2 nd Term Final. Revision Sheet. Students Name: Grade: 11 A/B. Subject: Biology. Teacher Signature. Page 1 of 11

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1 2 nd Term Final Revision Sheet Students Name: Grade: 11 A/B Subject: Biology Teacher Signature Page 1 of 11

2 Nour Al Maref International School Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Biology Worksheet (2 nd Term) Chapter-26 (A closer look at amniotes) Lesson-1 & 2 I. MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. All amniote embryos develop inside a a. mother s abdomen. b. semipermeable shell. c. protective fluid-filled sac. d. leathery membrane. 2. In contrast to reptiles, mammals walk a. with legs underneath the body. b. in a wide, sprawling stance. c. by side-to-side swaying. d. through rib muscle contractions. 3. The role of the amniotes systemic circuit is to move oxygen-rich blood from a. the rest of the body to the lungs. b. the lungs to the brain and limbs. c. the internal organs to the heart. d. the heart to the rest of the body. 4. A reptile s heart has how many chambers? a. one b. two c. three d. four 5. An ectotherm is an organism whose body temperature is determined by its a. surrounding environment. b. four-chambered heart. c. metabolic activity. d. amniotic development. 6. Which of the following choices correctly describes a viviparous reptile? a. endotherm; develops embryo internally b. ectotherm; gives birth to live young c. ectotherm; deposits eggs into nest d. endotherm; provides parental care 7. How do the eggs of an oviparous reptile develop? a. independent of the parent reptiles b. in a nest without much parental care c. inside the body of the mother reptile d. submerged in aquatic environments 8. The evolution of reptiles was tracked through evidence provided by fossil reptilian Page 2 of 11

3 a. feet. b. teeth. c. spines. d. skulls. 9. How many groups of reptiles are alive today? a. two b. three c. four d. five 10. A trait that all reptiles share is their a. head structure. b. scales or plates. c. number of legs. d. carnivorous diet. II. QUESTION AND ANSWER 1. Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1. An amniotic egg shell is semi-permeable. This means that such as oxygen and carbon dioxide are able to pass through the shell, but is held inside to prevent the embryo from drying out. 2. The development of the amniotic egg was an important adaptation, because it allowed amniotes to on land. 3. A(n) s body temperature is determined by the surrounding environment, so its body temperature changes with the environment. 4. A(n) regulates its body temperature by changing its behavior. 5. A(n) uses its own metabolic heat to keep its tissues warm. 6. A(n) s body temperature stays relatively constant all the time, because it regulates metabolic activity. 7. Reptiles deposit their eggs into an external nest and the eggs develop independently of the adult. 8. Reptiles hold the eggs inside their body throughout development and give birth to live offspring. 9. Reptiles regulate their body temperature using the environment. They warm up by and cool down by. The dry or on a reptile s body also absorb energy and help retain heat to maintain normal body functions. 4. Reptiles with one hole in each temporal region have this type of skull. 10. Reptiles that have two holes in each temporal region, one above the Page 3 of 11

4 other, have this type of skull. 11. Reptiles that do not have any temporal holes have this type of skull. 12. The first vertebrates to evolve powered flight were the. 13. reptiles lay eggs, and reptiles give birth to live young. 2. Complete the concept map. Reptile Circulatory System Both Mammal Circulatory System 3. Complete the table below. Membrane allantois amnion Description Holds as the embryo grows. Protects and the embryo. chorion yolk sac Allows with the outside environment. Contains the for the growing embryo. III. MULTIPLE CHOICE Biology Worksheet (2 nd Term) Chapter-26 (A closer look at amniotes) Lesson-3 & 4 1. Theropod dinosaurs, the ancestors of birds, shared which modern bird feature? Page 4 of 11

5 a. light, hollow bones b. functioning wings c. feathers used to fly d. strong flight muscles 2. In birds, which part of the skeleton is modified to support attachment of large chest muscles? a. backbone b. leg bones c. wing tips d. sternum 3. Birds and their tetrapod ancestors possessed rearranged hip and leg muscles because this feature a. enhanced efficient flight. b. supported the airfoil design. c. reduced the skeletal weight. d. improved bipedal movement. 4. Air sacs in a bird s body support the birds a. huge chest muscle. b. active metabolism. c. reproductive success. d. hollow bone structure. 5. What aspect of a bird s role in its ecological niche is reflected in the shape of both its beak and its feet? a. how it reproduces b. what it eats c. when it migrates d. where it nests 6. A physical feature unique to mammals is the a. heart with four chambers. b. middle ear with three bones. c. skeleton adapted to mobility. d. anatomy for bearing live young. 7. The function of mammalian mammary glands is to a. enhance chewing. b. grow fine hair. c. produce milk. d. nourish embryos. 8. The term for animals that have a mix of reptilian and mammalian features is a. monotreme. b. marsupial. c. eutherian. d. placental. 9. Marsupials differ from other mammals in that they a. retain a reptilian cloaca. Page 5 of 11

6 b. have stiff protective quills. c. bear still-immature young. d. are able to chew their food. 10. Live young born after completing fetal development are the offspring of what kind of mammal? a. eutherian. b. monotreme. c. marsupial. d. placental. IV. QUESTION AND ANSWER 1. Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1. The species recognized as the oldest fossilized bird is called. It lived million years ago. 2. There are two hypotheses about the origin of flight in birds. The trees-down hypothesis suggests that birds evolved from animals that used their feathers to to the forest floor. The ground-up hypothesis suggests that birds evolved from running animals that used their feathered arms for. 3. An is a structure that stores air as a bird breathes. 2. Circle the word that best completes the statement. 1. Birds share five anatomical characteristics with their ancestors, the theropod dinosaurs. These characteristics are: a. hollow / solid bones b. fused collarbones / thighbones that form a V-shaped wishbone called a furcula c. rearranged muscles in the hips and legs that improve quadrupedal / bipedal movement d. hands that have lost / gained the fourth and fifth fingers e. feathers 2.The curved shape of a bird s wings helps it to fly because the air moves faster / slower over the top of the airfoil than underneath it. The difference in airspeed produces pressure that lifts / lowers the wing. 3.Relative to body size, a bird s sternum is much smaller / larger than a human s, because a bird s sternum is used to anchor the chest muscles necessary for flight. Another name for the sternum is the breastbone / wishbone 4. A mammal is an active, ectothermic / endothermic animal with a small / large brain. Mammals have complex / simple social, feeding, and reproductive behaviors. Page 6 of 11

7 5.Mammals have a distinct advantage over reptiles because mammals can / cannot regulate their own body temperature. 6.Hair is a long, thin shaft of dead / live keratinized cells that grow out of a follicle in the skin. A layer of hair helps to release / retain heat by trapping a layer of air next to the skin. 7.A mammal is able to chew and breathe at the same time, because a secondary palate joins / separates the nasal and oral cavities when food is in the mouth. 3. Complete the table below. Group Description Examples monotremes marsupials eutherian mammals Use the following words to complete the table about the specialized adaptations of a bird s body that allow it to fly: air sacs; chest muscles; hollow bones; reproductive organs; wing shape Adaptation How It Helps with Flight Active only during the mating season and otherwise shrink to reduce a bird s mass. Attached to the sternum and contract to power flight. Page 7 of 11

8 Filled with air to reduce a bird s mass. Produces air pressure differences above and below to lift the wings up. Provides constant source of oxygen to maintain active metabolism. Biology Worksheet (2 nd Term) Chapter-27 (Animal Behavior) Lesson-1 & 2 V. MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Hunger and thirst are two examples of a. random kinesis. b. directed taxis. c. behavioral stimuli. d. circadian rhythms. 2. Animals move from a less desirable location to a more desirable location by means of a. kinesis and taxis. b. circadian rhythms. c. biological clocks. d. courtship displays. 3. Most behaviors occur in response to what kind of stimuli? Page 8 of 11

9 a. varied and external b. isolated and internal c. secondary and internal d. external and internal 4. The daily cycle of activity that occurs over a 24-hour period of time is called a a. circadian rhythm. b. kinesis behavior. c. stimulus-response. d. taxis behavior. 5. Which of these stimuli is most likely to trigger hibernation behavior? a. higher temperatures b. shorter days c. lack of food d. reduced heartbeat 6. Which phrase best describes an instinctive behavior? a. usually performed incorrectly the first time b. often occurs where mistakes are not costly c. generally learned, flexible, and cumulative d. typically innate and relatively inflexible 7. A stimulus that triggers innate behaviors is called a(n) a. instinct. b. releaser. c. trigger. d. signal. 8. Habituation and imprinting illustrate that behaviors are made up of what? a. simple responses to complex stimuli b. both innate and learned components c. reversible stimulus-response learning d. unchanging responses to preset stimuli 9. Animals are able to adapt to new situations because they can learn to a. modify their behaviors. b. perform innate behaviors. c. imprint on individuals. d. imitate their parents. 10. A process in which an animal learns to associate a previously neutral stimulus with a behavior that was once triggered by a different stimulus is called a. habitual imprinting. b. role model imitation. c. classical conditioning. d. parental conditioning. VI. QUESTION AND ANSWER 1. Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1. A is a type of information that can make an organism change its Page 9 of 11

10 . 2. stimuli tell an animal what is occurring in its own. 3. stimuli give animal information about its. 4. Some behaviors can be triggered by a single stimulus, but most behaviors occur in response to a variety of and stimuli. 5. An external stimulus, such as a change in day length, might cause an animal to secrete specific. 6. These hormones act as internal signals that cause other changes. These changes, in turn, cause the animal to be more likely to respond to another external stimulus. 7. Rapid and irreversible learning process that only occurs during a short time in an animal s life 8. A type of learning in which animals learn by observing the behavior of other animals 9. a type of learning in which an animal learns to ignore a repeated stimulus 2. Answer the following. 1. What is a circadian rhythm? 2. List and describe two cyclical behaviors. 3. What are two characteristics of instinctive behavior? Page 10 of 11

11 4. Why are innate behaviors important for a newborn? 3. Complete the table below. Complete the following concept map with details about classical and operant conditioning. Two types of conditioning include associate associate behavior with with triggered by different stimulus Page 11 of 11

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