Marine Invertebrate STUDY GUIDE

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1 Marine Invertebrate STUDY GUIDE Invertebrate Basics: What do all invertebrates have in common? A. Phylum Porifera: Example organism: Symmetry: Movement Type: Feeding type: Pores: Ostia: Oscula: Choanocyte: Spongin: Spicules: Types of sponge canal system: Asconoid: Syconoid: Leuconoid: Sponge Classification: Class Calcarea: Class Hexactinellida: Class Demospongiae:

2 B. Phylum Cnidaria: Example organism: Symmetry: Body form: Polyp: Medusa: Feeding type: Nematocyst: Classification: Class Hydrozoa: Class Scyphozoa: Class Cubozoa: Class Anthozoa: Subclass Octocorallia: Subclass Hexacorallia: How are corals formed? C. Phylum Ctenophora Example Organisms: Ctenes:

3 D. Phylum Platyhelminthes: Body shape: Class Turbellaria: movement: habitat: Ocelli: E. Phylum Nemertina: Body shape: habitat: Proboscis: F. Phylum Annelida: Body Shape: Movement: Parapodia: Setae: Class Polychaeta: Errant: movement: examples:

4 Sedentary: movement: examples: G. Phylum Bryozoa: Zoecium: Zooid: Operculum: Lophophore: H. Phylum Brachiopoda: What is special about the shells? How are they attached to a substrate? What is the other name for Brachiopods? I. Phylum Mollusca: Mantle: Foot: Radula:

5 Explain the two types of movement in Mollusks: What are the three ways that Mollusks feed? Class Polyplacophora How many plates overlap? How do they eat? Class Scaphopoda: Class Gastropoda Describe the gastropod shell: What is a siphon? Subclass Prosobrachia: What is unique about the Cone Snail? Subclass Opistobranchia: What are Rhinophores?

6 2 Groups: Aeolids: Have oral tentacles Cerata: Dorids: Have oral tentacles What does their surface look like? What is special about their gills? Class Bivalvia: How do they feed? Excurrent siphon: Incurrent siphon: What is special about the Bivalve shell? Adductor Muscle: Bissell Threads: Class Cephalopoda: How is the foot modified? How do Cephalopods move? How do Cephalopods feed?

7 Explain color change in Cephalapods ( Use the terms Chromatophores and Iridiocytes) What is the purpose of the ink sac? Subclass Nautiloidea: Number of Tentacles: What is special about the Nautilis shell? Siphuncle: How does it help them to move? Subclass Coleoidea: Does this subclass have a shell? Order Teuthoidea: Body Shape: Tentacle Number? Arm number? Type of Sucker? Pen:

8 Order Vampyromorpha: Body Color? Type of Sucker? Ink sac? Describe the defense mechanism: Explain the bioluminescence in this animal: Order Sepioidea: Arm number? Tentacles? Explain what is unique about the Cuttlefish s breeding behavior? Explain what is unique about the Cuttlefish s color changebehavior? Order Octopoda: Arm number? Tentacle number? Sucker type:

9 J. Phylum Arthropoda Skeleton type: Body Division: Carapace: Class Crustacea: Number appendages? Describe the appendages found in crustaceans: Subclass Malacostraca: Krill: Amphipods: Isopods: Decapods: Chelipeds: Subclass Copepoda: Describe the look of a copepod: Subclass Cirripedia: How do they feed? Where do they live?

10 K. Phylum Echinodermata: Skeleton type? Symmetry? Papulae: Why is the Water Vascular System? Class Asteroidea: What is the difference between the oral and the aboral surface? Ambulacral Groove: Pedicellaria: Explain how a sea star feeds (Know difference between Cardiac and Pyloric Stomachs) Class Ophiuroidea: Describe the body shape: Describe the movement:

11 Class Echinoidea: Shape of body? Test: Arostotle s Lantern: Class Holothuroidea: Describe a Sea Cucumber Body: Describe Protection in a Sea Cucumber: Class Crinoidea: Feeding Type: Body Shape?

12 Oregon Species Examples: Phylum Porifera: Boring Sponge Bread Crumb Sponge Volcano Sponge Red Sponge Phylum Cnidaria: Sea Pen Sailor by the Wind Moon Jelly Lion s Mane Sea Nettle Giant Green Anemone Aggregating Anemone Phylum Annelida: Scale Worm Clam Worm Lug Worm Feather Duster Worm Phylum Mollusca: Mossy Chiton Gumboot Chiton Limpets Periwinkles Black Turban Snail Whelks Moon Snail Opalescent Nudibranch Frosted Nudibranch Sea Lemon Ringed Nudibranch Orange Spotted Nudibranch Mussels Oysters Scallops Cockle Razor Clam Bent-Nosed Clam Shipworm Giant Pacific Octopus Red Octopus Phylum Molluca cont. Market Squid Pacific Cuttlefish Phylum Arthropoda Red Rock Crabs Purple Shore Crab Kelp Crabs Porcelain Crab Dungeness Crab Phylum Echinodermata: Ochre Sea Star Sunflower Star Blood Star Sun Star Leather Star Bat Star Brittle Star Daisy Star Basket Star Red Sea Urchin Purple Sea Urchin Sand Dollar Red Sea Cucumber White Sea Cucumber California Sea Cucumber

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