OIE Standards on biosecurity and compartmentalisation

Transcription

1 OIE Standards on biosecurity and compartmentalisation Dr. Etienne Bonbon Vice-President, OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code Commission Scientific Counsellor, EU Delegation to the International Organisations in Paris 1

2 Biosecurity: What is it? See Dictionary, or Manual of Epidemiology Current DRAFT definition for adoption in the OIE Code Glossary BIOSECURITY means a set of management and physical measures designed to reduce the risk of introduction, establishment and spread of animal diseases, infections or infestations to, from and within an animal population 2

3 Biosecurity = measures Required at all time Required for maintaining disease freedom Required to protect when change in risk within the vicinity or related establishments Required to guarantee disease freedom when higher risk is demonstrated within country or zone 3

4 Biosecurity = plan Ideally: potential pathways for introduction and spread critical control points for each pathway mitigating measures for each critical control point surveillance programme reporting procedures to the Veterinary Authorities documentation comprehensive contingency plan programme for educating and training personnel 4

5 Biosecurity = traceability Veterinary Authority should ensure an effective animal identification and traceability system is in place individual identification is desirable, if not feasible, sufficient information on assurances is provided all animal movements should be recorded and when needed, certified by the Veterinary Authority records must be kept on internal and external animal movements 5

6 Biosecurity = surveillance surveillance system in place (Ch.1.4.) sensitivity of the internal and external surveillance adjusted according to changes in risk levels internal surveillance: must provide a baseline of the status, as well as procedures for early detection, and records of suspect investigations external surveillance: to be able to identify changes in the surrounding level of exposure; should be targeted at epidemiological units in close proximity 6

7 Biosecurity = diagnostic list of officially designated laboratories according to Chapter for sample testing type of tests to be conducted, capacity of laboratories, quality control procedures laboratories should have systematic procedures for rapid reporting results to the Veterinary Authorities where appropriate, results should be confirmed by an OIE reference laboratory 7

8 Biosecurity = documentation documentation should provide clear evidence that the biosecurity, surveillance, traceability and management practices are effectively applied records should include all animal movements, feed sources, production records, illness and deaths, laboratory tests, visitors logbook, medications, etc. documentation on status for a disease, and compliance with freedom requirements should be submitted to the Veterinary Authority when seeking recognition 8

9 Biosecurity = emergency response early detection, diagnosis and notification are essential in event of suspicion of listed disease occurrence, management must immediately notify Veterinary Authorities, management should notify the Veterinary Authorities the occurrence of breach in biosecurity Veterinary Authority should describe procedures and measures applied for each circumstance 9

10 Biosecurity = supervision and control Management should ensure an effective and credible partnership with the Veterinary Authority, should implement the biosecurity plan, compile documentation for audits, immediately notify authorities on risk changes, breaches in biosecurity or disease suspicions Veterinary Authority has the final authority and should provide procedures for auditing and for granting, suspending and revoking any health status 10

11 Assessing risks Determine essential biosecurity measures Implementing biosecurity measures Monitoring risks and measures Always assess change Adjusting program 11

12 Zoning/compartmentalisation zoning applies to an animal sub-population defined primarily on a geographical basis compartmentalisation applies to an animal subpopulation defined primarily by management and husbandry practices relating to biosecurity in practice, spatial considerations and good management are important in the application of both concepts 12

13 Zones free zone Infected zone river free zone 13

14 Feed Equipment Compartment BREEDERS Equipment Feed FEED SUPPLY FATTENING SLAUGHTER HOUSE Animals Equipment FATTENING 14

15 Application of compartmentalisation not all situations lead themselves to the application of compartmentalisation effective implementation of the concept will be influenced by technical issues: epidemiology of the disease(s) of concern structure and distribution of the animal population country and infrastructure factors environmental factors the biosecurity measures which may be applicable the health status of animals in adjacent areas necessary surveillance, in and out of the compartments 15

16 Definition of the Compartment must be established with respect to one or more diseases must define its components, establishments, other functional units, describe their location and the interrelationships must take into account epidemiological factors, production systems, infrastructures and biosecurity practices, as well as surveillance 16

17 Separation of the Compartment Compartment Management should provide to the Veterinary Authority: Biosecurity Plan o Physical and spatial factors that affect biosecurity o Infrastructural factors o Traceability system 17

18 Model CP Biosecurity Plan components of the establishment(s) and other premises operated by an enterprise, which would constitute a compartment common biosecurity management system under which these components operate using diagrams to show flowcharts, functional boundaries etc. housing facilities, transport routes, feed distribution systems, work procedures, equipment maintenance relevant epidemiological factors potential pathways for entry and spread of the pathogen associated risks 18

19 Model CP Biosecurity Plan sanitary measures necessary to manage the risks of the pathogen(s) in the subpopulation develop standard operating procedures (SOPs) for the compartment, incorporating these measures into management and husbandry practices determine how the SOPs will be audited to ensure that they are in accordance with the biosecurity plan how the risks will be regularly assessed and the SOPs adjusted accordingly 19

20 Elements of a CP Biosecurity Plan needs to clearly define the compartment a description of the establishment(s) and all other relevant premises a description of the partnership and respective responsibilities between the VS and the enterprise a clear description of the subpopulation accompanied by animal ID and traceability a clear description (e.g. flowcharts) of the functional relationships among the compartment components and their contribution to its biosecurity 20

21 Elements of a CP Biosecurity Plan a description of spatial factors relating to pathways of disease transmission to ensure that the functional boundary provides adequate physical separation of animals in the compartment from other animal subpopulations a description of the relevant environmental factors that may affect exposure to the pathogen(s) (e.g. open water) documentation of the surveillance conducted to ensure that the subpopulation in the compartment complies with the recommendations in the Code 21

22 Assessing risks from factors Environment Farm structure Herd/Flock structure Dead animals/carcasses Other animals, including wildlife People management Vehicles and equipment Sanitation/ Hygiene 22

23 Standard Operating Procedures personnel training animal movement controls animal health records human movement controls control over vehicles and equipment security of feed and water sources 23

24 HACCP at the farm? Application of HACCP at the farm: implies the analysis and inventory of all hazards and potential pathogen risks and the identification of the most appropriate biosecurity measures applied at the most effective and controlled points within the premise or its surroundings. These must be clearly documented in the respective biosecurity protocols. 24

25 HACCP principles #1: Hazard analysis: (flow diagram of potential hazards) #2: Identification of critical control points: (measures) #3: Establish critical limits: (what is allowed and not) #4: Monitor CCP s: (planned measurements/observations) #5: Establish corrective action: (if loss of control) #6: Record keeping: (preparation/maintain records) #7: Verification: (internal + independent audits) 25

26 Responsibilities of Sector Managers develop effective partnerships with the VS work with the VS in the development of specific biosecurity plan and its operation for compartments enhance awareness of owners and workers in production and non-production sectors, of general biosecurity principles report accurately and quickly to the VS on disease suspicions and incidents occurring in the sectors encourage all relevant premises to be managed in a biosecure manner, through codes of practice and SOPs 26

27 Responsibilities of Veterinary Authorities the Veterinary Authority (VA) is responsible for the essential national infrastructure within which compartments may be effectively implemented; this must be in place prior to the establishment of any compartment the Veterinary Service (VS) has been evaluated, at least with respect to its ability to oversee the establishment/management of compartments 27

28 The Veterinary Services must demonstrate effective partnerships with managers in the production sector and related sectors (e.g. equipment supply and maintenance, feed production and supply, and waste management) have a good understanding of the structure and operations of all production sectors complemented by effective animal identification and traceability systems have an effective national surveillance, to ensure a good understanding of the disease situation in the territory 28

29 The Veterinary Services must provide scientific data that explain the epidemiology and the associated risk pathways, in the part of the country in which compartments will be located draw up biosecurity plans with relevant managers, for the particular compartments and based on agreed SOPs regularly review scientific data and re-assess the risk factors, to ensure that the SOPs continue to be appropriate develop/implement review and audit procedures 29

30 For compartmentalisation to be a success Credible Veterinary Service Compartments based on known epidemiology Clear role of private and public sector Negotiated with trading partners during peace time 30

31 Importance of adherence to OIE standards Safe trade, based on scientific risk analysis Commodity specific risk mitigation measures Provides credibility to the Veterinary Services Consistency of message to consumers Demonstrate ability to detect diseases 31

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