447 Ortolan Bunting. Put your logo here SIMILAR SPECIES. ORTOLAN BUNTING (Emberiza hortulana) IDENTIFICATION. Write your website here
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1 SIMILAR SPECIES Adult birds are unmistakable due to their head pattern with a moustachial stripe. Juveniles recalls to the Cirl Bunting ones, which have dark bill and greenish lesser coverts; juveniles Yellowhammer have darl bill and chestnut rump; juveniles Rock Bunting have dark bill and grey lesser coverts. Spring. Adult. Male (15-VI). Cirl Juvenile. ORTOLAN BUNTING (Emberiza hortulana) IDENTIFICATION cm. Upperparts brown streaked dark; buff underparts, with yellow throat and moustachial stripe; greenish head; brown bill with pinkish tinge. Juveniles brown, with paler underparts. Yellow hammer. Juvenile Adult. Pattern of upperparts, breast and head. Rock Juvenile. Juvenile. Pattern of head and small wing coverts. Page 1
2 SEXING In spring, male with grey crown and line under the moustache ; crown without streaks; band on breast wide and unstreaked. Female with greenish crown and line under the moustache ; crown with streaks; band on breast streaked dark (CAUTION: birds with crown and breast slightly streaked must not be sexed). In autumn, and with adult birds, only males with breeding plumage can be sexed since, after postbreeding moult, males similar to females can be found Juveniles and 1st year birds cannot be sexed using plumage characters. Sexing. Spring. Pattern of breast: left male; right female. Sexing. Spring. Pattern of head: top male; bottom female. Sexing. Autumn. Adult. Pattern of head: top male; bottom unsexable Sexing. Spring. Pattern of crown: left male; right female. Sexing. Autumn. Adult. Pattern of crown: left male; right unsexable Page 2
3 Sexing. Autumn. Adult. Pattern of breast: left male; right unsexable Ageing. Autumn. Moult limit on greater coverts: top adult; bottom 1st year AGEING 4 types of age can be recognized: Juvenile with fresh plumage; face and underparts whitish-buff streakes blackish; the two outermost tail feathers usually with pointed tips. 1st year autumn usually with moult limits between moulted and retained greater coverts (CAUTION: some birds moult all greater coverts); all flight feathers with only one age; the two outermost tail feathers without white tips, or with only a little on the outermost one; tail feathers are juvenile and usually pointed. 2nd year spring with primary coverts and flight feathers more worn and bleached than in adults; if greater coverts or juvenile tail feathers are retained then they will be worn; flight feathers always with only one age. Adult in autumn without moult limits on wing coverts; if moult is stopped then with two generations of flight feathers; the two outermost tail feathers with rounded tips; tail feathers fresh and rounded; in spring all wing coverts and tail feathers with adult pattern. CAUTION: due to the interruption of the moult and its continuity in the wintering areas it can have two generations of greater coverts and, sometimes, two generations of flight feathers. Ageing. Spring. Pattern of tip of the central tail feathers: left adult; right 2nd year. Ageing. Spring. Pattern of tip of the outermost tail feathers: left adult; right 2nd year. Page 3
4 MOULT Complete postbreeding moult; usually finished in October; some birds stop moult to finish in wintering quarters. Partial postjuvenile moult including body feathers and lesser and median coverts; some birds change a variable number of greater coverts and tertials; usually finished late september before migration. Both types of age have a prebreeding moult more extense in 2nd year birds, changing body feathers. Extent of postjuvenile moult. Spring. 2nd year. Male (15-VI). PHENOLOGY I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII STATUS IN ARAGON Summer visitor breeding in the mountainous areas of the Region. Spring. 2nd year. Female (). Spring. Adult. Female (). Spring. Juvenile (20-VII). Page 4
5 Spring. Adult. Head pattern: top male; (15- VI); bottom female (). Spring. Adult. Crown pattern: left male; (15-VI); right female (). Spring. Head pattern: top 2nd year male (15- VI); middle 2nd year female (); bottom juvenile (20-VII). Spring. Crown pattern: top left 2nd year male (15-VI); top right 2nd year female (); left juvenile (20-VII). Spring. Adult. Breast pattern: left male; (15-VI); right female (). Page 5
6 Spring. Breast pattern: top left 2nd year male (15-VI); top right 2nd year female (); left juvenile (20-VII). Spring. Upperparts pattern: top left 2nd year male (15-VI); top right 2nd year female (); left juvenile (20- VII). Spring. Adult. Upperpart pattern: left male; (15-VI); right female (). Spring. Adult. Tail pattern: left male; (15-VI); right female (). Page 6
7 Spring. 2nd year. Male: pattern of wing (15-VI). Spring. Tail pattern: top left 2nd year male (15-VI); top right 2nd year female (); left juvenile (20-VII). Spring. 2nd year. Female: pattern of wing (). Spring. Adult. Male: pattern of wing (15-VI). Spring. Juvenile: pattern of wing (20-VII). Spring. Adult. Female: pattern of wing (). Page 7
8 Autumn. Adult. Male (). Autumn. Head pattern: top adult male (); middle adult unsexable (); bottom 1st year (27-IX). Autumn. Adult. Unsexable (). Autumn. Crown pattern: top left adult male (); top right adult unsexable (); left 1st year (27-IX). Autumn. 1st year (27-IX). Page 8
9 Autumn. Breast pattern: top left adult male (); top right adult unsexable (); left 1st year (27-IX). Autumn. Tail pattern: top left adult male (); top right adult unsexable (); left 1st year (27-IX). Autumn. Upperpart pattern: top left adult male (); top right adult unsexable (); left 1st year (27-IX). Autumn. Adult. Male: pattern of wing (). Autumn. Adult. Unsexable: pattern of wing (). Page 9
10 Autumn. 1st year: pattern of wing (27-IX). Page 10
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