DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST Unit 6 Assessment Genetics Objective 3.2.2

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1 DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST Unit 6 Assessment Objective Vocabulary Matching + 1 point each 1. dominant 2. recessive 3. genotype 4. phenotype 5. heterozygous 6. homozygous 7. incomplete dominance 8. co-dominance 9. multiple alleles 10. sex linked traits 11. polygenic traits a. a situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another, a blending of traits b. a trait controlled by many genes c. a term used to refer to an organism that has two of the same alleles for a particular trait; e.g. TT or tt d. the physical characteristics of an organism, the traits expressed e. the genetic makeup of an organism, the set of letters that represent an organism's genes f. this allele is always expressed if only one is present g. a situation in which there are three or more alleles for the same gene; e.g., blood type & eye color h. a term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait; e.g. Tt i. a situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism; e.g., blood type; patchy or spotted traits j. traits whose genes are located on a sex chromosome (X) k. this allele is only expressed if there are two copies present Knowledge Multiple Choice + 2 points each 12. Which statement best describes the relationship between DNA and chromosomes? a. DNA is made of chromosomes b. Chromosomes are made of DNA c. Chromosomes are made of nucleotides, DNA is not. d. DNA is made of nucleotides, chromosomes are not. 13. How many chromosomes does a human baby inherit form each parent? a. 23 from mother 23 from father b. 46 from mother c. 46 from father d. 46 from mother 46 from father 14. Which example below shows that environment helps determine an organism s phenotype? a. an individual s blood type b. whether a person has attached ear lobes or not c. whether a person has a genetic disorder or not d. long exposure to sun will darken a person s skin color 15. What does a karyotype do for genetic counselors? a. It allows them to do crossing over. b. It allows them to discover chromosomal abnormalities (disorders). c. It allows them to genetically engineer the organism. d. It allows them to fertilize an egg cell. 16. What are sex chromosomes? a. one chromosome that determines the b. a pair of chromosomes that determine the c. a pair of genes that that determine the d. 22 pairs of chromosomes that determine the 17. Which of the following is not a polygenic trait? a. skin color b. height c. intelligence d. hitch hiker s thumb

2 18. If a person has the genotype I A i, what is their blood type? a. O b. B c. AB d. A 19. In a pedigree circles represent and squares represent. a. Females; males b. Males; females c. Adults; children d. Children; adults 20. In the pedigree below, an individual is ½ shaded, what does this mean? 23. Farmer Carroll breeds his black lab and golden lab every spring to sell the puppies. Golden color is recessive to black. The most recent litter of puppies included 4 black and 4 golden. What most likely is the genotype of the black Lab? a. homozygous dominant b. heterozygous c. homozygous recessive d. sex-linked recessive 24. Looking at the following karyotype, how would you classify the individual? a. Male, normal b. Male, Down syndrome c. Female, normal d. Female, Down syndrome a. They are dead b. They are homozygous c. They are a carrier d. They are very young Analysis Multiple Choice + 3 points each Use the information below to answer 21 and 22. A watermelon plant that is homozygous dominant for red fruit (F) is crossed with a watermelon plant that is homozygous recessive for yellow fruit (f). All red fruit offspring are produced. If two of these red fruit OFFSPRING are crossed with each other 21. What is the probability that these offspring will produce red fruit? a. 25% c. 75% b. 50% d. 100% 22. What is the probability that these offspring will produce yellow fruit? a. 25% c. 75% b. 50% d. 100% Use the information below to answer 25 and 26. Snapdragons (a type of flower) show incomplete dominance. RR = red R R = white red + white = pink 25. Which phenotypic ratio would be expected in the offspring of one pink and one red flower? a. 2 red : 2 pink : 0 white b. 0 red : 4 pink : 0 white c. 0 RR : 2 RR : 2 R R d. 4 red : 0 spotted : 0 white 26. Which genotypic ratio would be expected in the offspring of one white and one pink flower? a. 0 RR : 2 RR : 2 R R b. 0 RR : 4 RR : 0 R R c. 2 red : 2 pink : 0 white d. 1 RR : 2 RR : 1 R R 27. John is a colorblind male. Colorblindness is a recessive sex-linked trait. He married a female that is not colorblind. They have two baby girls. One of their daughters is color blind the other is not. What is the best explanation for this? a. John s wife is a carrier for color blindness. b. John s wife is homozygous for color blindness. c. John s wife is homozygous for normal vision. d. John is homozygous for color blindness.

3 28. Susan, a mother with type B blood has a child with type O. She claims that Craig, who has type A blood, is the father. Further blood tests ordered by the judge reveal that Craig s genotype is I A I A. The judge should rule that a. Susan is right and Craig must pay child support. b. Craig is not the father and doesn t have to pay support. c. Susan cannot be the real mother. d. It is impossible to make a decision. 29. Some cats exhibit co-dominance in their fur color. They can have white fur, black fur, or black-andwhite spotted fur. What type of offspring would result if a white cat mated with a black-and-white spotted cat? a. 100% black b. 50% white and 50% black-and-white spotted c. 50% black and 50% white d. 100% black and white Use the following pedigree to answer questions 30 & 31. Use the following pedigree for questions 32 and 33. The trait in this pedigree is a recessive sex linked trait. 32. What is the genotype of person number 2? a. X a X a b. X a Y c. X X a d. X Y 33. Which female is most likely a carrier? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d Which of the following must be true about Carla s parents? a. Ann = aa, Michael = aa b. Ann = Aa, Michael = Aa c. Ann = AA, Michael = aa d. Ann = aa, Michael = Aa 31. Which statement below is correct about this pedigree? a. The trait is autosomal dominant. b. The trait is autosomal recessive. c. The trait is sex-linked recessive. d. None of these statements is correct.

4 Unit 6 Assessment Test Color: Name: Block: Date: points earned points possible % Mendelian 26 % Non-Mendelian 26 % Pedigrees 16 % Free Response 20 % Total 88 % Mendelian Non-Mendelian Pedigrees 1 POINT 1 POINT 1 POINT POINTS 2 POINTS 2 POINTS POINTS 3 POINTS 3 POINTS

5 Free Response Questions (20 points total) (3 points for showing your work, ½ point per answer) 1. Solve the following: Complete dominance Cross a heterozygous yellow pea plant with a homozygous green pea plant. Yellow is dominant and green is recessive. a. What is the probability of a green pea plant? b. What percentage of the offspring are homozygous dominant? 2. Solve the following: Incomplete dominance Cross a blue jellyfish with a green jellyfish. The allele for blue is B and the allele for yellow is B. a. What is the probability of having a blue jellyfish? b. How many green jellyfish show up in the offspring? 3. Solve the following: Co-dominance A farmer crosses a homozygous white cow with a roan (brown and white) bull. a. What is the probability that the offspring will be brown? b. If there were 4 calves, approximately how many of them would be white? 4. Solve the following: Sex-linked Cross a woman with color blindness with a normal male: a. How many normal males are there? b. From which parent did the boys inherit their colorblindness? 5. Solve the following: Multiple alleles Cross a person with type A (genotype I A i) blood with a person with type AB blood. a. What percent of the offspring have type A blood? b. Can these two parents have a child with type O blood? Explain why or why not.