Plumb's 8th Edition Veterinary Drug Handbook (VDH) Errata

Transcription

1 Plumb's 8th Edition Veterinary Drug Handbook (VDH) Errata Below is a listing of the errata found in the first printing of the 8th edition of Plumbs' Veterinary Drug Handbook (VDH). Please make note of these changes in your book. Amikacin Sulfate, Systemic 41, 56 Dose --> cats -->5th sentence: "IRIS stage II or greater". Change to "IRIS stage II or III". Amlodipine 53, 69 Dose-->Cats: For treatment of systemic hypertension (extra-label; reasonable evidence to support): mg per cat (¼ - ½ of a 2.5 mg tablet per cat) once daily. Bismuth Subsalicylate 116, 157 Doses-->Dogs: For acute diarrhea: change ml/mg to ml/kg Clindamycin 239, 322 Doses-->Dogs: For susceptible protozoal infections (anecdotal): Most recommendations for adjunctive treatment for Neospora, Hepatozoon, Babesia, or Toxoplasma infections are 12.5 mg/kg PO twice daily for at least two weeks or longer. Clorsulon 254, 344 Chemistry --> Change "Ivomec" to "Ivomec Plus ". Dalteparin Sodium 280, 379 Monitoring-->1st bullet: Baseline and ongoing during therapy[add":"] CBC (with platelet count). Darbepoetin 287, 387 Doses-->...PRCA is reported to occur less often [REMOVE: "than"] with darbepoetin Deslorelin 294, 399 Doses-->Horses-->"For inducing ovulation within 48 hours in cyclic estrous mares with an ovarian follicle between 30 and 40 ml [change to mm] in diameter..." Dexamethasone 303, 410 Drug Interactions--> second to last bullet titled "DEXAMETHASONE" should say: [BULLET] QUINIDINE Diazoxide 316, 429 Drug Formulations-->Human-Labeled Products: Diazoxide Oral Suspension: 50 mg[add: /ml] with sorbitol in 30 ml calibrated dropper; Proglycem ; (Rx) Diltiazem HCl 331, 448 Dose--> Cats: 1st paragraph: "...If using the regular tablets, [ADD: "dose"] at mg per cat PO 2-3 times a day; sustained-release product, dose at mg per cat PO once daily. Dimenhydrinate 333, 451 Storage/Stability--> Dimenhydrinate products should be stored at room temperature; avoid freezing [REMOVE and] injectable products. Domperidone 353, 478 Below phonetic spelling--> Change Dopamine-2 Agonist to Dopamine- 2 Antagonist Doxycycline 367, 497 Dose-->Dogs: For rickettsial diseases such as Rocky Mountain Spotted- Fever (Rickettsia rickettsii); (extra-label): 5 mg/kg PO q12h. (Breitschwerdt 2000) [ADD] Treatment is generally recommended for one week. Enalapril 374, 509 Doses-->Dogs-->For adjunctive treatment of proteinuria (extra-label): 3rd sentence-->most initially will treat at approximately 0.5 mg/kg PO q12h if [REMOVE: cat] [ADD]dog is not azotemic. Epinephrine 387, 524 Doses--> Birds--> "b) Change 0.01mg.kg to 0.01 mg/kg..." Ergocalciferol 395, 535 Doses-->Dogs/Cats-->5th line: Doses used are relative[add "ly"] high Units/kg PO once daily.

2 Ertapenem Sodium 397, 537 1) Compatibility/Compounding Considerations--> 2nd paragraph: If ertapenem is to be given IM, dilute the vial with 3.2 ml of 1% lidocaine HCl injection (without epinephrine). Use within one hour. Do not give [ADD: this concentrated form] IV. 2) Monitoring--> Clinical efficacy. [REMOVE: (WBC, fever, etc.)] Esomeprazole 403, ) Doses--> Dogs: Oral: There is little published supporting any oral esomeprazole dosage in dogs, anecdotally it could be used at similar [REMOVE: "-ly"] dosage rates as oral omeprazole ( mg/kg PO once daily on an empty stomach). 2) Doses-->Cats: As a PPI to reduce gastric acid production (extralabel): Although there is little published supporting any oral esomeprazole dosage in cats, anecdotally it could be used at similar [REMOVE: "-ly"] dosage rates as oral omeprazole ( mg/kg PO once daily on an empty stomach). 3) Doses-->Horses: 1st paragraph--> PO/NG: "... increased gastric ph >5 when measured [REMOVE: "("] 90 minutes-6 hours after a dose." Famotidine 418, 567 Doses: Dogs [add "& Cats"] Fat Emulsion, Intravenous 421, 570 Doses--> a) [middle of paragraph]...follow-up CRI doses of 0.05 [ADD 0.5] ml/kg/hour can be continued until clinical signs improve (not to exceed 24 hours). Felbamate 424, 575 Contraindications/Precautions/Warnings--> In humans, felbamate should not be used in patients with a history of blood dyscrasias or hepatic dysfunction. [Add] There is a lack of evidence that felbamate causes liver toxicity in dogs. While felbamate should be used with caution in dogs with hepatic impairment, dogs that require it for seizure control are often close to being euthanized and the benefits may outweigh any potential risks. [Remove: Use with caution in dogs with hepatic impairment. Dogs that require felbamate are often close to euthanasia and there is a lack of evidence that felbamate causes liver toxicity in dogs.] Fenbendazole , ) Dose-->Cats-->2nd paragraph: "Adult cats (>6 mos. old), and pregnant cats: 100 mg[add: "/kg"] PO once. 2) Doses-->Swine: For whipworms in potbellied pigs (extra-label): 9 mg/kg PO for [ADD: 3] days. Fentanyl Transdermal Patch , ) Contraindications/Precautions/Warnings: Brands are now available that potentially can be cut, but with the availability of 12 m[add:c]g patches there is little therapeutic reason to do so. 2) Doses: 1) 12 m[add:c]g patches are available for very small cats. (Hansen 2008) 2) Label the site with the size of patch ([ADD: 12, 25, 50, 75, or 100 mcg/hr) and the date and time the patch was placed. Filgrastim 443, 600 Doses-->Dogs/Cats: Some have suggested dosages as low as 1 microgram/kg [ADD: SC] daily and up to 5 micrograms/kg SC twice daily.

3 Hydrocortisone , ) Uses/Indications--> Delete last sentence: While oral forms are available, they are not routinely used in veterinary patients. 2) Doses-->Dogs/Cats-->Add in new paragraph under ""For adjunctive therapy for acute adrenocortical insufficiency..."" [BOLD] For long term treatment of hypoadrenocorticism (extra-label): In the changeover period as animals recover from an acute crisis, start eating and drinking, and are changed from parenteral to oral medication, traditionally a semi-selective mineralocorticoid (fludrocortisone) and a semi-selective oral glucocorticoid (cortisone acetate, hydrocortisone or prednisolone) are initially used together. Fludrocortisone can be discontinued in a proportion of patients after 1-2 months. When using oral hydrocortisone tablets, most hypoadrenocorticoid dogs are started on an anecdotal dose of mg/kg PO q12-24h. Once stable, generally a dose of 0.4 mg/kg PO q12-24h provides adequate additional glucocorticoid supplementation. Hydroxyethyl Starch Colloids 530, 720 Prescriber Highlights: 3rd bullet: Contraindications: [REMOVE: Severe] (HES) [CAPITALIZE: H]eart... Imidocarb Dipropionate , ) Doses [bullet]horse-->1st sentence: "...; most sources indicate that mg/kg given IM once [ADD: is] effective." 2) Doses [bullet]dogs-->[add in BOLD] Warning: Some references recommend using atropine at 0.5 mg/kg SC as a pre-med to mitigate the muscarinic effects of imidocarb in dogs. This is a decimal point error that can lead to tachycardia and other antimuscarinic effects. A more reasonable dose would be 0.05 mg/kg SC.... Treatment for Babesiosis: Itraconazole 585, 795 Compatibility/Compounding Considerations--> last paragraph: "and bringing to volume of 200 ml [ADD: with] Ora-Sweet yields a 20 mg/ml..." Ivermectin , ) Drug Interactions-->Cetirizine--> In horses, ivermectin given 12 (but not 1.5) hours prior to cetirizine, increased cetirizine plasma AUC,... 2) Doses-->Birds-->a) For ascarids...macaws: 0.2 mg IM[ADD: "."] [DELETE: ; Finches: mg.] Keep (Stunkard 1984) 3) Dosage Forms/Regulatory Status-->Veterinary Products-->last paragraph--> Ivermectin Medicated feeds: Ivomec(R) Premix for Swine Type A Medicated Article [REMOVE: ")"] 0.6%... 4) Ivermectin/Pyrantel Oral Tablets: 68 mcg/57 mg, 136 mcg/114 mg, 272 mcg/22[remove: 8] [ADD: 7] mg; Heartgard Plus Chewables, generic; (Rx). FDA-approved for use in dogs. Ketoconazole 599, 814 Prescriber highlights-->1st bullet-->second sentence-->"still a lowcost/effective treatment for Malassezia dermatitis in dogs[remove: "including aspergillosis, cryptococcal meningitis, blastomycosis, & histoplasmosis"]; also used to reduce dose/costs of cyclosporine therapy..." Lisinopril 631, Overdosage/Acute Toxicity-->2nd paragraph-->last sentence: "Of the 98 cats, 7 were symptomatic with 29% [REMOVE: hyper] [ADD: hypo]tensive, 29% tachycardic[add: ","] and 29% vomiting."

4 Magnesium, Intravenous 649, 882 Monitoring-->last sentence: Physical signs associated with hypomagnesemia [ADD:(ie, weakness, muscle fibrillation, ataxia/depression, hyperreflexia, behavior changes, arrhythmias)] and hypermagnesemia [ADD:(ie, hyporeflexia, hypotension, respiratory paralysis, ECG changes, nausea/vomiting). ] [REMOVE: (loss of deep tendon reflexes, hypotension, respiratory paralysis).] Methimazole 694, 945 Extra-Label Doses: Oral: The panel of the publication Best practice for the pharmacological management of hyperthyroid cats with antithyroid drugs (Daminet et al. 2014) recommends an initial dosage of using 2.5 mg per cat PO twice a day; an initial dose of 5 mg[delete:/kg] [ADD: per cat] PO twice a day can be used in cases of extremely elevated total T4 (TT4). Methionine 696, 947 Dosage Formulations-->Veterinary-labeled products--> Methionine Gel: 480 mg/6 gm (6 gm= 5 ml or 1 teaspoon) in 4.25 ounce tubes; Methigel ; (OTC) Methohexital Sodium 699, 951 Repro safety--> Small amounts of [ADD: the related drug] thiopental have been detected in milk following administration of large doses to humans. -Doses: Dogs: For induction with premedication: 5 mg/kg [ADD: IV] Metoclopramide 711, 967 Contraindications-->last sentence of last paragraph: One reference suggests based upon anecdotal experience, reducing the CRI [ADD: by]25-50% of standard dosage... Metronidazole 715, 972 Drug class in header: [REMOVE] antiparasitic and [ADD] antiprotozoal Omeprazole , ) Doses-->Swine--> 40 mg [REMOVE: of] PO daily for two days;... 2) Prescriber Highlights-->ADD additional bullet to the bottom that states: Do not crush or allow patients to chew capsules or tablets. Phosphate, parenteral 854, 1162 Drug Interactions-->First bullet-->remove and REPLACE with: [BULLET/BOLD] Phosphate Binding Agents[END BOLD] ([ITALIC/NO BOLD: e.g.,] [BEGIN BOLD] oral aluminum and calcium salts, sevelamer, lanthanum carbonate): [END BOLD] May reduce phosphorous levels. Physostigmine 856, 1165 Doses-->Dogs-->Provocative test for narcolepsy/cataplexy-- >Subsequent testing can be done at doses of mg/kg and [REMOVE: 1][add: 0.1] mg/kg as above. Polysulfated Glycosaminoglycans 869, 1183 Storage/Stability-->Commercial products should be stored at C (68-77 F); excursions permitted to C (59-86 F). The manufacturer recommends discarding any unused portion from the vial or ampule and does not recommend mixing with any other drug or chemical. Propranolol 910, 1238 Propranolol --> Doses --> Dogs/Cats --> For susceptible cardiac arrhythmias --> "a maximum of 1 mg/kg" should be changed to "a maximum of 0.1 mg/kg" Terbutaline 1007, 1371 OVERDOSAGE/ACUTE TOXICITY: Clinical signs of significant overdose after systemic administration may include arrhythmias (bradycardia, tachycardia, heart block, extrasystoles), hyp[delete:er][add:o]kalemia, hypertension, fever, vomiting,

5 Tramadol 1053, 1435 Reproductive/Nursing Safety--> Change Trazadone to Tramadol Trazodone 1056, 1439 Reproductive/Nursing Safety--> Change Tramadol to Trazodone Xylazine 1102, 1502 Doses--> CATTLE-->For sedation/analgesia:..."when used IV [REMOVE "/"; ADD "or"] IM, analgesia..." Zonisamide 1111, 1515 Pharmacokinetics-->2nd paragraph-->first sentence--> Change to read: An abstract (from a proceedings) reported that zonisamide (10 mg/ml in a polyethylene glycol solution--formulation not reported) rectal bioavailability relative to oral dosing in dogs was 87%. Ophthalmic Products Chloramphenicol Ophthalmic Ophthalmic Products, Topical; Routes of Admin - Ophthalmics 1130, 1538 Adverse effects--> ADD "use." after following 1114, st row of table-->topical-->comments: Doses >1 drop rarely indicated in small animals (maximum tear capacity is m[add:icro]l[add:iters], volume of a drop is m[add:icro]l[add:iters]); allow 5 minutes between drops; instill in order of least viscous to most; instill in order of aqueous prior to oil base. Pilocarpine 1163, ) Prescriber Highlights: Given orally in food to stimulate [DELETE:salivation] [ADD: lacrimation] to treat neurogenic keratoconjunctivitis sicca. 2) Uses/Indications:...pilocarpine was used orally (in food) to induce [DELETE:salivation] [ADD: lacrimation] to treat neurogenic keratoconjunctivitis sicca. 3) Monitoring: Clinical efficacy. Adequate [DELETE:salivation] [ADD: lacrimation] from oral pilocarpine for neurogenic keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Dermatological Agents Fipronil 1222, 1658 For Frontline Plus for Dogs and Puppies change first entry from lbs to 0-22 lbs Otic Preparations Ceruminolytic Agents 1231, 1669 Within table-->douxo Micellar Solution-->Ingredients: Imidazolidin[ADD:"yl"] Urea -->rather than Imidazolidin Urea, it will read: Imidazolidinyl Urea Appendix Appendix - Drug Store 1242, 1684 Imidazolines: Change "Domitor" to "Antisedan"