table 2.

a. 379 laboratories provided quantitative results, e.g (DD method) to 35.4% (MIC method) of all participants; see Table 2. AND QUANTITATIVE PRECISION (SAMPLE UR-01, 2017) Background and Plan of Analysis Sample UR-01 (2017) was sent to API participants as a simulated urine culture for recognition of a significant pathogen colony

More information

Introduction to Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

Introduction to Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Introduction to Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Diane M. Cappelletty, Pharm.D. Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice Wayne State University August, 2001 Vocabulary Clearance Renal elimination:

More information

IMPORTANCE OF GLOBAL HARMONIZATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING IN CANADA FOR DEFINING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

IMPORTANCE OF GLOBAL HARMONIZATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING IN CANADA FOR DEFINING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IMPORTANCE OF GLOBAL HARMONIZATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING IN CANADA FOR DEFINING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE Robert P. Rennie Professor Emeritus Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University

More information

Building a Better Mousetrap for Nosocomial Drug-resistant Bacteria: use of available resources to optimize the antimicrobial strategy

Building a Better Mousetrap for Nosocomial Drug-resistant Bacteria: use of available resources to optimize the antimicrobial strategy Building a Better Mousetrap for Nosocomial Drug-resistant Bacteria: use of available resources to optimize the antimicrobial strategy Leonardo Pagani MD Director Unit for Hospital Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

More information

Towards Rational International Antibiotic Breakpoints: Actions from the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)

Towards Rational International Antibiotic Breakpoints: Actions from the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) Towards Rational International Antibiotic Breakpoints: Actions from the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) and some personal thinking Paul M. Tulkens Representative of

More information

Should we test Clostridium difficile for antimicrobial resistance? by author

Should we test Clostridium difficile for antimicrobial resistance? by author Should we test Clostridium difficile for antimicrobial resistance? Paola Mastrantonio Department of Infectious Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome,Italy Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) (first

More information

Application of Pharmacokinetics/ Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) in Designing Effective Antibiotic Treatment Regimens

Application of Pharmacokinetics/ Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) in Designing Effective Antibiotic Treatment Regimens Chapman University Chapman University Digital Commons Pharmacy Faculty Books and Book Chapters School of Pharmacy 4-20-2012 Application of Pharmacokinetics/ Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) in Designing Effective

More information

ETX2514SUL (sulbactam/etx2514) for the treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii infections

ETX2514SUL (sulbactam/etx2514) for the treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii infections ETX2514SUL (sulbactam/etx2514) for the treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii infections Robin Isaacs Chief Medical Officer, Entasis Therapeutics Dr. Isaacs is a full-time employee of Entasis Therapeutics.

More information

Systemic Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Issues

Systemic Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Issues Systemic Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Issues Pierre Moine Department of Anesthesiology University of Colorado Denver 3 rd International Conference on Surgery and Anesthesia OMICs Group Conference The Surgical

More information

Background and Plan of Analysis

Background and Plan of Analysis ENTEROCOCCI Background and Plan of Analysis UR-11 (2017) was sent to API participants as a simulated urine culture for recognition of a significant pathogen colony count, to perform the identification

More information

DISCLAIMER: ECHO Nevada emphasizes patient privacy and asks participants to not share ANY Protected Health Information during ECHO clinics.

DISCLAIMER: ECHO Nevada emphasizes patient privacy and asks participants to not share ANY Protected Health Information during ECHO clinics. DISCLAIMER: Video will be taken at this clinic and potentially used in Project ECHO promotional materials. By attending this clinic, you consent to have your photo taken and allow Project ECHO to use this

More information

CHAPTER:1 THE RATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS. BY Mrs. K.SHAILAJA., M. PHARM., LECTURER DEPT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, SRM COLLEGE OF PHARMACY

CHAPTER:1 THE RATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS. BY Mrs. K.SHAILAJA., M. PHARM., LECTURER DEPT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, SRM COLLEGE OF PHARMACY CHAPTER:1 THE RATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS BY Mrs. K.SHAILAJA., M. PHARM., LECTURER DEPT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, SRM COLLEGE OF PHARMACY Antibiotics One of the most commonly used group of drugs In USA 23

More information

Defining Resistance and Susceptibility: What S, I, and R Mean to You

Defining Resistance and Susceptibility: What S, I, and R Mean to You Defining Resistance and Susceptibility: What S, I, and R Mean to You Michael D. Apley, DVM, PhD, DACVCP Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Kansas State University Susceptible

More information

SZENT ISTVÁN UNIVERSITY. Doctoral School of Veterinary Science

SZENT ISTVÁN UNIVERSITY. Doctoral School of Veterinary Science SZENT ISTVÁN UNIVERSITY Doctoral School of Veterinary Science Comparative pharmacokinetics of the amoxicillinclavulanic acid combination in broiler chickens and turkeys, susceptibility and stability tests

More information

DETERMINING CORRECT DOSING REGIMENS OF ANTIBIOTICS BASED ON THE THEIR BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY*

DETERMINING CORRECT DOSING REGIMENS OF ANTIBIOTICS BASED ON THE THEIR BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY* 44 DETERMINING CORRECT DOSING REGIMENS OF ANTIBIOTICS BASED ON THE THEIR BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY* AUTHOR: Cecilia C. Maramba-Lazarte, MD, MScID University of the Philippines College of Medicine-Philippine

More information

Principles and Practice of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Microbiology Technical Workshop 25 th September 2013

Principles and Practice of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Microbiology Technical Workshop 25 th September 2013 Principles and Practice of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Microbiology Technical Workshop 25 th September 2013 Scope History Why Perform Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing? How to Perform an Antimicrobial

More information

ANTIMICROBIAL PRESCRIBING Optimization through Drug Dosing and MIC

ANTIMICROBIAL PRESCRIBING Optimization through Drug Dosing and MIC ANTIMICROBIAL PRESCRIBING Optimization through Drug Dosing and MIC PREFACE INTRODUCTION The wide use and frequent misuse of antimicrobials in all countries has resulted in the emergence of drug resistance,

More information

Sustaining an Antimicrobial Stewardship

Sustaining an Antimicrobial Stewardship Sustaining an Antimicrobial Stewardship Much needless expense, untoward effect, harm and disappointment can be prevented by better judgment in the use of antimicrobials Whitney A. Jones, PharmD Antimicrobial

More information

ESCMID Online Lecture Library. by author

ESCMID Online Lecture Library. by author Treatment of community-acquired meningitis including difficult to treat organisms like penicillinresistant pneumococci and guidelines (ID perspective) Stefan Zimmerli, MD Institute for Infectious Diseases

More information

PK/PD to fight resistance

PK/PD to fight resistance PK/PD to fight resistance Eradicate Abnormal bacteria Mutations Efflux pumps Mutation-Preventing Concentration Breakpoint values for T > MIC and in practice With the support of Wallonie-Bruxelles-International

More information

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antimicrobials in the Critically Ill Patient

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antimicrobials in the Critically Ill Patient Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antimicrobials in the Critically Ill Patient Rania El-Lababidi, Pharm.D., BCPS (AQ-ID), AAHIVP Manager, Pharmacy Education and Training Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi

More information

Contribution of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of antibiotics in the treatment of resistant bacterial infections

Contribution of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of antibiotics in the treatment of resistant bacterial infections Contribution of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of antibiotics in the treatment of resistant bacterial infections Francois JEHL Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology University Hospital Strasbourg

More information

Using Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the efficacy of six antimicrobials against Mycoplasma gallisepticum.

Using Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the efficacy of six antimicrobials against Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Research Article http://www.alliedacademies.org/veterinary-medicine-and-allied-science/ Using Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the efficacy of six antimicrobials against Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Fang

More information

Streptococcus pneumoniae. Oxacillin 1 µg as screen for beta-lactam resistance

Streptococcus pneumoniae. Oxacillin 1 µg as screen for beta-lactam resistance Streptococcus pneumoniae Oxacillin µg as screen for beta-lactam resistance Version 6. June Streptococcus pneumoniae and zone diameter correlates The following histograms present inhibition zone diameter

More information

Susceptibility Breakpoint of Enrofloxacin against Swine. Salmonella spp

Susceptibility Breakpoint of Enrofloxacin against Swine. Salmonella spp JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 19 June 2013 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.01096-13 Copyright 2013, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Development of Susceptibility

More information

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS The European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products Veterinary Medicines and Information Technology EMEA/MRL/728/00-FINAL April 2000 COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS STREPTOMYCIN AND

More information

Other β-lactamase Inhibitor (BLI) Combinations: Focus on VNRX-5133, WCK 5222 and ETX2514SUL

Other β-lactamase Inhibitor (BLI) Combinations: Focus on VNRX-5133, WCK 5222 and ETX2514SUL Other β-lactamase Inhibitor (BLI) Combinations: Focus on VNRX-5133, WCK 5222 and ETX2514SUL David P. Nicolau, PharmD, FCCP, FIDSA Director, Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development Hartford Hospital

More information

Understanding the Hospital Antibiogram

Understanding the Hospital Antibiogram Understanding the Hospital Antibiogram Sharon Erdman, PharmD Clinical Professor Purdue University College of Pharmacy Infectious Diseases Clinical Pharmacist Eskenazi Health 5 Understanding the Hospital

More information

Jerome J Schentag, Pharm D

Jerome J Schentag, Pharm D Clinical Pharmacy and Optimization of Antibiotic Usage: How to Use what you have Learned in Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antibiotics Jerome J Schentag, Pharm D Presented at UCL on Thursday

More information

Laboratory determination of the susceptibility to antibiotics of bacteria isolated from aquatic animals Peter Smith

Laboratory determination of the susceptibility to antibiotics of bacteria isolated from aquatic animals Peter Smith FMM/RAS/298: Strengthening capacities, policies and national action plans on prudent and responsible use of antimicrobials in fisheries Laboratory determination of the susceptibility to antibiotics of

More information

BSAC antimicrobial susceptibility

BSAC antimicrobial susceptibility BSAC antimicrobial susceptibility testing - from Stokes to European harmonization to world? Derek Brown 23 March 2011 BSAC antimicrobial susceptibility testing ti pre-working Party BSAC meetings from the

More information

Summary of Product Characteristics

Summary of Product Characteristics Summary of Product Characteristics 1 NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Amphen 200 mg/g Granules for use in drinking water for pigs 2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Each g contains: Active

More information

COMMITTEE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR VETERINARY USE

COMMITTEE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR VETERINARY USE European Medicines Agency Veterinary Medicines and Inspections EMEA/CVMP/211249/2005-FINAL July 2005 COMMITTEE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR VETERINARY USE DIHYDROSTREPTOMYCIN (Extrapolation to all ruminants)

More information

ZOETIS INC. 333 PORTAGE STREET, KALAMAZOO, MI, Telephone: Customer Service: Website: EXCEDE FOR SWINE

ZOETIS INC. 333 PORTAGE STREET, KALAMAZOO, MI, Telephone: Customer Service: Website:  EXCEDE FOR SWINE ZOETIS INC. 333 PORTAGE STREET, KALAMAZOO, MI, 49007 Telephone: 269-359-4414 Customer Service: 888-963-8471 Website: www.zoetis.com Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information

More information

Sales survey of Veterinary Medicinal Products containing Antimicrobials in France

Sales survey of Veterinary Medicinal Products containing Antimicrobials in France Sales survey of Veterinary Medicinal Products containing Antimicrobials in France - 2009 February 2011 Édition scientifique Sales survey of Veterinary Medicinal Products containing Antimicrobials in France

More information

OPTIMIZATION OF PK/PD OF ANTIBIOTICS FOR RESISTANT GRAM-NEGATIVE ORGANISMS

OPTIMIZATION OF PK/PD OF ANTIBIOTICS FOR RESISTANT GRAM-NEGATIVE ORGANISMS HTIDE CONFERENCE 2018 OPTIMIZATION OF PK/PD OF ANTIBIOTICS FOR RESISTANT GRAM-NEGATIVE ORGANISMS FEDERICO PEA INSTITUTE OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF UDINE, ITALY SANTA

More information

Antibiotics use and Considerations: Calves and Heifers CLASSIFICATION OF CALVES. Danielle A. Mzyk TITLE 24 PT. ARIAL BOLD ALL CAPS

Antibiotics use and Considerations: Calves and Heifers CLASSIFICATION OF CALVES. Danielle A. Mzyk TITLE 24 PT. ARIAL BOLD ALL CAPS CALF AND HEIFER CONGRESS - 2016 Antibiotics use and Considerations: Calves and Heifers Danielle A. Mzyk TITLE 24 PT. ARIAL BOLD ALL CAPS Today s Presentation Classification of Calves Define Preruminant

More information

DETERMINANTS OF TARGET NON- ATTAINMENT IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS RECEIVING β-lactams

DETERMINANTS OF TARGET NON- ATTAINMENT IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS RECEIVING β-lactams DETERMINANTS OF TARGET NON- ATTAINMENT IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS RECEIVING β-lactams Jan J. De Waele MD PhD Surgical ICU Ghent University Hospital Ghent, Belgium Disclosures Financial: consultancy for

More information

Optimising treatment based on PK/PD principles

Optimising treatment based on PK/PD principles Optimising treatment based on PK/PD principles Paul M. Tulkens Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology & Center for Clinical Pharmacy Louvain Drug Research Institute Catholic University of Louvain Brussels,

More information

January 2014 Vol. 34 No. 1

January 2014 Vol. 34 No. 1 January 2014 Vol. 34 No. 1. and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Interpretive Standards for Testing Conditions Medium: diffusion: Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) roth dilution: cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton

More information

مادة االدوية المرحلة الثالثة م. غدير حاتم محمد

مادة االدوية المرحلة الثالثة م. غدير حاتم محمد م. مادة االدوية المرحلة الثالثة م. غدير حاتم محمد 2017-2016 ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS Antimicrobial drugs Lecture 1 Antimicrobial Drugs Chemotherapy: The use of drugs to treat a disease. Antimicrobial drugs:

More information

CHSPSC, LLC Antimicrobial Stewardship Education Series

CHSPSC, LLC Antimicrobial Stewardship Education Series CHSPSC, LLC Antimicrobial Stewardship Education Series March 8, 2017 Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics of Antibiotics: Refresher Part 1 Featured Speaker: Larry Danziger, Pharm.D. Professor of Pharmacy

More information

The Nuts and Bolts of Antibiograms in Long-Term Care Facilities

The Nuts and Bolts of Antibiograms in Long-Term Care Facilities The Nuts and Bolts of Antibiograms in Long-Term Care Facilities J. Kristie Johnson, Ph.D., D(ABMM) Professor, Department of Pathology University of Maryland School of Medicine Director, Microbiology Laboratories

More information

Prophylactic antibiotic timing and dosage. Dr. Sanjeev Singh AIMS, Kochi

Prophylactic antibiotic timing and dosage. Dr. Sanjeev Singh AIMS, Kochi Prophylactic antibiotic timing and dosage Dr. Sanjeev Singh AIMS, Kochi Meaning - Webster Medical Definition of prophylaxis plural pro phy lax es \-ˈlak-ˌsēz\play : measures designed to preserve health

More information

CARBAPENEM RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIACEAE (KPC CRE)

CARBAPENEM RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIACEAE (KPC CRE) CARBAPENEM RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIACEAE (KPC CRE) Bartsch SM et al. Potential economic burden of carbapenem-resistent Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in the United States. Clin Microbiol Infect 2017;23(1):48e9-e16.

More information

TREAT Steward. Antimicrobial Stewardship software with personalized decision support

TREAT Steward. Antimicrobial Stewardship software with personalized decision support TREAT Steward TM Antimicrobial Stewardship software with personalized decision support ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP - Interdisciplinary actions to improve patient care Quality Assurance The aim of antimicrobial

More information

2017 Introduction to Infectious Diseases Clinical Seminar Saturday 30th September - Sunday 1st October 2017 Hotel Grand Chancellor Hobart, Tasmania

2017 Introduction to Infectious Diseases Clinical Seminar Saturday 30th September - Sunday 1st October 2017 Hotel Grand Chancellor Hobart, Tasmania 2017 Introduction to Infectious Diseases Clinical Seminar Saturday 30th September - Sunday 1st October 2017 Hotel Grand Chancellor Hobart, Tasmania Day 1: Saturday 30 th September 2017 09:00 09:20 Registration

More information

parameters were enhanced to develop new antimicrobial formulations CONSIDERATIONS IN ANTIMICROBIAL SELECTION Using animal models and human data, PK an

parameters were enhanced to develop new antimicrobial formulations CONSIDERATIONS IN ANTIMICROBIAL SELECTION Using animal models and human data, PK an Overview of Newer Antimicrobial Formulations for Overcoming Pneumococcal Resistance William A Craig, MD The pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profile of an antimicrobial agent provides important

More information

Rational use of antibiotics

Rational use of antibiotics Rational use of antibiotics Uga Dumpis MD, PhD,, DTM Stradins University Hospital Riga, Latvia ugadumpis@stradini.lv BALTICCARE CONFERENCE, PSKOV, 16-18.03, 18.03, 2006 Why to use antibiotics? Prophylaxis

More information

Refusal EPAR for Naxcel

Refusal EPAR for Naxcel 08 November 2012 EMA/CVMP/746112/2012 Veterinary Medicine and Product Data Management Type II variation (EMEA/V/C/000079/II/0013) Scope of variation: Addition of a new indication for the treatment of bovine

More information

THIS ARTICLE IS SPONSORED BY THE MINNESOTA DAIRY HEALTH CONFERENCE.

THIS ARTICLE IS SPONSORED BY THE MINNESOTA DAIRY HEALTH CONFERENCE. THIS ARTICLE IS SPONSORED BY THE MINNESOTA DAIRY HEALTH CONFERENCE. ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA UNITED STATES OF MINNESOTA Clinical Pharmacology - Reasonable and Not-So-Reasonable Applications in Dairy Cattle

More information

What is new in 2011: Methods and breakpoints in relation to subcommittees and expert groups. by author. Gunnar Kahlmeter, Derek Brown

What is new in 2011: Methods and breakpoints in relation to subcommittees and expert groups. by author. Gunnar Kahlmeter, Derek Brown What is new in 2011: Methods and breakpoints in relation to subcommittees and expert groups Gunnar Kahlmeter, Derek Brown Izmir, February 2011 Anaerobes subcommittee EUCAST Subcommittee on breakpoints

More information

Comparative studies on pulse and continuous oral norfloxacin treatment in broilers and turkeys. Géza Sárközy

Comparative studies on pulse and continuous oral norfloxacin treatment in broilers and turkeys. Géza Sárközy Comparative studies on pulse and continuous oral norfloxacin treatment in broilers and turkeys Géza Sárközy Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Veterinary Science Szent István University

More information

2017 Introduction to Infectious Diseases Clinical Seminar Saturday 30th September - Sunday 1st October 2017 Hotel Grand Chancellor Hobart, Tasmania

2017 Introduction to Infectious Diseases Clinical Seminar Saturday 30th September - Sunday 1st October 2017 Hotel Grand Chancellor Hobart, Tasmania 2017 Introduction to Infectious Diseases Clinical Seminar Saturday 30th September - Sunday 1st October 2017 Hotel Grand Chancellor Hobart, Tasmania Day 1: Saturday 30 th September 2017 Time Topic/Activity

More information

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS The European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products Veterinary Medicines Evaluation Unit EMEA/MRL/389/98-FINAL July 1998 COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS ENROFLOXACIN (extension to

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. Active substance: cefalexin (as cefalexin monohydrate) mg

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. Active substance: cefalexin (as cefalexin monohydrate) mg SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Cefaseptin 750 mg tablets for dogs 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One tablet contains: Active substance: cefalexin

More information

SELECT NEWS. Florfenicol Monograph: Injectable Therapy for Cattle

SELECT NEWS. Florfenicol Monograph: Injectable Therapy for Cattle SELECT NEWS Florfenicol Monograph: Injectable Therapy for Cattle Did you know that? Florfenicol is one of the most powerful antibiotics currently available in veterinary medicine with one of the lowest

More information

UNDERSTANDING YOUR DATA: THE ANTIBIOGRAM

UNDERSTANDING YOUR DATA: THE ANTIBIOGRAM UNDERSTANDING YOUR DATA: THE ANTIBIOGRAM April Abbott, PhD, D(ABMM) Deaconess Health System Evansville, IN April.Abbott@Deaconess.com Special thanks to Dr. Shelley Miller for UCLA data WHAT WE WILL COVER

More information

Antibiotic Kinetic and Dynamic Attributes for Community-Acquired Respiratory Tract Infections

Antibiotic Kinetic and Dynamic Attributes for Community-Acquired Respiratory Tract Infections ...PRESENTATIONS... Antibiotic Kinetic and Dynamic Attributes for Community-Acquired Respiratory Tract Infections David P. Nicolau, PharmD Presentation Summary Factors, including the age of the treatment

More information

Effective 9/25/2018. Contact for previous versions.

Effective 9/25/2018. Contact for previous versions. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Dose Optimization of Antibiotics (β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and ciprofloxacin) for the Treatment of Gram-Negative Infections Adult Inpatient/Emergency Department Clinical

More information

PBPK/PD Modeling and Simulations to Guide Dose Recommendation of Amlodipine with Viekirax or Viekira Pak

PBPK/PD Modeling and Simulations to Guide Dose Recommendation of Amlodipine with Viekirax or Viekira Pak PBPK/PD Modeling and Simulations to Guide Dose Recommendation of Amlodipine with Viekirax or Viekira Pak Dwaipayan Mukherjee, Ph.D. Jiuhong Zha, Ph.D. Rajeev Menon, Ph.D. Mohamad Shebley, Ph.D. Clinical

More information

International Journal of Advances in Pharmacy and Biotechnology Vol.3, Issue-2, 2017, 1-7 Research Article Open Access.

International Journal of Advances in Pharmacy and Biotechnology Vol.3, Issue-2, 2017, 1-7 Research Article Open Access. I J A P B International Journal of Advances in Pharmacy and Biotechnology Vol.3, Issue-2, 2017, 1-7 Research Article Open Access. ISSN: 2454-8375 COMPARISON OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND MIC OF BRANDED

More information

European Public MRL assessment report (EPMAR)

European Public MRL assessment report (EPMAR) 18 March 2016 EMA/CVMP/619817/2015 Committee for Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use European Public MRL assessment report (EPMAR) Gentamicin (all mammalian food producing species and fin fish) On 3

More information

SELECT NEWS. Florfenicol Monograph: Injectable & Oral Therapy for Swine

SELECT NEWS. Florfenicol Monograph: Injectable & Oral Therapy for Swine SELECT NEWS Florfenicol Monograph: Injectable & Oral Therapy for Swine Did you know that? Florfenicol is one of the most powerful antibiotics currently available in veterinary medicine with one of the

More information

17 th Club Phase 1 Annual Meeting April 5, Pierre Maison-Blanche Hopital Bichat, Paris, France

17 th Club Phase 1 Annual Meeting April 5, Pierre Maison-Blanche Hopital Bichat, Paris, France Practical Issues for the clinical evaluation of QT/QTc interval prolongation 17 th Club Phase 1 Annual Meeting April 5, 2018 Pierre Maison-Blanche Hopital Bichat, Paris, France Disclosure Chiesi Pharmaceuticals

More information

crippling production of the bacterial cell wall that protects the cell from the external environment PS

crippling production of the bacterial cell wall that protects the cell from the external environment PS Antibiotic Selection and Use in Cattle Dee Griffin DVM MS, Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Center, Canyon, TX 79016 Antibiotic use in food animals is increasingly scrutinized Much of the world s antibiotic

More information

by author ESCMID Online Lecture Library EUCAST The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing September 2010

by author ESCMID Online Lecture Library EUCAST The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing September 2010 EUCAST The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing September 2010 Gunnar Kahlmeter Chairman of EUCAST Terms and acronyms AST Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing MIC Minimum Inhibitory

More information

Abstract... i. Committee Membership... iii. Foreword... vii. 1 Scope Definitions... 1

Abstract... i. Committee Membership... iii. Foreword... vii. 1 Scope Definitions... 1 Vol. 28 No. 7 Replaces M37-A2 Vol. 22 No. 7 Development of In Vitro Susceptibility Testing Criteria and Quality Control Parameters for Veterinary Antimicrobial Agents; Approved Guideline Third Edition

More information

Baytril 100 (enrofloxacin) Injectable is FDA-approved for BRD control (metaphylaxis) in high-risk cattle.

Baytril 100 (enrofloxacin) Injectable is FDA-approved for BRD control (metaphylaxis) in high-risk cattle. Baytril 100 (enrofloxacin) Injectable is FDA-approved for BRD control (metaphylaxis) in high-risk cattle. Whether controlling or treating BRD, it s important to kill bacteria to let the calf s immune system

More information

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: The Basics

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: The Basics Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: The Basics Susan E. Sharp, Ph.D., DABMM, FAAM Director, Airport Way Regional Laboratory Director, Regional Microbiology and Molecular Infectious Diseases Laboratories

More information

Keywords: amoxicillin/clavulanate, respiratory tract infection, antimicrobial resistance, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, appropriate prescribing

Keywords: amoxicillin/clavulanate, respiratory tract infection, antimicrobial resistance, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, appropriate prescribing Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2004) 53, Suppl. S1, i3 i20 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkh050 Augmentin (amoxicillin/clavulanate) in the treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infection: a review

More information

ENTEROCOCCI. April Abbott Deaconess Health System Evansville, IN

ENTEROCOCCI. April Abbott Deaconess Health System Evansville, IN ENTEROCOCCI April Abbott Deaconess Health System Evansville, IN OBJECTIVES Discuss basic antimicrobial susceptibility principles and resistance mechanisms for Enterococcus Describe issues surrounding AST

More information

IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF ENROFLOXACIN DETERMINED BY TIME-KILLING CURVES ANALYSIS

IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF ENROFLOXACIN DETERMINED BY TIME-KILLING CURVES ANALYSIS Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine (2010), 13, No 4, 218 226 IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF ENROFLOXACIN DETERMINED BY TIME-KILLING CURVES ANALYSIS Summary A. M. HARITOVA 1 & N. V. RUSSENOVA 2

More information

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella, 2016

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella, 2016 susceptibility of Salmonella, 06 Hospital and community laboratories are requested to refer all Salmonella isolated from human salmonellosis cases to ESR for serotyping and the laboratory-based surveillance

More information

Curricular Components for Infectious Diseases EPA

Curricular Components for Infectious Diseases EPA Curricular Components for Infectious Diseases EPA 1. EPA Title Promoting antimicrobial stewardship based on microbiological principles 2. Description of the A key role for subspecialists is to utilize

More information

EXCEDE Sterile Suspension

EXCEDE Sterile Suspension VIAL LABEL MAIN PANEL PRESCRIPTION ANIMAL REMEDY KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN READ SAFETY DIRECTIONS FOR ANIMAL TREATMENT ONLY EXCEDE Sterile Suspension 200 mg/ml CEFTIOFUR as Ceftiofur Crystalline Free

More information

PHARMACOKINETICS OF LINCOMYCIN FOLLOWING SINGLE INTRAMUSCULAR ADMINISTRATION IN GOATS MEEMANSHA SHARMA, BHASKAR VEMU & VINOD KUMAR DUMKA

PHARMACOKINETICS OF LINCOMYCIN FOLLOWING SINGLE INTRAMUSCULAR ADMINISTRATION IN GOATS MEEMANSHA SHARMA, BHASKAR VEMU & VINOD KUMAR DUMKA International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research (IJASR) ISSN(P): 2250-0057; ISSN(E): 2321-0087 Vol. 7, Issue 2, Apr 2017, 555-560 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. PHARMACOKINETICS OF LINCOMYCIN FOLLOWING SINGLE

More information

UDC: : :579.22/ :615.28

UDC: : :579.22/ :615.28 www.imiamn.org.ua /journal.htm 8 UDC: 6.33:61.017.1:579./.841.9:6.8 SUBSTANTIATION OF OVERCOMING OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII CLINICAL STRAINS BY USAGE OF DECAMETHOXINUM Nazarchuk

More information

choice The Rilexine Palatable Tablets First generation cephalosporin for skin infections Now registered for ONCE daily administration*

choice The Rilexine Palatable Tablets First generation cephalosporin for skin infections Now registered for ONCE daily administration* Virbac Dermatology Palatable Tablets The choice First generation cephalosporin for skin infections Now registered for ONCE daily administration* are only available under Veterinary Authorisation. www.virbac.co.nz

More information

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic profiling of four antimicrobials against Gram-negative bacteria collected from Shenyang, China

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic profiling of four antimicrobials against Gram-negative bacteria collected from Shenyang, China RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Research article Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic profiling of four antimicrobials against Gram-negative bacteria collected from Shenyang, China Yun Zhuo Chu 1, Su Fei Tian

More information

Update on Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - Aminoglycosides. Antimicrobial Stewardship Forum Cardiff Nov. 2nd 2015

Update on Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - Aminoglycosides. Antimicrobial Stewardship Forum Cardiff Nov. 2nd 2015 Update on Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - Aminoglycosides Antimicrobial Stewardship Forum Cardiff Nov. 2nd 2015 Andrew Lovering Antimicrobial Reference Laboratory North Bristol NHS Trust What are common

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. NUFLOR 300 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle and sheep

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. NUFLOR 300 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle and sheep SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT NUFLOR 300 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle and sheep 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Each ml contains:

More information

Evaluation of a computerized antimicrobial susceptibility system with bacteria isolated from animals

Evaluation of a computerized antimicrobial susceptibility system with bacteria isolated from animals J Vet Diagn Invest :164 168 (1998) Evaluation of a computerized antimicrobial susceptibility system with bacteria isolated from animals Susannah K. Hubert, Phouc Dinh Nguyen, Robert D. Walker Abstract.

More information

ORIGINAL ARTICLE /j x. Institute, São Paulo, Brazil

ORIGINAL ARTICLE /j x. Institute, São Paulo, Brazil ORIGINAL ARTICLE 1.1111/j.1469-691.27.1885.x Pharmacodynamic comparison of linezolid, teicoplanin and vancomycin against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci

More information

جداول میکروارگانیسم های بیماریزای اولویت دار و آنتی بیوتیک های تعیین شده برای آزمایش تعیین حساسیت ضد میکروبی در برنامه مهار مقاومت میکروبی

جداول میکروارگانیسم های بیماریزای اولویت دار و آنتی بیوتیک های تعیین شده برای آزمایش تعیین حساسیت ضد میکروبی در برنامه مهار مقاومت میکروبی جداول میکروارگانیسم های بیماریزای اولویت دار و آنتی بیوتیک های تعیین شده برای آزمایش تعیین حساسیت ضد میکروبی در برنامه مهار مقاومت میکروبی ویرایش دوم بر اساس ed., 2017 CLSI M100 27 th تابستان ۶۹۳۱ تهیه

More information

European public MRL assessment report (EPMAR)

European public MRL assessment report (EPMAR) 15 January 2013 EMA/CVMP/914694/2011 Committee for Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use (CVMP) European public MRL assessment report (EPMAR) Fenbendazole (extension to chicken and extrapolation to all

More information

Follow this and additional works at: Part of the Pharmacology Commons, and the Veterinary Medicine Commons

Follow this and additional works at:  Part of the Pharmacology Commons, and the Veterinary Medicine Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate College 2014 Infection with Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and Streptococcus suis changes the pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur hydrochloride

More information

Author - Dr. Josie Traub-Dargatz

Author - Dr. Josie Traub-Dargatz Author - Dr. Josie Traub-Dargatz Dr. Josie Traub-Dargatz is a professor of equine medicine at Colorado State University (CSU) College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. She began her veterinary

More information

GENTAMICIN DISPOSITION IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (CSF) AND AQUEOUS HUMOUR IN HEALTHY DOGS

GENTAMICIN DISPOSITION IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (CSF) AND AQUEOUS HUMOUR IN HEALTHY DOGS Trakia Journal of Sciences, Vol. 6, Suppl. 1, pp 14-18, 2008 Copyright 2007 Trakia University Available online at: http://www.uni-sz.bg ISSN 1312-1723 GENTAMICIN DISPOSITION IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (CSF)

More information