Action Plan Goal 2 Surveillance and Monitoring Strategies:

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1 Action Plan Goal 2 Surveillance and Monitoring Strategies: o Introduce molecular analysis approach to AMR surveillance o Expand the scope of monitoring in aquaculture o Establish a monitoring system for companion animals o Further strengthen integrated monitoring of human and animal health sectors o Establish integrated One Health surveillance in humans, animals, food, and the environment 10

2 Experience Integration of human and animal data Trend of % of E.coli resistant to fluoroquinolones Humans Broilers Pigs Beef cattle (Data from JANIS and JVARM, ) 11

3 Action Plan Goal 3 Infection Prevention and Control Strategies: 1. Promote infection prevention and control of livestock, aquaculture animals and companion animals: o Further develop and use vaccines for livestock, aquaculture animals and companion animals o Increase training opportunities for veterinarians and livestock and fishery workers 2. Step up infection prevention and control along the entire food chain: o Promote HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) 12

4 Experience:The impact of vaccination Financial cost due to streptococcal infection in yellowtails # of fish (10,000) Estimated use of macrolides # of fish vaccinated $USD (million) Financial loss from infection (Data provided by Oita prefecture, Japan) 13

5 Action Plan Goal 4 Prudent/Appropriate use of antimicrobials Strategy: Ensure prudent use of antimicrobials for animals in the field of livestock, fisheries and veterinary care 1. Perform risk assessment and implement risk management measures 2. Strengthen a system to promote prudent use of antimicrobials for animals o Ensure compliance with the guidelines for the prudent use of antimicrobials for animals o Introduce a new system of oversight of experts (vets, aquatic animal health inspectors) for the antimicrobial use in aquaculture 3. Monitor the antimicrobial feed additive use by animal species 14

6 Experience: Drop in resistance to cephalosporins upon voluntary withdrawal of ceftiofur in poultry hatcheries Voluntary withdrawal of the off-label use of ceftiofur at hatcheries (Hiki et al Foodborne Pathogens and Disease) 15

7 Action Plan Goal 5 Research and Development 1. Promote research to elucidate the mechanism of the emergence and transmission of AMR and its socioeconomic impact 2. Promote research on effective public awareness/education on AMR, etc. 3. Promote clinical research on the optimization of existing methods for prevention, diagnosis and treatment 4. Promote R&D of novel methods for prevention, diagnosis and treatment 5. Promote global research collaboration 16

8 Action Plan Goal 6 International Cooperation Support international AMR initiatives by FAO, WHO and OIE Contribute to the advancement of international measures (i.e. supporting the formulation of action plans in other countries) In 2016: Tokyo Ministerial Meeting on Antimicrobial Resistance in Asia (co-hosted by Japan and WHO) G7 meetings across Japan G7 summit in Ise-Shima, G7 Agriculture Ministers Meeting in Niigata, G7 Health Ministers Meeting in Kobe OIE focal point seminar, OIE regional training 17

9 Challenges We continue to strengthen our current activities to further ensure the prudent use of antimicrobials and enhance the collaboration with the surveillance in the human sector under the concept of One Health Approach. The lesson from our experience : Importance of awareness and understanding of veterinarians and farmers and ensuring more active participation of the prudent use guidelines established in 2013 New activities: Expansion of the coverage of AMR monitoring including companion animals. Further promotion for the involvement of experts when using antimicrobials in aquaculture. Molecular analysis approach to the AMR surveillance in cooperation with the human sector. 18

10 Future Action We are actively engaging stakeholders (farmers, pharmaceutical companies, feed industry, academia, etc.) to formulate more concrete programs and schedules for each animal species. Based on action programs and schedules, implement measures in cooperation with stakeholders National Action Plan Exchange views with stakeholders Feasibility Challenges Solutions Procedures Goals etc. Action programs and schedules for each animal species Pigs Cows Within one year Broilers Aquaculture etc. 19