DPR Urban Water Monitoring And Pyrethroid Regulations

Transcription

1 DPR Urban Water Monitoring And Pyrethroid Regulations Robert Budd, PhD Environmental Monitoring Branch Department of Pesticide Regulation March 3-5, 2015

2 Urban Monitoring

3 Objective 1: What Pesticides are in Surface Water?

4 Prioritization Model

5 Model Output Pesticide Use (lbs) Use score BM Tox score Final score Recom Permethrin 27, TRUE Bifenthrin 27, TRUE Cyfluthrin 8, TRUE Diuron 21, TRUE Fipronil 8, TRUE Diquat 6, FALSE Pendimethalin 19, TRUE Chlorothalonil 13, FALSE Bromacil 12, TRUE Prodiamine 6, TRUE Cypermethrin 4, TRUE Sulfometuron 2, TRUE Carbaryl 2, TRUE Flumioxazin 1, FALSE Oxyfluorfen 1, TRUE Malathion 1, TRUE Lambda-cyhalothrin TRUE Triclopyr 16, TRUE Oryzalin 12, TRUE Imidacloprid 7, TRUE Acrolein 4, FALSE Halosulfuron-methyl 2, FALSE Chlorfenapyr 1, TRUE

6 Most Prevalent Pesticides in California Urban Surface Waters ( ) 100 Insecticides 100 Herbicides Frequency of Detction (%) Frequency of Detction (%)

7 Objective 2: Regional Differences DPR Sites

8 Regional Differences Detection Frequency (%) NorCal SoCal 0

9 Objective 3: Seasonal Differences Dry Season Rain Event

10 Seasonal Differences Dry extended period of no precipitation Rain first flush, winter rain

11 Dry Season vs. Storm Monitoring 60 Storm FD (%) - Dry FD (%) Storm > Dry Dry > Storm -10 Dicamba Cyfluthrin 2,4-D Permethrin Diuron Bifenthrin Fipronil Malathion Oryzalin Triclopyr Deltamethrin L-cyhalothrin Cypermethrin MCPA Carbaryl Desulfinyl fipronil Imidacloprid Fipronil sulfone Pendimethalin Fipronil amide Pesticide detections more common in storm runoff

12 Objective 4: Stormdrain Outfalls and Receiving Waters Receiving Water Stormdrain outfalls

13 Stormdrain vs. Receiving Water Concentrations % > Benchmark Frequency Detections Percent of Samples SD RW SD RW SD RW SD RW SD RW Bifenthrin 2,4-D Triclopyr Fipronil Imidacloprid SD = Stormdrain RW = Receiving Water

14 Objective 5: Toxic to Aquatic Species? Euglenozoans Dinoflagellates Ceriodaphnia dubia Rainbow Trout Green algae Hyalella azteca Diatoms Copepods

15 Objective 5 - Toxicity US EPA Aquatic Benchmarks UCD Aquatic Health Program - Hyalella azteca survival

16 Potential Toxicity Concentration (µg/l) Bifenthrin Fipronil Fipronil sulfone Imidacloprid EPA Minimum Benchmark Value

17 Aquatic Toxicity 100 H. azteca H. azteca % Survival NorCal SoCal Dry Storm Dry Storm H. azteca Toxicity Tests Indicate Pyrethroids at Toxic Levels in Surface Waters

18 Pyrethroid Regulations

19 Pyrethroid Use Pyrethroids Diazinon Chlorpyrifos Urban Pesticide Use (lb ai x 1000) SW Regs Use increased as a replacement for OPs Homeowner use not reported

20 Pyrethroid Detections 100 Detection Frequency (%) Pyrethroids Detected At High Frequency Throughout State

21 Pyrethroids Around California Pyrethroids detected throughout state by several research agencies

22 Pyrethroid Toxicity* 1.00 OPP BM 0.50 Mean Bifenthrin Cyfluthrin Cypermethrin Deltamethrin L-cyhalothrin Permethrin Concentration ( g/l Pyrethroid Concentrations at Levels Potentially Toxic to Aquatic Species *Samples collected at stormdrains

23 Justification for Regulations Pyrethroids have high runoff potential from urban areas Urban hardscapes impervious surfaces Storm drain systems

24 Surface Water Regulations Enacted July, 2012 Professional applicators, including landscape maintenance Objective: reduce amount of pyrethroids applied (and therefore runoff) in urban landscapes

25 Pesticides Affected Bifenthrin Bioallethrin S-Bioallethrin Cyfluthrin Beta-cyfluthrin Prallethrin Lambda-cyhalothrin Cypermethrin Deltamethrin Esfenvalerate Fenpropathrin Tau-fluvalinate Permethrin Phenothrin Gamma-cyhalothrin Resmethrin Tetramethrin

26 2 ft Pin Stream Vertical Horizontal Garage Perimeter Door Impervious* Pervious; - Vertical; Spray; 2 ft Pin (Driveway, 2 up ft Stream from buffer foundation to Sidewalk) impervious Crack Spot & 1inch Pin Stream * Including adjacent buffer zone 2 ft Crevice diameter 1 in. 2 ft Only Spray When See Evidence Of Pests!

27 Prohibited applications Rainfall Standing water Aquatic Habitat (25 ft. down gradient) Storm/French Drain Curbside Gutters Unprotected termiticide

28 Take home message Minimize applications to impervious surfaces Only spray driveways and sidewalks when pest present Don t spray when rain is predicted Know and follow pyrethroid regulations!

29 Questions? For further information presented, see: Surface water pyrethroid regulations,