Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in pigs, the Spanish experience

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in pigs, the Spanish experience"

Allyson Hunter
6 years ago
Views:

1 Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in pigs, the Spanish experience M. Concepción Porrero, José-Francisco Fernández- Garayzabal, Ana Mateos and Lucas Domínguez Food-borne Zoonoses and Antimicrobial Resistance Unit VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, UCM Birmingham, UK November 12 th 2013

2 Staphylococcus aureus Microbiota Host range Clinical infections

β-lactams http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/file:beta-lactam.

3 β-lactams PBPs penicillin-binding proteins

4 Methicillin resistant S. aureus Penicillin and cephalosporin resistance

4. Family members 5. Occupational activities 1. Isolates non-typable by PFGE 2. t108/st398 3.

6-month-old girl before thoracic surgery.

5 4. Family members 5. Occupational activities 1. Isolates non-typable by PFGE 2. t108/st tet-r In July 2004, we unexpectedly found MRSA in the preoperative screening cultures of a 6-month-old girl before thoracic surgery. February 2005, 2 new cases of MRSA were identified, one in a pig farmer from a different region and one in the son of a veterinarian who worked mostly with pigs.

7 Reference Sampling Detection spa type MLST de Neeling et al., 2007 Nasal swabs 39% pigs; 81%=farms; 100% slaughterhouses t011, t108 and t1254 ST398 Guardabassi et al., 2007 Nasal swabs 2/3 farms t034 (n = 9) and t1793 (n = 1) ST398 van Duijkeren et al., 2008 Nasal swabs 35/310 pigs (11%) t011, t108, t567, t899 and t1939 ST398 Khanna et al., 2008 Nasal and rectal swabs 9/20 farms (45%); 71/285 pigs (24.9%) t034, t571, t002, t067, t653

8 Baseline study (2008/55/EC) Breeding holdings Dust (at farms) EFSA Journal 2009; 7(11):1376

9 Different prevalence/ms Mainly ST398 EFSA Journal 2009; 7(11):1376

10 VAV Network Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance in bacteria from animal origin in Spain

11 Monitoring programmes At slaughterhouse Slaughterhouse selection Capacity Geographical distribution Randomly selected batches One sample/batch One batch/farm Samples: skin swabs (ear)

12 Isolation and identification Swabs MH NaCl 6.5% spa TSB (FOX&ATM) Chromogenic media PVL mecc meca Identification (PCR)

13 Characterization spa typing Protein A (spa gene) 24pb repeats (insertions, delections, mutation) Short term evolution t127 GCACCAAAA TACATGTCGT t011 GCACCAAAA TACATGTCGT t034 GCACCAAAA TACATGTCGT t1451 GCACCAAAA TACATGTCGT Harmsen et al. 2003

14 Characterization MLST(Multi Locus Sequence Typing) 7 housekeeping genes Long term evolution Allelic profile ST= Sequence Type ST arcc aroe glpf gmk_ pta_ tpi_ yqil MLST genes arcc aroe glpf gmk pta tpi yqil Carbamate kinase Shikimate dehydrogenase Glycerol kinase Guanylate kinase Phosphate acetyltransferase Triosephosphate isomerase Acetyl coenzyme A acetyltransferase Enright et al. 2000

15 Fattening pigs at slaughterhouses t t693 t4885 t4884 t4874 t4873 t4872 t4871 t1456 t1451 t1344 t127 t1197 t108 t034 t /263 (60.8%) Most ST

16 Breeding pigs at farms (baseline study) /361 (49.0%) Most ST t011 t034 8 t108 t t1255 t127 1 t1344 t1451 t1456 t t2330 t4872 t567

17 Fattening pigs at slaughterhouses /276 (57.6%) Most ST t011 t034 t108 t1197 t1255 t127 t1451 t4872 t588

18 Iberian pigs and standard white pigs

150 100 50 0 83% 27 130 32% 25% 34 42 16 14 SWP Ipc Ipm Positive Negative SWP Ipc Ipm t011 97 13 12 t034 1 0 0 t108 16 1 1 t1197 0 1 0 t127 1

19 % % 25% SWP Ipc Ipm Positive Negative SWP Ipc Ipm t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t

21 Small ruminants Mastitis: MSSA; most prevalent ST522, ST133

22 Wild animals Cervus elaphus Hunted or box-trapped Nares & skin (EGV*nares) N. Navarro Gyps fulvus Capra pyrenaica G. Mentaberre Sus scrofa G. Mentaberre J. Baucells

23 Natural parks Feeding point Game estates Eurasian griffon vulture Iberian ibex Wild boar Red deer Red deer Iberian ibex Wild boar Eurasian griffon vulture TOTAL Samples Nasal swabs Skin swabs a Other b 4 4 ND c 2 2 Tested animals a. Skin swabs were taken from retro-auricular area in red deer and wild boar and from inguinal-mammal area in Iberian ibex; b. Exceptionally, Iberian ibex were sampled on ear (n=2) and retro-auricular skin (n=2); c. ND: not determined

24 Red deer Iberian ibex Wild boar Eurasian griffon vulture TOTAL Tested animals Positive animals % (CI) (0.01,2.02) (0.11,3.37) (0.35,1.76) (0.61,16.92) (0.46,1.56) Isolates Nasal swabs Skin swabs Genotype (n) ST398-t011 (1) ST398-t011 (1) ST398-t011 (6) ST398-t011 (2) ST398-t1451 (1) ST1-t127 (2) CI: Exact 95% Fisher's confidence interval P=0.083

25 Eurasian griffon vulture Iberian ibex Wild boar Red deer

mecc Expanding the presence of Staphylococcus aureus carrying mecc gene: Spanish emergence in wild

Concepción Porrero a, Arancha Valverde a, Pedro Fernández-Llario b, Alberto Díez- Guerrier a, Ana Mateos

Swabs/Water samples n=361 isolates Livestock (n=39) Wild animals (n=254) Urban effluents (n=68) Cattle

26 mecc Expanding the presence of Staphylococcus aureus carrying mecc gene: Spanish emergence in wild animals and urban effluents M. Concepción Porrero a, Arancha Valverde a, Pedro Fernández-Llario b, Alberto Díez- Guerrier a, Ana Mateos a, Santiago Lavín c, Rafael Cantón d, José-Francisco Fernández- Garayzabal a, and Lucas Domínguez a, * Swabs/Water samples n=361 isolates Livestock (n=39) Wild animals (n=254) Urban effluents (n=68) Cattle (n=5) Fattening pigs (n=34) Eurasian griffon vulture (n=2) Fallow deer (n=2) Iberian ibex (n=39) Mouflon (n=2) Red deer (n=61) Wild boar (n=148) Urban water (n=68) Identification (PCR)

27 mecc positives isolates Animal species (Isolates tested) mecc-carrying S. aureus spa type MLST CC AST profile Fallow deer (n=2) 2 t11212 t11212 ST425 ST425 CC425 CC425 PEN -FOX PEN Wild boar (n=148) Urban effluents (n=68) 1 t11212 ST425 CC425 PEN-FOX 1 t843 ST2676 CC130 PEN-ERY *MLST: Multi Locus Sequence Typing. CC: Clonal Complex. AST: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. PEN: Benzylpenicillin. FOX: Cefoxitin.

28 MRSA vs MSSA n=635 isolates Reservoir Animal Species MRSA MSSA Total meca mecc n % n % n Wild animal Griffon vulture ,0 2 50,0 4 Fallow deer ,0 0 0,0 1 Iberian ibex , ,7 38 Mouflon , ,0 2 Red deer , ,3 58 Wild boar , ,8 145 Livestock Cattle ,3 5 41,7 12 Fattening pigs , ,6 206 Urban water Urban effluent , ,0 172 MRSA: methicillin resistant S. aureus; MSSA: methicillin susceptible S. aureus

29 Simpson's Index of Diversity Simpson s Index of Diversity and 95% confidence intervals 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 UW MSSA WA MSSA LA MSSA UW MRSA WA MRSA LA MRSA (Carrico, Silva-Costa et al. 2006)

30 ST2328 ST5 ST425 ST581 ST1 ST133 ST2671 ST2637 ST1643 ST350 ST522 ST130 ST2681 ST398 ST188 ST2639 ST2640 ST2675 ST15 ST2641 ST2672 ST2673 ST2678 ST2682 ST2729 ST30 ST MRSA livestock (n=184) MSSA livestock (n=34) 0 ST398 ST MRSA wild animals (n=15) ST398 ST1 ST MSSA wild animals (n=233) MRSA_mecA MRSA_mecC MRSA urban water (n=102) ST125 ST22 ST5 ST1 ST1094 ST72 ST2674 ST398 ST2676 MRSA_mecA MRSA_mecC MSSA urban water (n=67)

31 MSSA Pigs SCCmec MRSA Pigs?? - Water - Iberian pigs - Other domestic animals MSSA MRSA Wild animals Wild animals MSSA MRSA Urban water Urban water

MRSA surveillance 2014: Poultry

Vicky Jasson MRSA surveillance 2014: Poultry 1. Introduction In the framework of the FASFC surveillance, a surveillance of MRSA in poultry has been executed in order to determine the prevalence and diversity