PLL vs Sea Turtle. ACTIVITIES Fishing Trials. ACTIVITIES Promotion/WS

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1 PROGRAM TITLE : Stock Enhancement for Threatened Species of International Concern PROJECT TITLE : Interaction Between Sea Turtle and Fisheries in Southeast Asian Region PROJECT DURATION : T BACKGROUND : - Refer to Technical Consultation on Sea turtle Conservation and Fisheries held by FAO in late Mortality of the Sea Turtle is one of the international concern issues (Sea turtle is as an indicator of marine ecosystem conditions) - Pelagic Longline is one of the commercial fisheries that affects to the sea turtle mortality - Fishing gear modification to reduce sea turtle mortality was introduced - Limited information available on fisheries related sea turtle mortality PLL vs Sea Turtle BET Swordfish YFT Black marlin SKJ kg kg 5 pcs 53.0 kg, 1 pcs 5.0 kg, 1 pcs. Catch Composition of tuna longline in the Eastern Indian Ocean in 2003 Used J-hooksJ 21 pcs kg 28 pcs Olive Ridley turtle Snake mackerel Lancetfish Escolar Sickle pomfret Common dolphinfish Sting ray Crocodile shark Spottail shark White-tipped shark Blue shark 35.0 kg, 2 pcs 8.0 kg, 2 pcs 7.5 kg, 9 pcs 18.0 kg, 2 pcs 20.9kg, 5 pcs 30.0 kg, 4 pcs kg, 21 pcs kg, 18 pcs kg, 5 pcs kg, 4 pcs kg, 44 pcs MAIN OBJECTIVES : >> To conduct the experiments on the efficiency of Circle hook in comparison with the J-Hooks in pelagic/tuna longline fishing To provide better understanding on the Sea turtle interaction from fishing activity through Onsite Training/workshop, as well as to introduce/promote the use of Circle Hook in Longline Fishing Information collection on Sea turtles interaction >> To conduct the fishing trials and promotion on use of c-hook in bottom longline fishing in the coastal areas operated by small scale fishers Information collection on Sea turtles interaction from Gillnet fisheries Bigeye thresher shark 28.0 kg, 2 pcs. ACTIVITIES Fishing Trials Preparation of longline gear using New type of circle hook 1st Experiment on Pelagic and Bottom Vertical longline (Indian O) Info. Collection on mortality of sea turtle from FADs in Indian Ocean 2 nd Experiment on Pelagic and Bottom Vertical longline (Andaman) 3 rd Experiment on Pelagic and Bottom Vertical longline (SCS/BN) 4 th Experiment on Pelagic and Bottom Vertical longline (Sulu Sea) Data analysis from the experiments Preliminary Report on Fishery-Sea turtle Interaction (1 st Draft) JAN FEB MAR ACTIVITIES Promotion/WS Literature reviews on Mitigation of the Fishery-Sea turtle Interaction Produced the information packages 1 ST Workshop for Fishers in Nhatrang, Vietnam (with RIMF) Produced the Circle hook lines for distribution to MCs (PH and ID) 2 nd Workshop for Fishers in Navotus, The Philippines (with BFAR) Guidelines for longline fisheries to reduce sea turtle mortality 3 rd Workshop for Fishers in Tuna Fishing Port, Bali, Indonesia (with RCCF) JAN FEB MAR

2 Implementationin Preparation of longline gear using circle hook Activities Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Otc Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Otc Nov Dec Datacollectionthroughinternet,newson interactions FishingTrialsonUseofChookinPelagicLongline: AndamanSea(Myanmar&Thai) PreparatoryworkontheFishingTrialsforBottom LonglineChook FishingTrialsonUseofChookinPelagicLongline: MindanaoSea,thePhilippines DemonstrationonFishingTrialsusingChookin BottomLonglineinKuantan, WorkshoponUsageofChookinBottomLongline tofishersinmalacca,malaysia PreparatoryworkonPelagicLonglinesystemwith Chook PromotionofPelagicLonglinewithChookin Vietnam WorkshoponUsageofChookinBottomLongline tofishersinmyanmar X X FinalReport X 1) Indian Ocean: Eastern Indian Ocean (Dec 05) 2) Andaman Sea (Jan-Feb 2006) 3) The South China Sea : Brunei Darussalam waters (June 06) 4) Sulu Sea : The Philippines waters (Oct 2006) 1) To investigate the efficiency of 18/0 with minimum offset (0-10 o ) circle hook in comparison with J-hookJ 2) To investigate the hooking positions between two different types of hook 3) To investigate the impact of LL on sea turtle mortality Milkfish J-hook Circle hook Mackerel

3 Hook rate 1. C-hook have higher hook rate in comparison with J-hook Hook rate 22% reducing of Shark-Ray and Others non valued by-catch when used Circle hooks Purse Seine : Avoid encirclement of sea turtle to the extent practical FADs: Selected net materials Avoid encirclement of sea turtle by using small mesh size Mouth For Circle Hook: 80% of total fishes were caught at mouth position For J-hook: 20% of hooks were swallowed into Digestive System

4 a)circlehooksize18/0withminimumoffset(0 Circlehooksize18/0withminimumoffset(01010 o ) whichsignificantlyreducetherateof hookingestionbyseaturtleshouldbeusedinsteadofthetraditionaljhooktoreduce tionaljhooktoreduce seaturtleinteractioninthepelagiclongline longlinefishing. b)de Dehookerandlinecutterdeviceshouldbeavailable onlongline fishingvessel.de hookerandlinecutterfacilitatethequickandefficientreleaseofhookedand eofhookedand entangledseaturtle,therebyincreasingtheirchanceofpostreleasesurvival. leasesurvival. c)theunderstandingandabilitytocomprehendeachstepofproceduretohandlethe stepofproceduretohandlethe hookedseaturtle whichhauledaboardwouldhelpminimizingthemortalitygreatly. d)oneormoreofthefollowingavoidancemeasuresshouldbeapplied,takinginto lied,takinginto accountthesituationofseaturtleisfoundinfishingground. i)avoidunintentionalcatchesofseaturtlesbyreducingthetimetheirhooksareinthe reducingthetimetheirhooksareinthe waterduringdaylighthours. ii)usemackerelforbaitratherthansquid. Coastal Area : Coastal Trawl Gill net Bottom Longline Offshore/ Deep Sea Area : Drift Gill Net Pelagic/ Tuna Longline Purse Seine with FADs Coastal Trawl : such as Shrimp Trawl Promote the use of TEDs for Shrimp Trawl Other Trawl Fisheries Collect data to identify sea turtle interaction Purse Seine : Avoid encirclement of sea turtle to the extent practical FADs: used net materials Avoid encirclement of sea turtle by using small mesh size Trawl Net Cod End

5 Longline : Gill Net : Use appropriate combination of hook design, type of bait, depth and other fishing practise Retention and use of necessary equipment for appropriate release of Sea turtle Refrain from fishing near turtle nesting beaches during turtle nesting season Carefully set the turtle free from the net, if necessary use clippers to cut the net SeaTurtleInteraction fromdriftgillnet GEARS AND METHODS RESULTS GEARS AND METHODS

6 Merit of Circle Hook Ease of operation Safety Low possibility of harvest losses High efficacy in comparison with traditional J-hook This is the last Workshop for to promotion on C-hook in Bottom Longline which is planned to be implemented in November 2008 in Myanmar THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION By Somboon Siriraksophon Yoursuggestions Waytopromotetheuseofcirclehookinhookline fishing; Othertypeofawarenessbuildingprograms/package; Waytoimplementtheprojectactivitywithinlimit budget; Howtocollectinformationfromthegillnetfishingin coastalareasinseacountries;and Researchontheinteractionbetweentheseaturtules andfishinggear Others..