Understanding Dispense Gas. Neil Witte Training/Technical Support Manager Duvel USA, Boulevard Brewing Company, Brewery Ommegang

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1 Understanding Dispense Gas Neil Witte Training/Technical Support Manager Duvel USA, Boulevard Brewing Company, Brewery Ommegang

2 Dispense Gas Two main goals of dispense gas: 1. Keep the beer properly carbonated 2. Push the beer from the keg to the faucet

3 CO 2 Measuring Carbonation CO 2 is measured in Volumes per volume (v/v) = 2.5 v/v 2.5 v/v

4 CO 2 Maintaining Carbonation A balanced keg has equal amounts of CO 2 in the headspace and in the beer. Two main factors control this: 1. Pressure 2. Temperature 2.5 v/v 11 38F

5 Pressure/Temperature Relationship Assumes sea-level altitude. Add 1psi for every 2,000ft above sea-level.

6 CO 2 Maintaining Carbonation 2.5 v/v 2.65 v/v 2.3 v/v 11 38F 13 38F 9 38F 11 35F 11 42F

7 Short Draw 11 psig 100% CO2 2.5 Volumes 38F Accomplishes both goals: 1. Keeps beer carbonated 2. Pushes beer to faucet

8 Long Draw 22 psig 70% CO2/30% Nitrogen 2.5 volumes 38 Straight CO2 pressures don t push the beer to the faucet. Nitrogen adds the extra push. Low % CO2 at higher pressure maintains carbonation.

9 Nitro Pour 35 psig 25% CO2/75% Nitrogen 1.2 volumes 38 Special Nitrogen-rich blend for Nitro beers Not appropriate for regularly carbonated beers

10 38F 5%ABV Pressure * (psig)

11 Dealing with Multiple Carbonation Levels Most American Beers can be placed into two categories: Craft = 2.5 Vol B/MC = 2.7 Vol

12 Results of Field Survey 18 markets, 40 accounts per market, 720 ttl, chosen at random; Questionable temperature data from 2 markets removed

13 Field Survey Assumptions Acceptable range for Domestic Premium type beers is v/v; Acceptable range for Micro type beers is v/v; When talking about a gas mix or blend, as a convention, CO 2 will always be listed 1 st : Example: 70/30 means 70% CO 2 ; Example: 25/75 means 25% CO 2 ; Nitrogenated beers are assumed to have 1.2 volumes of CO 2.

14 The Process

15 The Process % 90% 80% 70% 95% 85% 75% 65% 60% 55% 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 2.8 Acceptable Range Micros ( ) Acceptable Range Domestic Premium ( )

16 How Things Would Look on 60/ Count of Compliant Accounts 60% CO2 V/V) Non Compliant Micros Premium Count (of 619) % 12.1% 17.6% 11.2% 10.6% Less Than 2.3 Between Between Between Greater Than 2.9 CO2 V/V Range 20% of Micro s are in spec. 31% of Premium Domestic in spec. 22% Micro s OOS on high side, 11% of Premium Domestic OOS on high side. All data sanitized to remove accounts with storage temp s above 40

17 How Things Would Look on 70/ Count of Compliant Accounts 70% CO2 V/V) Non Compliant Micros Premium Count (of 619) % 20.2% 27.8% 15.1% 12.3% Less Than 2.3 Between Between Between Greater Than 2.9 CO2 V/V Range 50% of Micro s are in spec 65% of Premium Domestic in spec. 27% Micro s OOS on high side, 12% of Premium Domestic OOS on high side. All data sanitized to remove accounts with storage temp s above 40

18 How Things Would Look on 75/ Count of Compliant Accounts 75% CO2 V/V) 171 Non Compliant Micros Premium Count (of 619) % 17.4% 33.5% 19.4% 16.2% Less Than 2.3 Between Between Between Greater Than 2.9 CO2 V/V Range 51% of Micro s are in spec 70% of Premium Domestic in spec. 36% Micro s OOS on high side, 16% of Premium Domestic OOS on high side. All data sanitized to remove accounts with storage temp s above 40

19 How Things Would Look on 80/ Count of Compliant Accounts 80% CO2 V/V) Non Compliant Micros Premium 123 Count (of 619) % 13.9% 28.4% 25.4% 24.1% Less Than 2.3 Between Between Between Greater Than 2.9 CO2 V/V Range 42% of Micro s are in spec 67% of Premium Domestic in spec. 50% Micro s OOS on high side, 24% of Premium Domestic OOS on high side. All data sanitized to remove accounts with storage temp s above 40

20 Conclusions 25/75 Gas is killing the vast majority of beers; 70/30 works in more accounts than 60/40; One size does not fit all. No one gas will work for every account in the country; Ideally custom blends should be calculated on an individual account basis.

21 Gas Blend Solution Use of 2 blends for regularly carbonated beers allows for balancing of kegs of varying carbonation levels Beers are grouped into one of two carbonation ranges with different blend used for each Carbonation levels can be maintained within +/-.2 v/v CO 2

22 Acceptable Range 2.5 v/v (+/-.2) Pressure * (psig) Acceptable Range 2.5 v/v - +/-.2

23 Acceptable Range 2.7 v/v (+/-.2) Pressure * (psig) Acceptable Range 2.7 v/v - +/-.2

24 3-Blend Blender Managing multiple CO 2 levels with multiple CO 2 -rich blends

25 Acceptable Range v/v (+/-.2) Pressure * (psig) F 5%ABV

26 Using Multiple Pressures Managing multiple CO2 levels with applied pressure adjustments psi at 60% CO2 psi at 65% CO2 psi at 70% CO2 2.5 v/v 2.7 v/v 2.5 v/v 2.7 v/v 2.5 v/v 2.7 v/v Temp Temp Temp psi at 75% CO2 psi at 80% CO2 psi at 85% CO2 2.5 v/v 2.7 v/v 2.5 v/v 2.7 v/v 2.5 v/v 2.7 v/v Temp Temp Temp To manage flow rates, applied psi with different beers should stay within 5psi

27 Gas Blend Calculators Easy Blend Enter these values: Temperature ( o F) 38 Pressure (psig) 22 CO 2 Content (vols/vol) 2.45 Altitude (feet above sea level) 1000 Alcohol Content (% ABV) 5 Perfect Blend (CO 2 %) 70% Easy Volumes Enter these values: Temperature ( o F) 38 Pressure (psig) 22 Blend (% CO 2 ) 70 Altitude (feet above sea level) 1000 Alcohol Content (% ABV) 5 Volumes per Volume 2.45 Easy Psig Enter these values: Temperature ( o F) 38 Gas Blend (%CO 2 ) 70 CO 2 Content (vols/vol) 2.45 Altitude (feet above sea level) 1000 Alcohol Content (% ABV) 5.0 Perfect Dispense Pressure 22 McDantim.com

28 Pinpoint Carbonation Tavern A Tavern B -carbonated/sparkle -flat/dull

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