Index 1 NUMBERS AND SYMBOLS 2007, 27, 28, 36, 47, 48, 62, 63, 65, 67, 72, 74, 75, 104, 107, 128, 153, 166, 167, 170, 189, , 41

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1 Index 1 NUMBERS AND SYMBOLS 2007, 27, 28, 36, 47, 48, 62, 63, 65, 67, 72, 74, 75, 104, 107, 128, 153, 166, 167, 170, 189, , 41 A Aarestrup, Frank Møller, 120 Abbott, Andrew, 144 Absorption of AMR, 154 Access to antimicrobials, 135 Acting, 13, 42, 104, 108, 146, 149, 166, 168, 170, 177 Actions, 2, 8, 11, 17, 32, 37, 41, 62, 83, 87, 89, 91, 97, 103, 116, 160, 167, 176, Actor-network theory, 111 Acute bronchitis, 61 Adherence, 91, 159, 165 Administration of antibiotics, 119, 121 Affective states, 22, 165, , 177 Agenda, 3, 17, 96 Agriculture, 113, 129, 131, 133, 155, 203 Álvarez Lerma, F., 80 AMR problem, , 155, 156, 161, 201, 204 Animal husbandry, 200 Animal welfare, 120, 134 Antibiotic consumption, 47 Antibiotic cures, 184 Antibiotic field, the, 149 Antibiotic paradox, the, 184 Antibiotic prescription, Antibiotics, 25 30, 32, 34 37, 41 44, 47, 48, 50, 52, 54, 55, 57, 61, 62, 70, 74, 75, 80 91, 96 1 Note: Page numbers followed by n refer to notes. The Author(s) 2019 C. S. Jensen et al. (eds.), Risking Antimicrobial Resistance, 209

2 210 Index Antibiotic stewardship, 163 Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), 41, 44, 46, 57, 75, 79, , 127, 133, 137, 138, , 149, 159, 160 Antimicrobials, 96 Antimicrobial stewardship, 105 Approach, 29, 41, 44, 45, 51, 53, 82, 84, 85, 138, 145, 149, 152, 164, 166, 168, 178, 189, 191, 196, 204 Assumptions, 27, 37 Attenuate the standardizing forces, 158 Attitudes, 18, 41, 82, 83, 87, 90, 166, 176, 193, 207 Australia, 99 Authentic communication, 61 Authority, 17, 45, 70, 72, 83, 105, 145, 147, 148, 187, 191 Autumn, 16 Availability of medicine, 119 B Bacteria- and virus-based illnesses, 36 Bacterial pharyngitis, 169, 171 Bacterial-borne, 200 Beck, Ulrich, 145 Berlin, 113 Binary yes/no-answers, 173 Biological or biomedical processes, 5 Biological processes, 2, 204, 205 Bio-medical logic, 164, 170, 177, 178 Biomedical researchers, 155 Biomedically-based diagnosis/ treatment, 179 Biomedicine, 166, 170 Bio-psycho-social subjects, 179 Bird flu, 170, 175 Blaser, M. J., 121 Bodily modifications, 116 Borderline, 194 Britain, 128 Broad-spectrum antibiotics, 151, 153 C Caamaño Isorna, F., 89 Calculations of potentialities and probabilities, 159 Calculative rationality, 174 Caring, 118, 168 Castrations, 116 Catastrophe discourse, 186 Cause, 65 Chain, Ernst B., 114 Changing jurisdictions, 143 Characteristic state of uncertainty, 165 Chile, 99 China, 136, 200 Chlamydia, 116 Cisneros, J. M., 80 Civic interests, 195 Civic regime, 188, 191 Clear-cut diagnoses, 173 Climate change, 7 9, 15 17, 175 Clinical autonomy, 151, 158 Clinical context, 147, 148 Clinical encounters, 26, 164, 166, Clinical etiquette, 152 Cognitive interdependence, 45

3 Index 211 Cognitive, affective, and somatic experience, 178 Collective action problem, the, 97 Common good, 23, 150, 160, 185, , 192 Common-sense approach to prescription, 85 Communicative and social context, 83 Communicative level, 177 Comorbidity, 191 Competitive, 6, 56, 188, 203 Complexity of prescription behaviours, 164 Concept of actual self, 132 Concrete assessment, 202 Consequence of human behaviour, 8 Constituting action, 111 Constructions of life, 21, 116 Consultation, 18, 20, 22, 26, 27, 29, 30, 37, 62, 63, 65 69, 72 75, 83 91, 144, 160, 170, 172, 173, 176, 177, 191 Consumption of antibiotics, 48, 57, 90, 91, 130, 144, 151, 194 Consumption of antimicrobials, , 131 Consumption pattern, 57 Contemporary pig farming, 128, 133, 134, 139 Controlling the growth of the pigs, 120 Controversial affairs, 186 Controversial situations, 160 Conventional orders, 187, 187n1 Conversational training, 37 Conversation analysis, 65, 206 Cooperation, 167 Critical types of antimicrobials, 100 Cross-national differences in antibiotic use in Europe, 45 CRP-test, 172 Cultural and linguistic differences, 42 Cultural and linguistic diversity, 48 Cultural commitments, 185 Culturally, 46, 57, 168, 172, 175 Cultural norms, 57 Culture justify, 185 Culture-bound, 45 Cultures of science, 185 D Daily life on the farms, 136 Dangers, 8, 18, 87, 145, 174, 175, 179 Danish, 48 authorities, 104 environmental movement, 42 general practitioners, 61 government, 103 healthcare system, 163 health services, 128 pig farming, 113 primary care, 143 public authorities, 98 societal structure, 56 Danish Health Authorities, 35, 154 Danish Medical Society for General Practice (DSAM), 148, 156, 157, 160 DANMAP, 26, 115, 150, 151 reports, 104 Data from the particular Danish context, 61

4 212 Index Day-care centres, 153 DDD, 100 Decision-making processes under pressure, 83 Denmark, 42, 43, 46 47, 55 57, 75, 80, 95, 96, 99, , 112, 115, 116, 118, 120, , 135, 136, 138, 144, 149, 151, 158, 160, 163, 184, 192, , 207 Development of consumption and antimicrobial resistance, 45 Diagnosis, 26, 28, 34, 36, 55, 57, 62, 63, 65, 67, 68, 70, 72 74, 85, 86 Diagnostic, 26, 29, 35 37, 72, 75, 148, 154, 157, 165, 171, 202, 207 Diagnostic tests, 148, 154 Dietary doxycycline, 116 Different normative registers of valuations, 149 Difficulties, 20, 34, 64, 107, 174, 185 Disagreement, 4, 186 Discrepancy, 62, 73, 75, 132, 164 Doctor patient relationships, 145 Domestic justifications, 193 Domestic regime, 187, 193 Duration, 65 Dying, 113, 200 Dynamic, 147, 148, 159, 178 Dynamic boundaries, 147 E Ear-nose-throat specialists, 156 Ear-related statement, 69 East Asia, 170 Eastern countries, 101 Eastern European, 116 Ecological explanation, 153 Ecological worth, the, 188 Economic interests, 207 Emergency care practices, 80 Emotional stress, 178 Emotions, 173 Empirical material, the, 190 Empirical testing, 161 English, 48 Epidemiology, 144, 150, Equivalence, 158, 187 Ethnographic studies, 168 EU, 44 countries, 100 languages, 44 European Antibiotic Awareness Day, 42 European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS- Net), 47 European Centre for Disease Preventions and Control (ECDC), 42 European Commission, 95, 145 European health initiative, 42 European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption Network (ESAC-Net), 47 Evidence-based knowledge, 157 Examination, 19, 30, 46, 65, 66, 70, 73, 176 Executive boundaries, 147 Experienced reality, 145, 159 Expert communities, 8, 9, 11, 16 Explanations of professional practice, 160 External conditions, 121 Extreme, 26, 34, 175

5 Index 213 F Familiarity, 81, 91, 193 Farmers as a uniform social group, the, 139 Fear of being subjected to criticism, 132 Fear of complications, 82 Feeling ill, 170 Field of diagnosing and prescribing antibiotics, 150 Field of Science, Technology and Society, 168 Field of sociological studies, 143 Financial and time pressures, 159 Finland, 101 Fixation sow bars, 117 Fleming, Alexander, 114 Flexible negotiations, 189 Flexible response, 177 Florey, Howard W., 114 Foucauldian understanding of risk, 13, 174 Framework, 7, 10, 13, 42, 44, 45, 90, 96, 98, 109, 145, 179, 189 France, 4, 18, 42, 43, 45 48, 55 57, 99, 101, 102, 203, 207 Frankel, R. M., 67 French, 48 G Galicia, 89 General concerns for civic life, 192 General population, the, 105, 115, 134, 139 General practice, 25, 29 General practitioners, 13, 18 20, 22, 25, 46, 96, 104, 143, 163, 164, 185, 195, 207 General principles of what is right, 186 General recommendations and guidelines, 36 Geriatric patients, 88 Germany, 48, 99 Global action plan, 41 Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance, 44 Global AMR, 144, 147, 159 Globally, 149, 199, 200 Global threats, 146 Goffman, E., 111, 132, 136 Goffman s terminology, 132 Gonzalez-Gonzalez, C., 82 Good doctoring, 143, 144, , 154, , 206 Governmentality observations, 104 Governmental structures, 95 Governments agencies, 155 Greece, 99 Green environmental regime, the, 194 Green issues, 194, 195 Growing prevalence of COPD, 153 Growth of antibiotic resistance, 128 Guidelines, 37, 43, 45, 46, 49, 50, 52, 55, 144, , 150, , 164, 165, 167, 184, 190, 194, Guidelines and clinical practice, 152 H Hansen, Kjeld, 121 Harvesting techniques, 114 Health administrators and researchers, 83 Health challenges, 1

6 214 Index Health perspectives, 155 Health politics and institutions, 154 Health system, 105 Hence, Tsing, 112 Hierarchical positions, 187 Hierarchical relation, 56 High level of knowledge, 163 Hispanics, 57 Historically, 168 Hofstede s model of cultural dimensions, 45 Hospital and emergency care, 80 Human and veterinary areas, the, 3 Human and veterinary sectors, 183, 201 Human health sector, 139, 154 Humanities research traditions, 4 Humanity, 187 Human medical paradigms, 2 Human nature, 120 Humans within the jurisdiction of the political authority, 96 I Idealist, 193 Ideals, 168 Ideological, 152, 193 Illegal medication, 119 Increased recognition, 166 India, 6, 11 Individual and social stigmatization processes, 139 individual, the, 4, 13, 19, 97, 139, 145, 154, 157, 175, 193, 203 Industrial regime, 188, 190, 191, 193 Industrial revolution, 114 Infections, 28, 34, 36, 44, 54, 61, 62, 64, 97 99, 102, 105, 108, 113, 114, 119, 120, 122, 123, 128, 129, 135, 145, 150, 156, 166, 168, 190, 200, 203 Infectious diseases, 80, 114 Informal knowledge culture, 148 Innocent public, an, 139 Inspiration, 168, 187n1 Inspirational regime, 187 Institutional communication, 63 Institutionalized stigmatization, 132 Instrumentally-oriented social action, 103 Instrumental, value-oriented and traditional, 102 Insulting, 139 Integrative, 178 Intention of generating data, 133 Interacting, 111 International, 3, 5, 15, 20, 22, 43, 95 97, 113, 159, 184, 200, 201, 203, 204 Intersectional problems, 184 Interventions, 157, 163, 171, 184, 185, 194, 195 Intra- and inter-professional conditions and relations, 149 Irresponsible economic actors, 139 Issues of control, 148 Italian, 48 Italy, 42 J Judgements, 147, 187, 191 Jurisdiction, 96, 144, , 156, 159, 160 Jurisdictional task, , 148, 149, 160

7 Index 215 Jurisdictional tasks, 144, 150, Justification, 85, Justificatory logics, 196 Justified, 80, 186, 189 Juxtaposed logics, 170 K Korea, 99 L Lack of willingness, 134 Language, 25 27, 45, 48, 57 Lancet, The, 2 Late-modern society, 6, 17 Levels of formality, 53 Liminal, 165, , , 202 Liminal zones, 165, 171, 173, 174, 178, 179, 202 of uncertainty, 165, 173, 174, 178, 179 Linguistic and cultural dimensions, 41 Linguistic differences, 53 Lived reality, 170 Livestock production, 100, 129, 130, 200, 201, 203, 204 Local, 20, 21, 37, 46, 73, 74, 120, 133, 135, 140, 152, 156, 158, 193 Longitudinally, 153 M Macro-oriented tendencies, 17 Management of efficiencies, 191 Market regime, 188 Maximal property of descriptions, 35 Maynard, D. W., 67 Meaning, 35, 53, 72, 164, 167, 168, 170, 206 Medical challenges, 195 Medical experts, 133, 184, 185, 189 Medical explanations, Medical subprofession, 146 Medical treatment, 123 Medicine, 114, 123, 146 Methodological model, 187 Microbiologists, 11, 16, 133, 184 Microscopic life, 113 Micro-sociological perspective, 185 Miracle drug, 18 Misguided expectations, 160 Misunderstandings, 192 Mochales, Baquero, 79 Model developed, 186 Modern farming, 99, 128, 140 Modern medicine, 10, 184, 194 Modern societies, 7, 9, 13, 179, 186 Modern types of risks, 9 Mol, Annemarie, 164, 168 concept of logic, 164 Molecular conditions, 144 Monopolizing treatment decisions, 145 Moral, 158, , Morally irresponsible risk-bearers, 136 MRSA, 115, 120, 121, , 131, , 183, 204 Multidrug resistant bacteria, 175 Multifaceted explanation, 153 Multi-resistance bacteria, 102 Mutated viruses, 175

8 216 Index N National, 6, 10, 20 22, 42 48, 57, 95, 96, 104, 147, 154, 159, 183, 184, 190, 200, 201 National and international surveillance programs, 184 National health authorities, 147 Natural environments, 113 Natural science objects, 112 Nature of the policy initiatives, 199 Nature society relations, 112 Neoliberal governance, 186 Network, 112 Non-bacteriological diseases, 123 Non-medical issues, 151, 153, 159 Non-observable, 11 Nordic countries, the, 18, 45, 100, 102, 165, 184, 190 Normative concerns, 160 Normative evaluations, 186 Northern Europe, 41 Northern European countries, 56 Northern Italy, 48 O Objective knowledge, 164 OECD, 99 OECD-average, 99 Offspring mortality, 117, 122 Ogston, Alexander, 113, 114 One Health perspective, 2, 144, 154, 184, 186, Organizational pressures, 160 Otitis, 155 Outside activities, 153 Outside world, 136 Outspoken critic of Danish farming s use of antibiotics, 120 Overprescription, 160 Overtreatment, 61 P Pakistan, 6, 11 Parabens, 175 Parents of small kids, 153 Pathogenic bacteria, 113, , 138 Pathophysiology, 144, 150, Patients, 62 experience, 169, 170, 174 medically inappropriate expectations, 37 verbal actions, 37 Penicillin, 26, 32 34, 36, 42, 114, 170, 192 prescription, 32 Perceived patient expectations, 166 Perception of pressure, 62 Perception of the symptom and the risk, 62 Perkins, R. D., 45 Persistent, 27 Personal history, 191 Personal idiosyncrasies, 187 Personalized relations of trust, 187 Pharmaceutical pipelines, 23, 184 Philosophies, 187, 187n1 Physical symptoms, 171 Physicians, 62 Pig farmers, 112, 115, 118, 122, , , 203, 206 Pig farming, 3, 6, 123, 127, 128, 132, , 138, 139

9 Index 217 Pig farms, 112, 115, , 127, 128, 131, 132, 135 Pig production, 96, 100, 109, 113, 122, , , 203 Pigs, 3, 11, 21, 22, 42, 112, , 129, 130, , 155, 201, 203, 204 Pitfalls, 164 Pneumonia, 70, 72, 102, 116, 134, 191 Point of care tests (POCT), 26, 164, 169 Poland, 101 Policymakers, 155 Political, 2, 10, 12, 17, 23, 96, 147, 153, 155, 157, 158, 161, 183, 184, 187, 195 Political and university ecologies., 161 Political philosophies, 187 Pollution, 8 Popular discourses about healthcare, 164 Portugal, 101 Possible societal scenarios, 145 Possible threats, 174, 176 Potential underlying linguistic, 41 Poverty, 9 Power distance, 45, 57 Pragmatic problem-solving device, 152 Pragmatic value, 171 Praxiographical, 168 Prescribe, 27, 28, 47, 51, 57, 80, 82, 83, 85 87, 89, 90, 104 Prescribers, 50 Prescribing, 37, 56, 61, 62, 74, 82, 86, 88, 104 Prescription pattern, 152 Prestige, 160 Prevention of antimicrobial resistance, 144, 148 Primary care, 61 Private doctors, 87 Private medical centres, 87 Problem-spaces, 148 Production of pigs for slaughter, 129 Production of wealth, 8, 9 Productivity, 114, 119, 124, 188 Professional, 2, 22, 50, 82 84, 90, 91, 123, , 151, 154, 156, 157, 159, 160, 178, 184, , 195, 202 assessment of an animal surgeon, 123 authority, 145, 147 community, the, 192 knowledge, 82, 156, 157, 160 Profit, 119, 130 Promptly treated, 170 Proof, 15, 73, 74, 88, 188, 190 Proper diagnostic procedure, 36 Protocol, 85, 91, 169, 190 Psychological factors, 166 Psychosocial dimensions, 171 Psy-medical competence, 23, 165, 173, 175, 177, 178 Public conception, 115, 127, 137 Public health, 42, 120, 127, 128, , , 144, 145, 189, 190, 193, 206 Public hospitals, 115 Q Qualitative approach, 89 Qualitative interviews, 82, 133, 169, 206 Qualitative studies, 165, 167 Quality and protein-enriched food, 124

10 218 Index R Radiance, 175 Rational discourse, 177 Rationality, 105, 168, 174, 175 Realities of the profession, 159 Reality test, 188 Realms, 151, 166 Reassurance and legitimation of a knowable, 172 Recedes behind the interpretations, 167 Recommendation, 67 Reduction of virtual to actual selves, a, 136 Reflexive modernization, 145 Reflexive process of modernization, 147 Reflexive scrutiny, 186 Regimes support, 187 Regulate, 3, 97, 103, 176 Regulations, 42, 46, 96, 108, 115, 130, 136, 147 Regulative frameworks, 95 Regulatory initiatives, 103 Regulatory regime, the, 6 Representative power, 191 Resistance, 25 27, 35, 36, 41 47, 52, 55 57, 61, 62, 64, 67, 70, 72, 74, 75, 79, 88, 89, 95 97, , 105 Respect, 4, 11, 13, 27, 48, 70, 135, 150, 156, 186, 187, 189, 194 Responsible, 3, 14, 18, 37, 57, 129, 137, 139, 140, 163 Responsible farmers, 139 Restrict, 184 Risk, 27, 36, 52, 61, 62, 75, 79, 86, 97, 99, 105, 106 assessments, 7 discourse, 159 management, 13, 15, 16, 22, 157, 174 realities, , 159 Risky uncertainties, 185 Romance languages, 50 S Sacks, H., 35 Safety, 152, 153, 160, 174 Sampling strategy, 150 Scientific truth, 171 Scientific controversy, 12 Scientific reasons, 189 Scientific society, 148, 156, 157, 160 Scientific, social and political problem, 183 Second-hand smoke, 175 Self-medication, 81 Self-monitor, 186 Senior farmers, 136, 137, 139 Serious risks to public health, 139 Situated negotiation, 195 Situated prescription dilemmas, 146 Snowball sampling, 133 Social construction, 112 Social factors, 90 Social interaction, 112 Social logic, , 195 Social movements, 17 Social science, 111 Social sciences and humanities, 2 Social stigmatization, 139 Societal and political interference, 147 Societal level, 194 Sociological and cognate social science, 158 Sociological investigations, 186

11 Index 219 Sociological profession, 147 Socio-natural consequences, 194 Socio-natural issues, 185 Southern Europe, 41 Southern Italy, 48 Spain, 79 Spanish doctors, 91, 202, 206 Specific global scenario, 145 Stakeholder interviews, 133 Standardization requirements and the decentralization of local practices, 152 Standardized, 190, 191 Standardized routines, 190 Standards, 98, 105, 115, 139, , 152, 184, 189, 196 Statens Serum Institute, 46 States of not-knowing, 178 Statistics, 14, 15, 21, 128, 157 Stigmatized, 132, 136, 140, 168, 205 Stivers, T., 36 Strategies for the interviews with farmers and farm workers, 132 Strategies of intervention, 164 Strathern, Marilyn, 112 Strict policy-making, 165 Subjectification, 179 Subpopulation of children with ear disorders, 156 Suffering, 32, 63, 152, Summer, 16 Surveillance, 46, 104, 115, 144, , 160, 184 Sweden, 101 Swine production, 100 Swine-MRSA, 115, 128 Symbolic, 188 Symptom explanation, 70 Symptoms, 19, 26, 27, 36, 52, 62 65, 68, 74, 75, 81, 82, 85 87, 89, 169, 171, 189, 191 Syphilis, 116 T Tail dockings, 123 Talk on cough, 64 Tangible mechanisms, 171 Tensions in clinical practice, 144, 158 Terrorism, 175 Tetracycline, , 134 Theoretical, conceptual, and methodological framework, 144 Therapeutic, 157, 165, 171, 184 Tolerance, 179 Tradition, 103, 167, 187, 193 Traditional forms of social actions, 103 Transdisciplinary approaches, 178 Transformative mechanisms, 143 Transnational organizations, 147 Transition stage, 171 Transportation of the pigs, 124 Treatability, 65 Treatment, 4, 5, 18 20, 23, 26 29, 35, 36, 41 43, 62 65, 67, 70, 72 75, 84, 86, 89, 91, 117, 128, 145, 150, 153, 156, 165, 167, 170, 172, 175, 179, 185, , 193, 195, 206, 207 Turkey, 99 Turner, Victor, 171 U UK, 48 media, 186 Uncertainty intensifies, 173

12 220 Index Understanding, 2, 5, 7, 9, 13, 17, 20, 29, 34, 37, 53, 62, 63, 68, 73, 74, 80, 83, 113, 139, 143, 146, 147, 154, 157, 163, 165, 166, 171, 174, 178, 185, 189, 190, 207 Unnecessary antibiotic prescription, 164 Unnecessary prescribing, 62 US, 57 Users, 5, 18, 103, 104, 165, 206, 207 V Value-oriented forms of social action, 103 Veterinary and the human sectors, 95 Veterinary sector, 4, 5, 7, 96, 100, 106, 108, 154, 194 Veterinary surgeons, 116, , 133 Virus-borne, 200 W Weber, Max, 102 Western European, 101 Will to knowledge, 172, 178, 179 Winter, 16, 29 World Antibiotic Awareness Week, 43 World Health Organization (WHO), 41, 43, 128, 145 Worried, 5, 153, 170 Y Yellow Card scheme, 129, 130 Younger doctors, 152 Young farmers, 139

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE and causes of non-prudent use of antibiotics in human medicine in the EU

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