Research update - medicines for koalas

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Research update - medicines for koalas"

Transcription

1 Sydney School of Veterinary Science istock photo Research update - medicines for koalas Merran Govendir Associate Professor in Veterinary Pharmacology merran.govendir@sydney.edu.au 1

2 Introduction Who we are, what we do Analgesics Antimicrobials Future research plans introduction 3-4

3 Who we are! Who we are! introduction 3-4

4 publications 1. Griffith JE et al. Absorption of enrofloxacin & marbofloxacin after oral and subcutaneous administration in diseased koalas. J Vet Pharm Ther 2010;33: Govendir M et al. Plasma concentrations of chloramphenicol after subcutaneous administration to koalas with chlamydiosis. J Vet Pharm Ther 2012;35: Black LA et al. Pharmacokinetics of chloramphenicol following administration of intravenous & subcutaneous chloramphenicol succinate & chloramphenicol subcutaneous base to koalas. J Vet Pharm Ther 2013: 36; Kimble B et al. Quantitation of meloxicam in the plasma of koalas by improved high performance liquid chromatography 2013 J Vet Sci 14 (1) Kimble B et al. Pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in koalas after intravenous, subcutaneous & oral administration. J Vet Pharm Ther 2012: 36; Black LA, et al. Pharmacokinetics of fluconazole following oral and intravenous administration to koalas. J Vet Pharm & Ther (2014) 37; Black LA et al. Evaluation of enrofloxacin use in koalas using population pharmacokinetics and Monte Carlo simulation. J Vet Pharm & Ther (2014) 37; Kimble B et al. A comparative study of in vitro metabolism of meloxicam in koalas, brush tail possums, ring tail possums rats and dogs. J Comp Biochem Physio C (2014) 161; De Kauwe T, et al Analgesic drug regimens used for koalas in Australia and their perceived efficacy. J Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (2014) 45; Black LA et al In-vitro activities of chloramphenicol, florfenicol and enrofloxacin against Chlamydia pecorum isolated from koalas. Aust Vet J (2015) 93; Govendir M et al., Pharmacokinetic indices of oral fluconazole administration to koalas infected with cryptococcosis. J Vet Pharm & Ther (2016); 39; Budd C et al., Florfenicol as a possible treatment for chlamydiosis in koalas. Accepted Aust Vet J 13. Gharibi S et al., Pharmacokinetics of posaconazole in koalas after intravenous and oral administration. J Vet Pharm and Ther (2017) DOI: /jvp Summary 18

5 Analgesics Meloxicam (Metacam ) A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) Enrofloxacin 4

6 In-vivo meloxicam - NSAID Meloxicam plasma half life Hours People Dog 24 Koala 1.19 (range ) Meloxicam 0.1mg/kg oral (n= 3) & 0.1mg/kg sub cut (n = 3 both groups) Negligible oral absorption! Meloxicam 7

7 In-vitro microsome assays 1994 istock photo Microsome assay Microsome s 10

8 Generalist folivore Specialist folivores Common brushtail possum Common ringtail possum Rate of disappearance of meloxicam when incubated with liver microsomes

9 Koalas diet - high concentrations of dietary plant secondary metabolites (PSM) such as -terpenes -phenolics -formyphloroglucinols Phenolics 20% mostly undergo Phase 2 conjugation Terpenoids undergo Phase 1 oxidation Lignin 15% Lipids (including essential oils) 16% Non-cellulose carbohydrate 17% Ash 5% Cellulose (requires bacterial fermentation) 19% Protein 8% Benjamin 9

10 In people & other species metabolism of NSAIDs requires the enzyme: Cytochrome (CYP) 2C or CYP2C Phenolics 20% mostly undergo Phase 2 conjugation Terpenoids undergo Phase 1 oxidation Lignin 15% Lipids (including essential oils) 16% Non-cellulose carbohydrate 17% Ash 5% Cellulose (requires bacterial fermentation) 19% Protein 8% Benjamin 9

11 Results In-vitro Cl int (µl/min/mg protein) n.d n.d Rat Koala Ringtail possum Brushtail possum Tolbutamide Fluvastatin Indomethacin Meloxicam Diclofenac Flurbiprofen In-vitro Cl int of CYP2C9 substrates determined from hepatic microsomes of rat (pooled) and E. feeders (n = 1, each species); numbers indicate in-vitro Cl int (µl/min/mg protein) estimated from single time point; n.d. (not determined): as the depletion of substrates was extremely fast, and the in-vitro Cl int (at least > 350 µl/min/mg protein) was not determined. n.d.

12 Provided by Dr Rebecca Johnson & Koala Genome Group

13 Tramdol Tramadol What is it? Analgesic Opioid like enhances serotonin action in CNS Why? Port Koala Hospital request introduction 3-4

14 Tramadol metabolism: rat (black graph) vs koala (pink graph) uv Baseline t = 0 min min uv t = 30 min min uv t = 60 min min

15 Cefovecin Convenia - antibacterial Amoxicillin - antibacterial Florfenicol - to date disappointing treatment for chlamydiosis Posaconazole Noxafil antifungal Summary 18

16 Cefovecin One subcut injection has a duration of action of 10 to 14 days in dogs & cats Due to > 98% plasma protein binding in these species introduction 3-4

17 protein binding (%) In-vitro cefovecin study In-vivo cefovecin study undertaken at Taronga zoo Horse koala Cefovecin concentration (ug/ml) Cefovecin blood concentration < 1 µg/ml at all time points over 4 days - Does not have a long duration in the koala Absorption 16

18 Amoxicillin Why not amoxicillin clavulanate? 10 mg/kg subcutaneous injection introduction 3-4

19 Time AMX concentration (µg/ml) Darwin Freya Mallee* Max* Rubi* Storm* 0 h h h h h h h h h * All values for koalas Mallee, Max, Rubi and Storm were not detectable. Enrofloxacin 4

20 Posaconazole Antifungal drug 6 mg/kg oral administration Likely effective to treat cryptococcosis introduction 3-4

21 Future plans Future plans *tramadol in-vivo study *fentanyl patches (analgesic) study *continue NSAID study *efficacious treatment for chlamydiosis introduction 3-4

22 Updates on research Facebook: Twitter: Blog: Summary 17

23 How can you you assist? Need students Donations to support this research introduction 3-4

24 Thanks to to Cheyne Flanagan & The Port Macquarie Koala Hospital Larry Vogelnest & Taronga Zoo Fumie Tokonami & Currumbin Sanctuary Wildlife hospital Amber Gillett and Australia Zoo Wildlife Hospital Jon Hanger & Jo Loader Endeavour Veterinary Ecology Financial support from Hermon Slade Foundation Boehringer Ingelheim Fin Violet Winifred Scott Foundation Port Macquarie Koala Hospital Sydney School of Veterinary Science Services 7-8

Copyright and use of this thesis

Copyright and use of this thesis Copyright and use of this thesis This thesis must be used in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. Reproduction of material protected by copyright may be an infringement of copyright

More information

Metacam 1.5 mg/ml oral suspension for dogs

Metacam 1.5 mg/ml oral suspension for dogs Metacam 1.5 mg/ml oral suspension for dogs Species:Dogs Therapeutic indication:pharmaceuticals: Neurological preparations: Analgesics, Other NSAIDs, Locomotor (including navicular and osteoarthritis) Active

More information

Sea Turtle Analgesics Selection - NSAIDS. Loggerhead Coquina (postoperative ketorolac)

Sea Turtle Analgesics Selection - NSAIDS. Loggerhead Coquina (postoperative ketorolac) Sea Turtle Analgesics Selection - NSAIDS Craig A. Harms, D.V.M., Ph.D, Dipl. ACZM North Carolina State University Loggerhead Coquina (postoperative ketorolac) $& Sources of Information!! Anecdote!! Expert

More information

Meloxicam withdrawal time veterinarian bovine

Meloxicam withdrawal time veterinarian bovine Meloxicam withdrawal time veterinarian bovine The Borg System is 100 % Meloxicam withdrawal time veterinarian bovine Meloxicam Pain Relief in Cows and Calves. Meloxicam meat and milk withdrawal the standard

More information

Commonly Used Analgesics

Commonly Used Analgesics Commonly Used Analgesics The following analgesics are intended for general use in the species of laboratory animals commonly used at NEOUCOM. The animals genetic background and other factors may have a

More information

Metacam. The Only NSAID Approved for Cats in the US. John G. Pantalo, VMD Professional Services Veterinarian. Think easy. Think cat. Think METACAM.

Metacam. The Only NSAID Approved for Cats in the US. John G. Pantalo, VMD Professional Services Veterinarian. Think easy. Think cat. Think METACAM. Metacam The Only NSAID Approved for Cats in the US John G. Pantalo, VMD Professional Services Veterinarian Think easy. Think cat. Think METACAM. Today s Agenda New pain management guidelines for cats Only

More information

Irish Greyhound Board. Scientific Advisory Committee on Doping and Medication Control. Opinion on Carprofen

Irish Greyhound Board. Scientific Advisory Committee on Doping and Medication Control. Opinion on Carprofen Irish Greyhound Board Scientific Advisory Committee on Doping and Medication Control Opinion on Carprofen The Committee has been examining the advice it would give the Board on the threshold for carprofen

More information

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS The European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products Veterinary Medicines and Information Technology Unit EMEA/MRL/693/99-FINAL October 1999 COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS MARBOFLOXACIN

More information

Pain Management in Racing Greyhounds

Pain Management in Racing Greyhounds Pain Management in Racing Greyhounds Pain Pain is a syndrome consisting of multiple organ system responses, and if left untreated will contribute to patient morbidity and mortality. Greyhounds incur a

More information

Just where it s needed.

Just where it s needed. Relief. Just where it s needed. Tissue-selective 7,8 Strong safety profile 5,6,10,11 For dogs and cats Onsior is available in a range of convenient and easy-to-dose formulations. Injectable solution for

More information

Pharmacokinetics of the Bovine Formulation of Enrofloxacin (Baytril 100) in Horses

Pharmacokinetics of the Bovine Formulation of Enrofloxacin (Baytril 100) in Horses C. Boeckh, C. Buchanan, A. Boeckh, S. Wilkie, C. Davis, T. Buchanan, and D. Boothe Pharmacokinetics of the Bovine Formulation of Enrofloxacin (Baytril 100) in Horses Christine Boeckh, DVM, MS a Charles

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Emdocam 20 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle, pigs and horses

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Emdocam 20 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle, pigs and horses SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Emdocam 20 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle, pigs and horses 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One ml contains:

More information

INTRODUCTION TO WILDLIFE PHARMACOLOGY. Lisa Fosco Wildlife Rehabilitation Manager Toronto Wildlife Centre

INTRODUCTION TO WILDLIFE PHARMACOLOGY. Lisa Fosco Wildlife Rehabilitation Manager Toronto Wildlife Centre INTRODUCTION TO WILDLIFE PHARMACOLOGY Lisa Fosco Wildlife Rehabilitation Manager Toronto Wildlife Centre General Pharmacology Factors That Affect Drug Absorption The dosage form Blood supply to the area

More information

PHARMA SCIENCE MONITOR AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION OF MOXIFLOXACIN AND

PHARMA SCIENCE MONITOR AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION OF MOXIFLOXACIN AND PHARMA SCIENCE MONITOR AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION OF MOXIFLOXACIN AND MELOXICAM FOLLOWING INTRAMUSCULAR ADMINISTRATION IN RATS KA Sadariya, AK Gothi,

More information

DISPOSITION STUDY OF MELOXICAM ALONE AND ALONG WITH ENROFLOXACIN IN MALE BUFFALO CALVES AFTER INTRAVENOUS ROUTE

DISPOSITION STUDY OF MELOXICAM ALONE AND ALONG WITH ENROFLOXACIN IN MALE BUFFALO CALVES AFTER INTRAVENOUS ROUTE Wayamba Journal of Animal Science ISSN: 2012-578X; P322 - P326, 2012 First Submitted May 04, 2012; Number 1337248676 DISPOSITION STUDY OF MELOXICAM ALONE AND ALONG WITH ENROFLOXACIN IN MALE BUFFALO CALVES

More information

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Metacam 5 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle and pigs 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One ml contains:

More information

Summary of Product Characteristics

Summary of Product Characteristics Summary of Product Characteristics 1 NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Melosolute 5 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle, pigs, dogs and cats. 2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One ml

More information

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Metacam 5 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle and pigs 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One ml contains:

More information

Caution: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.

Caution: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM VETMEDICA, INC. USA Product Label http://www.vetdepot.com 2621 NORTH BELT HIGHWAY, ST. JOSEPH, MO, 64506 2002 Telephone: 800 325 9167 Fax: 816 236 2717 Email: www.bi vetmedica.com

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Rycarfa 100 mg tablets for dogs (BE, DE, ES, FR, IE, IT, NL, PT, UK) Rycarfa vet 100 mg tablets for dogs (DK, FI) Carprox

More information

Summary of Product Characteristics

Summary of Product Characteristics Summary of Product Characteristics 1 NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Melosolute 20 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle, pigs and horses. 2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One ml contains:

More information

Irish Medicines Board

Irish Medicines Board IRISH MEDICINES BOARD ACT 1995 EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (ANIMAL REMEDIES) (No. 2) REGULATIONS 2007 (S.I. No. 786 of 2007) VPA:10778/003/002 Case No: 7003735 The Irish Medicines Board in exercise of the powers

More information

MARBOCYL 10% SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

MARBOCYL 10% SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS MARBOCYL 10% SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT MARBOCYL 10%, solution for injection for cattle and swine 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Marbofloxacin...100.0

More information

Welcome to. Who Wants to be a Millionaire 50:50

Welcome to. Who Wants to be a Millionaire 50:50 0:0 Welcome to Who Wants to be a Millionaire 0 $ Million $,000 $,000 $00 0 $ Million $,000 $,000 $00 What is the generic name for the drug in Ketofen? C:Ketoprofen 0:0 0 $ Million $,000 $,000 $00 A: Ketarian

More information

EPAR type II variation for Metacam

EPAR type II variation for Metacam 23 June 2011 EMA/674662/2011 International Non-proprietary Name: Meloxicam Procedure No. EMEA/V/C/033/II/084 EU/2/97/004/026, 33-34 Scope: Type II Addition of indication for cats Page 1/6 Table of contents

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. Animeloxan 1.5 mg/ml oral suspension for dogs. Active substance: Meloxicam 1.5 mg (equivalent to 0.

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. Animeloxan 1.5 mg/ml oral suspension for dogs. Active substance: Meloxicam 1.5 mg (equivalent to 0. SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Animeloxan 1.5 mg/ml oral suspension for dogs 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Each ml of suspension contains:

More information

NSAIDs Are You Following the Rules?

NSAIDs Are You Following the Rules? NSAIDs Are You Following the Rules? As equestrians, we expect a lot from our performance horses. Sometimes pain and inflammation of their joints can happen right before a show or competition. Before administering

More information

POST-OPERATIVE ANALGESIA AND FORMULARIES

POST-OPERATIVE ANALGESIA AND FORMULARIES POST-OPERATIVE ANALGESIA AND FORMULARIES An integral component of any animal protocol is the prevention or alleviation of pain or distress, such as that associated with surgical and other procedures. Pain

More information

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1/127

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1/127 ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1/127 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Metacam 5 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle and pigs 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One ml

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Marbocare 20 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle and pigs (UK, IE, FR) Odimar 20 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle

More information

SELECT NEWS. Florfenicol Monograph: Injectable & Oral Therapy for Swine

SELECT NEWS. Florfenicol Monograph: Injectable & Oral Therapy for Swine SELECT NEWS Florfenicol Monograph: Injectable & Oral Therapy for Swine Did you know that? Florfenicol is one of the most powerful antibiotics currently available in veterinary medicine with one of the

More information

Part II SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. Each tablet contains 25 mg Clindamycin (as Clindamycin Hydrochloride)

Part II SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. Each tablet contains 25 mg Clindamycin (as Clindamycin Hydrochloride) Clindacyl 25mg Tablets Vm 08007/4104 Part II SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT CLINDACYL 25 MG TABLETS 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Each tablet

More information

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used widely to relieve pain, with or without

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used widely to relieve pain, with or without May 2013 Contents About NSAIDs What about COXselectivity? How effective are NSAIDs? Adverse effects of NSAIDs How frequent are the adverse effects of NSAIDs? General prescribing guidelines for NSAIDs What

More information

Final Report. Project code: P.PSH.0653 Prepared by: Fiona Cotter Troy Laboratories Pty Ltd Date published: July 2014

Final Report. Project code: P.PSH.0653 Prepared by: Fiona Cotter Troy Laboratories Pty Ltd Date published: July 2014 Final Report Project code: P.PSH.0653 Prepared by: Fiona Cotter Troy Laboratories Pty Ltd Date published: July 2014 PUBLISHED BY Meat & Livestock Australia Limited Locked Bag 991 NORTH SYDNEY NSW 2059

More information

discover the nextgeneration of flea & tick protection NEW TASTY CHEW ONE CHEW ONCE A MONTH

discover the nextgeneration of flea & tick protection NEW TASTY CHEW ONE CHEW ONCE A MONTH discover the nextgeneration of flea & tick protection KILLS FLEAS KILLS TICKS ONE CHEW ONCE A MONTH TASTY CHEW NEW Now there s a new oral treatment that offers effective flea AND tick control on dogs for

More information

Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections Prof. Mohammad Alhumayyd Dr. Aliah Alshanwani

Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections Prof. Mohammad Alhumayyd Dr. Aliah Alshanwani Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections Prof. Mohammad Alhumayyd Dr. Aliah Alshanwani 30-1-2018 1 Objectives of the lecture At the end of lecture, the students should be able to understand the following:

More information

Principles of Antimicrobial therapy

Principles of Antimicrobial therapy Principles of Antimicrobial therapy Laith Mohammed Abbas Al-Huseini M.B.Ch.B., M.Sc, M.Res, Ph.D Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Antimicrobial agents are chemical substances that can kill or

More information

Meloxicam vs etodolac cox 2 inhibition

Meloxicam vs etodolac cox 2 inhibition Meloxicam vs etodolac cox 2 inhibition The Borg System is 100 % Meloxicam vs etodolac cox 2 inhibition of GI. Aspirin inhibits plt aggregration via inhibition of platelet COX. Meloxicam least. Etodolac

More information

European public MRL assessment report (EPMAR)

European public MRL assessment report (EPMAR) 15 January 2013 EMA/CVMP/914694/2011 Committee for Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use (CVMP) European public MRL assessment report (EPMAR) Fenbendazole (extension to chicken and extrapolation to all

More information

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS The European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products Veterinary Medicines Evaluation Unit EMEA/MRL/389/98-FINAL July 1998 COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS ENROFLOXACIN (extension to

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Kelacyl 100 mg/ml, solution for injection for cattle and pigs (BG, CY, CZ, DE, EL, FR, HU, IE, IT, LT, PL, PT, RO, SK, UK)

More information

Baytril 100 (enrofloxacin) Injectable is FDA-approved for BRD control (metaphylaxis) in high-risk cattle.

Baytril 100 (enrofloxacin) Injectable is FDA-approved for BRD control (metaphylaxis) in high-risk cattle. Baytril 100 (enrofloxacin) Injectable is FDA-approved for BRD control (metaphylaxis) in high-risk cattle. Whether controlling or treating BRD, it s important to kill bacteria to let the calf s immune system

More information

SELECT NEWS. Florfenicol Monograph: Injectable Therapy for Cattle

SELECT NEWS. Florfenicol Monograph: Injectable Therapy for Cattle SELECT NEWS Florfenicol Monograph: Injectable Therapy for Cattle Did you know that? Florfenicol is one of the most powerful antibiotics currently available in veterinary medicine with one of the lowest

More information

Pierre-Louis Toutain, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire National veterinary School of Toulouse, France Wuhan 12/10/2015

Pierre-Louis Toutain, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire National veterinary School of Toulouse, France Wuhan 12/10/2015 Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for amoxicillin in pigs: the setting of the PK/PD cutoff value using population kinetic and Monte Carlo Simulation Pierre-Louis Toutain, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT AT, BE, BG, CY, CZ, DE, EE, EL, ES, FR, HR, HU, IE, IT, LT, LU, NL, PT, RO, SK, UK: Kelaprofen 100 mg/ml, solution for injection

More information

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Loxicom 0.5 mg/ml oral suspension for dogs 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Each ml contains: Active

More information

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. Medicinal product no longer authorised

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. Medicinal product no longer authorised ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Zubrin 50 mg oral lyophilisates for dogs Zubrin 100 mg oral lyophilisates for dogs Zubrin 200 mg oral lyophilisates

More information

Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics

Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics November 28, 2007 George P. Allen, Pharm.D. Assistant Professor, Pharmacy Practice OSU College of Pharmacy at OHSU Objectives Become familiar with PD parameters what they

More information

EXCEDE Sterile Suspension

EXCEDE Sterile Suspension VIAL LABEL MAIN PANEL PRESCRIPTION ANIMAL REMEDY KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN READ SAFETY DIRECTIONS FOR ANIMAL TREATMENT ONLY EXCEDE Sterile Suspension 200 mg/ml CEFTIOFUR as Ceftiofur Crystalline Free

More information

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Novem 5 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle and pigs 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One ml contains:

More information

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1/33

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1/33 ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1/33 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Acticam 1.5 mg/ml oral suspension for dogs 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Each ml of Acticam 1.5

More information

Mouse Formulary. The maximum recommended volume of a drug given depends on the route of administration (Formulary for Laboratory Animals, 3 rd ed.

Mouse Formulary. The maximum recommended volume of a drug given depends on the route of administration (Formulary for Laboratory Animals, 3 rd ed. Mouse Formulary The maximum recommended volume of a drug given depends on the route of administration (Formulary for Laboratory Animals, 3 rd ed.): Intraperitoneal (IP) doses should not exceed 80 ml/kg

More information

Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and

Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere

More information

Scientific Discussion post-authorisation update for Rheumocam extension X/007

Scientific Discussion post-authorisation update for Rheumocam extension X/007 5 May 2011 EMA/170257/2011 Veterinary Medicines and Product Data Management Scientific Discussion post-authorisation update for Rheumocam extension X/007 Scope of extension: addition of 20 mg/ml solution

More information

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Rheumocam 1.5 mg/ml oral suspension for dogs 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One ml contains: Active

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Carprodyl Quadri 120 mg chewable tablets for dogs Carprodyl vet. 120 mg chewable tablets for dogs (FI, SE, DK) 2. QUALITATIVE

More information

Meloxicam: a review of its pharmacokinetics, efficacy and tolerability following intramuscular administration

Meloxicam: a review of its pharmacokinetics, efficacy and tolerability following intramuscular administration Inflamm. res. 50, Supplement 1 (2001) S5 S9 1023-3830/01/01S5-05 $ 1.50+0.20/0 Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 2001 Inflammation Research Meloxicam: a review of its pharmacokinetics, efficacy and tolerability

More information

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS The European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products EMEA/MRL/571/99-FINAL February 1999 COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS MELOXICAM SUMMARY REPORT (2) 1. Meloxicam (4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-2-thiazolyl)-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide-1,1-

More information

International Journal of Advances in Pharmacy and Biotechnology Vol.3, Issue-2, 2017, 1-7 Research Article Open Access.

International Journal of Advances in Pharmacy and Biotechnology Vol.3, Issue-2, 2017, 1-7 Research Article Open Access. I J A P B International Journal of Advances in Pharmacy and Biotechnology Vol.3, Issue-2, 2017, 1-7 Research Article Open Access. ISSN: 2454-8375 COMPARISON OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND MIC OF BRANDED

More information

USA Product Label CLINTABS TABLETS. Virbac. brand of clindamycin hydrochloride tablets. ANADA # , Approved by FDA DESCRIPTION

USA Product Label CLINTABS TABLETS. Virbac. brand of clindamycin hydrochloride tablets. ANADA # , Approved by FDA DESCRIPTION VIRBAC CORPORATION USA Product Label http://www.vetdepot.com P.O. BOX 162059, FORT WORTH, TX, 76161 Telephone: 817-831-5030 Order Desk: 800-338-3659 Fax: 817-831-8327 Website: www.virbacvet.com CLINTABS

More information

Scientific discussion

Scientific discussion 21 February 2011 EMA/CVMP/510016/2010 Veterinary Medicines and Product Data Management This module reflects the initial scientific discussion for the approval of Melosus (as published in February 2011).

More information

Is erythromycin bactericidal

Is erythromycin bactericidal Is erythromycin bactericidal Search Comparison of erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, telithromycin, roxithromycin: mechanism of action, spectrum of activity, side effects, drug interactions. Erythromycin

More information

THE STABILITY OF E1VROFLOXA CIN University Undergraduate Research Fellow. A Senior Thesis. Texas ASM University.

THE STABILITY OF E1VROFLOXA CIN University Undergraduate Research Fellow. A Senior Thesis. Texas ASM University. THE STABILITY OF E1VROFLOXA CIN A Senior Thesis By Meagan A. Dodge 1997-98 University Undergraduate Research Fellow Texas ASM University Group: Biology THE STABILITY OF ENROFLOXACIN MEAGANA, DODGE Submitted

More information

Using Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the efficacy of six antimicrobials against Mycoplasma gallisepticum.

Using Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the efficacy of six antimicrobials against Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Research Article http://www.alliedacademies.org/veterinary-medicine-and-allied-science/ Using Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the efficacy of six antimicrobials against Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Fang

More information

ARCI Controlled Therapeutic Medication Schedule for Horses - Version 2.2 Revised April 2015

ARCI Controlled Therapeutic Medication Schedule for Horses - Version 2.2 Revised April 2015 ARCI Schedule for Horses - Version 2.2 Revised April 2015 Acepromazine 10 nanograms per milliliter as 2-(1- hydroxyethyl) promazine sulfoxide (HEPS) in urine Single intravenous dose of acepromazine at

More information

You can lock the gate for seven days, but you can t stop Baytril 100 (enrofloxacin) Injectable.

You can lock the gate for seven days, but you can t stop Baytril 100 (enrofloxacin) Injectable. You can lock the gate for seven days, but you can t stop Baytril 100 (enrofloxacin) Injectable. Baytril 100 (enrofloxacin) Injectable field trial investigates the lock the gate BRD treatment regimen. Often,

More information

Principles of Anti-Microbial Therapy Assistant Professor Naza M. Ali. Lec 1

Principles of Anti-Microbial Therapy Assistant Professor Naza M. Ali. Lec 1 Principles of Anti-Microbial Therapy Assistant Professor Naza M. Ali Lec 1 28 Oct 2018 References Lippincott s IIIustrated Reviews / Pharmacology 6 th Edition Katzung and Trevor s Pharmacology / Examination

More information

COMMITTEE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR VETERINARY USE

COMMITTEE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR VETERINARY USE European Medicines Agency Veterinary Medicines and Inspections EMEA/CVMP/211249/2005-FINAL July 2005 COMMITTEE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR VETERINARY USE DIHYDROSTREPTOMYCIN (Extrapolation to all ruminants)

More information

Inhibiting Microbial Growth in vivo. CLS 212: Medical Microbiology Zeina Alkudmani

Inhibiting Microbial Growth in vivo. CLS 212: Medical Microbiology Zeina Alkudmani Inhibiting Microbial Growth in vivo CLS 212: Medical Microbiology Zeina Alkudmani Chemotherapy Definitions The use of any chemical (drug) to treat any disease or condition. Chemotherapeutic Agent Any drug

More information

Acute Laminitis in the UK The Redwings Study

Acute Laminitis in the UK The Redwings Study Acute Laminitis in the UK The Redwings Study Nicola Jarvis BVetMed Cert AVP(EM) MRCVS Redwings Horse Sanctuary Nine farms Over 1,300 resident horses, ponies, donkeys and mules Over 500 more in guardian

More information

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Rheumocam 1.5 mg/ml oral suspension for dogs 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One ml contains: Active

More information

Cell Wall Inhibitors. Assistant Professor Naza M. Ali. Lec 3 7 Nov 2017

Cell Wall Inhibitors. Assistant Professor Naza M. Ali. Lec 3 7 Nov 2017 Cell Wall Inhibitors Assistant Professor Naza M. Ali Lec 3 7 Nov 2017 Cell wall The cell wall is a rigid outer layer, it completely surrounds the cytoplasmic membrane, maintaining the shape of the cell

More information

Index. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

Index. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Acute interdigital necrobacillosis, 88 92. See also acute interdigital necrobacillosis; foot rot; Infectious pododermatitis (IP) a-2adrenergic

More information

Summary of Product Characteristics

Summary of Product Characteristics Summary of Product Characteristics 1 NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Selectan 300 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle and swine. 2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Each ml contains:

More information

La sepsi Il ruolo dell antibiotico terapia

La sepsi Il ruolo dell antibiotico terapia Congresso Nazionale AcEMC Fermo 11-12 Maggio 2017 La sepsi Il ruolo dell antibiotico terapia Michele Bartoletti Infectious Disease Unit - Sant Orsola Hospital, Bologna, Italy Disclosures: none Epidemiology

More information

Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of the World Equine Veterinary Association WEVA

Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of the World Equine Veterinary Association WEVA www.ivis.org Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of the World Equine Veterinary Association WEVA October 3-5, 2013 Budapest, Hungary Reprinted in IVIS with the Permission of the WEVA Organizers

More information

Introduction to Antimicrobial Therapy

Introduction to Antimicrobial Therapy Introduction to Antimicrobial Therapy Christine Kubin Classification of Antimicrobials Antimicrobials are drugs that destroy microbes, prevent their multiplication or growth, or prevent their pathogenic

More information

Choosing the Ideal Antibiotic Therapy and the Role of the Newer Fluoroquinolones in Respiratory Tract Infections

Choosing the Ideal Antibiotic Therapy and the Role of the Newer Fluoroquinolones in Respiratory Tract Infections ...CLINICIAN INTERVIEW... Choosing the Ideal Antibiotic Therapy and the Role of the Newer Fluoroquinolones in Respiratory Tract Infections An interview with Robert C. Owens, Jr., PharmD, Clinical Pharmacy

More information

ARCI Controlled Therapeutic Medication Schedule for Horses - Version 3.2 Revised December 9, 2016.

ARCI Controlled Therapeutic Medication Schedule for Horses - Version 3.2 Revised December 9, 2016. ARCI Schedule for Horses - Version 3.2 Revised December 9, 2016. Acepromazine 10 nanograms per milliliter as 2-(1- hydroxyethyl) promazine sulfoxide (HEPS) in urine Single intravenous dose of acepromazine

More information

Curricular Components for Infectious Diseases EPA

Curricular Components for Infectious Diseases EPA Curricular Components for Infectious Diseases EPA 1. EPA Title Promoting antimicrobial stewardship based on microbiological principles 2. Description of the A key role for subspecialists is to utilize

More information

ARCI Controlled Therapeutic Medication Schedule for Horses - Version 4.1 Revised January, 2019

ARCI Controlled Therapeutic Medication Schedule for Horses - Version 4.1 Revised January, 2019 ARCI Schedule for Horses - Version 4.1 Revised January, 2019 Acepromazine 10 nanograms per milliliter as 2-(1- hydroxyethyl) promazine sulfoxide (HEPS) in urine Single intravenous dose of acepromazine

More information

Specific and Simple HPLC Assay of Ecofriendly Meloxicam in Pharmaceutical Formulations K.T. Mahmood 1, B.Khan 2, M. Ashraf 3 and I. U.

Specific and Simple HPLC Assay of Ecofriendly Meloxicam in Pharmaceutical Formulations K.T. Mahmood 1, B.Khan 2, M. Ashraf 3 and I. U. Specific and Simple HPLC Assay of Ecofriendly Meloxicam in Pharmaceutical Formulations K.T. Mahmood 1, B.Khan 2, M. Ashraf 3 and I. U.Haq 4 1 DTL,Health Department Punjab, Lahore, 2 Lahore College for

More information

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Inflacam 1.5 mg/ml oral suspension for dogs 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One ml contains: Active

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT NEFOTEK 100 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle, horses and pigs [AT, CZ, IE, PL, SK, UK, DE, FR, ES, HU, IT, SI] COXOFEN

More information

Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. Nora Line

Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. Nora Line Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Meloxicam usage in cats, and its potential adverse effects on the renal function Nora Line Tutor: György

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. NUFLOR 300 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle and sheep

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. NUFLOR 300 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle and sheep SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT NUFLOR 300 mg/ml solution for injection for cattle and sheep 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Each ml contains:

More information

1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT

1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Summary of Prodcuct Characteristics 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Enrox Max 100 mg/ml Solution for Injection for Cattle and Pigs Enroxal Max 100 mg/ml Solution for Injection for Cattle and

More information

Effect of CYP2C9*3 mutant variants on meloxicam pharmacokinetics in a healthy Chinese population

Effect of CYP2C9*3 mutant variants on meloxicam pharmacokinetics in a healthy Chinese population Effect of CYP2C9*3 mutant variants on meloxicam pharmacokinetics in a healthy Chinese population M. Zhang, Y. Yang, G. Zhao, X. Di, L. Xu, N. Jiang, J. Xu and X. Xu Department of Pharmacology, the Military

More information

Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists. Membership Examination. Medicine of Australasian Wildlife Species Paper 1

Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists. Membership Examination. Medicine of Australasian Wildlife Species Paper 1 Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists Membership Examination June 2016 Medicine of Australasian Wildlife Species Paper 1 Perusal time: Fifteen (15) minutes Time allowed: Two (2) hours

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Enrocare 50 mg/ml Solution for Injection for Cattle, Pigs, Dogs and Cats (UK, IE, FR) Floxadil 50 mg/ml Solution for Injection

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. KELAPRIL 2.5 mg, film coated tablets for dogs and cats [FR] KELAPRIL 2,5 film coated tablets for dogs and cats

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. KELAPRIL 2.5 mg, film coated tablets for dogs and cats [FR] KELAPRIL 2,5 film coated tablets for dogs and cats SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT KELAPRIL 2.5 mg, film coated tablets for dogs and cats [FR] KELAPRIL 2,5 film coated tablets for dogs and cats 2. QUALITATIVE

More information

The Perils of Mixing Warfarin & Antibiotics: A Potentially Deadly Combination

The Perils of Mixing Warfarin & Antibiotics: A Potentially Deadly Combination The Perils of Mixing Warfarin & Antibiotics: A Potentially Deadly Combination Lynn McNicoll, MD, FRCPC, AGSF Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown

More information

Summary of Product Characteristics

Summary of Product Characteristics Summary of Product Characteristics 1 NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Rifen 100 mg/ml solution for injection for horses, cattle and swine. 2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION 1 ml contains:

More information

VOL. XXIII NO. II THE JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS 559. ANTIBIOTIC 6640.* Ill

VOL. XXIII NO. II THE JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS 559. ANTIBIOTIC 6640.* Ill VOL. XXIII NO. II THE JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS 559 ANTIBIOTIC 6640.* Ill BIOLOGICAL STUDIES WITH ANTIBIOTIC 6640, A NEW BROAD-SPECTRUM AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTIC J. Allan Waitz, Eugene L. Moss, Jr., Edwin

More information

USA Product Label CERENIA INJECTABLE SOLUTION. Pfizer Animal Health. (maropitant citrate) Antiemetic. For subcutaneous injection in dogs and cats

USA Product Label CERENIA INJECTABLE SOLUTION. Pfizer Animal Health. (maropitant citrate) Antiemetic. For subcutaneous injection in dogs and cats PFIZER INC. PFIZER ANIMAL HEALTH USA Product Label http://www.vetdepot.com 235 E. 42ND ST., NEW YORK, NY, 10017 Telephone: 269-833-4000 Customer Service: 800-733-5500 and 800-793-0596 Veterinary Medical

More information

Comparative studies on pulse and continuous oral norfloxacin treatment in broilers and turkeys. Géza Sárközy

Comparative studies on pulse and continuous oral norfloxacin treatment in broilers and turkeys. Géza Sárközy Comparative studies on pulse and continuous oral norfloxacin treatment in broilers and turkeys Géza Sárközy Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Veterinary Science Szent István University

More information

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS Metacam, Solution for injection 1 1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT Metacam 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Each ml of Metacam solution

More information

DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Otic Suspension: Each OTIPRIO vial contains 1 ml of 6% (60 mg/ml) ciprofloxacin otic suspension. (3)

DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Otic Suspension: Each OTIPRIO vial contains 1 ml of 6% (60 mg/ml) ciprofloxacin otic suspension. (3) HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION These highlights do not include all the information needed to use OTIPRIO safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for OTIPRIO. OTIPRIO (ciprofloxacin

More information

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS

COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS The European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products Veterinary Medicines Evaluation Unit EMEA/MRL/611/99-FINAL-corrigendum 1 June 1999 COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS XYLAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE

More information

Author - Dr. Josie Traub-Dargatz

Author - Dr. Josie Traub-Dargatz Author - Dr. Josie Traub-Dargatz Dr. Josie Traub-Dargatz is a professor of equine medicine at Colorado State University (CSU) College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. She began her veterinary

More information