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1 E.Coli mesometrium 1,,,, 60%. 5 broad round anoestrus 6- estrus 6 clitoris ovarian artery 9 urogenital artery vulva suspensory mesovarium 7 9 E.Coli mesosalpinx

2 iu E. coli inverting cushing suture (Inverting cushing suture) 1

3 urinary incontinence p.m (ligation ) (1) () () () (5) (6) (7) (8) 15, 16, 17, 18 16, cat gut 1, 1, 1 19, 0, 1 urinary bladder sphincter, 15 function. Berge,E.and Westhues,M.(1977). Veterinary Operative Surgery.medical book company, Copenhagen.Denmark. pp.1. Bojrab, M.J.; Gary, W. and Barclay, S. (1998). Current Techniques in Small Animal Surgery. th ed Asheim,A.(196). Renal function in dogs with pyometra.acta Path Microbiol

4 1. Osborne CA,polzin D.J(1979). Canine estrogen responsive incontinence :an enigma.dvm.10: 1. Pearson H.;Gibbs G.(1980). Urinary incontinence in the dog due to accidental vaginoureteral fistulation during hysterectomy. J small Anim pract 1: Pearson H.(197). The complications of ovariohysterectomy in bitch.j small Anim pract. 1: Spackmann,C.J.;caywood,D. D; Johnston, G.B.(198): Granulomas of the uterine and ovarian stumps :a case report.j.am Anim Hosp Assoc 0: Choi,W.p.and Kawata,k (1975). Group of Escherichia coli from canine and feline pyometra. Jpn. J. vet.res.: Milasinovic, L.; Cetkovic,N.; Radeka,G.; Bingold,B.;Petrovic, D.;Orelj, M.(1996). Post operative infection as an indication for hysterectomy after cesarean section. Med- pregl.9 (5-6 ) :1-19. Dhaliwal, G.K.;England,G.C ; Noakes, D.E.(1999). Oestrogen and progesterone receptors in the uterine wall of bitches with cystic endometrial hyperplasia/ pyometera.vet-rec.16;15 (16): Dow,c. (1958). The cystic hyperplasia pyometra complex in the bitch.vet Rec Dow,c. (1957). The cystic hyperplasia pyometra complex in the bitch.vet Rec private practice lasvegas Nevada. PP Markowitz, j.; Archibald, J. and Downe,H.G (196).Experimental Surgery.5 th ed.,williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore U.S.A. PP Stocklin Gautschi,N.M.;Hassig,M.; Reichler,I.M ; Hubler,M.; Arnold,S.(001). The relationship of urinary incontinence to early spaying in bitches.j- Reprod- fertil suppl.57: Farton,J.w.;Withrow,S.G (1981). Canine mammary neoplsia an over view.calif Vet;7:1. 8. Sisson,S.B.(1969). Genital Organs of the bitch.the Anatomy of The Domestic Animals. PP Lacroix,J.V.(1959).Canine Surgery. th ed.by Mayer,K. American veterinary publications,inc.california,u.s. A pp AlSadi, R.N. ( 1987 ). The use of Ketamine Xylazine combination as a general anesthesia in dogs. M.Sc. thesis /College of Vet. Med. Baghdad. 11. Archibald,J.(197).Canine Surgery.nd ed..american veterinary publications, Inc. California, U.S.A.pp Berzon J.L (1979). Complications of elective ovariohysterectomy in the dog and cat at a teaching institution: A clinical review of 85 cases.vet Surgery.8:89. 7

5 A Comparison between ligation and Parker Kerr ovariohysterectomy techniques in prevention of postoperative infection in Bitches. A. S. S. Hamza Coll. of Vet. Med /Univ. of Al- Qadisiya Abstract A study was performed to compare between ligation and Parker-Kerr overiohysterectomy techniques in prevention of postoperative infection in eight bitches of local breeds, E. coli was injected inside the uterus to induce pyometra in the endometrium after opening the uterine cervix which was induced by estrogen injection one day before the induction of infection, seven days later ovariohysterectomy was performed for four bitches by using the ligation technique, while the other four Parker- Kerr technique were used. The animals were killed kindly after seven days of performing the surgical operation and postmortem examination was done to compare between the surgical operation results by the two techniques as concern to the postoperative adhesions and possible infections. There was no difference between the two techniques in the presence of adhesions between the uterine stump with other organs inside the abdominal cavity, and there was no postoperative infection in both techniques. 8

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