PSY 2364 Animal Communication. Elk (Cervus canadensis) Extra credit assignment. Sad Underwing (Catocala maestosa) 10/11/2017
|
|
- Alexia Jefferson
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 PSY 2364 Animal Communication Elk (Cervus canadensis) Kingdom: Phylum: Class: Order: Family: Genus: Species: Animalia Chordata Mammalia Artiodactyla Cervidae Cervus canadensis Extra credit assignment Sad Underwing (Catocala maestosa) Extra credit assignment (up to 5%). Optional extra credit assignment on a topic of your choice (topic must be cleared with instructor). Submit proposed extra credit topic (one paragraph) via elearning by Wed Oct 18. Report due on the same day as the final exam (Dec 13). Sad Underwing (Catocala maestosa) Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) 1
2 Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) Vision Visual systems have evolved to detect light. This requires trapping the electromagnetic energy and absorbing it by a receptor molecule. This process triggers an electrical response in the receptor neuron. Visual systems Vision provides a means of detecting objects in an animal s surroundings. Luminance (intensity differences; brightness) Reflectance (spectral composition; color) Vertebrate visual systems contain two types of receptors: Rods are more sensitive in low light conditions Cones function in daylight and provide the basis for color vision Vision Visual systems have evolved to detect light. This requires trapping the electromagnetic energy and absorbing it by a receptor molecule. This process triggers an electrical response in the receptor neuron. Brightness (intensity) Hue (dominant wavelength or frequency) Chroma (degree of saturation or purity of the dominant frequency) Properties of color 2
3 Rods and cones Cone cells in the retina contain a pigment derived from a protein (opsin) linked to a small molecule called retinal. The pigment absorbs light energy (photons) which activates retinal neurons, generating action potentials in the optic nerve. Two different wavelengths of light can produce the same pattern of activation in a cone cell. The outputs of the cone receptors are combined and must be compared at a higher level of the visual nervous system. result from a decoding of the outputs of the color receptors by the brain. in birds, lizards, turtles and many fish is based on four types of cone cells (tetrachromatic color vision). These animals can distinguish colors in the near ultraviolet range of the spectrum. Old World primates and humans have three color receptors; most mammals have only two types (dichromatic color vision). Goldsmith TH (2006). What birds see. Sci. Am Evidence suggests that the progenitors of mammals lost two of the four types of cone cells during a period in their evolution when they were mainly nocturnal (and color vision was less important for their survival). Goldsmith TH (2006). What birds see. Sci. Am African monkeys, apes and humans reclaimed a third cone through duplication and subsequent mutation of the gene for one of the remaining pigments. Goldsmith TH (2006). What birds see. Scientific American
4 Outside Readings Pigments Pigments are chemical compounds whose molecules selectively absorb certain light wavelengths (mostly short wavelengths; yellow, orange, red) E.g., carotenoids, melanins, porphyrins Structural coloration Many animals use structural coloration rather than pigments. These involve microscopic surfaces that interfere with visible light, sometimes in combination with pigments (e.g. the iridescent colors of peacock s tail feathers) Structural coloration Ultraviolet / blue colors often involve coherent scattering (using layered structures or gratings) to produce a narrow range of wavelengths Ruby-throated Hummingbird Further reading
5 Polarized light Trichromatic color vision In humans and related primates, color vision is based on three types of cone cells in the retina of the eye, each sensitive to a range of wavelengths of light. This diagram shows a plane linearly polarized EMR wave propagating from left to right. The electric field is in a vertical plane and the magnetic field in a horizontal plane. The electric and magnetic fields in EMR waves are always in phase and at 90 degrees to each other. Dichromatic color vision Most other mammals are dichromats (two color-sensitive cone receptors). Evidence suggests that the progenitors of mammals lost two of the four types of cone cells during a period in their evolution when they were mainly nocturnal (and color vision was less important for their survival). Dichromatic color vision Dichromacy occurs in humans when one of the cone pigments is missing and color is reduced to two dimensions (color blindness). Protanopia (no red receptor) Deutanopia (no green) Tritanopia (no blue) Tetrachromatic color vision Several groups of animals (birds, reptiles, fish) have four distinct types of cone cells in the retina, adding a cone type sensitive to wavelengths in the ultraviolet range. Ultraviolet sensitivity Bees, like humans, have three receptor types, although unlike humans they are sensitive to ultraviolet light, with loss of sensitivity at the red end of the spectrum. 5
6 Ultraviolet (UV) receptors in birds Fruits and berries often reflect UV light to advertise their presence. Eurasian Kestrels can see UV reflections in the scent trails made by voles. Ultraviolet (UV) receptors in birds Male Blue Grosbeaks with the most intense UV components in their plumage are larger in size, control a larger territory, and feed their offspring more often than other males. Goldsmith TH (2006). What birds see. Sci. Am Goldsmith TH (2006). What birds see. Sci. Am Source: Schaefer, Schaefer and Levey (2004) Trends in Ecology and Evolution Sexual deception by plants! Spectra of a blueberry Vaccinium sp. (peak in the UV part) and willowleaf cotoneaster Cotoneaster salicifolia (peak in the human red part of the spectrum) according to the colour perception of humans (a), birds (b) and bees (c). The colours do not represent the actual colour sensation of each group but rather serve as an approximation to illustrate differences in visual abilities. Solid black lines denote the spectral sensitivities of the four (birds) and three receptor types in bees and humans based on physiological measurements and behavioural tests resulting in models of colour vision [25 27]. If at least two receptors are excited by photons of a given wavelength, wavelength discrimination is possible. Vertical lines denote this range for each group. Chemical communication Hormones - chemicals that operate internally to facilitate communication between the brain and organs involved in growth, digestion, reproduction Chemical communication Pheromones - chemicals that operate externally to facilitate communication with other members of the same animal species (conspecifics). 6
7 Chemical communication Allomones - chemicals that are transmitted to the members of other species, such as predators and prey (skunks) Functions of pheromones (1) to defend a territory from conspecifics dogs use urine to mark territorial boundaries and track these markers carefully. (2) to promote aggregation examples: social insects like termites and ants use various messages to coordinate complex activities of the colony (3) to alert others to food sources ants lay scent trails leading to a food source that helps others find the food Functions of pheromones (4) to alert others of danger alarm pheromones are used to signal the presence of danger (fire ants) injured minnows emit a chemical from skin cells that causes others to disperse (5) sexual attraction widely used in mammalian courtship, sexual attraction and copulatory behavior. In many species of mammals, female animals emit a sexual attractant pheromone to indicate mating readiness chemical signals can trigger hormonal changes that stimulate ovulation and/or sexual maturation Functions of pheromones (6) coordination of parent-young interactions (in vertebrate animals) (7) there may even be pheromones that signal status in a dominance hierarchy within a group Types of pheromones Primer pheromones Produce gradual changes over time in receiver e.g., pheromones that stimulate release of hormones involved in reproductive functions Releaser pheromones Instantaneous effects e.g., pheromones that evoke specific behaviors (attack, retreat, movements and postures) Pheromones in insects Male silkworm moths travel up to 30 miles in response to the female sex attractant, following the pheromone trail in the air. 7
8 Pheromones Pheromones are volatile molecules which, when released into the air, form an elongated plume called an active space (Wilson, 1970). Pheromones The shape and the size of the active space varies depends on the molecular weight of the compound and the wind velocity (Robinson,1994). Modes of transmission Current flow (in air or water) Diffusion (movement along a concentration gradient) Movement of receiver toward source Sex attractant pheromones in moths When a male moth detects pheromone molecules emitted by the female, he begins to search for the point source. He uses wind direction as a method of orientation. This process is called anemotaxis. odor plume Source wind direction Pheromones as honest signals Zahavi (1975) suggested that pheromones may serve as honest signals and provide reliable information because they accurately reflect the signaler's ability or resources. Pheromones as honest signals Example: Female tiger moths pick their mate based on the amount of pheromone released. The chemical attractant is derived from plant toxins which protect the eggs and are transmitted to the female during mating. 8
9 Pheromones as honest signals Melonworm Moth (Diaphania hyalinata) Example: Male garter snakes chose females based on size. Larger females release more pheromones. The greater the amount of pheromone released from the female s skin, the more offspring were produced in the previous season. Hair pencil pencil 9
Color Vision by Prof/Faten zakareia King Saud University Physiology Dept
Color Vision by Prof/Faten zakareia King Saud University Physiology Dept Objectives: Define color vision Identify and describe the mechanism of colour vision and the three types of cones, including the
More informationWhat Birds. Evolution has endowed birds with a system of color vision that surpasses that of all mammals, including humans
What Birds Evolution has endowed birds with a system of color vision that surpasses that of all mammals, including humans 68 S C I E N T I F I C A M E R I C A N J U LY 2 0 0 6 SeeBy Timothy H. Goldsmith
More informationHow the eye sees. Properties of light. The light-gathering parts of the eye. 1. Properties of light. 2. The anatomy of the eye. 3.
How the eye sees 1. Properties of light 2. The anatomy of the eye 3. Visual pigments 4. Color vision 1 Properties of light Light is made up of particles called photons Light travels as waves speed of light
More informationECOL /8/2019. Why do birds have colorful plumage? Today s Outline. Evolution of Animal Form & Function. 1. Functions of Colorful Plumage
Today s Outline 1. Functions of Colorful Plumage Evolution of Animal Form & Function Dr Alex Badyaev Office hours: T 11 12, by apt BSW 416 Lecture 14 ECOL 3 3 0 Why do birds have colorful plumage? 2. Types
More informationColor Vision: How Our Eyes Reflect Primate Evolution
Scientific American Magazine - March 16, 2009 Color Vision: How Our Eyes Reflect Primate Evolution Analyses of primate visual pigments show that our color vision evolved in an unusual way and that the
More informationTeaching Workshop: Color Vision in Primates and Other Mammals
Teaching Workshop: Color Vision in Primates and Other Mammals Carrie C. Veilleux & Amber Heard-Booth Anthropology Department, University of Texas at Austin Trichromatic Color Vision Trichromatic Color
More informationA case of achromatopsia. Perceptual Colour Space. Spectral Properties of Light. Subtractive Colour Mixture. Additive Colour Mixture
A case of achromatopsia The wrongness of everything was disturbing, even disgusting he turned increasingly to black and white foods to black olives and white rice, black coffee and yoghurt. These at least
More informationPerception & Attention Course. George Mather
Perception & Attention Course George Mather A case of achromatopsia The wrongness of everything was disturbing, even disgusting he turned increasingly to black and white foods to black olives and white
More informationSpecies must be adapted to their habitat.
Species must be adapted to their habitat. Species must protect themselves from the heat, cold, move around, feed themselves, communicate and reproduce. These are the types of adaptations which we will
More informationThe Brain and Senses. Birds perceive the world differently than humans. Avian intelligence. Novel feeding behaviors
The Brain and Senses Birds perceive the world differently than humans Color and IR vision are highly developed Hearing is superior, owls track prey in total darkness Birds navigate using abilities to sense:
More informationEvolutionary Trade-Offs in Mammalian Sensory Perceptions: Visual Pathways of Bats. By Adam Proctor Mentor: Dr. Emma Teeling
Evolutionary Trade-Offs in Mammalian Sensory Perceptions: Visual Pathways of Bats By Adam Proctor Mentor: Dr. Emma Teeling Visual Pathways of Bats Purpose Background on mammalian vision Tradeoffs and bats
More informationNAME: DATE: SECTION:
NAME: DATE: SECTION: MCAS PREP PACKET EVOLUTION AND BIODIVERSITY 1. Which of the following observations best supports the conclusion that dolphins and sharks do not have a recent common ancestor? A. Dolphins
More informationRCPS7-Science-Evolution (RCPS7-Science-Evolution) 1. Which is an adaptation that makes it possible for the animal to survive in a cold climate?
Name: Date: 1. Which is an adaptation that makes it possible for the animal to survive in a cold climate? A. tail on a lizard B. scales on a fish C. stripes on a tiger D. fur on a bear 2. Use the picture
More informationMA41 Colour variability and the ecological use of colour in the chameleons and geckos of Mahamavo
MA41 Colour variability and the ecological use of colour in the chameleons and geckos of Mahamavo Colour and the ability to change colour are some of the most striking features of lizards. Unlike birds
More informationTime of Day. Teacher Lesson Plan Nocturnal Animals Pre-Visit Lesson. Overview
Teacher Lesson Plan Nocturnal Animals Pre-Visit Lesson Duration: 40-50 minutes Minnesota State Science Standard Correlations: 3.4.1.1.2. Wisconsin State Science Standard Correlations: B 4.6, C.4.1, C.4.2
More informationPure Paws Explains Methods For Improving A White Coat
Pure Paws Explains Methods For Improving A White Coat How do you get a champion white coat? Keeping a white coat white on a dog can be a challenge. Care must be taken in your grooming technique because
More informationAnimals and plants are adapted to the conditions of the habitats in which they live.
Duncanrig Secondary School National 4 Biology Unit 3 Topic 5 & 6: Adaptations for survival Pupils Activity Booklet 1 Adaptations for survival Copy this heading Animals and plants are adapted to the conditions
More information6-3.4 Physical Responses
6-3.4 Physical Responses Explain how environmental stimuli cause physical responses in animals (including shedding, blinking, shivering, sweating, panting, and food gathering). Animals have physical responses
More informationStation 1. Echolocation
Echolocation Station 1 A lot of animals use echolocation to both navigate and hunt. They send out high-frequency sounds and use the returning echoes to form images of our environment. As if by singing,
More informationRules of the Game. Lab Report - on a separate sheet
It s Not Fair! A Simulation of the Roles of Mutation & Chance in Natural Selection Rules of the Game. All players begin as a salamander. 2. Before each round, each player picks 2 mutations. 3. Each mutation
More informationDacnis cayana (Blue Dacnis or Turquoise Honeycreeper)
Dacnis cayana (Blue Dacnis or Turquoise Honeycreeper) Family: Thraupidae (Tanagers and Honeycreepers) Order: Passeriformes (Perching Birds) Class: Aves (Birds) Fig.1. Blue dacnis, Dacnis cayana, male (top)
More informationMigration. Migration = a form of dispersal which involves movement away from and subsequent return to the same location, typically on an annual basis.
Migration Migration = a form of dispersal which involves movement away from and subsequent return to the same location, typically on an annual basis. To migrate long distance animals must navigate through
More informationHoney Bees. Anatomy and Function 9/26/17. Similar but Different. Honey Bee External Anatomy. Thorax (Human Chest): 4 Wings & 6 Legs
Honey Bee Anatomy and Function How Honey Bees are Built and How the Function People Eat: Everything - Meat and Potatoes Omnivores Meat and Vegetables Digest: Stomach & Intestines Excrete: Feces and Urine
More informationName period date assigned date due date returned. Variation Lab
Name period date assigned date due date returned Introduction: The Island Strawling bird lives on a remote island in the South Pacific. It feeds on strawberries and drinks from the freshwater lakes that
More informationPlumage and its Function in birds
Plumage and its Function in birds Basic distinction between: Molt = feather replacement and Plumage = Feather coat Basic (prebasic molt) - renewed plumage postbreeding Alternate (prealternate molt) - breeding
More information[ Post a Response Precious Fids Chat ] Novel Chemistry at Work To Provide Parrot's Vibrant Red Colors.
[ Post a Response Precious Fids Chat ] Novel Chemistry at Work To Provide Parrot's Vibrant Red Colors. Posted by Mary on 3/1/2005, 2:13 pm I found this very interesting and thought everyone else might
More information6. The lifetime Darwinian fitness of one organism is greater than that of another organism if: A. it lives longer than the other B. it is able to outc
1. The money in the kingdom of Florin consists of bills with the value written on the front, and pictures of members of the royal family on the back. To test the hypothesis that all of the Florinese $5
More informationThe Case of Color Vision Evolution in New World Monkeys
The Case of Color Vision Evolution in New World Monkeys slide version 2.0 http://www.evo-ed.com About this Case: 1. These slides were created by the Evo-Ed Project: http://www.evo-ed.com 2. Funding for
More informationUnit 19.3: Amphibians
Unit 19.3: Amphibians Lesson Objectives Describe structure and function in amphibians. Outline the reproduction and development of amphibians. Identify the three living amphibian orders. Describe how amphibians
More informationUnit 7: Adaptation STUDY GUIDE Name: SCORE:
Unit 7: Adaptation STUDY GUIDE Name: SCORE: 1. Which is an adaptation that makes it possible for the animal to survive in a cold climate? A. tail on a lizard B. scales on a fish C. stripes on a tiger D.
More informationMeet our Nurses. Winter Newsletter In this issue. In your genes Pets and arthritis History of colour vision
Winter Newsletter 2016 In this issue In your genes Pets and arthritis History of colour vision 2 3 4 Fulham Garden Vets (08) 8255 5475 Unley Vet Surgery (08) 8272 3400 Fulham Gardens Vet Surgery Black
More informationSexy smells Featured scientist: Danielle Whittaker from Michigan State University
Sexy smells Featured scientist: Danielle Whittaker from Michigan State University Research Background: Animals collect information about each other and the rest of the world using multiple senses, including
More informationExceptions: Somebody liked snakes. Some people disliked dogs, geese, sharks
Unit 1: ANIMALS Exceptions: Somebody liked snakes Some people disliked dogs, geese, sharks Both animals are fascinating & worthy of our interest ANIMAL NAMES Taxonomy is a branch of biology that categorizes
More informationAnimal Defense against Predators. Ms. Levasseur Biology
Animal Defense against Predators Ms. Levasseur Biology Animal Defense Against Predators Throughout millions of years of evolution, animals have evolved numerous ways of defending themselves against predators.
More informationEffective August 2007 All indicators in Standard / 11
6.3.1 Compare the characteristic structures of invertebrate animals (including sponges, segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods) and vertebrate animals (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds,
More informationThe Evolution of Signal Design in Manakin Plumage Ornaments
vol. 169, supplement the american naturalist january 2007 The Evolution of Signal Design in Manakin Plumage Ornaments Stéphanie M. Doucet, 1,* Daniel J. Mennill, 1, and Geoffrey E. Hill 2, 1. Department
More informationBehaviour of cats and dogs
Behaviour of cats and dogs Unlike cats, dogs are social animals living in packs. Dogs normally live in a group with a well developed social hierarchy and communicate by sight, sound, smell and use of body
More informationLab 9: Inventing Life Forms
Name: Section: Date: Lab 9: Inventing Life Forms 1 Instructions The purpose of this lab is to create a life form that may have evolved on a planet other than Earth. Follow the instructions below detailing
More informationBoth. Innate Behaviors Learned Behaviors. Name Date Hour Table Chapter 8. Directions: Complete the
3. 4. 5. 2. 1. 6. Innate Behaviors Learned Behaviors 7. 8. Both 9. 13. 10. 11. 12. Name Date Hour Table Chapter 8 Lesson One AP o cognitive o develop o happen o response o help Directions: behavior through
More informationBig Cat Rescue Presents. Tigrina or Oncilla
Big Cat Rescue Presents Tigrina or Oncilla 1 Tigrina or Oncilla Big Cat Rescue 12802 Easy Street Tampa, Florida 33625 www.bigcatrescue.org Common Name: Oncilla Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata (Vertebrata)
More informationANTHR 1L Biological Anthropology Lab
ANTHR 1L Biological Anthropology Lab Name: DEFINING THE ORDER PRIMATES Humans belong to the zoological Order Primates, which is one of the 18 Orders of the Class Mammalia. Today we will review some of
More informationA. Body Temperature Control Form and Function in Mammals
Taxonomy Chapter 22 Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mammalia Mammals Characteristics Evolution of Mammals Have hair and First appear in the mammary glands Breathe air, 4chambered heart, endotherms
More informationReproduction in Seed Plants (pp )
Structure and Function of Plants Reading/Notetaking Guide Reproduction in Seed Plants (pp. 388 397) This section gives examples of the group of seed plants known as gymnosperms and angiosperms and describes
More informationBio homework #5. Biology Homework #5
Biology Homework #5 Bio homework #5 The information presented during the first five weeks of INS is very important and will be useful to know in the future (next quarter and beyond).the purpose of this
More informationAlthough owls can t move their eyes, many other adaptations help these raptors spot prey.
This website would like to remind you: Your browser (Apple Safari 7) is out of date. Update your browser for more security, comfort and the best experience on this site. Media Spotlight Bird s Eye View
More informationClass Reptilia Testudines Squamata Crocodilia Sphenodontia
Class Reptilia Testudines (around 300 species Tortoises and Turtles) Squamata (around 7,900 species Snakes, Lizards and amphisbaenids) Crocodilia (around 23 species Alligators, Crocodiles, Caimans and
More informationNight Life Pre-Visit Packet
Night Life Pre-Visit Packet The activities in this pre-visit packet have been designed to help you and your students prepare for your upcoming Night Life program at the St. Joseph County Parks. The information
More informationHusbandry Guidelines Name Species Prepared by
Husbandry Guidelines Name Species Prepared by 1. ACQUISITION AND ACCLIMATIZATION Status of wild population Status current captive population Sources of birds Acclimatization procedures Weighing Feeding
More informationEveryday Mysteries: Why most male birds are more colorful than females
Everyday Mysteries: Why most male birds are more colorful than females By Scientific American, adapted by Newsela staff on 02.06.17 Word Count 779 Mandarin ducks, a male (left) and a female, at WWT Martin
More informationVertebrates. Vertebrate Characteristics. 444 Chapter 14
4 Vertebrates Key Concept All vertebrates have a backbone, which supports other specialized body structures and functions. What You Will Learn Vertebrates have an endoskeleton that provides support and
More informationrodent species in Australia to the fecal odor of various predators. Rattus fuscipes (bush
Sample paper critique #2 The article by Hayes, Nahrung and Wilson 1 investigates the response of three rodent species in Australia to the fecal odor of various predators. Rattus fuscipes (bush rat), Uromys
More informationComparative Zoology Portfolio Project Assignment
Comparative Zoology Portfolio Project Assignment Using your knowledge from the in class activities, your notes, you Integrated Science text, or the internet, you will look at the major trends in the evolution
More informationEvolution of Avian Plumage Color in a Tetrahedral Color Space: A Phylogenetic Analysis of New World Buntings
vol. 171, no. 6 the american naturalist june 2008 Evolution of Avian Plumage Color in a Tetrahedral Color Space: A Phylogenetic Analysis of New World Buntings Mary Caswell Stoddard and Richard O. Prum
More information4B: The Pheasant Case: Handout. Case Three Ring-Necked Pheasants. Case materials: Case assignment
4B: The Pheasant Case: Handout Case Three Ring-Necked Pheasants As you can see, the male ring-necked pheasant is brightly colored. The white ring at the base of the red and green head stand out against
More informationBlue structural coloration of male eastern bluebirds Sialia sialis predicts incubation provisioning to females
JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY 36: 488/493, 2005 Blue structural coloration of male eastern bluebirds Sialia sialis predicts incubation provisioning to females Lynn Siefferman and Geoffrey E. Hill Siefferman,
More informationPhylogeny of Animalia (overview)
The Diversity of Animals 2 Chapter 23 Phylogeny of Animalia (overview) Key features of Chordates Phylum Chordata (the Chordates) includes both invertebrates and vertebrates that share (at some point in
More informationIdentifying Plant and Animal Adaptations Answer Key
Identifying Plant and Animal Adaptations Answer Key Instructions: Review the provided photos on the ipad. Try to identify as many adaptations for each plant or animal and determine how each adaptation
More informationDerived copy of Taste and Smell *
OpenStax-CNX module: m57767 1 Derived copy of Taste and Smell * Shannon McDermott Based on Taste and Smell by OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution
More informationIntraspecific relationships extra questions and answers (Extension material for Level 3 Biology Study Guide, ISBN , page 153)
i Intraspecific relationships extra questions and answers (Extension material for Level 3 Biology Study Guide, ISBN 978-1-927194-58-4, page 153) Activity 9: Intraspecific relationships extra questions
More informationReviewing what we have learned:
Student Packet Student 6-3.2 Defense, Movement, Obtain Resources 6-3.4 Environmental Stimuli 6-3.5 Behavioral Responses 6-3.6 Internal Stimuli 3.6-7 Learned vs. Inherited Behavior Name: Block Reviewing
More informationInvertebrates. Brain. Brain 12/2/2017. The Invertebrate Brain. The Invertebrate Brain. Invertebrate brain general layouts some specific functions
Brain Invertebrate brain general layouts some specific functions Vertebrate brain general layout cortical fields evolutionary theory Brain Brain size Invertebrates 1) No brain (only nerve net) jellyfish,
More informationQ1. The photograph shows a bird called the korhaan. Korhaans live in South Africa.
Q. The photograph shows a bird called the korhaan. Korhaans live in South Africa. Thinkstock.com Scientists have studied changes in the numbers of korhaans since 997. The scientists asked volunteer drivers
More informationWhy do Anolis dewlaps glow? An analysis of a translucent visual signal
Functional Ecology 2016, 30, 345 355 doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.12502 Why do Anolis dewlaps glow? An analysis of a translucent visual signal Leo J. Fleishman*,1, Brianna Ogas 1, David Steinberg 2 and Manuel
More informationSERIE ANTI REPELLERS ANTI VELTEK SYSTEMS, SL.
SERIE ANTI REPELLERS ANTI 2014 SERIEANTI serie anti Due to the increasingly proliferation of annoying pests in all type of business establishments, companies, industrial premises and other similar facilities,
More informationANIMAL COMMUNICATION
ANIMAL COMMUNICATION Communication What is communication? Wilson (1970) Action on the part of one organism (or cell) that alters the probability pattern of behavior in another organism (or cell) in an
More informationKingdom: Animalia. Phylum: Chordata. Class: Aves. Order: 28 orders Passeriformes- most. Strigiformes- owls. Piciformes- woodpeckers
Snowball 3:54 1 2 Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Order: 28 orders Passeriformes- most Strigiformes- owls Piciformes- woodpeckers Anseriformes- ducks & geese Osprey-Gone Fishin 1:58 3 Similar
More informationLichens are indicators of the gas... (1) The chart shows how much pollution different lichens can tolerate.
Q. Lichens are pollution indicators. (a) Complete the following sentence. Lichens are indicators of the gas... () The chart shows how much pollution different lichens can tolerate. (b) The diagram shows
More informationBack to basics - Accommodating birds in the laboratory setting
Back to basics - Accommodating birds in the laboratory setting Penny Hawkins Research Animals Department, RSPCA, UK Helping animals through welfare science Aim: to provide practical information on refining
More informationLighting Practices for Successful Laying Hens
Lighting Practices for Successful Laying Hens By Ericka Mongeau 1 Bird Biology Poultry Eyesight Sight is the most important sense for birds, as good eyesight is essential for safe flight, and birds have
More informationSAMPLE PAPER. SU BJ ECT- Science CLASS-V
SAMPLE PAPER SU BJ ECT- Science CLASS-V TIME DURATION: 2 hrs MAXIMUM MARKS:60 General Instructions :- 1 Attempt all questions section wise. 2 Two marks have been allotted for handwriting and neatness.
More informationEOQ 3 Exam Review. Genetics: 1. What is a phenotype? 2. What is a genotype?
EOQ 3 Exam Review Genetics: 1. What is a phenotype? 2. What is a genotype? 3. The allele for freckles (f) is recessive to not having freckles (F). Both parents have freckles but only 3 of their 4 children
More informationIguana aggression. A relaxed green iguana. Defensive aggression
Iguana aggression Iguanas are still wild animals, they are not domestic animals, and they have just been tamed to enable them to fit into a human lifestyle. Ideally iguanas should be housed in a large
More informationSolenopsis geminata (Tropical Fire Ant)
Solenopsis geminata (Tropical Fire Ant) Order: Hymenoptera (Ants, Wasps and Bees) Class: Insecta (Insects) Phylum: Arthropoda (Arthropods) Fig. 1. Tropical fire ant, Solenopsis geminata. [https://www.ars.usda.gov/oc/images/photos/nov14/d3337-1/,
More informationPrimate photopigments and primate color vision (opsin genes polymorphism cones evolution)
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 93, pp. 577 581, January 1996 Colloquium Paper This paper was presented at a colloquium entitled Vision: From Photon to Perception, organized by John Dowling, Lubert Stryer
More information#8964 Standards-Based Science Investigations 2 Teacher Created Resources, Inc.
Introduction...4 Locating Simple Science Materials...5 Standards Correlation....7 Thinking About Inquiry Investigations...9 Inquiry Assessment Rubric...12 Student Inquiry Worksheets...13 Sample Inquiry
More informationFaculty Mentor, Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University
Sex Recognition in Anole Lizards Authors: Shelby Stavins and Dr. Matthew Lovern * Abstract: Sexual selection is the process that furthers a species, and either improves the genetic variability or weakens
More informationTaste and Smell. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege
Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Taste, also called gustation, and smell, also called olfaction, are the most interconnected senses in that both involve molecules of the stimulus entering the body and bonding to receptors.
More informationOptimizing lighting for precision broiler breeder feeding. Grégory Bédécarrats Department of Animal Biosciences University of Guelph
Optimizing lighting for precision broiler breeder feeding Grégory Bédécarrats Department of Animal Biosciences University of Guelph Team and Project Objectives Dr. Bedecarrats, University of Guelph: Experiment
More information10/03/18 periods 5,7 10/02/18 period 4 Objective: Reptiles and Fish Reptile scales different from fish scales. Explain how.
10/03/18 periods 5,7 10/02/18 period 4 Objective: Reptiles and Fish Reptile scales different from fish scales. Explain how. Objective: Reptiles and Fish Reptile scales different from fish scales. Explain
More informationLast Lecture Gas Exchange Nutrients Digestion
Last Lecture Gas Exchange Nutrients Digestion Outline Temperature Phylum: Tardigrada (Water Bears) Phylum: Tardigrada (Water Bears) -273 C (-459 F) to 151 C (304 F) Temperature Dessert Pools 45 C (112
More informationSKELETONS: Museum of Osteology Tooth and Eye Dentification Teacher Resource
SKELETONS: Museum of Osteology Tooth and Eye Dentification Teacher Resource Grade Levels: 3 rd 5 th Grade 3 rd Grade: SC.3.N.1.1 - Raise questions about the natural world, investigate them individually
More informationTHE CHILDREN S ZOO. Scavenger Hunt GRADES K-3
THE CHILDREN S ZOO Scavenger Hunt GRADES K-3 Scavenger Hunt The Children s Zoo (K-3) Teacher s Guide Updated Summer 2011 APPROXIMATE TIME: 60 Minutes Suggestions for Teachers: 1. Allow your children about
More informationBobcat Interpretive Guide
Interpretive Guide Exhibit Talking Point: Our job as interpreters is to link what the visitors are seeing to The Zoo's conservation education messages. Our goal is to spark curiosity, create emotional
More informationLearning Goals: 1. I can list the traditional classification hierarchy in order.
Learning Goals: 1. I can list the traditional classification hierarchy in order. 2. I can explain what binomial nomenclature is, and where an organism gets its first and last name. 3. I can read and create
More informationHERPETOLOGY. Name: School:
HERPETOLOGY November 4 th Scrimmage Name: School: Directions: DO NOT open the packet until prompted to. You will have 50 minutes for the test. Please answer each question to the best of your ability. Spelling
More informationTopic 3: Animals Ch.17 Characteristics of Animals p.338. Distinguishing Characteristics pp
Topic 3: Animals Ch.17 Characteristics of Animals p.338 - Animals are: - Multicellular. - Ingestive heterotrophs. - Have a division of labour (tissues, organs, systems). - Motile at some stage in their
More informationAnhinga anhinga (Anhinga or Snake-bird)
Anhinga anhinga (Anhinga or Snake-bird) Family Anhingidae (Anhingas and Darters) Order: Pelecaniformes (Pelicans and Allied Waterbirds) Class: Aves (Birds) Fig. 1. Anhinga, Anhinga anhinga. [http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/anhinga_anhinga/,
More informationMay 17, SWBAT explain why scientists classify organisms SWBAT list major levels of hierarchy
May 17, 2017 Aims: SWBAT explain why scientists classify organisms SWBAT list major levels of hierarchy Agenda 1. Do Now 2. Class Notes 3. Guided Practice 4. Independent Practice 5. Practicing our AIMS:
More informationThere are 35 phyla of animals These phyla can be classified into two groups (vertebrates or invertebrates) based on external and internal physical
Name 1 There are 35 phyla of animals These phyla can be classified into two groups (vertebrates or invertebrates) based on external and internal physical characteristics. All animals share several common
More informationName Class Date. After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions:
CHAPTER 14 4 Vertebrates SECTION Introduction to Animals BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: How are vertebrates different from invertebrates? How
More informationYour Eye, My Eye, and the Eye of the Aye Aye: Evolution of Human Vision from 65 Million Years Ago to the Present
# 75 Your Eye, My Eye, and the Eye of the Aye Aye: Evolution of Human Vision from 65 Million Years Ago to the Present Dr. Christopher Kirk December 2, 2011 Produced by and for Hot Science - Cool Talks
More informationDarwin's Fancy with Finches Lexile 940L
arwin's Fancy with Finches Lexile 940L 1 Whales are mammals that live in water. They can hold their breath under the water for a long time, yet still need to go up to the surface to breathe. This is evidence
More informationAdaptation. Survival of the Fittest
Adaptation Survival of the Fittest It s all about traits Acquired Traits Happen After Birth Scars Pierced Ears Learning a Skill Changing Appearance It s all about traits Inherited Traits Programmed at
More informationYour web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore
Your web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore Activitydevelop EXPLO RING VERTEBRATE CL ASSIFICATIO N What criteria
More informationSense of Smell. By: Liz, Gen, Ethan, and Meakena
Sense of Smell By: Liz, Gen, Ethan, and Meakena Function of smell The sense and function of smell is also called olfactometry, the testing and measurement of the sensitivity of the sense of smell. Smell
More informationSEXUAL SELECTION ON PLUMAGE COLOR IN A NORTH CAROLINA POPULATION OF EASTERN BLUEBIRDS. Callie Lynn Younginer. Honors Thesis
SEXUAL SELECTION ON PLUMAGE COLOR IN A NORTH CAROLINA POPULATION OF EASTERN BLUEBIRDS by Callie Lynn Younginer Honors Thesis Appalachian State University Submitted to the Department of Biology in partial
More informationWhat Makes a Bird a Bird?
What Makes a Bird a Bird? Overview Students will compare types of feathers by examining structure and function of each. California Science Standards Grade 5: 6.g.-I&E Grade 6: 7.b.-I&E Grade 7: 7.a.-I&E
More informationAn experimental test of female choice relative to male structural coloration in eastern bluebirds
Behav Ecol Sociobiol (2007) 61:623 630 DOI 10.1007/s00265-006-0292-z ORIGINAL ARTICLE An experimental test of female choice relative to male structural coloration in eastern bluebirds Mark Liu & Lynn Siefferman
More informationCh. 17: Classification
Ch. 17: Classification Who is Carolus Linnaeus? Linnaeus developed the scientific naming system still used today. Taxonomy What is? the science of naming and classifying organisms. A taxon group of organisms
More informationDraw a line from the names below to the animals they match. Red Fox. Wild Turkey. Wood Duck. White-tailed Deer. Black Bear
Science and Nature Cente Draw a line from the names below to the animals they match. Which animal do you like the best that you see in the nature center? Red Fox Wild Turkey Wood Duck White-tailed Deer
More information