Article. The Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of New Caledonia and Loyalty Islands. II. Revision of the tribe Tyrini Reitter, 1882

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1 Zootaxa 2010: (2009) Copyright 2009 Magnolia Press Article ISSN (print edition) ZOOTAXA ISSN (online edition) The Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of New Caledonia and Loyalty Islands. II. Revision of the tribe Tyrini Reitter, 1882 PETER HLAVÁČ Na doline 14, SK , Košice, Slovakia. Abstract The tribe Tyrini of New Caledonia is revised. The genus Anagonus Fauvel is redescribed based on the study of the type species, A. fracticornis Fauvel. Two new species of Anagonus are also described, A. spinipalpis sp. nov. and A. breviscapus sp. nov. Two new genera: Caledonogonus gen. nov., with two new species, C. loebli sp. nov. and C. pilosus sp. nov., and Paranagonus gen. nov. with one new species, P. excavatus sp. nov., are described. Keys to genera and species are provided. Key words: Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae, Tyrini, revison, New Caledonia Introduction The tribe Tyrini belongs to the supertribe Pselaphitae and currently includes 556 extant species placed in 82 valid genera (Hlaváč & Chandler 2005, Hlaváč 2006, Newton & Chandler 2007). Although the tribe is well represented in Australia, New Guinea and New Zealand, only one monospecific genus, Anagonus Fauvel, 1903, has been known from New Caledonia and none from Oceania. This genus with one species, based upon a single male specimen, was described 104 years ago. The revision of Pselaphinae of Oceania, with a special focus on the Fiji Islands (Park 1952), also included New Caledonia, but did not recognize any members of Pselaphitae. Although Pselaphini, a subject of the next study, are very well represented in New Caledonia by many undescribed genera and species (Hlaváč, unpublished), members of Tyrini seem to be very rare. Thanks to collecting efforts of Stewart Peck, Marek Wanat, Rich Leschen, Geoff Monteith and Ivan Löbl, I was able to examine almost 5000 specimens of Pselaphinae from this region. Of these only 53 specimens belong to the tribe Tyrini, subtribe Tyrina. All other subtribes of Tyrini remain unknown for New Caledonia. Material and methods Specimens were examined with a Leica S8APO stereo-microscope with diffuse lighting at magnifications up to 128X. Male genitalia and other dissected parts were studied using a Zeiss transmitted-light microscope at magnifications up to 500X. Genital segments were dissected and treated with KOH when necessary. All drawings were made using a drawing tube. The dissected parts have been mounted in Euparal and pinned with the specimen. The following acronyms are used in the text: MHNG MNHN Muséum d Histoire Naturelle, Genève, Switzerland (G. Cuccodoro) Muséum National d'histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (A. Taghavian) 46 Accepted by V. Gusarov: 17 Dec. 2008; published: 13 Feb. 2009

2 MNHW QMBA CPH Museum of Natural History, Wrocław University, Poland (M. Wanat) Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (G. Montheith) private collection of the author In type label descriptions the slash symbol / separates data from different labels, my remarks and clarifications are given in square brackets. Head length is measured from the base to the anterior margin of the frontal rostrum; head width is measured across the eyes; elytron length is measured from the apex of scutellum to the posterior margin of elytron; the width of antennal segments is their maximum width. Taxonomy Tyrini Reitter, 1882 Tyrini Reitter, 1882: 185. The modern diagnosis of the tribe was provided by Chandler (2001: 400). Key to Tyrini of New Caledonia and Loyalty Islands 1 Each elytron with one basal fovea. Head ventrally with parallel ridges bearing sharp spines located closer to base of head, lateral pronotal foveae present. Apical maxillary palpal pseudosegment present (Figs. 9 11) Each elytron with two basal foveae. Head ventrally lacking ridges and spines. Lateral pronotal foveae absent. Apical maxillary palpal pseudosegment absent (Fig. 12)...Caledonogonus gen. nov. 2 Anterior part of pronotum round, lacking lateral angles. Temples rounded... Anagonus Fauvel - Anterior part of pronotum with well defined lateral angles. Temples angular... Paranagonus gen. nov. Anagonus Fauvel, 1903 Anagonus Fauvel, 1903: 284. Type species: Anagonus fracticornis Fauvel, 1903 (by monotypy). Diagnosis. Head with vertexal foveae devoid of setae, ventrally with prominent, parallel ridges, each bearing sharp spines at middle; maxillary palpi with three apical segments pedunculate at base, fourth segment triangular, apical pseudosegment present. Pronotum round, with median and lateral foveae of different sizes. Each elytron with one large basal foveae. Abdomen with first visible tergite (tergite IV) slightly longer than second (tergite V). Description. Body length mm. Head with broad frontal rostrum (exception is A. spinipalpis which has narrower rostrum) antennal tubercles prominent, prolonged posteriad; rostral apex betweeen antennal tubercles with deep impression or sulcus (in A. spinipalpis); frontal fovea absent, two vertexal foveae well-defined but devoid of setae; eyes large, prominent, with 9 15 facets; temples short, rounded; head ventrally with prominent, parallel ridges, each bearing sharp spines at middle, large gular fovea present; maxillary palpi with segments II IV pedunculate at base, segment II longest, with or without small inner tooth in apical third, segment III with or without large, lateral spine, segment IV of different shape, with large sensory area at apex bearing apical psedosegment; antennae with eleven antennomeres, covered with dense setae, scape long to very long, sometimes bent, about times longer than pedicel, club with three to four segments; neck broad. Pronotum round, anterolateral corners completely absent, with median fovea devoid of setae, lateral foveae sparsely setose or also naked, foveae of different sizes, lacking antebasal sulcus; widest in apical third and convergent to apex. Thorax with median and lateral mesoventral foveae, with median and lateral metaventral foveae, metaventral apex broadly concave. TYRINI OF NEW CALEDONIA Zootaxa Magnolia Press 47

3 Elytra short, each elytron triangular, with one basal fovea; with deep discal stria extending from basal fovea and reaching apex of elytron. Legs long and slender, protrochanter and profemora modified. Abdomen longer than elytra, with first visible tergite (tergite IV) longer than second (tergite V), convex, lacking basal depression, carinae, sulci or foveae; paratergites VII X well-developed. Sexual dimorphism not apparent. Remarks. Anagonus, Paranagonus gen. nov. and Caledonogonus gen. nov. are closely related genera and well-isolated within the Tyrina. They are characterized by the combination of the following characters: 1) head triangular; 2) rostrum relatively broad and with large impression between antennal tubercles which are distinct and prominent; 3) scape long, usually bent, three or more times longer than pedicel; 4) each elytron short and triangular, strongly expanded from base to apex; 5) shape of maxillary palpi with triangular fourth segment. Anagonus can be separated from Caledonogonus by having one basal elytral fovea, presence of lateral pronotal foveae and apical pseudosegment of maxillary palpus. Anagonus can be readily distinguished from the more closely related Paranagonus by the shape of pronotum (lacking anterior angles and rounded anterior margin) and by rounded temples. Distribution. New Caledonia. Key to species of Anagonus 1 Scape very long, at least six times as long as wide Scape shorter, about four times as long as wide... A. breviscapus sp. nov. 2 Third segment of maxillary palpus with long lateral spines (Fig. 11)... A. spinipalpis sp. nov. - Third segment of maxillary palpus lacking spines (Fig. 9)... A. fracticornis Fauvel Anagonus fracticornis Fauvel, 1903 (Figs. 1, 2, 9, 13, 14) Anagonus fracticornis Fauvel, 1903: 285. Type material (%). Holotype: NEW CALEDONIA: %, [pink label] Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B. Nouvelle Calédonie Yahoué 2, rec Deplanche Fauvel / [red label] TYPE / Coll. et det. A. Fauvel Anagonus fracticornis Fvl. / [red ink] HOLOTYPE Anagonus fracticornis Fauvel, det. P. Hlaváč, 2007 (IRSNB). Additional material examined (2%%, 2&&). NEW CALEDONIA: &, Mt. Koghi, primary forest, m, x.1998, I. Löbl; %, &, Forêt Nord site 2, 22 o 19 S 166 o 55 E, 210 m, 21.IV.2005, Monteith, berlesate; %: Mt. Mou, base, 22 o 05 S 166 o 20 E, 350 m, 18.IV.2005, GB Monteith, berlesate (%, &: QMBA, %, &: CPH). Description. Body length mm, glossy, with sparse and erect golden setae; head and pronotum light brown, elytra, abdomen, legs and antennae yellowish brown, maxillary palpi yellow. Head 1.1 times as wide as long, with large frontal rostrum, antennal tubercles well-defined, rostral apex with deep triangular depression between antennal tubercles; eyes with facets; maxillary palpi (Fig. 9) long, their segment I minuscule, II with small inner tooth, III pedunculate, lacking lateral spine, partly with wrinkled surface; antennae very long, scape more than seven times as long as pedicel and nearly three times as long as terminal antennomere, slightly shorter than funicule, antennomeres III VII elongate, club foursegmented, VIII rhomboic, slightly longer than wide, IX 1.2 times as wide as long, X 1.7 times as wide as long, terminal antennomere pointed at apex, 1.65 times as long as wide and three times as long as X. Pronotum as long as wide, 1.25 times as wide as head, widest in apical third, lateral foveae large, slightly setose. 48 Zootaxa Magnolia Press HLAVÁČ

4 FIGURE 1. Anagonus fracticornis, habitus (ex Hlaváč & Chandler 2005). Legs long, protrochanter with two spines, basal spine longer and more robust than apical one, almost as long as single basal spine on profemora. Abdomen 1.6 times longer than elytra. Aedeagus as in Figs. 13, 14. Remarks. Anagonus fracticornis is closely allied to A. spinipalpis sharing with this species a very long scape, but is readily separated by the shape of third segment of maxillary palpus which lacks a lateral protuberance. Biology. All recent material was collected by sifting in primary forest. Anagonus breviscapus sp. nov. (Figs. 3, 10) Type material (%). Holotype: NEW CALEDONIA: %, New Caledonia, above Serraméa creek, leaf litter, 24.x.1998, I. Löbl / [red label], HOLOTYPE Anagonus breviscapus sp. nov., P. Hlaváč det., 2007 (MHNG). Description. Body length about 1.85 mm, shining, with sparse long erect golden setae, head and pronotum light brown, elytra, abdomen, maxillary palpi, antennae and legs lighter, yellowish brown. TYRINI OF NEW CALEDONIA Zootaxa Magnolia Press 49

5 Head 1.3 times as long as wide, with wide frontal rostrum; rostral apex with deep, elongate impression between antennal tubercles which are well-defined; eyes with about 10 facets; maxillary palpi (Fig. 10) long, segment I minuscule, II with weakly defined inner tooth, III pedunculate at base, lacking lateral protuberance and lacking wrinkled surface; antennae very long, reaching middle of abdomen, scape about 4 times as long as pedicel and about 1.4 times as long as terminal antennomere, about half length of funicule, antennomeres II VIII elongate, club three-segmented, antennomeres IX and X about as long as wide, terminal antennomere pointed at apex, about twice as long as wide and about 2.8 times as long as X. FIGURES 2 7. Habitus photos of Tyrini. 2 Anagonus fracticornis Fauvel; 3 A. breviscapus sp. nov.; 4 A. spinipalpis sp. nov.; 5 Caledonogonus loebli sp. nov.; 6 C. pilosus sp. nov.; 7 Paranagonus excavatus sp. nov. 50 Zootaxa Magnolia Press HLAVÁČ

6 Pronotum slightly longer than wide, and 1.3 times as long as head, widest before middle, lateral foveae small, lacking setae. Legs long, protrochanter with two spines; basal spine longer and more robustr than apical one, almost as long as single basal spine on profemora. Abdomen 1.5 times longer than elytra, first visible tergite (tergite IV) 1.8 times as long as second (V). Remarks. Anagonus breviscapus can be easily separated from both congeners by the short scape and by the first visible tergite (tergite IV) 1.8 times as long as second (tergite V). Adeagus was lost during the preparation. An additional specimen, a female collected from Col des Roussettes by Ivan Löbl (MHNG), is very similar to A. breviscapus, but has the first visible tergite (tergite IV) much shorter than in the holotype of A. breviscapus, not more that 1.5 times as long as the second visible tergite (tergite V). Further, this female specimen has a much larger body, about 2.2 mm long. For the time being I decided not to name this specimen. Biology. The holotype was sifted from leaf litter in a humid ravine in tropical forest and extracted by Winkler-Mocsarski eclectors (Löbl, personal communication). Etymology. The name of the new species refers to its short scape. Anagonus spinipalpis sp. nov. (Figs. 4, 11) Type material (2&&). Holotype: NEW CALEDONIA: &, NEW CALEDONIA (S), 22 o 05 S 166 o 37 E, m, Haute Rivière Bleue, Sentier de Kaoris, virgin humid forest, sifted, , leg. M. Wanat / [red label] HOLOTYPE Anagonus spinipalpis sp. nov., P. Hlaváč det., 2007 (MNHW). Paratype: NEW CALEDONIA: &, NEW CALEDONIA, Rivière Bleue, Mois de Mai / QN Berlesate 1089, 22 o 06 S 166 o 38 E, rainforest, 800 m, sieved litter / [red label] PARATYPE Anagonus spinipalpis sp. nov., P. Hlaváč det., 2007 (QMBA). Description. Body length about 1.8 mm, shining, with sparse, erect golden setae, uniformly coloured dark brown to almost black, maxillary palpi much lighter. Head about as long as wide, with narrow frontal rostrum; rostral apex with deep elongate impression between antennal tubercles which are well-defined; eyes somewhat small, with about 9 facets; maxillary palpi long (Fig. 11), segment I minuscule, II with small inner tooth, III pedunculate at base, with large lateral spine, lacking wrinkled surface; antennae very long, reaching middle of abdomen, scape about seven times as long as pedicel and 2.15 times as long as terminal antennomere, slightly shorter than funicule, antennomeres II VII elongate, club four-segmented, VIII rhombic, slightly longer than wide, IX and X about as long as wide, terminal antennomere pointed at apex, about 2.7 times as long as wide and about four times as long as X. Pronotum about as long as wide, 1.15 times as long as head, widest before middle, each lateral fovea prolonged anteriorly by deep sulcus. Legs long, protrochanter and profemora with long, subequal and outwardly curved basal spines. Abdomen 1.4 times as long as elytra, first visible tergite (tergite IV) slightly longer than second (tergite V). Remarks. Anagonus spinipalpis is readily distinguished from its congeners by its entirely dark brown colour, and the presence of a lateral protuberance on the third maxillary palpus as well as with lateral fovea prolonged anteriorly by deep sulcus Biology. Both specimens were sifted in virgin humid forest and extracted by Berlese. Etymology. The name of the new species refers to the presence of the lateral protuberance on the third segment of maxillary palpi. TYRINI OF NEW CALEDONIA Zootaxa Magnolia Press 51

7 Caledonogonus gen. nov. TERMS OF USE Type species. Caledonogonus loebli sp. nov. Diagnosis. Head with vertexal foveae present, ventrally lacking ridges and spines, maxillary palpi with segments II and III pedunculate at base, fourth segment triangular, apical pseudosegment absent. Pronotum with distinct median fovea, lacking lateral foveae, median metaventral fovea present. Each elytron with two basal foveae. Abdomen with first visible tergite (tergite IV) longest. Description. Length mm. Head with broad rostrum bearing large triangular depression between distinct and prominent antennal tubercles, frontal foveae absent, vertexal foveae punctiform; eyes large, prominent, with 5 8 facets, temples short, rounded; ventrally head with median gular fovea transverse, two anterior foveae located before eyes well-defined, lacking ridges and spines; maxillary palpi (Fig. 12) with segments II III pedunculate, segment II pedunculate in basal half, longest, about twice as long as III, segment III almost oval, gradually widening to apex from very shortly pedunculate base, segment IV triangular, with large sensory area at apex and lacking apical pseudosegment; antennae (Fig. 8) covered with dense setae, scape bent and very long, about as long as funicule, much longer than pedicel, club three-segmented; neck broad. Pronotum round, anterolateral angles completely absent, with median fovea devoid of setae, lacking lateral foveae and antebasal sulcus. Thorax with median mesoventral foveae, without lateral procoxal foveae, but with median and lateral metaventral foveae. Elytra short, each with two basal foveae; each fovea with stria extending from foveae through nearly three-quarters of elytron length. Abdomen longer than elytra, with first visible tergite (tergite IV) longest, but only slightly longer than second visible tergite (tergite V) and distinctly shorter than second and third visible tergites combined; convex, lacking basal depression, carinae and sulci; tergite IV with lateral foveae adjacent to paratergite present, paratergites VII X well developed. Sexual dimorphism not apparent. Remarks. Caledonogonus can be readily separated from Anagonus and Paranagonus by the presence of two basal foveae on each elytron, the lack of ridges and spines on the ventral side of the head, the absence of the lateral pronotal foveae and the apical palpal pseudosegment. Distribution: New Caledonia. Etymology. The name is a combination of Caledono- referring to New Caledonia and -gonus showing the relationship of the new genus to Anagonus. Gender masculine. Key to species of Caledonogonus 1 Disc of pronotum almost smooth, punctation varying from very weak to absent. Pubescence of head and pronotum sparse. Terminal antennomere about 1.7 times as long as wide... C. loebli sp. nov. - Disc of the pronotum with well defined, dense punctation. Pubescence of head and pronotum denser. Terminal antennomere about 1.9 times as long as widec. pilosus sp. nov. Caledonogonus loebli sp. nov. (Figs. 5, 8,12, 15, 16) Type material (38 specimens). Holotype: NEW CALEDONIA: %, New Caledonia, Col des Roussettes, ravine, forest litter, 25.ix.1998, I. Löbl / [red label] HOLOTYPE Caledonogonus loebli sp. nov. P. Hlaváč det. 2007, (MHNG). Paratypes: NEW CALEDONIA: 10%%, 7&&, the same locality as holotype; 7%%, 10&&, 3 specimens: FM (HD) , NEW CALEDONIA: Col de Rousettes nr. Bourail, 500 m, VIII , Leg. 52 Zootaxa Magnolia Press HLAVÁČ

8 S&J Peck, Berlese rainforest litter. All paratypes bear the following red label: PARATYPE Caledonogonus loebli sp. nov., P. Hlaváč det., 2007 (6%%, 4&&, 1 specimen: MHNG, 5%%, 8&&, 2 specimens: FMNH, 2%%, 2&&: QMBA, 3%%, 3&&: CPH). FIGURES Antenna (8) and maxillary palpus (9 12) of Tyrini. 8, 12 Caledonogonus loebli sp. nov.; 9 Anagonus fracticornis Fauvel; 10 A. breviscapus sp. nov.; 11 A. spinipalpis sp. nov. Scale bar 0.2 mm. Description. Body length mm, shining, dark reddish-brown, with long golden setae except on disc of pronotum; elytra and first visible abdominal tergite (tergite IV), legs, maxillary palpi and apical antennomeres lighter, yellowish brown. Head about as long as wide and slightly shorter than pronotum, pronotum widest in apical third; antenna (Fig. 8) short and stout, scape about five times as long as pedicel, slightly shorter than funicule, antennomeres III VI quadrate, VII VIII transverse, three-segmented antennal club very clearly defined, antennomeres IX and X about equal in size, X about 1.5 times as wide as long, terminal antennomere pointed apically, about 1.7 times as long as wide. Legs shorter, protrochanter with two minuscule spines, lateral one longer. Aedeagus as in Figs. 15, 16. Remarks. Anagonus loebli is readily distinguished from its congener by smooth disc of pronotum and shorter terminal antennomere. Biology. All specimens collected by Ivan Löbl were sifted from leaf litter in a humid ravine in tropical forest and extracted by Winkler-Mocsarski eclectors (Löbl, personal communication). Etymology. The species is named after my friend Ivan Löbl (Geneva) who collected the holotype and some of the paratypes. Caledonogonus pilosus sp. nov. (Figs. 6, 17, 18) Type material (%, &). Holotype: NEW CALEDONIA: %, NEW CALEDONIA , 20 o 47 S x 164 o 35 E, 980 m, Mt. Taom summit, Site 1. 4Jan2005, G.Monteith, Berlesate, sieved litter, RF / [red label] HOLOTYPE Caledonogonus pilosus sp. nov. P. Hlaváč det (MNHN). Paratype: NEW CALEDONIA: &, the same TYRINI OF NEW CALEDONIA Zootaxa Magnolia Press 53

9 data as holotype, with the following red label (p) PARATYPE Caledonogonus pilosus sp. nov. P. Hlaváč det (QMBA). Description. Body length mm, shining, entirely dark brown, with long and dense setation on whole body; legs, maxillary palpi and antennae slightly lighter. Head slightly wider than long and slightly shorter than pronotum, pronotum globular; antenna short and stout, scape about five times as long as pedicel, about as long as funicule, antennomeres III VI quadrate, VII VIII transverse, three-segmented antennal club very clearly defined, antennomeres IX and X of about same size, transverse, terminal antennomere pointed apically, 1.9 times as long as wide. Legs shorter; protrochanter with one laterally bent spine; profemur close to base with well defined spine. Aedeagus as in Figs. 17, 18. Biology. All specimens were sifted from leaf litter in rain forest and extracted by Berlese. Etymology. The name of the species relates to its pubescent body. Paranagonus gen. nov. Type species. Paranagonus excavatus sp. nov. Diagnosis. Head with vertexal foveae devoid of setae, ventrally lacking prominent parallel ridges but with sharp spines, maxillary palpi with segments II IV pedunculate at base, segment IV triangular, apical pseudosegment present. Pronotum with sharp, very prominent anterior angles and concave anterior margin, with median fovea devoid of setae and large lateral setose fovea. Each elytron with one large basal fovea. Abdomen with first visible tergite (tergite IV) almost twice as long as second (tergite V). Description. Length 1.9 mm. Head triangular, with broad rostrum which bears large, triangular depression between distinct and prominent antennal tubercles, frontal foveae absent, vertexal foveae well defined, deep, devoid of setae; eyes large, prominent, with about seven facets, temples very short, angular; head ventrally with median gular fovea transverse, with two anterior pits located before eyes well defined, without prominent parallel ridges but with sharp spines; maxillary palpi with segment II pedunculate in basal half; segment III pedunculate at base and longest, almost oval, gradually widening to apex from very abruptly pedunculate base; fourth segment also slightly peduculate at base, with apical pseudosegment. Antennae with all antennomeres covered with dense setae, scape bent and very long, much longer than pedicel, club foursegmented. Neck broad. Pronotum with anterior angles sharp and very prominent, median fovea distinct and devoid of setae, lateral foveae large and setose; pronotum lacking antebasal sulcus, anterior margin concave. Thorax with median and lateral metaventral foveae. Elytra short, each elytron triangular with one basal fovea; with striae extending from basal fovea and reaching apex of elytron. Abdomen longer than elytra, with first visible tergite (tergite IV) longest, almost twice as long as second visible tergite (tergite V), lacking basal depression, sulci or foveae; paratergites VII X well developed. Sexual dimorphism. Female unknown. Remarks. See discussion under Anagonus. Distribution: New Caledonia. Etymology. The name is formed as a combination of Greek para-, meaning beside or near, and Anagonus, showing the relation of the new genus to Anagonus. Gender masculine. 54 Zootaxa Magnolia Press HLAVÁČ

10 FIGURES Aedeagus of Tyrini, dorsal (13, 15, 17, 19) and lateral (14, 16, 18, 20) aspects. 13, 14 Anagonus fracticornis Fauvel; 15, 16 Caledonogonus loebli sp. nov.; 17, 18 C. pilosus sp. nov. (parameres missing); 19, 20 Paranagonus excavatus sp. nov. Scale bar 0.2 mm. Paranagonus excavatus sp. nov. (Figs. 7, 19, 20) Type material (%): Holotype: NEW CALEDONIA: %, (p) NEW CALEDONIA, Col d Amieu, W slope, 27 January 2004, G.B.Monteith / QM Berlesate 1120, 21 o 37 S x 165 o 49 E, rainforest, 470 m, sieved litter / red label (p) HOLOTYPE Paranagonus excavatus sp. nov., P. Hlaváč det., 2007, (MNHN). Description. Body length 1.85 mm, shining and with dense, erect golden setae; head and pronotum brown, elytra, abdomen, legs and antennae lighter, yellowish brown, maxillary palpi yellow. Head triangular, frontal rostrum about half as wide as base of head, rostral apex with deep but short triangular depression between well defined antennal tubercles; eyes with six facets; antennae long, scape seven times as long as pedicel and about 1.7 times as long as terminal antennomere, pedicel short, 1.5 times shorter than antennomere IV, antennomeres III V elongate, IV V of about the same length, 1.3 times as long as III, antennomere VII slightly longer than globular antennomere VI, antennomeres VIII X transverse, IX X about same size and larger than asymmetric antennomere VIII, terminal antennomere pointed at apex, about twice as long as wide. Pronotum about as long as wide and 1.3 times as long as head, widest just behind anterior corners, lateral foveae setose. Abdomen 1.4 times longer than elytra, first visible tergite (tergite IV) twice as long as second (tergite V). Legs shorter; mesofemur with large and deep excavation at apex; protrochanter with large truncate protuberance; profemur close to base with large spine. Aedeagus as in Figs. 19, 20. Biology. Holotype was sifted from leaf litter in rainforest and extracted by Berlese. Etymology. The species name refers to the deep excavation in the apical part of each mesofemur. TYRINI OF NEW CALEDONIA Zootaxa Magnolia Press 55

11 Acknowledgements TERMS OF USE I wish to thank everyone who sent me material used in this study. I am particularly grateful to Al Newton and Margaret Thayer for making available the material collected by Stewart Peck and deposited at FMNH. Additional material was supplied by Geoff Monteith (QMBA), Marek Wanat (MNHW) and Ivan Löbl (MHNG). Last but not least I wish to thank my friends, Jonathan Cooter, Hereford, England, for reading the manuscript and making critical comments, and Rostislav Bekchiev, Sofia, Bulgaria, for help with arrangment of the figures and photographs. References Fauvel, A. (1903) Faune analytique des Coléoptères de la Nouvelle-Calédonie. Revue d'entomologie, 22, Hlaváč, P. (2006) Pakistatyrus ater gen. et sp. n. of Tyrina (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from Pakistan. Natura Croatica, 15(3), Hlaváč, P. & Chandler, D.S. (2005) World Catalogue of the species of Tyrini with a key to the genera (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). Folia Heyrovskyana, 13(3), Chandler, D. S. (2001) Biology, morphology and systematics of the ant-like litter beetles of Australia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 15, vii pp. Newton, A. F. & Chandler, D.S. (2007) World Catalogue of the species of Tyrini (Hlaváč & Chandler 2005): Additions, corrections, and a new name (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). Folia Heyrovskyana, 14(3), Park, O. (1952) Pselaphidae of Oceania, With Special Reference to the Fiji Islands. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin, 207, i iii Reitter, E. (1882) Versuch einer systematischen Eintheilung der Clavigeriden und Pselaphiden. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Vereines in Brünn, 20 (1881), Zootaxa Magnolia Press HLAVÁČ