Commonly Used Analgesics

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1 Commonly Used Analgesics The following analgesics are intended for general use in the species of laboratory animals commonly used at NEOUCOM. The animals genetic background and other factors may have a profound effect on the efficacy, safety, and incidence of side effects of these agents in these species. Although most of the information below is taken from published reports, some is based upon the clinical experience of other investigators. Other less commonly used analgesics and combinations are available for use in the listed species and others. Blank entries indicate that no information was identified for use of the analgesic agent in the species indicated or that the agent is not well suited for the species. Please feel free to contact the office at extension 6555 for other agents and additional information regarding effects, mode of action, metabolism, and side effects. LEGEND: - Intramuscularly IV - Intravenously - Per os (by mouth) SC - Subcutaneously ANALGESIC COMMENTS SPECIES: Acetaminophen Amitriptyline Aspirin orally for short term mild pain Tricyclic antidepressant,, indicated for chronic pain Nonsteroidal anti- Inflammatory drug (NSAID), orally for short term mild pain Contraindicated IP or SC , use enteric coated tablets IP or SC every

2 Bupivacaine Local anesthetic, up to hour duration, 0.25, 0.50, & 0.75% solutions available, usually 0.25% used for & 0.5% for nerve block of incision of incision Buprenorphine SQ SC every SC ; Rec initial dose SC, or IV IP or SC Butorphanol. Provides moderate analgesia 0.4 every SC every SC IV SC every 2-4 Carprofen orally incl., in jelly or jello, available in an form in Europe SC

3 Fentanyl Flunixin or transdermal patch, may not be as effective in rodents as thought 50 microgram per hour patch for a kg dog, lasts 3 days, other sizes available 1 IV every 24 (limit to 2 days) Ibuprofen NSAID 10 every 4 Imipramine Tricyclic antidepressant,, indicated for chronic pain Not recommen ded IP every 2 ; or 50 to 100 microgram patches per 25 kg pig, lasts 3 days. 1.1 SC, Not recommended every Ketoprofen NSAID;by ; limited clinical experience;gi bleeding reported. 1-2 IP or Intranasally 3 5 up to 3 days 3 up to 2 days SC up to 3 days

4 Lidocaine Local anesthetic, short acting, 0.5%, 1% or 2% solutions usually used (Approximate 2 hour duration) and and and and of incision and of incision Meloxicam Non-steroidal antiinflammatory 0.1 then 0.05 Use liquid formulation 0.3 or SC then 0.1 per day 0.5 Dilute to 0.5 mg/ml and give 1 SC or. Dilute to 0.5 mg/ml and give 1 SC. Can also use oral suspension or diluted orally at same dose. Meperidine, less potent than morphine, sedation and depression every 3-4 every every 3 every 2-3

5 Morphine Oxymorphone Pentazocine, sedation and depression Opiate, minimal depression in dogs and excellent analgesia Opiate ed by or 0.1-6, higher doses may cause profound excitement 2-3 mg per kg SC, or IV every SC, or IV every or SC 2-10 every every 3-4 Not recommended every SC, more depression in rats than morphine 10 SC

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