Family Soricidae Masked shrew Southeastern shrew (long-tailed shrews)

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1 Masked shrew Southeastern shrew (long-tailed shrews) Solitary, insectivorous & primarily nocturnal Prefers moist habitats Breeds summer-fall Has 1-2 litters per breeding season Family Soricidae

2 Family Soricidae Northern short-tailed shrew Southern short-tailed shrew (short-tailed shrews) Solitary, insectivorous & primarily nocturnal Most fossorial of N. American shrews Breeds summer-fall Has up to 3 litters per season Uses echolocation Venomous, has musk glands atch?v=uah4qgdo-fm

3 Least shrew Insectivorous & primarily nocturnal Prefers brushy habitat Breeds summer-fall Somewhat social shrew, nests in groups Venomous Family Soricidae

4 Family Talpidae Eastern mole Diurnal, overlap home ranges Burrows underground in habitats with moist soils Insectivorous, eats lots of earthworms Breeds in spring Can burrow 4.5 m per hr

5 Plains pocket gopher Diurnal, solitary, & territorial Burrows in sandy soils in open habitats Herbivorous- eats mostly underground roots Breeds in spring, males mate with multiple females Fur-lined cheek pouches Family Geomyidae

6 Family Castoridae American beaver Largest rodent in N. America Nocturnal & herbivorous Monogamous- live in family groups & defend marked territories Build dams when they hear running water- build lodges in deep water that won t freeze through

7 Eastern chipmunk Diurnal, solitary, & omnivorous Lives in shallow burrows in woods & parks Removes dirt from burrows by carrying it away in cheek pouches Has 2 breeding seasons per year, goes into torpor in winter Family Sciuridae

8 Woodchuck Diurnal, solitary, & herbivorous Lives in burrows in many types of habitats Hibernates in the winter Family Sciuridae

9 Family Sciuridae Franklin s ground squirrel Thirteen-lined ground squirrel Diurnal & omnivorous Burrow underground in grassy habitat Hibernate in the winter

10 Family Sciuridae Eastern gray squirrel Fox squirrel Diurnal & omnivorous Can breed twice per year, but usually breed only once in colder climates Females mate with multiple males, males compete for mating order Mostly arboreal Do not hibernate

11 Family Sciuridae Red squirrel Diurnal & omnivorous Prefers forested habitat Can breed twice per year, but usually breed only once in colder climates Spend winter in underground tunnels in northern part of range Do not hibernate

12 Southern flying squirrel Nocturnal, omnivorous, & can be gregarious (especially in winter) Found in woodland habitats Can breed twice per year Glide using membranous skin, steer using tail Family Sciuridae

13 Family Cricetidae Marsh rice rat Nocturnal, omnivorous, & semiaquatic Found in swamps & marshes Good swimmer, will jump in water to avoid predators Breeds mainly in the summer, can have up to 6 litters per season

14 Family Cricetidae Western harvest mouse Nocturnal & solitary Granivorous, but sometimes eats insects Found in grasslands & marshes Breeds spring though fall, polygynous Has up to 4 litters per season Builds spherical nest of grasses on the ground

15 Deer mouse White-footed mouse Nocturnal & omnivorous Can breed all year, except during harsh conditions Sometimes nests in groups to conserve heat in winter, also enters torpor Family Cricetidae

16 Family Cricetidae Golden mouse Nocturnal & granivorous Found in thick woodlands & swampy areas Mainly arboreal, but will sometimes nest on ground Can breed all year long Gregarious, will nest in groups

17 Family Cricetidae Eastern woodrat Nocturnal, solitary, & herbivorous Found in deciduous forests & marshes Can breed all year round Builds large nests of sticks Caches food & shiny objects in den

18 Family Cricetidae Meadow vole Prairie vole Nocturnal in summer, diurnal in winter Herbivorous Found in grassy areas Live close together, but aggressive towards others Can breed all year, have up to 5 litters Meadow voles are promiscuous, prairie voles are sometimes monogamous

19 Family Cricetidae Southern bog lemming Mostly nocturnal & herbivorous Found in grasslands & bogs Live in small colonies Make runways in vegetation & burrow underground Can breed all year, have 2-3 litters

20 Family Cricetidae Muskrat Mostly diurnal & omnivorous Found in marshes & wetlands Good swimmers, webbed feet, flattened tail Use burrows in banks & build lodges for family groups Breed in warm months in northern part of range

21 Family Dipodidae Meadow jumping mouse Mostly nocturnal & solitary Omnivorous, but eats mostly seeds Found in moist grasslands Breeds in the spring Hibernates in the winter in nests located underground or under protective structures