The Worms / Chapter 34 and Partial 35 (pgs )

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1 Name: The Worms / Chapter 34 and Partial 35 (pgs ) 1-6. Worms are not the simple organisms most people think of at first sight. List three specific features that support the idea that worms are advanced organisms. A. Worms were the first organisms to have separate male and female genders. B. Worms are the first animal to have a one way digestive system. Food goes in the mouth and out the anus. This is a more efficient way of taking in food and processing it. C. Worms were the first organism to have three distinct tissue layers that led to organs (ectoderm (outerlayer, mesoderm (middle layer) and endoderm (inner layer). D. A body cavity known as a coelom (see-lum) first appears in the worms. This is significant because it provided a space for complex organ systems to develop.

2 E. Cephalization -the concentration of sense organs, nervous control, etc., at the anterior end of the body, forming a head and brain, during the course of an embryo's development From worms through humans, we use the following anatomical terms to represent general locations of the body. Match the following body locations on the left with their descriptions on the right. Use the figures to below to help. C back side of the body A head or front end D belly side G going up and down the body B rear, or tail end F going across the body E off to the side of the body A. anterior B. Posterior C. Dorsal D. Ventral E. Lateral F. Transverse G. Longitudinal

3 14. Which of the following is not a parasitic worm (A) hookworm (B) pinworms (C) earthworm (D) loa loa worm 15. What term describes the concentration of nerve tissue in the anterior (head) end of an organism? (A) degeneration (B) regeneration (C) cephalization (D) orientation 16. Which statement is not true of flukes? (A) snails can be one of their hosts (B) flukes infect thousands of people in Asia (C) their proglottids are eliminated with the hosts waste (D) they can infect many different organs of the body 17. Diseases associated with parasitic worms can be prevented if we (A) improve the sanitation of water and food (C) wear proper clothing (B) disrupt their lifecycle in one or more of their hosts (D) all of the above Match the worm species (on the left) with the class they belong\ to (on the right) 18. Hookworm, Ascaris, Pinworm (A) Flatworms 19. Earthworm, Leech (B) Roundworms 20. Planaria, Fluke, Tapeworm (C) Segmented worms 21. The worm pictured below is a TAPEWORM. Label the scolex, hooks, suckers and proglottids. PROGLOTTID HOOKS SUCKERS SCOLEX 26. Many species of worm are hermaphroditic (her-ma-fro-di-tic) which means (A) they live off other animals (C) they have complex life cycles (B) they have both male and female reproductive parts (D) they cause disease 27. Look at figure 34-4 and 34-6 in your text. Choose the statement that best describes what these figures show. (A) parasitic worms have complicated organs and organ systems (B) parasitic worns have the ability to regenerate (C) parasitic worms have complicated life cycles that involve several hosts 28. Parasitic worms can be found in which of the following places? (A) intestines (B) muscle tissue (C) eyeball (D) all of the above 29. Which organ system is most affected when an earthworm dries out in the sun

4 (A) reproductive (B) nervous (C) respiratory (D) digestive 30. Earthworms breathe by... (A) gills (B) lungs (C) diffusion across the skin (D) all of the above Use your textbook, notes and the Worm presentation pdf. file (my website) to answer the following. regenerate elephantiasis fluke proglottids trichina setae cyst tapeworm aortic arches ventral nerve cord leech filarial worms hookworm 31. HOOKWORM is a roundworm that enters through the host s feet. 32. A segmented worm known as the LEECH sucks the blood of its host. 33. The roundworm called TRICHINA can make you sick if you eat undercooked pork. 34. The FLUKE is a leaf-like flatworm that can infect the liver, heart and lungs of its host. 35. The TAPEWORM has a head region called the scolex that attaches itself to the small intestine. 36. A protective covering that forms over a worm is called a CYST ELEPHANTIASIS is a condition caused by an infection of FILARIAL WORMS that results in enlarged body parts. 39. In theory, a planaria could live forever because it can REGENERATE lost parts. 40. AORTIC ARCHES are structures that circulate blood through the earthworm. 41. The tapeworm grows by adding segments to its body called PROGLOTTIDS. 42. SETAE are tiny bristles on an earthworm s body that help it grip the ground. 43. The VENTRAL NERVE CORD is like a main highway for sending impulses from the earthworm s brain to the rest of its body.

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