Multicity Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Producing the Carbapenemase OXA-40
|
|
- Martina Shelton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY, Sept. 2006, p Vol. 50, No /06/$ doi: /aac Copyright 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Multicity Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Producing the Carbapenemase OXA-40 Karen Lolans, 1 Thomas W. Rice, 1 L. Silvia Munoz-Price, 2 and John P. Quinn 1,3 * John Stroger Hospital, Chicago, Illinois 1 ; Munster Community Hospital, Munster, Indiana, 2 and Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 3 Received 27 January 2006/Returned for modification 17 April 2006/Accepted 18 June 2006 During 2005 we detected a multicity outbreak of infections or colonization due to high-level imipenemresistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MIC, 64 g/ml). One hundred isolates from diverse sources were obtained from seven acute-care hospitals and two extended-care facilities; 97% of the isolates belonged to one clone. Susceptibility testing of the first 42 isolates (January to April 2005) revealed broad resistance profiles. Half of the isolates were susceptible to ceftazidime, with many isolates susceptible only to colistin. The level of AmpC -lactamase expression was stronger in isolates resistant to ceftazidime. PCR and subsequent nucleotide sequencing analysis identified bla OXA-40. The presence of an OXA-40 -lactamase in these isolates correlated with the carbapenem resistance. By Southern blot analysis, a bla OXA-40 -specific probe revealed that the gene was both plasmid and chromosomally located. This is the first time in the United States that such carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii has been attributable to a carbapenemase. Acinetobacter baumannii is recognized as an increasingly important opportunistic gram-negative pathogen frequently associated with nosocomial outbreaks worldwide (33). Acinetobacter infections may pose treatment difficulties, as nosocomial isolates are typically resistant to a wide variety of antimicrobials. This problem is compounded by the increasing rates of resistance to broad-spectrum antibiotics detected in Acinetobacter (11, 19). The carbapenems imipenem and meropenem are among the drugs of choice for the treatment of these multidrug-resistant A. baumannii infections (25). Carbapenem-resistant strains of A. baumannii have been reported worldwide (3, 19, 34). Mechanistically, resistance to these potent -lactams may be due to impaired permeability resulting from altered outer membrane proteins or to alterations in the penicillin binding proteins (2, 9, 32). However, the carbapenem-hydrolyzing -lactamases (carbapenemases), a group that includes the metallo- -lactamases (MBLs) and some oxacillinases, are recognized as important contributors to carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii. Although they are less efficient than the MBLs, subgroups of the molecular Ambler class D oxacillinases have the capacity to inactivate carbapenems (3, 34). The first subgroup of oxacillinases, composed of OXA-23, -27, and -49 (GenBank accession number AY288523), share 99% amino acid identity but are only weakly related ( 60% identity) to a second subgroup (OXA-24, -25, -26, and -40) (3). Also sharing 60% amino acid identity with these two groups are enzymes in a third subgroup, the OXA-51-like enzymes, which are considered to be naturally occurring -lactamases among A. baumannii isolates (4, 14). The fourth subgroup has only a singular representative, OXA-58, and is highly divergent from all other oxacillinases (3). An investigation into the mechanism of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii from a multicity outbreak identified the * Corresponding author. Mailing address: John Stroger Hospital, 1900 W. Polk, Rm. 1258, Chicago, IL Phone: (312) Fax: (312) ESBLman@yahoo.com. production of an OXA-40 -lactamase. This is the first report of these OXA-type carbapenemases in the United States. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial isolates. Between January 2005 and November 2005, 100 imipenemresistant A. baumannii (IRAB) isolates (94 individual patient isolates and 6 environmental isolates) were collected from multiple facilities in Chicago and northwest Indiana. Isolates of an imipenem-susceptible A. baumannii clone, ACB1, were included as control strains in isoelectric focusing (IEF), conjugation, and transformation experiments. This endemic clone had been present for at least 6 years in the primary participating institution (center A). Bacterial identification and susceptibility testing. Clinical isolates were identified and initial antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by the automated system used at each participating institution (Microscan [Dade Behring Inc., Deerfield, IL] and Vitek [biomerieux Vitek, Inc., Hazelwood, MO]). In vitro susceptibilities were determined for the first 42 IRAB isolates by standard broth microdilution methodology following CLSI (formerly NCCLS) guidelines (6). Testing of susceptibility to tigecycline was performed with medium that was no greater than 12 h old (6). Susceptibilities were interpreted according to CLSI guidelines (6), when available. For colistin, the resistance breakpoint was defined as an MIC 4 g/ml (10). No tigecycline interpretive criteria currently exist for A. baumannii; hence, the Food and Drug Administration-approved breakpoints for members of the family Enterobacteriaceae of 2, 4, and 8 g/ml (designating tigecycline susceptible, intermediate, and resistant, respectively) (Michael Dowzicky [Wyeth Research], personal communication) were applied as provisional MIC breakpoints. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Chromosomal DNA was prepared from all isolates by the method of Matushek et al. (23). A contour-clamped homogeneous electric field mapper system (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Richmond, CA) was used to analyze SmaI-digested DNA at a voltage of 6 V/cm at 14 C for 21 h, with pulse times linearly ramped from 1 to 20s. Strain relatedness was determined according to the criteria of Tenover et al. (31). Isoelectric focusing. Bacterial lysates were prepared as described previously (26). Briefly, overnight cultures were grown in 10 ml Trypticase soy broth (containing imipenem [10 g/ml] for imipenem-resistant isolates), sonicated, and resuspended in 1 ml 0.1 M phosphate buffer, ph 7.0. Identification of -lactamase bands was facilitated by overlaying the gel with nitrocefin (Becton Dickinson, Sparks, MD). The gels were overlaid with 0.3 mm cloxacillin in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, ph 7.0, prior to nitrocefin development to identify AmpC-type -lactamases (28). PCR amplification of -lactamase genes. The isolates were investigated for the presence of bla OXA genes by using primers specific for the OXA-23-, OXA- 40-, and OXA-58-type oxacillinases, as described by Heritier et al. (15), and using a genomic DNA template. To verify the presence of bla TEM, primers JP2 (5 -T 2941
2 2942 LOLANS ET AL. ANTIMICROB. AGENTS CHEMOTHER. TGAAGACGAAAGGGCCTCGTG-3 ) (35) and bla8 (5 -TATGAGTAAACT TGGTCTGACAG-3 ) (30) (designed at nucleotides 1091 to 1068) were used to amplify a 1,085-bp fragment. Cloning and sequencing of bla OXA gene. The amplification products from the OXA-40 PCR were purified with a QIAquick PCR purification kit (QIAGEN, Valencia, CA), cloned into plasmid pcr-xl-topo, and transformed into chemically competent Escherichia coli TOP10 cells by heat shock, as described in detail by the manufacturer of the TOPO XL PCR cloning kit (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). Transformants were screened on kanamycin (50 g/ml)-containing plates. Recombinant plasmid DNA was isolated with a Qiafilter Midi plasmid preparation kit (QIAGEN); and both strands of the insert were sequenced by ACGT, Inc. (Wheeling, IL), by using primers M13R and M13F( 20) primers. Hybridization studies. To determine the location of the -lactamase gene, chromosomal and plasmid DNA were evaluated in two representative isolates of the ACB20 pulsotype. A chromosomal location was investigated by using the endonuclease I-CeuI (New England Biolabs, Beverly, MA), which digests a 26-bp sequence in rrn genes for the 23S large-subunit rrna (18). Whole-cell DNA was digested with this enzyme and the resulting fragments were separated by PFGE with pulse times of 5 to 60 s. The sizes of the fragments generated with I-CeuI were determined by comparison with those of a bacteriophage lambda DNA molecular weight marker (Cambrex Bio Science, Rockland, ME). Southern transfer was performed with a positively charged nylon membrane (Roche, Indianapolis, IN), as described previously (26), and hybridized to probes specific for bla OXA-40 or 16S rrna genes, under conditions of high stringency. The probes consisted of the entire bla OXA-40 (generated with primers OXA-40A and OXA-40B [13] and 16S rrna genes (generated with universal primers A and B [21]) amplified by PCR and labeled with digoxigenin (Roche). Extraction of plasmid DNA was performed by using Qiafilter Midi kit (QIAGEN), and similar hybridization experiments for bla OXA-40 by using uncut plasmid DNA were performed. Imipenem-susceptible ACB1-type isolates were included as controls. Transfer of resistance. Transfer of resistance by liquid and solid mating assays was attempted by using rifampin-resistant E. coli C600 or ACB1-type A. baumannii. Transconjugant screening used plates containing rifampin (50 g/ml) plus ticarcillin (50 g/ml) for E. coli C600 or ceftazidime (100 g/ml) plus imipenem (10 g/ml) for ACB1-type A. baumannii. A plasmid extract of an ACB20-type A. baumannii isolate was also used to transform chemically competent cells prepared from E. coli DH5 and an ACB1-type A. baumannii (29), with selection with imipenem (1 g/ml) for E. coli and imipenem (10 g/ml) for A. baumannii. RESULTS Beginning in January 2005, a large acute-care hospital (center A) in Chicago, IL, detected as part of routine hospital surveillance an increasing incidence of IRAB compared with that in the previous months. The isolates were characterized by a multiresistance profile that included, in addition to resistance to imipenem, resistance to aminoglycosides (amikacin, tobramycin, and gentamicin), fluoroquinolones, and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole. These IRAB isolates also represented the first significant occurrence of high-level imipenem resistance (MIC 64 g/ml) identified since surveillance had begun at that facility in Simultaneously, surrounding institutions were independently observing an increase in the occurrence of IRAB. As part of a collaborative effort, resistant strains were referred from six additional acute-care hospitals and two extended-care facilities in the surrounding Chicago area and from northwest Indiana applying surveillance criteria of any Acinetobacter baumannii or A. haemolyticus isolate resistant to imipenem, according to the clinical laboratory report. These referrals did not represent a comprehensive submission of all IRAB isolates from the collaborating facilities. From among the eight institutions, 100 isolates (94 individual patient isolates and 6 environmental isolates) with verified imipenem resistance were collectively recovered between January 2005 and November The first 36 clinical IRAB isolates were obtained from a TABLE 1. Distribution of antibiotic susceptibilities for 42 imipenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates Antibiotic MIC ( g/ml) a No (%) resistant Imipenem (100) Meropenem (100) Ceftazidime (50) Colistin (0) Tetracycline (57) Tigecycline (9.5) Amp/sulb b (98) a Boldface type indicates isolates resistant to individual antibiotics according to CLSI criteria, when available. The tigecycline resistance breakpoint was defined as an MIC 8 g/ml. b Amp/sulb, ampicillin-sulbactam, tested at a penicillin/inhibitor ratio of 2:1. variety of sources, including sputum (n 10 isolates), wounds (n 8 isolates), catheter tips (n 5 isolates), blood (n 4 isolates), urine (n 3 isolates), fluid (n 2 isolates), bone (n 1 isolate), and other sources (3 isolates). In addition, two of the eight centers performed environmental sampling. Six isolates were recovered from various sites, including beds, room equipment (intravenous pump, settle plate, electrocardiograph cables), and a hemodialysis catheter; and these all displayed antibiograms identical to those of the associated patient isolates. These 42 IRAB isolates all displayed unusually high-level carbapenem resistance (imipenem and meropenem MICs, 64 to 128 g/ml) (Table 1). Half of the isolates were ceftazidime susceptible or intermediate, with MICs of 8 to 16 g/ml, while the other half had MICs of 128 g/ml. Tetracycline as well as tigecycline susceptibilities were variable, with the majority of isolates exhibiting nonsusceptibility to tigecycline (MIC 4 g/ml). Isolates were resistant to the combination of ampicillin/sulbactam, while they were uniformly susceptible only to colistin. PFGE analysis of all 100 isolates identified only two different A. baumannii clones, designated herein as ACB17 and ACB20. The ACB20 clonal type clearly predominated, accounting for 97% of the isolates. The isolates from the environmental samples were of the same clonal type, ACB20, as the related patient isolate from that corresponding room. These results recognized a widespread geographic distribution of this predominant clonal type. In the course of hospital surveillance at center A, all multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolates, independent of their imipenem susceptibilities, are subjected to PFGE analysis. As a result, a number of imipenem-susceptible ACB17 isolates have been recovered; however, no imipenemsusceptible ACB20 isolates have been found. Characterization of -lactamases by isoelectric focusing was performed with representatives of the ACB17 clone (both imipenem resistant and susceptible) and the ACB20 clone, as well as isolates of the endemic, imipenem-susceptible clone, ACB1. As outlined in Table 2, IEF revealed that all isolates tested produced a pi 5.4 -lactamase. This pi is suggestive of a TEMtype enzyme, the identity of which was supported by a positive TEM PCR result. Likewise, all isolates produced a pi 9.1 cloxacillin-inhibitable band, consistent with the chromosomal AmpC of A. baumannii (5). The AmpC band intensity was stronger in all isolates displaying ceftazidime resistance than in
3 VOL. 50, 2006 OXA-40 OUTBREAK IN A. BAUMANNII 2943 TABLE 2. IEF and PCR results for representatives of the two A. baumannii clones, ACB17 and ACB20, compared to those for the imipenem-susceptible clone, ACB1 Antibiogram profile a PFGE type -Lactamases present by IEF pi 9.1 b pi 8.8 pi 5.4 c OXA-40 PCR result Caz s Imi s ACB1 No Yes ND d Caz r Imi s ACB1 No Yes Caz r Imi s ACB17 No Yes Caz r Imi r ACB17 Yes Yes Caz s Imi r ACB20 Yes Yes Caz r Imi r ACB20 Yes Yes a Caz, ceftazidime; Imi, imipenem. b pi 9.1, consistent with AmpC by cloxacillin inhibition;, weaker;, stronger band intensity. c pi 5.4, consistent with a TEM-type enzyme. d ND, not determined. the ceftazidime-susceptible isolates. All IRAB isolates produced an additional -lactamase with a pi of 8.8, indicating that the production of this -lactamase might be responsible for the carbapenem resistance. PCR was performed with primers for the bla OXA-23 -, bla OXA-40 -, and bla OXA-58 -related oxacillinases. A ca. 830-bp fragment was amplified from imipenem-resistant isolates of both the ACB17 and ACB20 clones with primers for bla OXA-40 - like genes (Table 2). No PCR amplification was detected for the imipenem-susceptible isolates of clones ACB1 and ACB17, consistent with the absence of the pi 8.8 -lactamase on IEF. As the ACB20 clone showed a clear predominance in this outbreak, its amplification product was cloned into pcr-xl- TOPO, and both strands of the insert were sequenced. The sequences obtained were 100% homologous from nucleotides 20 to 802 of the sequence with GenBank accession no. AF (13), consistent with bla OXA-40. Both plasmid and chromosomal locations were investigated for the bla OXA-40 gene in the ACB20 clone. The entire ca. 830-bp OXA-40 PCR amplicon was labeled with digoxigenin and used as the probe in hybridization experiments. Total DNAs of two representative ACB20-type isolates and an ACB1-type A. baumannii isolate were digested with the I-CeuI endonuclease and hybridized successively with 16S rrna and OXA-40 probes. After digestion with the enzyme, the DNA from these ACB20 A. baumannii isolates resolved nine fragments, six of which subsequently hybridized with the 16S rrna-specific probe (Fig. 1A and B), identifying these as chromosomal fragments. The bla OXA-40 -specific probe cohybridized with two of those six bands, an 450-kb fragment and an 500-kb fragment (Fig. 1C), indicating two chromosomal locations for bla OXA-40 in ACB20-type isolates. Plasmid DNA was extracted from the same ACB1- and Downloaded from on September 20, 2018 by guest FIG. 1. Localization of bla OXA-40 gene in I-CeuI-generated chromosome fragments of ACB20 pulsotype A. baumannii separated by PFGE. (A) Electrophoretic pattern after I-CeuI digestion; (B) hybridization with a probe specific for rrna genes; (C) hybridization with a probe specific for bla OXA-40 gene. Lanes: 1, imipenem-susceptible ACB1 type; 2 and 3, imipenem-resistant ACB20 types. Marker sizes are indicated to the left.
4 2944 LOLANS ET AL. ANTIMICROB. AGENTS CHEMOTHER. FIG. 2. Plasmid localization of the bla OXA-40 gene in ACB20-type A. baumannii. (A) Undigested plasmid profiles; (B) hybridization with a probe specific for the bla OXA-40 gene. Lanes: 1, imipenem-susceptible ACB1 type A. baumannii; 2 and 3, imipenem-resistant ACB20-type A. baumannii; M, molecular marker. ACB20-type isolates used in the I-CeuI experiments. While electrophoretic separation of uncut plasmid DNA detected only a single band in the ACB1 isolate, multiple bands were present in the ACB20 isolates. Under conditions of high stringency, the bla OXA-40 -specific probe gave a positive signal with plasmid bands (Fig. 2B). Collectively, the results indicate both chromosomal and plasmid locations for bla OXA-40 in these ACB20-type A. baumannii isolates. Attempts to transfer resistance by conjugation or transformation of plasmid DNA into either an A. baumannii or an E. coli recipient were unsuccessful. DISCUSSION Outbreaks of OXA-type carbapenemases have occurred globally but arise only sporadically. Brazil, French Polynesia, Spain, Southern Europe, the Balkans, Turkey, Korea, and Argentina have reported outbreaks of various OXA-type carbapenemases (2, 7, 8, 12, 16, 20, 22, 24). Prior to this study, reports of outbreaks due to OXA-40 enzymes had been limited to the Iberian Peninsula (8, 20), and no carbapenemases have previously been described in A. baumannii isolates from North America. The atypical phenotype of ceftazidime susceptibility yet imipenem resistance identified in half of the isolates studied hinted to an unusual type of resistance mechanism. The work of Urban and colleagues (32) had previously noted that multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter strains exhibited ceftazidime resistance before a progression to becoming carbapenem resistant. In their case, the chromosomal AmpC cephalosporinase, facilitated by the selective pressure of -lactam use, conferred resistance to cephalosporins. This AmpC, in combination with porin protein mutations, can also confer low-level resistance to the carbapenems (32). In this outbreak, highlevel carbapenem resistance was conferred irrespective of the ceftazidime susceptibility, implicating an alternative scenario. Production of these carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinases constitutes an additional mechanistic pathway that reduces the utility of the carbapenems. A surveillance study of Acinetobacter strains isolated from hospitalized patients in the United States between 1998 and 2001 found that 92.5% of the isolates were susceptible to imipenem, with the carbapenem class remaining the most active agents overall against Acinetobacter (17). With this regional carbapenem resistance due to the clonal spread of OXA carbapenemaseproducing A. baumannii, the clinical and epidemiological risk factors associated with the emergence of this outbreak are the subject of an active investigation. Presently, treatment options for infections caused by members of the genus Acinetobacter are limited. Colistin has become one of the most commonly used antibiotics for the treatment of imipenem-resistant gram-negative rods. All of our isolates proved to be susceptible to this agent; however, the risk for nephrotoxicity is of clinical concern. The recently approved antibiotic tigecycline has been demonstrated to have activity against A. baumannii. A Spanish surveillance study identified tigecycline as the most active agent after polymyxin B (1), while others have reported that it has good in vitro activity against A. baumannii, even against isolates resistant to imipenem (27). However, the majority of these isolates were defined as tigecycline nonsusceptible (on the basis of the provisional breakpoint), thereby placing in question the utility of this agent for these cases. Our evidence for the chromosomal location for bla OXA-40 agreed with the single report that had previously investigated its location (13), and data from the molecular typing of all A. baumannii isolates at center A showing a lack of detection of any imipenem-susceptible ACB20-type Acinetobacter strain is also consistent with this. Chromosomal mediation has similarly been demonstrated for the other members of the subgroup, OXA-24, -25, and -26 (3). The simultaneous finding of plasmid bands hybridizing with the bla OXA-40 -specific probe was unexpected, although genes for OXAs from other subgroups, OXA-23 and OXA-58, are reported to be plasmid mediated (3). Further genetic analysis is needed to definitively identify each individual gene hybridizing with the bla OXA-40 -specific probe. Reports of these carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinases are still relatively rare, as detection may be limited by the overall weak hydrolytic activity of this family of enzymes (13). However, there is a growing global recognition that OXA -lactamases contribute to carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank Susan Monahan, Robert Hayes, Irene Dusich, Jim Clark, Sunita Mohapatra, David Hines, Vato Bochorishvili, Richard Yu,
5 VOL. 50, 2006 OXA-40 OUTBREAK IN A. BAUMANNII 2945 Daniel Smith, and Dan Johnson for providing isolates as part of our collaborative effort. This work was funded in part by Merck Research Laboratories, Whitehouse Station, NJ, and by the Chicago Infectious Disease Research Institute, Chicago, IL. REFERENCES 1. Betriu, C., I. Rodriguez-Avial, B. A. Sanchez, M. Gomez, J. Alvarez, J. J. Picazo, and the Spanish Group of Tigecycline In vitro activities of tigecycline (GAR-936) against recently isolated clinical bacteria in Spain. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: Bou, G., G. Cervero, M. A. Dominguez, C. Quereda, and J. Martinez- Beltran Characterization of a nosocomial outbreak caused by a multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain with a carbapenem-hydrolyzing enzyme: high-level carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii is not due solely to the presence of beta-lactamases. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38: Brown, S., and S. Amyes OXA (beta)-lactamases in Acinetobacter: the story so far. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 57: Brown, S., H. K. Young, and S. G. Amyes Characterization of OXA-51, a novel class D carbapenemase found in genetically unrelated clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii from Argentina. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 11: Bush, K., G. A. Jacoby, and A. A. Medeiros A functional classification scheme for beta-lactamases and its correlation with molecular structure. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Approved standard. CLSI document M100-S15. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, Pa. 7. Dalla-Costa, L. M., J. M. Coelho, H. A. Souza, M. E. Castro, C. J. Stier, K. L. Bragagnolo, A. Rea-Neto, S. R. Penteado-Filho, D. M. Livermore, and N. Woodford Outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii producing the OXA-23 enzyme in Curitiba, Brazil. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: Da Silva, G. J., S. Quinteira, E. Bertolo, J. C. Sousa, L. Gallego, A. Duarte, L. Peixe, and the Portugese Resistance Study Group Long-term dissemination of an OXA-40 carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii clone in the Iberian Peninsula. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 54: Fernandez-Cuenca, F., L. Martinez-Martinez, M. C. Conejo, J. A. Ayala, E. J. Perea, and A. Pascual Relationship between beta-lactamase production, outer membrane protein and penicillin-binding protein profiles on the activity of carbapenems against clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 51: Gales, A. C., A. O. Reis, and R. N. Jones Contemporary assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods for polymyxin B and colistin: review of available interpretative criteria and quality control guidelines. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39: Gaynes R., J. R. Edwards, and the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System Overview of nosocomial infections caused by gramnegative bacilli. Clin. Infect. Dis. 41: Heritier, C., A. Dubouix, L. Poirel, N. Marty, and P. Nordmann A nosocomial outbreak of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates expressing the carbapenem-hydrolysing oxacillinase OXA-58. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 55: Heritier, C., L. Poirel, D. Aubert, and P. Nordmann Genetic and functional analysis of the chromosome-encoded carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinase OXA-40 of Acinetobacter baumannii. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47: Heritier, C., L. Poirel, P. E. Fournier, J. M. Claverie, D. Raoult, and P. Nordmann Characterization of the naturally occurring oxacillinase of Acinetobacter baumannii. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: Heritier, C., L. Poirel, T. Lambert, and P. Nordmann Contribution of acquired carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinases to carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: Jeon, B. C., S. H. Jeong, I. K. Bae, S. B. Kwon, K. Lee, D. Young, J. H. Lee, J. S. Song, and S. H. Lee Investigation of a nosocomial outbreak of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii producing the OXA-23 betalactamase in Korea. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: Karlowsky, J. A., D. C. Draghi, M. E. Jones, C. Thornsberry, I. R. Friedland, and D. F. Sahm Surveillance for antimicrobial susceptibility among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii from hospitalized patients in the United States, 1998 to Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47: Liu, S. L., A. Hessel, and K. E. Sanderson Genomic mapping with I-Ceu I, an intron-encoded endonuclease specific for genes for ribosomal RNA, in Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, and other bacteria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: Livermore, D. M The threat from the pink corner. Ann. Med. 35: Lopez-Otsoa, F., L. Gallego, K. J. Towner, L. Tysall, N. Woodford, and D. M. Livermore Endemic carbapenem resistance associated with OXA-40 carbapenemase among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospital in northern Spain. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40: Mammeri, H., L. Poirel, N. Mangeney, and P. Nordmann Chromosomal integration of a cephalosporinase gene from Acinetobacter baumannii into Oligella urethralis as a source of acquired resistance to beta-lactams. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47: Marque, S., L. Poirel, C. Heritier, S. Brisse, M. D. Blasco, R. Filip, G. Coman, T. Naas, and P. Nordmann Regional occurrence of plasmidmediated carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinase OXA-58 in Acinetobacter spp. in Europe. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: Matushek, M. G., M. J. M. Bonten, and M. K. Hayden Rapid preparation of bacterial DNA for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 34: Naas, T., M. Levy, C. Hirschauer, H. Marchandin, and P. Nordmann Outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii producing the carbapenemase OXA-23 in a tertiary care hospital of Papeete, French Polynesia. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: Navon-Venezia, S., R. Ben-Ami, and Y. Carmeli Update on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii infections in the healthcare setting. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 18: Odeh, R., S. Kelkar, A. M. Hujer, R. A. Bonomo, P. C. Schreckenberger, and J. P. Quinn Broad resistance due to plasmid-mediated AmpC betalactamases in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli. Clin. Infect. Dis. 35: Pachon-Ibanez, M. E., M. E. Jimenez-Mejias, C. Pichardo, A. C. Llanos, and J. Pachon Activity of tigecycline (GAR-936) against Acinetobacter baumannii strains, including those resistant to imipenem. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48: Sanders C. C., W. E. Sanders, Jr., and E. S. Moland Characterization of -lactamases in situ on polyacrylamide gels. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 30: Sambrook J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis Plasmid vectors. In: Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd ed., p Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. 30. Sutcliffe, J. G Nucleotide sequence of the ampicillin resistance gene of Escherichia coli plasmid pbr322. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75: Tenover, F. C., R. D. Arbeit, R. V. Goering, P. A. Mickelsen, B. E. Murray, D. H. Persing, and B. Swaminathan Interpreting chromosomal DNA restriction patterns produced by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis: criteria for bacterial strain typing. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33: Urban, C., S. Segal-Maurer, and J. J. Rahal Considerations in control and treatment of nosocomial infections due to multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Clin. Infect. Dis. 36: Villegas, M. V., and A. I. Hartstein Acinetobacter outbreaks, Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 24: Walsh, T. R., M. A. Toleman, L. Poirel, and P. Nordmann Metallobeta-lactamases: the quiet before the storm? Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 18: Wang, H., S. Kelkar, W. Wu, M. Chen, and J. P. Quinn Clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases: prevalence of CTX-M-3 at a hospital in China. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47:
ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing microorganisms; state of the art. Laurent POIREL
ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing microorganisms; state of the art Laurent POIREL Medical and Molecular Microbiology Unit Dept of Medicine University of Fribourg Switzerland INSERM U914 «Emerging Resistance
More informationESBL Producers An Increasing Problem: An Overview Of An Underrated Threat
ESBL Producers An Increasing Problem: An Overview Of An Underrated Threat Hicham Ezzat Professor of Microbiology and Immunology Cairo University Introduction 1 Since the 1980s there have been dramatic
More informationMechanism of antibiotic resistance
Mechanism of antibiotic resistance Dr.Siriwoot Sookkhee Ph.D (Biopharmaceutics) Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University Antibiotic resistance Cross-resistance : resistance
More informationRESEARCH NOTE. Molecular epidemiology of carbapenemresistant Acinetobacter baumannii in New Caledonia
Research tes 977 routine clinical testing. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002; 40: 2755 2759. 20. Galani I, Rekatsina PD, Hatzaki D et al. Evaluation of different laboratory tests for the detection of metallob-lactamase
More informationPrevalence of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its antibiogram in a tertiary care centre
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 9 (2015) pp. 952-956 http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article Prevalence of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase
More informationActivity of a novel aminoglycoside, ACHN-490, against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from New York City
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Advance Access published July 31, 2010 J Antimicrob Chemother doi:10.1093/jac/dkq278 Activity of a novel aminoglycoside, ACHN-490, against clinical isolates of Escherichia
More informationMICRONAUT MICRONAUT-S Detection of Resistance Mechanisms. Innovation with Integrity BMD MIC
MICRONAUT Detection of Resistance Mechanisms Innovation with Integrity BMD MIC Automated and Customized Susceptibility Testing For detection of resistance mechanisms and specific resistances of clinical
More informationAcinetobacter Resistance in Turkish Tertiary Care Hospitals. Zeliha KOCAK TUFAN, MD, Assoc. Prof.
Acinetobacter Resistance in Turkish Tertiary Care Hospitals Zeliha KOCAK TUFAN, MD, Assoc. Prof. Acinetobacter Problem Countries that have reported hospital outbreaks of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter
More informationCo-transfer of bla NDM-5 and mcr-1 by an IncX3 X4 hybrid plasmid in Escherichia coli 4
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION ARTICLE NUMBER: 16176 DOI: 10.1038/NMICROBIOL.2016.176 Co-transfer of bla NDM-5 and mcr-1 by an IncX3 X4 hybrid plasmid in Escherichia coli 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
More informationConsequences of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria. Antimicrobial Resistance. Molecular Genetics of Antimicrobial Resistance. Topics to be Covered
Antimicrobial Resistance Consequences of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria Change in the approach to the administration of empiric antimicrobial therapy Increased number of hospitalizations Increased length
More informationMID 23. Antimicrobial Resistance. Consequences of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria. Molecular Genetics of Antimicrobial Resistance
Antimicrobial Resistance Molecular Genetics of Antimicrobial Resistance Micro evolutionary change - point mutations Beta-lactamase mutation extends spectrum of the enzyme rpob gene (RNA polymerase) mutation
More informationAntimicrobial Resistance
Antimicrobial Resistance Consequences of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria Change in the approach to the administration of empiric antimicrobial therapy Increased number of hospitalizations Increased length
More informationAntimicrobial Resistance Acquisition of Foreign DNA
Antimicrobial Resistance Acquisition of Foreign DNA Levy, Scientific American Horizontal gene transfer is common, even between Gram positive and negative bacteria Plasmid - transfer of single or multiple
More informationComparative Assessment of b-lactamases Produced by Multidrug Resistant Bacteria
Comparative Assessment of b-lactamases Produced by Multidrug Resistant Bacteria Juhee Ahn Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering Kangwon National University October 23, 27 Antibiotic Development
More informationMulti-drug resistant Acinetobacter (MDRA) Surveillance and Control. Alison Holmes
Multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter (MDRA) Surveillance and Control Alison Holmes The organism and it s epidemiology Surveillance Control What is it? What is it? What is it? What is it? Acinetobacter :
More informationMolecular characterization of carbapenemase genes in Acinetobacter baumannii in China
Molecular characterization of carbapenemase genes in Acinetobacter baumannii in China F. Fang 1 *, S. Wang 2 *, Y.X. Dang 3, X. Wang 3 and G.Q. Yu 3 1 The CT Room, Nanyang City Center Hospital, Nanyang,
More informationDR. MICHAEL A. BORG DIRECTOR OF INFECTION PREVENTION & CONTROL MATER DEI HOSPITAL - MALTA
DR. MICHAEL A. BORG DIRECTOR OF INFECTION PREVENTION & CONTROL MATER DEI HOSPITAL - MALTA The good old days The dread (of) infections that used to rage through the whole communities is muted Their retreat
More informationDefining Extended Spectrum b-lactamases: Implications of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration- Based Screening Versus Clavulanate Confirmation Testing
Infect Dis Ther (2015) 4:513 518 DOI 10.1007/s40121-015-0094-6 BRIEF REPORT Defining Extended Spectrum b-lactamases: Implications of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration- Based Screening Versus Clavulanate
More informationPrevalence of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae Strains in Latvia
Prevalence of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae Strains in Latvia Ruta Paberza 1, Solvita Selderiņa 1, Sandra Leja 1, Jelena Storoženko 1, Lilija Lužbinska 1, Aija Žileviča 2*
More informationAntimicrobial Resistance
Antimicrobial Resistance Consequences of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria Change in the approach to the administration of Change in the approach to the administration of empiric antimicrobial therapy Increased
More informationMicrobiology Unit, Hua Hin Hospital, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Thailand
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CARBAPENEMASE GENES IN CLINICAL ISOLATES OF CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII FROM A GENERAL HOSPITAL IN THAILAND Wichai Santimaleeworagun 1, Anukul Thathong
More informationAnalysis of drug-resistant gene detection of blaoxa-like genes from Acinetobacter baumannii
Analysis of drug-resistant gene detection of blaoxa-like genes from Acinetobacter baumannii D.K. Yang, H.J. Liang, H.L. Gao, X.W. Wang and Y. Wang Department of Infections, The First Affiliated Hospital
More informationIntrinsic, implied and default resistance
Appendix A Intrinsic, implied and default resistance Magiorakos et al. [1] and CLSI [2] are our primary sources of information on intrinsic resistance. Sanford et al. [3] and Gilbert et al. [4] have been
More informationPedro Martínez and Salim Mattar* ABSTRACT
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology (2012): 1274-1280 ISSN 1517-8382 IMIPENEM-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII CARRYING THE ISABA1-BLA OXA-23, 51 AND ISABA1- BLA ADC-7 GENES IN MONTERIA, COLOMBIA Pedro
More informationWhat does multiresistance actually mean? Yohei Doi, MD, PhD University of Pittsburgh
What does multiresistance actually mean? Yohei Doi, MD, PhD University of Pittsburgh Disclosures Merck Research grant Clinical context of multiresistance Resistance to more classes of agents Less options
More informationGlobal Alliance for Infections in Surgery. Better understanding of the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance
Better understanding of the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance Antibiotic prescribing practices in surgery Contents Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance 4 Antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae 9
More informationFlorida Health Care Association District 2 January 13, 2015 A.C. Burke, MA, CIC
Florida Health Care Association District 2 January 13, 2015 A.C. Burke, MA, CIC 11/20/2014 1 To describe carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. To identify laboratory detection standards for carbapenem-resistant
More informationBLA-NDM-1 IN CLINICAL ISOLATES OF Acinetobacter baumannii FROM NORTH INDIA
ISSN: 0976-2876 (Print) ISSN: 2250-0138(Online) BLA-NDM-1 IN CLINICAL ISOLATES OF Acinetobacter baumannii FROM NORTH INDIA NIDHI PAL a, R. SUJATHA b AND ANIL KUMAR 1c a Department of Microbiology, Rama
More informationAntimicrobial Cycling. Donald E Low University of Toronto
Antimicrobial Cycling Donald E Low University of Toronto Bad Bugs, No Drugs 1 The Antimicrobial Availability Task Force of the IDSA 1 identified as particularly problematic pathogens A. baumannii and
More informationWitchcraft for Gram negatives
Witchcraft for Gram negatives Dr Subramanian S MD DNB MNAMS AB (Medicine, Infect Dis) Infectious Diseases Consultant Global Health City, Chennai www.asksubra.com Drug resistance follows the drug like a
More informationβ-lactams resistance among Enterobacteriaceae in Morocco 1 st ICREID Addis Ababa March 2018
β-lactams resistance among Enterobacteriaceae in Morocco 1 st ICREID Addis Ababa 12-14 March 2018 Antibiotic resistance center Institut Pasteur du Maroc Enterobacteriaceae (E. coli, Salmonella, ) S. aureus
More informationESCMID Online Lecture Library. by author
Expert rules in susceptibility testing EUCAST-ESGARS-EPASG Educational Workshop Linz, 16 19 September, 2014 Dr. Rafael Cantón Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal SERVICIO DE MICROBIOLOGÍA Y PARASITOLOGÍA
More information2015 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Report
Gram negative Sepsis Outcome Programme (GNSOP) 2015 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Report Prepared by A/Professor Thomas Gottlieb Concord Hospital Sydney Jan Bell The University of Adelaide Adelaide On behalf
More informationORIGINAL ARTICLE /j x. Mallorca, Spain
ORIGINAL ARTICLE 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.01251.x Contribution of clonal dissemination and selection of mutants during therapy to Pseudomonas aeruginosa antimicrobial resistance in an intensive care unit
More informationBurton's Microbiology for the Health Sciences. Chapter 9. Controlling Microbial Growth in Vivo Using Antimicrobial Agents
Burton's Microbiology for the Health Sciences Chapter 9. Controlling Microbial Growth in Vivo Using Antimicrobial Agents Chapter 9 Outline Introduction Characteristics of an Ideal Antimicrobial Agent How
More informationOther β-lactamase Inhibitor (BLI) Combinations: Focus on VNRX-5133, WCK 5222 and ETX2514SUL
Other β-lactamase Inhibitor (BLI) Combinations: Focus on VNRX-5133, WCK 5222 and ETX2514SUL David P. Nicolau, PharmD, FCCP, FIDSA Director, Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development Hartford Hospital
More informationETX2514: Responding to the global threat of nosocomial multidrug and extremely drug resistant Gram-negative pathogens
ETX2514: Responding to the global threat of nosocomial multidrug and extremely drug resistant Gram-negative pathogens Ruben Tommasi, PhD Chief Scientific Officer ECCMID 2017 April 24, 2017 Vienna, Austria
More informationWHY IS THIS IMPORTANT?
CHAPTER 20 ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? The most important problem associated with infectious disease today is the rapid development of resistance to antibiotics It will force us to change
More informationDiversity in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from paediatric cancer patients in Egypt
ORIGINAL ARTICLE BACTERIOLOGY Diversity in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from paediatric cancer patients in Egypt L. Al-Hassan 1, H. El Mehallawy 2 and S.G.B. Amyes 1 1) Medical Microbiology, University
More informationOutline. Antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance in gram negative bacilli. % susceptibility 7/11/2010
Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms Is Combination Therapy the Way to Go? Sutthiporn Pattharachayakul, PharmD Prince of Songkhla University, Thailand Outline Prevalence of anti-microbial resistance in Acinetobacter
More informationAntibiotic resistance a mechanistic overview Neil Woodford
Antibiotic Resistance a Mechanistic verview BSc PhD FRCPath Consultant Clinical Scientist 1 Polymyxin Colistin Daptomycin Mechanisms of antibiotic action Quinolones Mupirocin Nitrofurans Nitroimidazoles
More informationMechanisms and Pathways of AMR in the environment
FMM/RAS/298: Strengthening capacities, policies and national action plans on prudent and responsible use of antimicrobials in fisheries Final Workshop in cooperation with AVA Singapore and INFOFISH 12-14
More informationPlease distribute a copy of this information to each provider in your organization.
HEALTH ADVISORY TO: Physicians and other Healthcare Providers Please distribute a copy of this information to each provider in your organization. Questions regarding this information may be directed to
More informationEXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASE (ESBL) TESTING
EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASE (ESBL) TESTING CHN61: EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASE (ESBL) TESTING 1.1 Introduction A common mechanism of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics is the production
More informationAntibiotic utilization and Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance in intensive care units
NEW MICROBIOLOGICA, 34, 291-298, 2011 Antibiotic utilization and Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance in intensive care units Vladimíra Vojtová 1, Milan Kolář 2, Kristýna Hricová 2, Radek Uvízl 3, Jan Neiser
More informationAPPENDIX III - DOUBLE DISK TEST FOR ESBL
Policy # MI\ANTI\04\03\v03 Page 1 of 5 Section: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Manual Subject Title: Appendix III - Double Disk Test for ESBL Issued by: LABORATORY MANAGER Original Date: January
More informationEARS Net Report, Quarter
EARS Net Report, Quarter 4 213 March 214 Key Points for 213* Escherichia coli: The proportion of patients with invasive infections caused by E. coli producing extended spectrum β lactamases (ESBLs) increased
More informationSepsis is the most common cause of death in
ADDRESSING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT * John P. Quinn, MD ABSTRACT Two of the more common strategies for optimizing antimicrobial therapy in the intensive care unit (ICU) are antibiotic
More informationDetection of Inducible AmpC β-lactamase-producing Gram-Negative Bacteria in a Teaching Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
Original Article Vol. 25 No. 3 Ampc β-lactamase Production in Gram-Negative Bacilli:-Chaudhary U, et al. 129 Detection of Inducible AmpC β-lactamase-producing Gram-Negative Bacteria in a Teaching Tertiary
More informationPrevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta- Lactamase Producers among Various Clinical Samples in a Tertiary Care Hospital: Kurnool District, India
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 319-77 Volume Number (17) pp. 57-3 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/1.5/ijcmas.17..31
More informationCONTAGIOUS COMMENTS Department of Epidemiology
VOLUME XXIII NUMBER 1 July 2008 CONTAGIOUS COMMENTS Department of Epidemiology Bugs and Drugs Elaine Dowell, SM (ASCP), Marti Roe SM (ASCP), Ann-Christine Nyquist MD, MSPH Are the bugs winning? The 2007
More informationDRUG-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII A GROWING SUPERBUG POPULATION. Cara Wilder Ph.D. Technical Writer March 13 th 2014
DRUG-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII A GROWING SUPERBUG POPULATION Cara Wilder Ph.D. Technical Writer March 13 th 2014 ATCC Founded in 1925, ATCC is a non-profit organization with headquarters in Manassas,
More informationAntimicrobial Resistance and Prescribing
Antimicrobial Resistance and Prescribing John Ferguson, Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia M Med Part 1 updates UPNG 2017 Tw @mdjkf http://idmic.net
More informationOther Enterobacteriaceae
GUIDE TO INFECTION CONTROL IN THE HOSPITAL CHAPTER NUMBER 50: Other Enterobacteriaceae Author Kalisvar Marimuthu, MD Chapter Editor Michelle Doll, MD, MPH Topic Outline Topic outline - Key Issues Known
More informationAn#bio#cs and challenges in the wake of superbugs
An#bio#cs and challenges in the wake of superbugs www.biochemj.org/bj/330/0581/bj3300581.htm ciss.blog.olemiss.edu Dr. Vassie Ware Bioscience in the 21 st Century November 14, 2014 Who said this and what
More informationGENERAL NOTES: 2016 site of infection type of organism location of the patient
GENERAL NOTES: This is a summary of the antibiotic sensitivity profile of clinical isolates recovered at AIIMS Bhopal Hospital during the year 2016. However, for organisms in which < 30 isolates were recovered
More informationDifferences in phenotypic and genotypic traits against antimicrobial agents between Acinetobacter baumannii and Acinetobacter genomic species 13TU
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2007) 59, 633 639 doi:10.1093/jac/dkm007 Advance Access publication 6 March 2007 Differences in phenotypic and genotypic traits against antimicrobial agents between
More informationInt.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(3):
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 3 (2017) pp. 891-895 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.603.104
More informationRETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI ISOLATES AMONG DIFFERENT CLINICAL SAMPLES FROM A DIAGNOSTIC CENTER OF KANPUR
Original article RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI ISOLATES AMONG DIFFERENT CLINICAL SAMPLES FROM A DIAGNOSTIC CENTER OF KANPUR R.Sujatha 1,Nidhi Pal 2, Deepak S 3 1. Professor & Head, Department
More informationBreaking the Ring. β-lactamases and the Great Arms Race. Bryce M Kayhart, PharmD, BCPS PGY2 Pharmacotherapy Resident Mayo Clinic - Rochester
Breaking the Ring β-lactamases and the Great Arms Race Bryce M Kayhart, PharmD, BCPS PGY2 Pharmacotherapy Resident Mayo Clinic - Rochester 2015 MFMER slide-1 Disclosures I have no relevant financial relationships
More informationInternational Journal of Health Sciences and Research ISSN:
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research www.ijhsr.org ISSN: 2249-9571 Original Research Article Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated From Various Clinical
More informationSafe Patient Care Keeping our Residents Safe Use Standard Precautions for ALL Residents at ALL times
Safe Patient Care Keeping our Residents Safe 2016 Use Standard Precautions for ALL Residents at ALL times #safepatientcare Do bugs need drugs? Dr Deirdre O Brien Consultant Microbiologist Mercy University
More informationMulti-drug resistant microorganisms
Multi-drug resistant microorganisms Arzu TOPELI Director of MICU Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara-Turkey Council Member of WFSICCM Deaths in the US declined by 220 per 100,000 with the
More informationDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
ORIGINAL ARTICLE 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01911.x Genetic diversity of carbapenem-resistant isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Europe K. J. Towner, K. Levi and M. Vlassiadi, on behalf of the ARPAC
More informationEDUCATIONAL COMMENTARY THE RISE OF CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
ENTEROBACTERIACEAE Educational commentary is provided through our affiliation with the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP). To obtain FREE CME/CMLE credits click on Earn CE Credits under Continuing
More informationPROTOCOL for serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Salmonella test strains
PROTOCOL for serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Salmonella test strains 1 INTRODUCTION... 1 2 OBJECTIVES... 2 3 OUTLINE OF THE EQAS 2017... 2 3.1 Shipping, receipt and storage of strains...
More informationDo clinical microbiology laboratory data distort the picture of antibiotic resistance in humans and domestic animals?
Do clinical microbiology laboratory data distort the picture of antibiotic resistance in humans and domestic animals? Scott Weissman, MD 2 June 2018 scott.weissman@seattlechildrens.org Disclosures I have
More informationOvernight identification of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii carriage in hospitalized patients
TABLE 1. Origin and carbapenem resistance characteristics of the 64 Acinetobacter baumannii stock D-750 Overnight identification of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii carriage in hospitalized patients
More informationREVIEW. Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii: mechanisms and epidemiology L. Poirel and P. Nordmann /j
REVIEW 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01456.x Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii: mechanisms and epidemiology L. Poirel and P. Nordmann Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, South-Paris
More informationPresenter: Ombeva Malande. Red Cross Children's Hospital Paed ID /University of Cape Town Friday 6 November 2015: Session:- Paediatric ID Update
Emergence of invasive Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae CRE infection at RCWMCH Ombeva Oliver Malande, Annerie du Plessis, Colleen Bamford, Brian Eley Presenter: Ombeva Malande Red Cross Children's
More informationMolecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Five Proximal Hospitals in Taiwan
Jpn. J. Infect. Dis., 64, 222-227, 2011 Short Communication Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Five Proximal Hospitals in
More informationDr Vivien CHUANG Associate Consultant Infection Control Branch, Centre for Health Protection/ Infectious Disease Control and Training Center,
Dr Vivien CHUANG Associate Consultant Infection Control Branch, Centre for Health Protection/ Infectious Disease Control and Training Center, Hospital Authority NDM-1, which stands for New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase-1
More informationResistant Gram-negative Bacteria
Introduction Antibiotic-resistant bacteria aren t new. But gram-negative bacteria, like Enterobacteriaceae, are becoming more resistant to our last-line antibiotics. Some people are calling these bacteria
More informationMichael Hombach*, Guido V. Bloemberg and Erik C. Böttger
J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 67: 622 632 doi:10.1093/jac/dkr524 Advance Access publication 13 December 2011 Effects of clinical breakpoint changes in CLSI guidelines 2010/2011 and EUCAST guidelines 2011
More information10/15/08. Activity of an Antibiotic. Affinity for target. Permeability properties (ability to get to the target)
Beta-lactam antibiotics Penicillins Target - Cell wall - interfere with cross linking Actively growing cells Bind to Penicillin Binding Proteins Enzymes involved in cell wall synthesis Activity of an Antibiotic
More informationUpdate on Resistance and Epidemiology of Nosocomial Respiratory Pathogens in Asia. Po-Ren Hsueh. National Taiwan University Hospital
Update on Resistance and Epidemiology of Nosocomial Respiratory Pathogens in Asia Po-Ren Hsueh National Taiwan University Hospital Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Microbiological Report Sputum from a
More information10/9/2012. Unprecedented success of antibiotics in 1960s. Infectious diseases are #1 cause of mortality worldwide
I have no conflicts of interest in relation to this program Whitney Jones, PharmD Antimicrobial Stewardship Pharmacist Vanderbilt University Medical Center October 25, 2012 Understand the epidemiology
More informationThe impact of antimicrobial resistance on enteric infections in Vietnam Dr Stephen Baker
The impact of antimicrobial resistance on enteric infections in Vietnam Dr Stephen Baker sbaker@oucru.org Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Outline The impact of antimicrobial
More informationOccurrence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Among Blood Culture Isolates of Gram-Negative Bacteria
Original Article Vol. 21 No. 2 ESBL producers among blood culture isolates:- Kapoor L, Deb M. 53 Occurrence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Among Blood Culture Isolates of Gram-Negative Bacteria Lata
More informationDoripenem: A new carbapenem antibiotic a review of comparative antimicrobial and bactericidal activities
REVIEW Doripenem: A new carbapenem antibiotic a review of comparative antimicrobial and bactericidal activities Fiona Walsh Department of Clinical Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
More informationReport on the APUA Educational Symposium: "Facing the Next Pandemic of Pan-resistant Gram-negative Bacilli"
Preserving the Power of Antibiotics Report on the APUA Educational Symposium: "Facing the Next Pandemic of Pan-resistant Gram-negative Bacilli" Held on Thursday, September 30, 2004 in Boston, MA Preceding
More informationNational Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Obtained from Intensive Care Unit Patients from 1993 to 2002
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY, Dec. 2004, p. 4606 4610 Vol. 48, No. 12 0066-4804/04/$08.00 0 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.48.12.4606 4610.2004 Copyright 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights
More informationMulti-Drug Resistant Gram Negative Organisms POLICY REVIEW DATE EXTENDED Printed copies must not be considered the definitive version
Multi-Drug Resistant Gram Negative Organisms POLICY REVIEW DATE EXTENDED 2018 Printed copies must not be considered the definitive version DOCUMENT CONTROL POLICY NO. IC-122 Policy Group Infection Control
More informationInternational Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF ESBL PRODUCING GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI ABSTRACT
Research Article Microbiology International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences ISSN 0975-6299 ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF ESBL PRODUCING GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI * PRABHAKAR C MAILAPUR, DEEPA
More informationTHE NAC CHALLENGE PANEL OF ISOLATES FOR VERIFICATION OF ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING METHODS
THE NAC CHALLENGE PANEL OF ISOLATES FOR VERIFICATION OF ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING METHODS Stefanie Desmet University Hospitals Leuven Laboratory medicine microbiology stefanie.desmet@uzleuven.be
More informationETX2514SUL (sulbactam/etx2514) for the treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii infections
ETX2514SUL (sulbactam/etx2514) for the treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii infections Robin Isaacs Chief Medical Officer, Entasis Therapeutics Dr. Isaacs is a full-time employee of Entasis Therapeutics.
More informationGeorgios Meletis, Efstathios Oustas, Christina Botziori, Eleni Kakasi, Asimoula Koteli
New Microbiologica, 38, 417-421, 2015 Containment of carbapenem resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii in a Greek hospital with a concomitant increase in colistin, gentamicin
More informationEUCAST Subcommitee for Detection of Resistance Mechanisms (ESDReM)
EUCAST Subcommitee for Detection of Resistance Mechanisms (ESDReM) Christian G. Giske, MD/PhD Chairman of ESDReM Karolinska University Hospital and EUCAST ECCMID, 22 maj 2013 The background Guidance on
More informationEpidemiological Characteristics and Drug Resistance Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a China Hospital at a Certain Time
Polish Journal of Microbiology 2014, Vol. 63, No 3, 275 281 ORIGINAL PAPER Epidemiological Characteristics and Drug Resistance Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a China Hospital
More informationComparison of Susceptibility of Gram Negative Bacilli to Cephalosporins and Ciprofloxacin
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 9 (2016) pp. 205-212 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.509.023
More informationEducating Clinical and Public Health Laboratories About Antimicrobial Resistance Challenges
Educating Clinical and Public Health Laboratories About Antimicrobial Resistance Challenges Janet Hindler, MCLS MT(ASCP) UCLA Medical Center jhindler@ucla.edu also working as a consultant with the Association
More informationCharacterization of the Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter
Ann Clin Microbiol Vol. 7, No. 2, June, 20 http://dx.doi.org/0.55/acm.20.7.2.29 pissn 2288-0585 eissn 2288-6850 Characterization of the Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter species Causing a Nosocomial Outbreak
More informationFighting MDR Pathogens in the ICU
Fighting MDR Pathogens in the ICU Dr. Murat Akova Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Ankara, Turkey 1 50.000 deaths each year in US and Europe due to antimicrobial
More informationMili Rani Saha and Sanya Tahmina Jhora. Department of Microbiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Mitford, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative organisms: hospital prevalence and comparison of double disc synergy and E-test methods Mili Rani Saha and Sanya Tahmina Jhora Original
More informationAntimicrobial Resistance Strains
Antimicrobial Resistance Strains Microbiologics offers a wide range of strains with characterized antimicrobial resistance mechanisms including: Extended-Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) Carbapenamases Vancomycin-Resistant
More informationEpidemiology and Burden of Antimicrobial-Resistant P. aeruginosa Infections
Epidemiology and Burden of Antimicrobial-Resistant P. aeruginosa Infections Keith S. Kaye, MD, MPH Professor of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan
More informationOriginally published as:
Originally published as: Yvonne Pfeifer, Gottfried Wilharm, Esther Zander, Thomas A. Wichelhaus, Stefan Göttig, Klaus- Peter Hunfeld, Harald Seifert, Wolfgang Witte and Paul G. Higgins Molecular characterization
More informationDetection of ESBL Producing Gram Negative Uropathogens and their Antibiotic Resistance Pattern from a Tertiary Care Centre, Bengaluru, India
ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 12 (2015) pp. 578-583 http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article Detection of ESBL Producing Gram Negative Uropathogens and their Antibiotic Resistance Pattern from
More informationOriginal Article. Ratri Hortiwakul, M.Sc.*, Pantip Chayakul, M.D.*, Natnicha Ingviya, B.Sc.**
Original Article In Vitro Activity of Cefminox and Other β-lactam Antibiotics Against Clinical Isolates of Extended- Spectrum-β-lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli Ratri Hortiwakul,
More informationDecrease of vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium from bloodstream infections in
AAC Accepted Manuscript Posted Online 30 March 2015 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/aac.00513-15 Copyright 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 1 2 Decrease of vancomycin
More information