DOSE ROUTE FREQUENCYREFERENCENOTES

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1 Published on UC Davis Safety Services ( List of Formularies Rabbit Formulary Dog Formulary Cat Formulary Guinea Pig Formulary Rat Formulary Mouse Formulary Hamster Formulary Gerbil Formulary Reptile Formulary Amphibian Formulary Fish Formulary Chicken Formulary Swine Formulary Primate Formulary Small Ruminants Horse Formulary Ferret Formulary Literary References [1] Rabbit Formulary Glycopyrolate IV, SC 7, IM 17 Acepromazine SC, IM 17 Diazepam 1-2 IM, IV 17 Midazolam IM 7 1

2 Ketamine/Acepromazine 50-75/1-5 IM 4 Ketamine/Xylazine 35/5 IM, SC 4, 17 Ketamine/Midazolam 5-30/0.2-2 IM, SC 4, 7 Ketamine/Diazepam 10/2 IV 4 Propofol IV 4, 2 Isoflurane To effect Inhalation Morphine 2-5 SC, IM q. 2-4 hrs 2, 4 Buprenorphine SC, IM, IV q hrs 2, 4, 7, 17 Butorphanol SC, IM, IV q. 4 hrs 2, 4, 7, 17 NON- Flunixin 1.1 SC, IM q. 12 hrs 2, 4, 17 Ibuprofen IV q. 4 hrs PO q hrs 7 Ketoprofen 1-3 IM q hrs 4, 7, 17 Carprofen 1-5 SC q. 24 hrs 7, PO q. 12 hrs 4, 17 Meloxicam SC, PO q hrs 2, 7, 17 ANESTHETIC ANTAGONIST Naloxone SC, IM, IV, IP 4, 17 Reverses opioids Nalbuphine 1 IP, SC 1-2 IV q. 4-5 hrs Yohimbine 0.2 IV 4 Reverses xylazine Atipamezole 0.2 IV 4 Reverses dexmedetomidine 1 SC, IV, IM 4, 17 Reverses dexmedetomidine Dog Formulary Atropine SC, IM, IV 3, 5 Glycopyrolate IM, SC, IV 3 Acepromazine SC, IM, IV max of 3 mg 3 As an adjunct to anesthesia Diazepam IV 5 Immediately prior to ketamine Ketamine/Diazepam 10/0.5 IV 5 Induction and chemical restraint Telazol IM 3 Propofol 5.5 IV slowly 3 <5 sec administration apnea Thiopental IV 3 Dose depends on desired duration Isoflurane To effect Inhalation Morphine SC, IM q. 4-6 hrs 3 Fentanyl patch see reference for size Transdermal 3 Methadone 0.5 IV, IM, SC q. 6-8 hrs 3 Apply hours before surgery 2

3 Buprenorphine SC, IM, IV q. 6-12hrs 3 Butorphanol SC, IM, IV q. 2-4 hrs 3 Analgesia lasts less than 1 hr Oxymorphone SC, IM, IV q. 1-6 hrs 3 NON- Dexmedetomidine ug/kg IM 6 Carprofen 4.4 PO, SC q. 24hrs 3 Meloxicam 0.2 on day 1 PO, IV, SC q. 24hrs on day 2 PO, IV, SC q. 24 hrs 3 ANESTHETIC ANTAGONIST Naloxone SC, IM, IV 3 Reverses opioids Yohimbine 0.11 IV 3 Reverses xylazine Atipamezole 0.25 IV, IM 3, 5 Reverses dexmedetomidine Cat Formulary PRE-ANESTHETIC Butorphanol IM, SC 3 Acepromazine IM, SC 3 Dose dependent on other agents being administered, consult reference for details INDUCTION Propofol 6-8 IV 3 Dosed to effect ANESTHESIA Dexmedetomidine/Ketamine/Butorphanol ml/kg Isoflorane 5% inductioninhalation % Inhalation maintenance 19 3 Mix 1mg of 0.5 mg/ml dexmedetomidine, 1 ml of 100 mg/ml ketamine and 1 ml 10 mg/ml butorphanol,consult reference for details Reverse with Atipamazole - use same volume of dexmedetomodine IM ANALGESIA 3

4 Buprenorphone (Simbadol) 0.24 SC SID IM, IV, oral Buprenorphine transmucosal BID-TID 3 Butorphanol IM, SC, IV 4-5x day 3 Carprofen 4 SC or IV Once 3 Meloxicam 0.3 SC Once on SC, PO 1st day 3 day day 2 PO SID 3 Guinea Pig Formulary Atropine SC, IM, IV 7 Glycopyrolate SC 7 Acepromazine IM 7 As an adjunct to anesthesia Diazepam IM, IV 7 As an adjunct to anesthesia Midazolam 1-2 SC, IM, IV 7 Ketamine IM 8 Ketamine/Xylazine 87/13 IM 2 Useful for longer procedures 30/5 SC, IP 2 Ketamine/Medetomidine 40/0.5 IM, IP 8 Telazol IM 2 Ineffective analgesia Telazol/Xylazine/Butroph60/5/0.1 IP 2 Fentanyl/Droperidol ml/kg IM 8 Fentanyl/Fluanisone ml/kg IM 8 given 20 minutes after diazepam Isoflurane, Halothane To effect Inhalation Morphine 2-5 SC, IM q. 4 hrs 7 Meperidine SC, IM q. 2-3 hrs 7 Buprenorphine 0.05 SC q hrs 7 Butorphanol 1-2 SC q. 4 hrs 7 Oxymorphone SC 7 NON- Aspirin 86 PO q. 4 hrs (?) 7 ototoxic@50 Xylazine 2-10 SC, IP 7 Cause sedation, may cause muscle necrosis IM Medetomidine SC 7 Cause sedation Carprofen 4 SC hrs 7 Flunixin meglumine 2.5 SC 7 Ketoprofen 1 SC hrs 7 Meloxicam SC, PO 24 hrs 7 4

5 ANESTHETIC ANTAGONIST Naloxone IP, IV 15 Reverses opioids Yohimbine IV 7 Reverses xylazine Atipamezole 1 IV 7 Reverses medetomidine Rat Formulary Atropine SC, IM 8 Glycopyrolate SC, IM 8, 4 Acepromazine IM 8 Some rats possess serum atropinesterase Ketamine 22 IM 8 For light sedation IM 8 For heavy sedation 100 IM 4 For immobilization SC, IP SC, IP Ketamine/Acepromazine75/2.5 IM 4 Ketamine/Xylazine 75-95/5 IM, IP 8 50/5 SC, IP 1 Ketamine/Medetomidine75/0.5 IP 4 Not for major surgical procedure Telazol IM IM 8 Pentobarbital IP 8, 4 Propofol IV 8, 4 Isoflurane To effect Inhalation Buprenorphine ( SC, IV, IP q hrs per 3rd ed) 8 Butorphanol SC, IM, IP q. 2-4 hrs 8 Morphine 2-5 SC, IM, IP q. 4 hrs 8 Oxymorphine SC, IM q hrs 8 Tramadol 5 IM PO, SC q hrs 8 NON- Carprofen SC, PO q hrs 8 Ketoprofen 5 SC, IM, PO SID 8 Meloxicam 1-2 SC, PO q. 24 hrs 8 Flunixin SC, IM q. 12 hrs ANESTHETIC ANTAGONIST Naloxone SC, IP, IV 4, 8 5

6 2.1 IP 4 Yohimbine IV 8 Atipamezole 1 SC 8, IP 8 Mouse Formulary Isoflorane 2-3% (induction) InhalationAs needed % (maintenance) InhalationAs needed (K) (X) + 3(A) in the Ketamine/Xylazine/Acepromaine IP As needed 14 same syringe Ketamine/Xylazine 100(K) (X) IP As needed 3 Pentobarbital IP As needed 3 ANALGESIA Buprenorphine SC q. 12 hrs 3 Carprofen 5 SC q hrs 3 Meloxicam 1-10 IP q hrs PO, SC 8 Hamster Formulary Atropine Glycopyrolate Acepromazine SQ, IM SC IM 8 Diazepam 1-5 IM 8 Midazolam 1-2 IM 8 Ketamine IM 8 Ketamine/Xylazine 80/5 SC, IP, IM 8 Telazol/Xylazine 30/10 IP, IM 8 Pentobarbital IP 8 Isoflurane To effect Inhalation Medetomidine 0.1 SC 8 Light sedation, heavy sedation at higher doses with marked individual variation Morphine 2-5 SC, IM q. 2-4 hr 8 6

7 Buprenorphine 0.5 SC q. 8 hrs Oxymorphone SC, IM q hrs 8 Butorphanol 1-5 SC q. 4 hrs 8 NON- Carprofen 5 SC q. 24 hrs 8 Ketoprofen 5 SC, IM, PO q. 24 hrs 8 Meloxicam 1-2 SC, PO q. 12 hrs 8 Flunixin 2.5 SC q hrs 8 ANESTHETIC ANTAGONIST Naloxone SC, IP 8 Reverses Opioids Yohimbine IV 8 Reverses Xylazine Atipamezolx 1 SC 8 Reverses Medetomidine Gerbil Formulary Atropine SC, IM 8 Glycopyrolate SC 8 Acepromazine As an adjunct to anesthesia, may SC, IM, IV 8 precipitate seizures Diazepam 1-5 IM 8 As an adjunct to anesthesia Midazolam 1-2 IM 8 Ketamine IM 8 Best given with a sedative Ketamine/Xylazine 50/2 IP 8 Ketamine/Medetomidine 75/0.5 IM, IP 8 Ketamine/Xylazine/Acepromazine50/2/0.5 SC, IP 8 Telazol 60 SC, IP 2 Telazol/Xylazine 20/10 IP 8 Pentobarbital IP 8 Dilute 1:10 in sterile water Propofol 3-5 mg IV 8 In prairie dogs Avertin % solution: must be made IP 8 fresh at each use Isoflurane, Halothane To effect Inhalation 8 Morphine 2-5 SC, IM q. 2-4 hr 8 Buprenorphine SC, IV, IP q hrs 8 7

8 Oxymorphone Butorphanol SC, IM q hrs 8 SC q hrs 8 NON- Aspirin 120 PO q. 4 hrs 8 Carprofen 5 SC q. 24 hrs 8 Ketoprofen 5 SC, IM, PO q. 24 hrs 8 Meloxicam SC, PO q. 24 hrs 8 Flunixin 2.5 SC q hrs 8 Acetaminophen 300 PO q. 4 hrs 8 Medetomidine SC 2, 8 ANESTHETIC ANTAGONIST Naloxone SC, IP 8 Reverses opioids Yohimbine IV 8 Reverses xylazine Atipamezole 1 SC 8 Reverses medetomidine Reptile Formulary Ketamine IM, IV 2, 8 Most species Pentobarbital IM 38 Lizards IC 8 Snakes IC 8 Chelonians Telazol 2-10 IM, IV, SC 2, 8 Lizards Isoflurane To effect Inhalation May be prolonged due to breath holding Buprenorphine IM q. 4-6 hrs 8 Most species Butorphanol IM, IV, SC q hrs 2, 8 Most species NON-OPIODS Carprofen 1-4 SC, IM, PO, IVq. 24 hrs 2, 8 Flunixin IM q hrs 2, 8 se maximum of 3 days Ketoprofen 2 SC, IM q. 24 hrs 39 Meloxicam PO q. 24 hrs 39 Amphibian Formulary MS g/l Immersion 8 No analgesic properties after recovery 8

9 Pentobarbital Ketamine Isoflurane Intracelomic 8 SQ, IM 8 No analgesic properties after recovery ml/g Topical 8 Mixed by combining 3 ml isoflurane with 1.5 ml of sterile water and 3.5 ml of KY Jelly Eugenol 350 ul/l Immersion 20 Xenopus laevis-immersion differences based on size of animal Morphine mg SQ 8 Butorphanol Buprenorphine 38 Dorsal lymph sac IM q hrs 8 q. 4-6 hrs 8 NON- Benzocaine 50 mg/l (larvae) mg/l Dexmedetomidine Immersion 8 Dissolve in ethanol first Bath to effect 8 Frogs, salamanders/dissolve in ethanol first SQ 8 Fish Formulary Ketamine Immobilization for short procedures; IM 8, 18 complete recovery can take > 1 hr MS Buffer with sodium bicarbonate to a ph 7.0- Immersion 2 mg/l mg/l Immersion 14 Surgical plane for adult zebrafish Propofol Can cause respiratory depression and IV 2 bradycardia Lidocaine HCl 325 mg/l Immersion 14 Aduilt zebrafish Eugenol (Clove oil, Aqui-S 20e) 2-5 ppm Immersion 14 Adult zebrafish ppm 14 Adult zebrafish surgical plane Morphine 5 IM 2 Butorphanol IM SID 1 NON- Carprofen 2-4 IM q hrs 1 Flunixin IM q hrs 1 9

10 Ketoprofen 2 IM 1 Meloxicam IM q hrs 1 Chicken Formulary Atropine SC, IV, IM 8 Preanesthetic dose SC, IM, IV, IO, IT 8 Bradycardia dose Glycopyrolate IM, IV 8 For "most species" of birds, not specifically chickens Acepromazine IM 8 Rarely used in birds (except ratites) Ketamine SC, IM, IV 10 Ketamine/Diazepam 25/1-2 IM Ketamine IV and 2.5 diazepam IM 8 Ketamine/Midazolam 25/0.2 IM 10 Ketamine/Xylazine 4.4/2.2 IV 10 Telazol 5-10 IM 10 Propofol IV 2 Isoflurane To effect Inhalation Give diazepam 10 min after Ketamine Buprenorphine IA IM 11 Butorphanol IM, IV q. 1-4 hrs 8 Butorphanol/Midazolam1/1 8 No effect on pain behavior in chickens For "most species" of birds, not specifically chickens Adequate sedation for lateral recumbency NON- Xylazine IM, IV 8 Raptor/psittacine dose Flunixin 1-10 IM, IV SID 10, 11 3 IM 8 Chicken-arthritis behaviors reduced 1 hr after treatment Carprofen 2-4 PO, SC BID 1 1 SC 8 Chickens-improved locomotion for at least 90 min post-injection 30 IM, IV 8 Chicken-arthritis painful behaviors reduced 1 hr posttreatment only with this high 10

11 dose 40 BW in feed In feed 8 Chickens-dosage required to reach similar mammalian therapeutic plasma concentrations Meloxicam 0.5 IV PO, IM SID 8 Raptor/psittacine dose Ketoprofen 5-10 IM IM 8 Chickens-reduced arthritic pain behvaiors for 12 hr ANESTHETIC ANTAGONIST Naloxone 2 IV q hrs 8, 11 Yohimbine 0.1 IM Atipamezole ug/kg IM IV 8 For "most species" of birds, not specifically chickens For "most species" of birds, not specifically chickens Swine Formulary Atropine 0.05 IM, SC IV 9 Glycopyrolate IM, SC 9 Acepromazine SC, IM, IV 2 Used as an adjunct to anesthesia SC, IM, IV 9 Ketamine IM IV /h Infusion 9 Ketamine/Xylazine 20/2 IM, SC 9 Ketamine/Diazepam 15-20/2 IM, SC 9 33 Ketamine/Midazolam /500 IM, SC 9 ug/kg 33/1.5 IV /h Infusion 9 Ketamine/Acepromazine 33/1.1 IM, SC 9 Ketamine/Dexmedetomidine10/0.2 IM 9 Telazol IM 9 Not typically given as a sole agent in swine 11

12 Reconstitute telazole with 2.5 ml xylazine (100 mg/ml) ml sterlie Telazol/Xylazine 4.4/2.2 IM 9 saline; administer at 2.2 IM based on 50 mg/ml Telazol/Dexemedetomidine 4.4/0.04 Telazol/Ketamine/Xylazine 4.4/2.2/2.2 Propofol IM 9 IM 9 IV 2, IV /h IV infusion Etomidate 4-8 IV 9 Isoflurane To effect Inhalation 9 *Note: the reconstitution directions above do not appear in Swindle 3rd edition Used for induction and followed by incremental IV boluses Used for induction, or in combination with ketamine for CRI anesthesia Morphine 2.2 SC/IM q. 4 hrs 9 Buprenorphine IM, SC BID/TID 2, IM, SC BID/TID 4 Butorphanol IM, SC q. 4-6 hrs IM, SC BID/TID 9 Oxymorphone 0.15 IM, SC q. 4 hrs (IM), BID/TID 2 5 ug/kg/h Fentanyl transdermal (highly patches variable) Topical 9 Tramadol 1-4 PO TID 9 Up to 20 mg total dose. Can cause excitement. Has a short half-life NON- Aspirin PO q. 4 hrs PO QID 9 Flunixin 1-4 SC/IM q hrs 2, 9 Phenylbutazone PO BID PO BID 9 Carprofen 2-4 PO, SC SID (SC), BID 9 (PO) Meloxicam SC SID 2, 9 Banamine-S Ketoprofen 1-3 IM, SC, BID 9 12

13 Ketorolac 1 PO IM, SC, PO BID 9 LOCAL Morphine 0.1 Epidural 9 Lumbosacral Lidocaine ANESTHETIC ANTAGONIST Naloxone IV 2, 9 Reverses opioids IV, IM, SC 9 Nalbuphine 1-2 IV, IM 9 Partial reversal of opioids Yohimbine 1 IV 9 Reverses xylazine Atipamezole 1 IM, SC 9 Reverses alpha-2 agonists 0.24 IV 9 Primate Formulary DOSE ROUTE FREQUENCY REFERENCENOTES Atropine 0.04 IM Once prior to inhalant anesthesia 13 ANESTHESIA Ketamine 5-30 IM 13 Dexmedetomidine IM 13 Isoflurane 0.5-3% Inhalation 13 Reverse with Atipamazole at volume equal to that of dexmedetomidine administered ANALGESIA Oxymorphone 0.15 IM TID 13 Buprenorphine IM BID-TID 13 Ketoprofen 1-2 IM SID 13 Small Ruminants Acepromazine IM 3, 12 Diazepam IV (slow) IM, SC 12 As an adjunct to anesthesia As an adjunct to anesthesia Ketamine 2-4 IV 12 Sheep/goat 22 SC, IM 12 Sheep/goat 11 SC, IM 12 Goat 13

14 Telazol 2-6 IM (5.5 anesthesia for 100 min) IV 12 Propofol 2-8 (induction) IV to effect 12 Sheep/goat /hour (maintenance) IV 12 Sheep/goat 3-5 IV to effect 12 Goat Isoflurane To effect Inhalation Morphine IM q. 4 hrs IV q. 12 hrs epidural Epidural 24 hours duration 12 Buprenorphine SQ q. 6 hrs IM, IV q hrs 12 Butorphanol 0.5 SC q. 6 hrs IV, IM q. 2-4 hrs 12 NON- Xylazine IM, IV 3, 12 Use with extreme caution! NSAID'S Flunixin meglumine IV, IM q. 24 hrs 3, PO q. 24 hrs 3, SC q. 12 hrs 12 Meloxicam 0.5 IV q. 12 hrs 3 Sheep 0.5 IV q. 8 hrs 3 Goats 2 first day, taper to 1 PO q. 24 hr 3 Sheep 0.5 PO, IM q. 24 hr 3 Goats LOCAL Lidocaine 0.05 Infiltration 12 1 ml of 2%/50kg Epidural Epidural 12 1 Intrapleural 12 Bupivacaine 0.05 Tissue inflitration, epidural 12 1 % Intrapleural 12 ANESTHETIC ANTAGONIST Naloxone IV to effect 12 Yohimbine IV IM 12 Reverses opioids Reverses xylazine 14

15 Horse Formulary DOSE ROUTEFREQUENCY REFERENCENOTES PRE-MEDICATION Atropine IV Once prior to inhalant anesthesia 3 SEDATION/CHEMICAL RESISTANT Xylazine 1.1 IV IM 3 Detomidine IV, IM 3 Oxymorphone IV, IM 3 Buprenorphine 0.01 IV 3 NON- Flunixin meglumine Phenylbutazone gm/454 kg 4.4 first dose, then 2.2 IV, IM, SID 3 Up to 5 days maximum PO IV, IM, Up to 5 days maximum, do SID 3 PO not exceed 4 gm/day PO BID 3 Ferret Formulary PRE-MEDICATION Atropine SC, IM, IV 4, 8 Glycopyrolate 0.01 SC, IM 4, 8 Acepromazine SC, IM 4, 8 Diazepam SC, IM 4, 8 Ketamine Ketamine/Xylazine /1-6 Ketamine/Butorphanol/Xylazine 15/0.2/2 Telazol IM 4, 8 IM 4, 8 IM 3 IM 3 Propofol 1-8 IV 3, 8 Isoflurane To effect Inhalation 15

16 Morphine SC, IM, IV q. 3-4 hrs 3, 8 May vomit, bradycardia and respiratory depression if >0.5 Buprenophine SC, IM, IV q. 6-8 hrs 3, 8 Butorphanol SC, IM, IV q. 1-2 hrs 3, 8 NON- Flunixin PO, SC, IM, IV q. 24 hrs 4, 8 Ketoprofen 1-3 SC, IM, IV, PO q. 24 hrs 3, 8 Carprofen 1-5 SC, IM, IV, PO q. 24 hrs 3, 8 Meoxicam 0.2 SC, IM, IV, PO q. 24 hrs 3, 8 Contact Campus Veterinary Services lahc@ucdavis.edu Related content 1. Protocols and Amendments for Animal Care and Use 2. IACUC Policies and Guidelines 3. Occupational Health and Animals 4. Successfully Managing Animal Care and Use Studies to meet IACUC Compliance 5. VMTH Clinical Trials 6. Additional Sites & Resources - IACUC 7. Campus Attending Veterinarian 8. Forms & Templates - IACUC 9. IACUC - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQS) 10. Information for Visiting Researchers, Non-UC Davis Collaborators, Volunteers and Students Regarding the UC Davis Animal Care and Use Program 11. Links and References - Animals External links 1. Amendments & Protocols [2] 16

NIH Anesthesia/Analgesia Formulary

NIH Anesthesia/Analgesia Formulary The following pages provide tables of drugs commonly used at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for pre-anesthesia, anesthesia, analgesia, sedation, tranquilization,