First there was Staphylococcus intermedius.

Transcription

1 What is Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Andrew Hillier BVSc, MACVSc, Dipl. ACVD The Ohio State University First there was Staphylococcus intermedius. Hillier Cremona March

2 Then came Staphylococcus schleiferi. Then came Staphylococcus schleiferi. Hillier Cremona March

3 Then came Staphylococcus schleiferi. Then came Staphylococcus schleiferi. Hillier Cremona March

4 Then came Staphylococcus schleiferi. And finally Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Hillier Cremona March

5 And finally Staphylococcus pseudintermedius And finally Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Hillier Cremona March

6 And finally Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Hillier Cremona March

7 DOGS S. intermedius = S. pseudintermedius Staphylococci causing pyoderma S. pseudintermedius is the primary pathogen S. aureus S. schleiferi S. schleiferi coagulans? S. intermedius Pathogen of wild pigeons Coagulase Staph. S. epidermidis S. sciuri S. schleiferi schleiferi? Hillier Cremona March

8 Differentiating the Staph. species Coagulase test (+ or ) Colony characteristics S. aureus vs. S. pseudintermedius vs. S. schleiferi S. pseudintermedius vs. S. schleiferi coagulans Automated ID systems?? Specific biochemical tests VP test and sugar fermentation Molecular techniques (PCR) IS THIS IMPORTANT? WHO CARES? Speciation: METHICILLIN RESISTANCE Species does not alter AMD treatment BUT, species will alter How methicillin resistance is interpreted in vitro Public health implications MRSA significant human pathogen MRSP + MRSS rare human pathogen Infection control measures Hillier Cremona March

9 Staphylococci at carriage sites Primary carriage sites Staphylococci at carriage sites Other (secondary) carriage sites Hillier Cremona March

10 Dogs with pyoderma: Staphylococci at carriage sites Dogs with pyoderma: larger populations at nasal and anal sites than normal dogs Hillier Cremona March

11 AJVR 67 (8) 2006; dogs with superficial bacterial folliculitis Bacterial culture from: 3 pustules 3 carriage sites Anal Nasal Unaffected axillary skin PFGE 6 S. intermedius isolates Site ST P1 P2 P3 AR AX NM ST Lane Lanes 3, 5, 6, and 7 had the same PFGE pattern. Lanes 2 and 4 had different PFGE patterns. Hillier Cremona March

12 Dogs with pyoderma: Staph. at carriage sites genotypically related to Staph. in pustules (94.4% of dogs) (Pinchbeck et al, 2006) Hillier Cremona March

13 Staphylococci at carriage sites following treatment of superficial pyoderma: Hillier et al, NAVDF April dogs treated with cefpodoxime proxetil (Simplicef ) to resolution of infection 3 carriage sites cultured before and immediately after antibiotic therapy Were Staph. still present at carriage sites after antibiotics? If so, were they the same strain? Post resolution of pyoderma: Staph. at carriage site 14/18 dogs Same Staph. as in pustules pretreatment 7/18 dogs (Hillier et al, 2007) Hillier Cremona March

14 Post resolution of pyoderma: Anal mucosa more often positive culture than other carriage sites posttreatment (Hillier et al, 2007) Dogs with pyoderma with Staphylococci at carriage sites Hillier Cremona March

15 Dogs with pyoderma with Staphylococci at carriage sites 1. Do they keep getting reinfected from carriage sites? 2. Traditionally, prevent recurrence by controlling underlying disease (allergy etc.) 3. Should we be treating carriage sites as well as the active infection? Hillier Cremona March

16 Staph. Virulence Hillier Cremona March

17 Hillier Cremona March