American Association of Zoo Veterinarians Infectious Disease Committee Manual 2013 EHRLICHIOSIS

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "American Association of Zoo Veterinarians Infectious Disease Committee Manual 2013 EHRLICHIOSIS"

Transcription

1 Animal Group(s) Affected Mammals Transmission Clinical Signs Severity Treatment Prevention and Control Mechanical, via vectors (tick-borne) Non-specific: fever, depression, lethargy, thrombocytopenia, anemia, weight loss muscle/joint pain, lymphadenopathy, hepatocellular enzyme abnormalities Subclinical or mild illness to severe, potentially fatal disease Tetracycline antibiotics (doxycycline) Tick control, screened blood donors, inspect animals frequently in tick-infested areas Zoonotic Yes Fact Sheet compiled by: Danielle R. Graham Snyder and Dawn Zimmerman Sheet completed on: 22 March 2011; updated 25 September 2012 Fact Sheet Reviewed by: Melissa Kennedy, Stephanie Kottler Susceptible animal groups: Mammals (reported in humans, dogs, coyotes, wolves, foxes, cats, cattle, sheep, goats, horses, llamas, deer, elk, and rodents) Causative organism: Tick-borne bacteria (rickettsia): small, Gram-negative, pleomorphic, obligate intracellular cocci that infect different blood cells in various animals, including humans. Ehrlichia chaffeensis (human monocytic ehrlichiosis), known reservoirs include white-tailed deer and dogs. Ehrlichia ewingii (canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis, CGE), known reservoirs include white-tailed deer and dogs. Ehrlichia canis (canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, CME), known reservoirs include dogs. Ehrlichia ruminantium, known reservoirs include ruminants. Ehrlichia muris, known reservoirs include wild small rodents. Other (new Ehrlichia spp. that closely resembles E. muris) Note: Ehrlichia risticii has been reclassified as Neorickettsia risticii and Ehrlichia platys as Anaplasma platys. Ehrlichia equi, Ehrlichia phagocytophila, and Human Granulocytic Ehrlichial Agent are now considered to be the same species and have been reclassified as Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Zoonotic potential: Yes, via vectors or mechanical transmission. Distribution: Almost every state in the US has reported a case of ehrlichiosis. Generally in southern, eastern, and south-central US, E. canis predominates and in southwest US, it is mainly transmitted by the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. E. ewingii is found predominantly in southern and mideastern US and mainly transmitted by the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum; E. chaffeensis predominantly in the southeastern US and is the most common ehrlichiosis in Georgia and is transmitted primarily by the lone star tick. Ehrlichia has been reported in South America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. Incubation period: Humans: 5-10 days after a tick bite. Dogs: 8-20 days. It is estimated that the infected tick must be attached to the host for hours for transmission to occur.

2 Ehrlichia can remain alive in the developing tick for up to 5 months. Acute infection develops 1-3 weeks after transmission and lasts ~2-4 weeks. After ~6-9 weeks, the organism is eliminated in an immunocompetent animal or a parasitemia develops with no clinical signs in the subclinical phase which can last from weeks to years or mild to severe clinical signs. If the animal cannot mount an effective immune response, the animal becomes chronically infected. Clinical signs: Generally non-specific, multi-systemic: fever, depression, lethargy, thrombocytopenia, anemia, anorexia, weight loss, lymphadenopathy; hepatocellular enzyme abnormalities, possibly gastrointestinal signs (vomiting, diarrhea), polymyositis, polyarthritis, rash, ocular signs (uveitis or retinal petechiae), reproductive disorders, and neuropathies. Clinical signs depend on the strain of Ehrlichia, dose of infection, species, immunological status of host, and concurrent infections with other tick-borne parasites. In dogs, the acute phase is generally mild and causes immune-mediated platelet destruction and manifesting in lethargy, anorexia, lymphadenopathy, fever, and is often associated with the presence of ticks. In the subclinical phase, dogs appear normal with a somewhat reduced platelet count and elevated globulin levels; this phase can last months to years. In the chronic phase, clinical signs recur with up to 60% of infected dogs presenting with abnormal bleeding due to reduced platelet numbers; elevated globulin levels are almost always seen; uveitis, neurological effects, and glomerulonephritis can also result; most dogs do not show full pancytopenia. Infections with E. ewingii, which primarily causes disease in the immunocompromised, tend to additionally produce arthritis. Post mortem, gross, or histologic findings: Gross: splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymphadenopathy during acute phase. Histologic: extensive plasma cell infiltration of parenchymal organs; perivascular cuffing particularly of the lungs, kidneys, spleen, meninges, and eyes. Diagnosis: History of exposure and clinical signs (diagnosis of subclinical disease based on anamnesis, geographic location, persistent antibody titers, mild thrombocytopenia, and hypergammaglobulinemia). Morulae (intracytoplasmic bacterial aggregates) in monocytes on blood and buffy coat smears (Romanowski stain); however, often only seen in a small percentage of blood smears of infected dogs, and only found in the bloodstream for a few days in the acute stage. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), e.g. IDEXX snap 4DX (includes Lyme disease and heartworm tests; detects E. canis, not E. ewingii) - not quantitative. Detection of E. canis serum antibodies with indirect Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFA), antibodies can be detected as early as 7 days post-infection, although animals may not be seropositive until 28 days post-infection. It takes 6-9 months after infection for titers to drop. Serologic cross-reactions may occur with other rickettsial agents. With ELISA and IFA, a positive test only indicates exposure and does not imply active infection. A titer >1:80 is considered positive. If <1:80, considered suspect and should retest in 2-3 weeks (titers will increase rapidly in the acute stage, look for four-fold increase between paired serum samples or test again using PCR or Western blot). IFA and ELISA tests detect Ehrlichia species other than E. canis. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR, e.g. Antech FastPanel PCR Canine Ehrlichiosis/Anaplasmosis Profile for E. canis, E. chafeensis, and E. ewingii, cross-reacts with Anaplasma). PCR can detect E. canis in dogs within 4-10 days of exposure, before they become seropositive. PCR remains positive for several weeks after infection has cleared, as it does not distinguish between live and dead organisms. Peptide and recombinant antigens are available for E. ewingii; however, CGE diagnosis is usually made via visualization of morulae within neutrophils, PCR, ELISA, or Western immunoblot.

3 Western immunoblot Demonstration of ehrlichial antigen in tissue sample by immunohistochemical methods, or in situ hybridization. Isolation of ehrlichial species from a clinical specimen in cell culture. Material required for laboratory analysis: Serology: serum taken within first week of illness, with second sample taken 2-3 weeks later. Retain acutephase serum sample and submit two samples together at same time. PCR: 0.5ml whole blood (EDTA), or biopsy specimens from organs such as lymph nodes, spleen, liver, or bone marrow Sample blood prior to starting antimicrobial therapy to avoid false negative test results. Relevant diagnostic laboratories: Antech (FastPanel PCR Canine Ehrlichiosis/Anaplasmosis Profile) and Zoologix (PCR, two tests: one is E. canis specific, other detects but does not differentiate most common Ehrlichia species). PCR panel for tickborne diseases which includes common Ehrlichia species. NCSU diagnostic PCR OSU diagnostic PCR and serology- Treatment: Tetracycline antibiotic for at least one month - usually doxycycline which allows for a more convenient dosing schedule. Dramatic initial improvement usually observed within hours. Treatment success should be based on remission of clinical signs, decline in E. canis antibody titers, and concurrent decrease in gamma globulins. Imidocarb is sometimes used in conjunction with antibiotics. With severe disease, blood transfusions or intravenous fluids may be necessary. Corticosteroids (prednisone) can be used to palliate immune-mediated secondary reactions such as immune-mediated arthritis or platelet loss. Generally, the prognosis during the acute phase is good if the animal is treated properly. Animals in the chronic stage have a poorer prognosis. Prevention and control: To prevent exposure, exposure to ticks should be limited and use of repellents (permethrin) considered. Animals should be examined for ticks in tick-infested areas and at peak time of year (April through September). Vegetation can be modified to discourage tick and wild host habitation. Seronegative blood donors should be used for transfusions. Suggested disinfectant for housing facilities: Area-wide application of acaricides and removal of leaf litter and brush are effective. Consider least-toxic pesticide for use on targeted barriers. Notification: Not required Measures required under the Animal Disease Surveillance Plan: Currently none Measures required for introducing animals to infected animal: Animals may be carriers but ticks are still needed for transmission. Note that transmission can occur through a blood transfusion when the donor is infected. Conditions for restoring disease-free status after an outbreak: Tick control in the environment is essential. Infected ticks can transmit the disease for 155 days, and after treatment, an animal is still susceptible to reinfection with the same, or another Ehrlichia species. However, short-term protection has been described with some Ehrlichia infections, waning after about one year. For example, prophylactic administration of tetracycline at a lower dose is effective in preventing E. canis infection in situations where disease is endemic. Treatment must be extended for many months through at least one tick season if the endemic cycle is to be successfully eliminated. Experts who may be consulted: Dr. Anthony Barbet Dept Infectious Diseases & Pathology

4 University of Florida Yasuko Rikihisa, PhD Department of Veterinary Biosciences The Ohio State University CVM References: 1. Andre, M.R., C.H. Adania, R.Z. Machado, S.M. Allegretti, P.A.N. Felippe, K.F. Silva, and A.C.H. Nakaghi Molecular and serologic detection of Ehrlichia spp. in endangered Brazilian wild captive felids. J. Wildl. Dis. 46(3): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ehrlichiosis. Accessed 8 July Iqbal, Z., W. Chaichansiriwithaya, and Y. Rikihisa Comparison of PCR with other tests for early diagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32: Lappin, M.J Canine ehrlichiosis. In: Nelson, R.W., and C.G. Couto (eds.) Small Animal Internal Medicine, 4 th ed. Elsevier Health Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 5. Little, S.E Ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in dogs and cats. Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. November 40: Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services Communicable Disease Investigation Reference Manual, Section 4.0 Diseases and Conditions: Ehrlichiosis/ Anaplasmosis. 7. Neer, T.M Canine monocytic and granulocytic ehrlichiosis. In: Greene, C.E. (ed.) Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat, 2 nd ed. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Pp Neer, T.M., E.B. Breitschwerdt, R.T. Greene, and M.R. Lappin Consensus statement on ehrlichial disease of small animals from the Infectious Disease Study Group of the ACVIM. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 16: Perez, M., Y. Rikihisa, and B. Wen Ehrlichia canis-like agent isolated from a man in Venezuela: antigenic and genetic characterization. J. Clin. Microbiol. 34: Pritt, B.S., L.M. Sloan, D.K.H. Johnson, U.G. Munderloh, S.M. Paskewitz, K.M. McElroy, J.D. McFadden, M.J. Binnicker, D.F. Neitzel, G. Liu, W.L. Nicholson, C.M. Nelson, J.J. Franson, S.A. Martin, S.A. Cunningham, C.R. Steward, K. Bogumill, M.E. Bjorgaard, J.P. Davis, J.H. McQuiston, D.M. Warshauer, M.P. Wilhelm, R. Patel, V.A. Trivedi, and M.E. Eremeeva Emergence of a new pathogenic Ehrlichia species, Wisconsin and Minnesota, N. Engl. J. Med. 365(5): Rikihisa, Y Diagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis: development of advanced techniques to combat a global disease. Vet. J. 14: Waner, T., S. Harrus, H. Bark, E. Bogin, Y. Avidar, and A. Keysary Characterization of the subclinical phase of canine erhlichiosis in experimentally infected beagle dogs. Vet. Parasit. 69: Waner, T., S. Harrus, F. Jongejan, H. Bark, A. Keysary, and A. Cornelissen Significance of serological testing for ehrlichial diseases in dogs with special emphasis on the diagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia canis. Vet. Parasit. 95: Waner, T., A. Keysary, H. Bark, E. Sharabani, and S. Harruss Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis an overview. Israel J. Vet. Med. 54(4): Wen, B., Y. Rikihisa, J.M. Mott, R. Greene, H.Y. Kim, N. Zhi, G.C. Couto, A. Unver, and R. Bartsch Comparison of nested PCR with innumofluorescent-antibody assay for detection of Ehrlichia canis infection in dogs treated with doxycycline. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35:

5 16. Zhang, C., Q. Xiong, T. Kikuchi, and Y. Rikihisa Identification of 19 polymorphic major outer membrane protein genes and their immunogenic peptides in Ehrlichia ewingii for use in a serodiagnostic assay. Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 15:

Canine Anaplasmosis Anaplasma phagocytophilum Anaplasma platys

Canine Anaplasmosis Anaplasma phagocytophilum Anaplasma platys Canine Anaplasmosis Anaplasma phagocytophilum Anaplasma platys It takes just hours for an infected tick to transmit Anaplasma organisms to a dog. What is canine anaplasmosis? Canine anaplasmosis is a disease

More information

How to talk to clients about heartworm disease

How to talk to clients about heartworm disease Client Communication How to talk to clients about heartworm disease Detecting heartworm infection early generally allows for a faster and more effective response to treatment. Answers to pet owners most

More information

Suggested vector-borne disease screening guidelines

Suggested vector-borne disease screening guidelines Suggested vector-borne disease screening guidelines SNAP Dx Test Screen your dog every year with the SNAP Dx Test to detect exposure to pathogens that cause heartworm disease, ehrlichiosis, Lyme disease

More information

Tick-borne Disease Testing in Shelters What Does that Blue Dot Really Mean?

Tick-borne Disease Testing in Shelters What Does that Blue Dot Really Mean? Tick-borne Disease Testing in Shelters What Does that Blue Dot Really Mean? 2017 ASPCA. All Rights Reserved. Your Presenter Stephanie Janeczko, DVM, MS, DABVP, CAWA Senior Director of Shelter Medical Programs

More information

Topics. Ticks on dogs in North America. Ticks and tick-borne diseases: emerging problems? Andrew S. Peregrine

Topics. Ticks on dogs in North America. Ticks and tick-borne diseases: emerging problems? Andrew S. Peregrine Ticks and tick-borne diseases: emerging problems? Andrew S. Peregrine E-mail: aperegri@ovc.uoguelph.ca Topics Ticks on dogs in Ontario and the pathogens they transmit? Should dogs be routinely screened

More information

Annual Screening for Vector-borne Disease. The SNAP 4Dx Plus Test Clinical Reference Guide

Annual Screening for Vector-borne Disease. The SNAP 4Dx Plus Test Clinical Reference Guide Annual Screening for Vector-borne Disease The SNAP Dx Plus Test Clinical Reference Guide Every dog, every year For healthier pets and so much more. The benefits of vector-borne disease screening go far

More information

Ehrlichia and Anaplasma: What Do We Need to Know in NY State Richard E Goldstein DVM DACVIM DECVIM-CA The Animal Medical Center New York, NY

Ehrlichia and Anaplasma: What Do We Need to Know in NY State Richard E Goldstein DVM DACVIM DECVIM-CA The Animal Medical Center New York, NY Ehrlichia and Anaplasma: What Do We Need to Know in NY State Richard E Goldstein DVM DACVIM DECVIM-CA The Animal Medical Center New York, NY Learning Objectives The attendees will be familiar with the

More information

Ehrlichiosis, Anaplasmosis and other Vector Borne Diseases You May Not Be Thinking About Richard E Goldstein Cornell University Ithaca NY

Ehrlichiosis, Anaplasmosis and other Vector Borne Diseases You May Not Be Thinking About Richard E Goldstein Cornell University Ithaca NY Ehrlichiosis, Anaplasmosis and other Vector Borne Diseases You May Not Be Thinking About Richard E Goldstein Cornell University Ithaca NY Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis Ehrlichia canis The common etiologic

More information

Screening for vector-borne disease. SNAP 4Dx Plus Test clinical reference guide

Screening for vector-borne disease. SNAP 4Dx Plus Test clinical reference guide Screening for vector-borne disease SNAP 4Dx Plus Test clinical reference guide Every dog, every year The Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC) Guidelines recommend annual comprehensive screening for

More information

Screening for vector-borne disease. SNAP 4Dx Plus Test clinical reference guide

Screening for vector-borne disease. SNAP 4Dx Plus Test clinical reference guide Screening for vector-borne disease SNAP 4Dx Plus Test clinical reference guide Every dog, every year The Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC) Guidelines recommend annual comprehensive screening for

More information

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases: More than just Lyme

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases: More than just Lyme Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases: More than just Lyme http://www.scalibor-usa.com/tick-identifier/ Katherine Sayler and A. Rick Alleman Important Emerging Pathogens Increase in disease prevalence in pets

More information

Tick-Borne Disease Diagnosis: Moving from 3Dx to 4Dx AND it s MUCH more than Blue Dots! indications implications

Tick-Borne Disease Diagnosis: Moving from 3Dx to 4Dx AND it s MUCH more than Blue Dots! indications implications Tick-Borne Disease Diagnosis: Moving from 3Dx to 4Dx Richard B. Ford, DVM, MS Professor of Medicine Diplomate ACVIM and (Hon) ACVPM North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC In just the past 3 to 5 years,

More information

Proceedings of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association Sydney, Australia 2007

Proceedings of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association Sydney, Australia 2007 Proceedings of the World Small Animal Sydney, Australia 2007 Hosted by: Next WSAVA Congress PUPS, PCRs AND PLATELETS * : EHRLICHIA AND ANAPLASMA INFECTIONS OF DOGS IN AUSTRALIA AND OVERSEAS Peter J. Irwin,

More information

Page 1 of 5 Medical Summary OTHER TICK-BORNE DISEASES This article covers babesiosis, anaplasmosis, and ehrlichiosis. See Rickettsial Infections (tick-borne rickettsia), Lyme Disease, and Tick-Borne Encephalitis

More information

The Essentials of Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

The Essentials of Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases The Essentials of Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases Presenter: Bobbi S. Pritt, M.D., M.Sc. Director, Clinical Parasitology Laboratory Co-Director, Vector-borne Diseases Laboratory Services Vice Chair of Education

More information

Update on Lyme disease and other tick-borne disease in North Central US and Canada

Update on Lyme disease and other tick-borne disease in North Central US and Canada Update on Lyme disease and other tick-borne disease in North Central US and Canada Megan Porter, DVM Michigan State University 2018 CIF-SAF Joint Conference Tick season is here! Today s objectives: To

More information

Pathogenesis of E. canis

Pathogenesis of E. canis Tick-born disease Rhipicephalus sanguineus brown dog tick Rickettsia Ehrlichia canis Ehrlichia platys Anaplasma platys Pathogenesis of E. canis Incubation period: 8 20 days Mononuclear cells Liver, spleen,

More information

The relationship between the degree of thrombocytopenia and infection with Ehrlichia canis in an endemic area

The relationship between the degree of thrombocytopenia and infection with Ehrlichia canis in an endemic area The relationship between the degree of thrombocytopenia and infection with Ehrlichia canis in an endemic area Camilo Bulla, Regina Takahira, João Pessoa Araújo Jr., Luzia Aparecidatrinca, Raimundo Lopes,

More information

Canine vector-borne diseases prevalence and prevention

Canine vector-borne diseases prevalence and prevention Vet Times The website for the veterinary profession https://www.vettimes.co.uk Canine vector-borne diseases prevalence and prevention Author : SIMON TAPPIN Categories : Vets Date : March 3, 2014 SIMON

More information

UNDERSTANDING THE TRANSMISSION OF TICK-BORNE PATHOGENS WITH PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS

UNDERSTANDING THE TRANSMISSION OF TICK-BORNE PATHOGENS WITH PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS UNDERSTANDING THE TRANSMISSION OF TICK-BORNE PATHOGENS WITH PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS A. Rick Alleman, DVM, PhD, DABVP, DACVP Lighthouse Veterinary Consultants, LLC Gainesville, FL Tick-transmitted pathogens

More information

Update on Canine and Feline Blood Donor Screening for Blood-Borne Pathogens

Update on Canine and Feline Blood Donor Screening for Blood-Borne Pathogens Consensus Statement J Vet Intern Med 2016;30:15 35 Consensus Statements of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) provide the veterinary community with up-to-date information on the

More information

EHRLICHIOSIS IN DOGS IMPORTANCE OF TESTING FOR CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS CASE 1: SWIGGLES INTRODUCTION WITH PERSISTENT LYMPHOCYTOSIS

EHRLICHIOSIS IN DOGS IMPORTANCE OF TESTING FOR CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS CASE 1: SWIGGLES INTRODUCTION WITH PERSISTENT LYMPHOCYTOSIS THE IMPORTANCE OF TESTING FOR EHRLICHIOSIS IN DOGS WITH PERSISTENT LYMPHOCYTOSIS Contributing Authors: Mary Anna Thrall, DVM, MS, DACVP Diana Scorpio, DVM, MS, DACLAM Ross University School of Veterinary

More information

A2-year-old neutered. Diagnosing FHM in anemic patients

A2-year-old neutered. Diagnosing FHM in anemic patients Diagnosing FHM in anemic patients Feline hemotrophic mycoplasmosis can be a difficult disease to pinpoint, but there are ways to make a successful diagnosis. By Jennifer Jellison, DVM Contributing Author

More information

Blood protozoan: Plasmodium

Blood protozoan: Plasmodium Blood protozoan: Plasmodium Dr. Hala Al Daghistani The causative agent of including Plasmodium vivax P. falciparum P. malariae P. ovale. malaria in humans: four species are associated The Plasmodium spp.

More information

EVALUATION OF THE SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF THE EHRLICHIA CANIS DIAGNOSTIC TEST: Anigen Rapid E.canis Ab Test Kit

EVALUATION OF THE SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF THE EHRLICHIA CANIS DIAGNOSTIC TEST: Anigen Rapid E.canis Ab Test Kit EVALUATION OF THE SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF THE EHRLICHIA CANIS DIAGNOSTIC TEST: Anigen Rapid E.canis Ab Test Kit FINAL REPORT Research contract (art. 83 of the L.O.U) between the Ehrlichiosis Diagnostic

More information

Vector-Borne Disease Status and Trends

Vector-Borne Disease Status and Trends Vector-Borne Disease Status and Trends Vector-borne Diseases in NY 2 Tick-borne Diseases: Lyme disease Babesiosis Ehrlichiosis/Anaplasmosis Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Powassan Encephalitis STARI Bourbon

More information

TICK-BORNE DISEASE Ehrlichia-Lyme borreliosis-anaplasmosis

TICK-BORNE DISEASE Ehrlichia-Lyme borreliosis-anaplasmosis TICK-BORNE DISEASE Ehrlichia-Lyme borreliosis-anaplasmosis Richard B. Ford, DVM, MS Professor Emeritus Diplomate ACVIM, Diplomate (Hon)ACVPM College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University

More information

Tick-Borne Disease. Connecting animals,people and their environment, through education. What is a zoonotic disease?

Tick-Borne Disease. Connecting animals,people and their environment, through education. What is a zoonotic disease? Tick-Borne Disease Connecting animals,people and their environment, through education What is a zoonotic disease? an animal disease that can be transmitted to humans (syn: zoonosis) dictionary.reference.com/browse/zoonotic+disea

More information

Wes Watson and Charles Apperson

Wes Watson and Charles Apperson Wes Watson and Charles Apperson Ticks are not insects! Class Acarina Order Parasitiformes Family Argasidae soft ticks (5 genera) Family Ixodidae hard ticks (7 genera) Genus Dermacentor 30 species Amblyomma

More information

Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and

Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere

More information

Adopting a dog from Spain comes with some risks of which you should be aware.

Adopting a dog from Spain comes with some risks of which you should be aware. LHB Galgo Rescue Information for your Vet Adopting a dog from Spain comes with some risks of which you should be aware. Nearly all Spanish shelters test for Babesia, Ehrlichia, Leishmania and heartworm

More information

Blood protozoan: Plasmodium

Blood protozoan: Plasmodium Blood protozoan: Plasmodium The causative agent of including Plasmodium vivax P. falciparum P. malariae P. ovale. malaria in humans:four species are associated The Plasmodium spp. life cycle can be divided

More information

Canine Vector-Borne Diseases

Canine Vector-Borne Diseases Canine Vector-Borne Diseases A Roundtable Discussion 1 Introduction A group of veterinary experts recently gathered during the 5th Annual Canine Vector- Borne Disease (CVBD) World Forum Symposium for this

More information

The Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Borrelia, and the rest.

The Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Borrelia, and the rest. The Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Borrelia, and the rest. Southern Region Conference to Assess Needs in IPM to Reduce the Incidence of Tick-Borne Diseases Michael J. Yabsley D.B. Warnell School of Forestry and

More information

Point Prevalence Survey for Tick-Borne Pathogens in Military Working Dogs, Shelter Animals, and Pet Populations in Northern Colombia

Point Prevalence Survey for Tick-Borne Pathogens in Military Working Dogs, Shelter Animals, and Pet Populations in Northern Colombia Point Prevalence Survey for Tick-Borne Pathogens in Military Working Dogs, Shelter Animals, and Pet Populations in Northern Colombia M. E. McCown, DVM, MPH, DACVPM; A. Alleman, DVM, PhD, DABVP, DACVP;

More information

About Ticks and Lyme Disease

About Ticks and Lyme Disease About Ticks and Lyme Disease Ticks are small crawling bugs in the spider family. They are arachnids, not insects. There are hundreds of different kinds of ticks in the world. Many of them carry bacteria,

More information

Outline 4/25/2009. Cytauxzoonosis: A tick-transmitted parasite of domestic and wild cats in the southeastern U.S. What is Cytauxzoonosis?

Outline 4/25/2009. Cytauxzoonosis: A tick-transmitted parasite of domestic and wild cats in the southeastern U.S. What is Cytauxzoonosis? Cytauxzoonosis: A tick-transmitted parasite of domestic and wild cats in the southeastern U.S. Michelle Rosen Center for Wildlife Health Department of Forestry, Wildlife, & Fisheries What is Cytauxzoonosis?

More information

Ticks and tick-borne diseases

Ticks and tick-borne diseases Occupational Diseases Ticks and tick-borne diseases Ticks Ticks are small, blood sucking arthropods related to spiders, mites and scorpions. Ticks are only about one to two millimetres long before they

More information

Zoonoses in West Texas. Ken Waldrup, DVM, PhD Texas Department of State Health Services

Zoonoses in West Texas. Ken Waldrup, DVM, PhD Texas Department of State Health Services Zoonoses in West Texas Ken Waldrup, DVM, PhD Texas Department of State Health Services Notifiable Zoonotic Diseases Arboviruses* Anthrax Brucellosis Bovine Tuberculosis Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (variant)

More information

Canine ehrlichioses: an update

Canine ehrlichioses: an update Review article Oorsigartikel Canine ehrlichioses: an update P J Kelly a ABSTRACT The development of molecular biology techniques and methods for the isolation and growth of ehrlichias in tissue culture

More information

First isolation and molecular characterization of Ehrlichia canis in Spain

First isolation and molecular characterization of Ehrlichia canis in Spain Veterinary Parasitology 125 (2004) 365 372 www.elsevier.com/locate/vetpar First isolation and molecular characterization of Ehrlichia canis in Spain Enara Aguirre a, Angel Sainz a, *, Susana Dunner b,

More information

Bacteria associated with Circulartory System and Septic Shock

Bacteria associated with Circulartory System and Septic Shock Bacteria associated with Circulartory System and Septic Shock VETERINARY BACTERIOLOGY AND MYCOLOGY (3142-304) 1 st semester 2012 Assistant Prof. Dr. Channarong Rodkhum Department of Veterinary Microbiology

More information

Emergence of a New Pathogenic Ehrlichia Species, Wisconsin and Minnesota, 2009

Emergence of a New Pathogenic Ehrlichia Species, Wisconsin and Minnesota, 2009 T h e n e w e ngl a nd j o u r na l o f m e dic i n e original article Emergence of a New Pathogenic Ehrlichia Species, Wisconsin and Minnesota, 2009 Bobbi S. Pritt, M.D., Lynne M. Sloan, B.S., Diep K.

More information

Panleuk Basics Understanding, preventing, and managing feline parvovirus infections in animal shelters

Panleuk Basics Understanding, preventing, and managing feline parvovirus infections in animal shelters Panleuk Basics Understanding, preventing, and managing feline parvovirus infections in animal shelters Your Presenter Stephanie Janeczko, DVM, MS, DABVP, CAWA Senior Director of Shelter Medical Programs

More information

EXHIBIT E. Minimizing tick bite exposure: tick biology, management and personal protection

EXHIBIT E. Minimizing tick bite exposure: tick biology, management and personal protection EXHIBIT E Minimizing tick bite exposure: tick biology, management and personal protection Arkansas Ticks Hard Ticks (Ixodidae) Lone star tick - Amblyomma americanum Gulf Coast tick - Amblyomma maculatum

More information

What are Ticks? 4/22/15. Typical Hard Tick Life Cycle. Ticks of the Southeast The Big Five and Their Management

What are Ticks? 4/22/15. Typical Hard Tick Life Cycle. Ticks of the Southeast The Big Five and Their Management Ticks of the Southeast The Big Five and Their Management LT Jeff Hertz, MSC, USN PhD Student, Entomology and Nematology Dept., University of Florida What are Ticks? Ticks are MITES.really, really ig mites.

More information

On People. On Pets In the Yard

On People. On Pets In the Yard *This information is provided by the Center for Disease Control as part of the public domain. Avoiding Ticks Reducing exposure to ticks is the best defense against Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted

More information

sanguineus, in a population of

sanguineus, in a population of BVA Student Travel Grant Final Report Prevalence of the Brown Dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, in a population of dogs in Zanzibar, and its role as a vector of canine tickborne disease. Bethan Warner

More information

Ticks, Tick-borne Diseases, and Their Control 1. Ticks, Tick-Borne Diseases and Their Control. Overview. Ticks and Tick Identification

Ticks, Tick-borne Diseases, and Their Control 1. Ticks, Tick-Borne Diseases and Their Control. Overview. Ticks and Tick Identification Ticks, Tick-Borne Diseases and Their Control Jeff N. Borchert, MS ORISE Research Fellow Bacterial Diseases Branch Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

More information

The latest research on vector-borne diseases in dogs. A roundtable discussion

The latest research on vector-borne diseases in dogs. A roundtable discussion The latest research on vector-borne diseases in dogs A roundtable discussion Recent research reinforces the importance of repelling ticks and fleas in reducing transmission of canine vector-borne diseases.

More information

Is Talking About Ticks Disease.

Is Talking About Ticks Disease. Everyone Is Talking About Ticks And Lyme Disease. Is Your Dog At Risk? What is Lyme Disease? Lyme disease is an infectious disease. In rth America, it is primarily transmitted by deer ticks, also known

More information

Learning objectives. Case: tick-borne disease. Case: tick-borne disease. Ticks. Tick life cycle 9/25/2017

Learning objectives. Case: tick-borne disease. Case: tick-borne disease. Ticks. Tick life cycle 9/25/2017 Learning objectives Medically Significant Arthropods: Identification of Hard-Bodied Ticks ASCLS Region V October 6, 2017 1. Describe the tick life cycle and its significance 2. Compare anatomical features

More information

Analyses of Ehrlichia canis and a Canine Granulocytic Ehrlichia Infection

Analyses of Ehrlichia canis and a Canine Granulocytic Ehrlichia Infection JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Jan. 1992, p. 143-148 Vol. 30, No. 1 0095-1137/92/010143-06$02.00/0 Copyright 1992, American Society for Microbiology Analyses of Ehrlichia canis and a Canine Granulocytic

More information

Diagnosing intestinal parasites. Clinical reference guide for Fecal Dx antigen testing

Diagnosing intestinal parasites. Clinical reference guide for Fecal Dx antigen testing Diagnosing intestinal parasites Clinical reference guide for Fecal Dx antigen testing Screen every dog at least twice a year The Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC) guidelines recommend including

More information

What s Your Diagnosis? By Sohaila Jafarian, Class of 2018

What s Your Diagnosis? By Sohaila Jafarian, Class of 2018 Signalment: Greeley, 3 yo MC DSH Presenting Complaint: ADR History: What s Your Diagnosis? By Sohaila Jafarian, Class of 2018 Patient is an indoor/outdoor cat. Previously healthy and up to date on vaccines

More information

Diagnosing intestinal parasites. Clinical reference guide for Fecal Dx antigen testing

Diagnosing intestinal parasites. Clinical reference guide for Fecal Dx antigen testing Diagnosing intestinal parasites Clinical reference guide for Fecal Dx antigen testing Screen every dog at least twice a year The Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC) guidelines recommend including

More information

Vector Borne and Animal Associated Infections. Kimberly Martin, DO, MPH Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Vector Borne and Animal Associated Infections. Kimberly Martin, DO, MPH Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Pediatric Infectious Diseases Vector Borne and Animal Associated Infections Kimberly Martin, DO, MPH Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Pediatric Infectious Diseases 1 Conflict of Interest I have no relevant financial relationships

More information

Tick-Borne Infections Council

Tick-Borne Infections Council Tick-Borne Infections Council of North Carolina, Inc. 919-215-5418 The Tick-Borne Infections Council of North Carolina, Inc. (TIC-NC), a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, was formed in 2005 to help educate

More information

Multiplex real-time PCR for the passive surveillance of ticks, tick-bites, and tick-borne pathogens

Multiplex real-time PCR for the passive surveillance of ticks, tick-bites, and tick-borne pathogens Multiplex real-time PCR for the passive surveillance of ticks, tick-bites, and tick-borne pathogens Guang Xu, Stephen Rich Laboratory of Medical Zoology University of Massachusetts Amherst TICKS ARE VECTORS

More information

Clinical Manifestations and Treatment of Plague Dr. Jacky Chan. Associate Consultant Infectious Disease Centre, PMH

Clinical Manifestations and Treatment of Plague Dr. Jacky Chan. Associate Consultant Infectious Disease Centre, PMH Clinical Manifestations and Treatment of Plague Dr. Jacky Chan Associate Consultant Infectious Disease Centre, PMH Update of plague outbreak situation in Madagascar A large outbreak since 1 Aug 2017 As

More information

soft ticks hard ticks

soft ticks hard ticks Ticks Family Argasidae soft ticks Only 4 genera of Argasidae Argas, Ornithodoros, Otobius (not covered) and Carios (not covered) Family Ixodidae hard ticks Only 4 genera of Ixodidae covered because of

More information

Research Article An Assessment of Whole Blood and Fractions by Nested PCR as a DNA Source for Diagnosing Canine Ehrlichiosis and Anaplasmosis

Research Article An Assessment of Whole Blood and Fractions by Nested PCR as a DNA Source for Diagnosing Canine Ehrlichiosis and Anaplasmosis The Scientific World Journal Volume 2012, Article ID 605743, 6 pages doi:10.1100/2012/605743 The cientificworldjournal Research Article An Assessment of Whole Blood and Fractions by Nested PCR as a DNA

More information

Tickborne Diseases. CMED/EPI-526 Spring 2007 Ben Weigler, DVM, MPH, Ph.D

Tickborne Diseases. CMED/EPI-526 Spring 2007 Ben Weigler, DVM, MPH, Ph.D Tickborne Diseases CMED/EPI-526 Spring 2007 Ben Weigler, DVM, MPH, Ph.D Reports of tick-borne disease in Washington state are relatively few in comparison to some areas of the United States. Though tick-borne

More information

Clinical and laboratory abnormalities that characterize

Clinical and laboratory abnormalities that characterize Standard Article J Vet Intern Med 2017;31:1081 1090 Prevalence of Vector-Borne Pathogens in Southern California Dogs With Clinical and Laboratory Abnormalities Consistent With Immune-Mediated Disease L.

More information

Vector-borne diseases and their implications for cats and dogs

Vector-borne diseases and their implications for cats and dogs Vet Times The website for the veterinary profession https://www.vettimes.co.uk Vector-borne diseases and their implications for cats and dogs Author : Jenny Helm Categories : RVNs Date : April 1, 2013

More information

Update on diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP)

Update on diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) Update on diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) Séverine Tasker RCVS Specialist in Feline Medicine The Feline Centre Langford Veterinary Services University of Bristol http://www.felinecentre.co.uk/

More information

Understanding Ticks, Prevalence and Prevention. Tim McGonegal, M.S. Branch Chief Mosquito & Forest Pest Management Public Works

Understanding Ticks, Prevalence and Prevention. Tim McGonegal, M.S. Branch Chief Mosquito & Forest Pest Management Public Works Understanding Ticks, Prevalence and Prevention Tim McGonegal, M.S. Branch Chief Mosquito & Forest Pest Management Public Works Outline Brief overview of MFPM program Tick Biology Types of ticks and disease

More information

MINIREVIEW. Recent Advances in Determining the Pathogenesis of Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis

MINIREVIEW. Recent Advances in Determining the Pathogenesis of Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Sept. 1999, p. 2745 2749 Vol. 37, No. 9 0095-1137/99/$04.00 0 Copyright 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. MINIREVIEW Recent Advances in Determining

More information

March)2014) Principal s News. BV West Elementary Orbiter. Upcoming)Events)

March)2014) Principal s News. BV West Elementary Orbiter. Upcoming)Events) May2014 BV West Elementary Orr WestElementarySchool 61N.ThirdSt. Ostrander,Ohio43061 Phone:(74066642731 Fax:(74066642221 March2014 DevinAnderson,Principal CharleneNauman,Secretary KimCarrizales,Secretary

More information

LABORATORY ASSAYS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF TICK-TRANSMITTED HUMAN INFECTIONS

LABORATORY ASSAYS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF TICK-TRANSMITTED HUMAN INFECTIONS LABORATORY ASSAYS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF TICK-TRANSMITTED HUMAN INFECTIONS Stephen R. Graves, Gemma Vincent, Chelsea Nguyen, Haz Hussain-Yusuf, Aminul Islam & John Stenos. Australian Rickettsial Reference

More information

Ecology of RMSF on Arizona Tribal Lands

Ecology of RMSF on Arizona Tribal Lands Ecology of RMSF on Arizona Tribal Lands Tribal Vector Borne Disease Meeting M. L. Levin Ph.D. Medical Entomology Laboratory Centers for Disease Control mlevin@cdc.gov Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Disease

More information

Canine Distemper Virus

Canine Distemper Virus Photo: LE Carmichael, MJ Appel Photo: LE Carmichael, MJ Appel Photo: LE Carmichael, MJ Appel Canine Distemper Virus Canine Distemper (CD) is a highly contagious infectious disease of dogs worldwide caused

More information

Canine and Feline Distemper. Description. The following chart indicates the animals which are susceptible to infection by canine and feline distemp

Canine and Feline Distemper. Description. The following chart indicates the animals which are susceptible to infection by canine and feline distemp Canine and Feline Distemper Description Canine and feline distemper are diseases affecting many wild and domestic carnivo The following chart indicates the animals which are susceptible to infection by

More information

Michigan Lyme Disease Risk

Michigan Lyme Disease Risk 1 Michigan Lyme Disease Risk Lyme disease risk in this map is based on known, field confirmed populations of infected Black-Legged ticks or confirmed human cases. 2 Red color indicates endemic counties

More information

Canine Lyme disease, also called canine Lyme borreliosis,

Canine Lyme disease, also called canine Lyme borreliosis, Peer Reviewed VITAL VACCINATION SERIES CANINE LYME DISEASE How Real the Threat? Richard B. Ford, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVIM & ACVPM (Hon) North Carolina State University Andrew Eschner, DVM Senior Technical

More information

SensPERT TM Giardia Test Kit

SensPERT TM Giardia Test Kit SensPERT TM Giardia Test Kit Giardia Test Kit Summary : Detection of specific antigens of Giardia within 10 minutes Principle : One-step immunochromatographic assay Detection Target : Giardia Lamblia antigen

More information

Zoonotic Diseases. Risks of working with wildlife. Maria Baron Palamar, Wildlife Veterinarian

Zoonotic Diseases.   Risks of working with wildlife. Maria Baron Palamar, Wildlife Veterinarian Zoonotic Diseases Risks of working with wildlife www.cdc.gov Definition Zoonoses: infectious diseases of vertebrate animals that can be naturally transmitted to humans Health vs. Disease Transmission -

More information

Review on status of babesiosis in humans and animals in Iran

Review on status of babesiosis in humans and animals in Iran Review on status of babesiosis in humans and animals in Iran Mousa Tavassoli, Sepideh Rajabi Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Babesiosis is a zoonotic

More information

Elizabeth Gleim, PhD. North Atlantic Fire Science Exchange April 2018

Elizabeth Gleim, PhD. North Atlantic Fire Science Exchange April 2018 Elizabeth Gleim, PhD North Atlantic Fire Science Exchange April 2018 Ticks & Tick-borne Pathogens of the Eastern United States Amblyomma americanum AKA lone star tick Associated Diseases: Human monocytic

More information

TICKS AND TICKBORNE DISEASES. Presented by Nicole Chinnici, MS, C.W.F.S East Stroudsburg University Northeast Wildlife DNA Laboratory

TICKS AND TICKBORNE DISEASES. Presented by Nicole Chinnici, MS, C.W.F.S East Stroudsburg University Northeast Wildlife DNA Laboratory TICKS AND TICKBORNE DISEASES Presented by Nicole Chinnici, MS, C.W.F.S East Stroudsburg University Northeast Wildlife DNA Laboratory PA Lyme Medical Conference 2018 New Frontiers in Lyme and Related Tick

More information

Fall 2017 Tick-Borne Disease Lab and DOD Human Tick Test Kit Program Update

Fall 2017 Tick-Borne Disease Lab and DOD Human Tick Test Kit Program Update Fall 2017 Tick-Borne Disease Lab and DOD Human Tick Test Kit Program Update Robyn Nadolny, PhD Laboratory Sciences US U.S. Tick-Borne Disease Laboratory The views expressed in this article are those of

More information

INFECTIOUS HEPATITIS, PARVOVIRUS & DISTEMPER

INFECTIOUS HEPATITIS, PARVOVIRUS & DISTEMPER Canine VacciCheck INFECTIOUS HEPATITIS, PARVOVIRUS & DISTEMPER IgG ANTIBODY TEST KIT INSTRUCTION MANUAL Sufficient for 12/120 assays 13 JUL 2015 Biogal Galed Laboratories Acs. Ltd., tel: 972-4-9898605.

More information

ANTIBIOTIC USE GUIDELINES FOR URINARY TRACT AND RESPIRATORY DISEASE

ANTIBIOTIC USE GUIDELINES FOR URINARY TRACT AND RESPIRATORY DISEASE ANTIBIOTIC USE GUIDELINES FOR URINARY TRACT AND RESPIRATORY DISEASE Jane Sykes, BVSc(Hons), PhD, DACVIM (SAIM) School of Veterinary Medicine Dept. of Medicine & Epidemiology University of California Davis,

More information

however, the mild weather and moisture we have had these past couple of weeks have been

however, the mild weather and moisture we have had these past couple of weeks have been Be on the lookout for anaplasmosis in cattle Carla L. Huston, DVM, PhD, ACVPM Dept. of Pathobiology and Population Medicine Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine Submitted to Cattle

More information

Bartonella infection is a potential zoonotic threat to

Bartonella infection is a potential zoonotic threat to Peer Reviewed CE Article #1 Bartonella Infection: An Underrecognized Threat Shawn Haubenstricker, LVT Pierson Pet Hospital Davison, Michigan Bartonella infection is a potential zoonotic threat to anyone

More information

Panel & Test Price List

Panel & Test Price List Effective October 16, 2017 we are offering our new tests for Lyme IGXSpot, Lyme Borreliosis, and Tick-borne Relapsing Fever Borreliosis The new ImmunoBlot tests have replaced the original Western Blot

More information

Discuss the reservoirs and vectors of the causative organisms of Lyme disease and other tick-borne

Discuss the reservoirs and vectors of the causative organisms of Lyme disease and other tick-borne Brian S. Murphy, MD, MPH November 5, 2008 40th Annual Family Medicine Review Discuss the reservoirs and vectors of the causative organisms of Lyme disease and other tick-borne diseases Discuss the distribution

More information

Welcome to Pathogen Group 9

Welcome to Pathogen Group 9 Welcome to Pathogen Group 9 Yersinia pestis Francisella tularensis Borrelia burgdorferi Rickettsia rickettsii Rickettsia prowazekii Acinetobacter baumannii Yersinia pestis: Plague gram negative oval bacillus,

More information

Michele Stanton, M.S. Kenton County Extension Agent for Horticulture. Asian Longhorned Beetle Eradication Program Amelia, Ohio

Michele Stanton, M.S. Kenton County Extension Agent for Horticulture. Asian Longhorned Beetle Eradication Program Amelia, Ohio Michele Stanton, M.S. Kenton County Extension Agent for Horticulture Asian Longhorned Beetle Eradication Program Amelia, Ohio Credits Dr. Glen Needham, Ph.D., OSU Entomology (retired), Air Force Medical

More information

Malignant Catarrhal Fever in a Red Angus Cow B Y : L A U R E N R I C E R O V C

Malignant Catarrhal Fever in a Red Angus Cow B Y : L A U R E N R I C E R O V C Malignant Catarrhal Fever in a Red Angus Cow B Y : L A U R E N R I C E R O V C 2 0 1 5 History & Signalment Three year old Red Angus Cow Complaint: Blindness From 15 Red Angus Cow Herd Managed on Pasture

More information

Heartworm Disease in Dogs

Heartworm Disease in Dogs Kingsbrook Animal Hospital 5322 New Design Road, Frederick, MD, 21703 Phone: (301) 631-6900 Website: KingsbrookVet.com What causes heartworm disease? Heartworm Disease in Dogs Heartworm disease or dirofilariasis

More information

WINN FELINE FOUNDATION For the Health and Well-being of All Cats

WINN FELINE FOUNDATION For the Health and Well-being of All Cats Ending FIP, Is There Hope? A Summary of Dr. Niels Pedersen s Presentation at the Winn Feline Foundation Symposium Chicago July 29 th, 2017 Carol Johnson DVM, Ph.D and Heather Lorimer Ph.D. Additional information

More information

Feline zoonoses. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee 12/09

Feline zoonoses. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee 12/09 Feline zoonoses Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee 12/09 Cat scratch disease Bacterial infection caused by Bartonella henselae Associated with a cat bite or scratch Infection at point of injury,

More information

Ticks and Lyme Disease

Ticks and Lyme Disease Ticks and Lyme Disease Get Tick Smart Know the bug Know the bite Know what to do Know the Bug Ticks are external parasites Arachnid family Feed on mammals and birds Found Worldwide Two groups hard and

More information

Cercetări bacteriologice, epidemiologice şi serologice în bruceloza ovină ABSTRACT

Cercetări bacteriologice, epidemiologice şi serologice în bruceloza ovină ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Thesis entitled BACTERIOLOGICAL, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND SEROLOGICAL RESEARCHES IN BRUCELLOSIS OVINE is scientific and practical reasons the following: - Infectious epididymitis in Romania, described

More information

An Overview of Canine Babesiosis

An Overview of Canine Babesiosis Page 1 of 6 C. Wyatt Cleveland, DVM; David S. Peterson, DVM, PhD; and Kenneth S. Latimer, DVM, PhD Class of 2002 (Cleveland), Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Peterson), and Department

More information

Biology and Control of Insects and Rodents Workshop Vector Borne Diseases of Public Health Importance

Biology and Control of Insects and Rodents Workshop Vector Borne Diseases of Public Health Importance Vector-Borne Diseases of Public Health Importance Rudy Bueno, Jr., Ph.D. Director Components in the Disease Transmission Cycle Pathogen Agent that is responsible for disease Vector An arthropod that transmits

More information

Medical Bacteriology- Lecture 14. Gram negative coccobacilli. Zoonosis. Brucella. Yersinia. Francesiella

Medical Bacteriology- Lecture 14. Gram negative coccobacilli. Zoonosis. Brucella. Yersinia. Francesiella Medical Bacteriology- Lecture 14 Gram negative coccobacilli Zoonosis Brucella Yersinia Francesiella 1 Zoonosis: A disease, primarily of animals, which is transmitted to humans as a result of direct or

More information

Kirby C. Stafford, PhD Margaret B. Pough, MA Steven A. Levy, DVM Michael Endrizzi, DVM Joseph Hostetler, DVM

Kirby C. Stafford, PhD Margaret B. Pough, MA Steven A. Levy, DVM Michael Endrizzi, DVM Joseph Hostetler, DVM Prevention of Transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum from Ticks to Dogs Using K9 Advantix and Frontline Plus Applied 25 Days Before Exposure to Infected Ticks Byron L. Blagburn,

More information

Lyme disease is the most important arthropod-borne bacterial infection in. Lyme Disease in Horses KEY FACTS

Lyme disease is the most important arthropod-borne bacterial infection in. Lyme Disease in Horses KEY FACTS Vol. 23, No. 4 April 2001 375 Email comments/questions to compendium@medimedia.com CE Article #6 (1.5 contact hours) Refereed Peer Review KEY FACTS Large numbers of horses in the more eastern parts of

More information