Anti-infection Agents

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Anti-infection Agents"

Transcription

1

2 Pisutam (Lyo) Lyo for Inj. 2.25g 1 Pisutam (Lyo) Lyo for Inj. 4.5g 1 Pisutam Pow. for Inj. 2.25g 1 Pisutam Pow. for Inj. 4.5g 2 Picillina Pow. for Inj. 2g 2 Picillina Pow. for Inj. 4g 2 Ocillina Pow. for Inj. 0.5g 3 Ocillina Pow. for Inj. 1g 3 PenicillinV Tab U 3 Ansullina Pow. for Inj. 1.5g 4 Anbicyn Pow. for Inj. 0.6g 4 Anbicyn Pow. for Inj. 1.2g 4 Anbicyn F.C. Tablets 375mg 5 Anbicyn F.C.Tablets 625mg 5 Amoxicillin Cap. 500mg 5 Supecef Pow. for Inj. 0.5g 6 Supecef Pow. for Inj. 1g 6 Cefuroxime Pow. for Inj. 750mg 6 Tatumcef Pow. for Inj 0.5g 7 Tatumcef Pow. for Inj 1g 7 Tatumcef Pow. For Inj. 2g 7 Colirocin FCT. 250mg 8 Teicod Lyophilized 200 mg 9 Lyo-Vancin Lyophilized 500 mg 9 Myron Pow. for Inj. 0.25g 10 Myron Pow. for Inj. 0.5g 10

3 Culin Pow. for Inj. 0.25g 10 Culin Pow. for Inj. 0.5g 11 Leflodal F. C. Tab. 500 mg 12 Leflodal F. C. Tab. 100mg 12 Leflodal I.V. Solution 500mg/V 12 Ciflodal F.C. Tablets 500 mg 13 Oflodal F.C. Tablets 100mg 13 Azol-flucon I.V. Injection 2 mg/ml 14 Azol-flucon CAP. 50mg 14 Lisim Tab. 250mg 14 Acylete Tab. 400mg 15 Acylete Tab. 200mg 15 Sulbactam Pow. for Inj. 500mg 16 Clindamycin Cap. 150mg 16 Clindamycin Inj. 300mg 16 Hand Sanitizer Gel 60ml 17 Hand Sanitizer Gel 500ml 17 Hand Sanitizer Gel 3.8L 17 Anti-A Solution Solution 500ml 18 Hand Sanitizer Solution 500ml 18

4 Penicillins Pisutam (Lyo) R57 Lyo for Inj. 2.25g Pisutam (Lyo) R59 Lyo for Inj. 4.5g Pisutam K44 Pow. for Inj. 2.25g PIP-TZ PIP-TZ PIP-TZ Moderate to severe infections caused B-lactamase producing bacterial strains that aresusceptible to Piperacillin, have resistance to Piperacillin,but are susceptible to Piperacillin/Tazobactam. Moderate to severe infections caused B-lactamase producing bacterial strains that aresusceptible to Piperacillin, have resistance to Piperacillin,but are susceptible to Piperacillin/Tazobactam. Moderate to severe infections caused B-lactamase producing bacterial strains that aresusceptible to Piperacillin, have resistance to Piperacillin,but are susceptible to Piperacillin/Tazobactam. 2.25GM*10V AC510362CX 4.5GM*10V AC GM*10V AC466872CX

5 Penicillins Pisutam Picillina Picillina K51 K36 K37 Pow. for Inj. Pow. for Inj. Pow. for Inj. 4.5g 2g 4g PIP-TZ Piperacillin Piperacillin Moderate to severe infections caused B-lactamase producing bacterial strains that are susceptible to Piperacillin, have resistance to Piperacillin, but are susceptible to Piperacillin/Tazobactam. Systemic and local infections caused by gram negative and positive anaerobic bacteria and obligate aerobic bacteria. Systemic and local infections caused by gram negative and positive anaerobic bacteria and obligate aerobic bacteria. 4.5GM*10V AC GM*10V AC GM*10V AC

6 Penicillins Ocillina Ocillina PenicillinV K54 K53 D16 Pow. for Inj. Pow. for Inj. Tab. 0.5g 1g U Oxacillin Oxacillin Penicillin Infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Meningococcus, and other susceptible bacteria. Infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Meningococcus, and other susceptible bacteria. All symptoms caused by microbes susceptible to Penicillin.(Please IPC) 0.5GM*25V AC GM*10V AC C/PTP/1000C/BTL NC024791G0

7 Penicillins Ansullina K38 Pow. for Inj. 1.5g Anbicyn P31 Pow. for Inj. 0.6g Anbicyn P30 Pow. for Inj. 1.2g Ampicillin/Subactam Amox/Clav Amox/Clav Infectious diseases induced by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, E.coli, Klebsiela..(Please see IPC) Infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Meningococcus, and other susceptible bacteria. Infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Meningococcus, and other susceptible bacteria. 1.5GM*10V AC MG*10V AC GM*10V AC

8 Penicillins Anbicyn Anbicyn Amoxicillin E111 E103 B32 F.C. Tablets F.C.Tablets Cap. 375mg 625mg 500mg Amox/Clav Amox/Clav Amoxicillin Infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Meningococcus, and other susceptible bacteria. Infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Meningococcus, and other susceptible bacteria. Infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptococcuspneumonia, Meningococcus, and other susceptible bacteria. 100T/PTP AC T/PTP AC C/BTL AC /AC241321G0

9 Cephalosporins Supecef Supecef Cefuroxime K55 K58 K25 Pow. for Inj. Pow. for Inj. Pow. for Inj. 0.5g 1g 750mg Cefepime Cefepime Cefuroxime Infectious diseases caused by bacteria susceptible to Cefepime. Infectious diseases caused by bacteria susceptible to Cefepime. Infectious diseases 0.5GM*10V A GM*10V A MG*25V A

10 Cephalosporins Tatumcef Tatumcef Tatumcef K28 K31 K32 Pow. for Inj Pow. for Inj Pow. For Inj. 0.5g 1g 2g Ceftazidime Ceftazidime Ceftazidime It is a cephalosporin antibiotic, in resistant to ESBL, and is effective against both G (+)(-). It is a cephalosporin antibiotic, in resistant to ESBL, and is effective against both G (+)(-). It is a cephalosporin antibiotic, in resistant to ESBL, and is effective against both G (+)(-). 0.5GM*10V A GM*5V A GM*1V A

11 Macrolides Colirocin E116 FCT. 250mg Clarithromycin Infectious diseases of the upper and lower airway caused by infectious bacteria. Can be used in conjunction with Omeprazole to treat duodenal ulcer associated with H. pylori. (Please see IPC) 28T/PTP;500T/BTL AC

12 Glycopeptide Teicod Lyo-Vancin R53 R52 Lyophilized Lyophilized 200 mg 500 mg Teicoplanin vancomycin Endocarditis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, septicemia, soft tissue infections, and enteritis caused by Staphylococcus infection; pseudomembranous colitis caused by Clostridium infection. Endocarditis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, septicemia, soft tissue infections, and enteritis caused by Staphylococcus infection; pseudomembranous colitis caused by Clostridium infection. 3ML*VIAL AC MG*10V AC

13 Carbapenems Myron K46 Pow. for Inj. 0.25g Myron K48 Pow. for Inj. 0.5g Culin K56 Pow. for Inj. 0.25g Meropenem Meropenem Imipenem/Cilastatin Infectious diseases induced by Meropenem-susceptible bacteria. Infectious diseases induced by Meropenem-susceptible bacteria. Infectious diseases induced by Imipenem-susceptible gram negative and positive bacteria. 0.25GM*10V AC GM*10V AC GM*25V AC

14 Carbapenems Culin K57 Pow. for Inj. 0.5g Imipenem/Cilastatin Infectious diseases induced by Imipenem-susceptible gram negative and positive bacteria. 0.5GM*25V AC

15 Quinolones Leflodal Leflodal Leflodal E147 E146 P43 F. C. Tab. F. C. Tab. I.V. Solution 500 mg 100mg 500mg/V Levofloxacin Levofloxacin Levofloxacin Treatment infections in adults caused by Levofloxacin-susceptible pathogens. Please see IPC for more information. Airway infectious diseases, otorhinolaryngological diseases, UTI, uterine infections, etc. Please see IPC for more information. Treatment of the following infections in adults caused by Levofloxacinsusceptible pathogenic bacteria: CAP, UTI, SSSI, etc. Please see IPC for more information. 100T/PTP AC T/PTP AC mg/ml*100ml AC

16 Quinolones Ciflodal Oflodal E81 E89 F.C. Tablets F.C. Tablets 500 mg 100mg Ciprofloxacin Ofloxacin Infections disease. (Please see IPC) Infectious diseases (Please see IPC) 80T/PTP;100T/BTL AC T/BTL AC

17 Antifungal Agents Azol-flucon Azol-flucon Lisim P42 B51 D63 I.V. Injection CAP. Tab. 2 mg/ml 50mg 250mg Fluconazole Fluconazole Terbinafine Antifungal agent. Local or systemic Candida infection, Cryptococcic infection, prevention of fungal infections in AIDS patients. Onychomyosis, tineacapitis, and severe, wide spread dermatomycosis not responding to local treatment. 10 VIAL AC C/PTP ; 3*12C/PTP AC T/PTP;140T/PTP AC

18 Antiviral Agents Acylete Acylete D54 D57 Tab. Tab. 400mg 200mg Acyclovir Acyclovir Infections induced by herpes zoster virus, skin and mucous membrane infections induced by herpes simplex virus. (Please see IPC) Infections induced by herpes zoster virus, skin and mucous membrane infections induced by herpes simplex virus.(please see IPC) 100T/BTL AC T/BTL 100T/PTP AC

19 Others Sulbactam Clindamycin Clindamycin K59 B38 M52 Pow. for Inj. Cap. Inj. 500mg 150mg 300mg Sulbactam Clindamycin Clindamycin A β-lactamase inhibitor, that have to combinate with Ampicillin. Treatment of Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumonia, and other infectious bacteria susceptible to this drug. Infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumonia, anaerobic bacteria, and other susceptible bacteria. 500MG*10V A C/BTL AC ML*50A AC

20 Others Hand Sanitizer Hand Sanitizer Hand Sanitizer F42 F42 F42 Gel Gel Gel 60ml 500ml 3.8L Ethylalcohol Ethylalcohol Ethylalcohol Skin and hand cleaning, disinfection, germicidal. Skin and hand cleaning, disinfection, germicidal. Skin and hand cleaning, disinfection, germicidal. 60ML/BTL 500ML/BTL 3.8L/BTL 17

21 Others Anti-A Solution Hand Sanitizer F06 F45 Solution Solution 500ml 500ml Benzalkonium Cl. Ethylalcohol Germicidal, disinfection. Skin and hand cleaning, disinfection, germicidal. 500ml 500ML/BTL 18

22

Anti-infection Agents

Anti-infection Agents Supecef Pow. for Inj. 0.5g 1 Supecef Pow. for Inj. 1g 1 Cefuroxime Pow. for Inj. 750mg 1 Tatumcef Pow. for Inj 0.5g 2 Tatumcef Pow. for Inj 1g 2 Tatumcef Pow. For Inj. 2g 2 Cefazolin Injection 1g 3 Pisutam

More information

National Clinical Guideline Centre Pneumonia Diagnosis and management of community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults

National Clinical Guideline Centre Pneumonia Diagnosis and management of community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults National Clinical Guideline Centre Antibiotic classifications Pneumonia Diagnosis and management of community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults Clinical guideline 191 Appendix N 3 December 2014

More information

Antibiotic. Antibiotic Classes, Spectrum of Activity & Antibiotic Reporting

Antibiotic. Antibiotic Classes, Spectrum of Activity & Antibiotic Reporting Antibiotic Antibiotic Classes, Spectrum of Activity & Antibiotic Reporting Any substance of natural, synthetic or semisynthetic origin which at low concentrations kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria

More information

Table 1. Commonly encountered or important organisms and their usual antimicrobial susceptibilities.

Table 1. Commonly encountered or important organisms and their usual antimicrobial susceptibilities. Table 1. Commonly encountered or important organisms and their usual antimicrobial susceptibilities. Gram-positive cocci: Staphylococcus aureus: *Resistance to penicillin is almost universal. Resistance

More information

جداول میکروارگانیسم های بیماریزای اولویت دار و آنتی بیوتیک های تعیین شده برای آزمایش تعیین حساسیت ضد میکروبی در برنامه مهار مقاومت میکروبی

جداول میکروارگانیسم های بیماریزای اولویت دار و آنتی بیوتیک های تعیین شده برای آزمایش تعیین حساسیت ضد میکروبی در برنامه مهار مقاومت میکروبی جداول میکروارگانیسم های بیماریزای اولویت دار و آنتی بیوتیک های تعیین شده برای آزمایش تعیین حساسیت ضد میکروبی در برنامه مهار مقاومت میکروبی ویرایش دوم بر اساس ed., 2017 CLSI M100 27 th تابستان ۶۹۳۱ تهیه

More information

Principles of Infectious Disease. Dr. Ezra Levy CSUHS PA Program

Principles of Infectious Disease. Dr. Ezra Levy CSUHS PA Program Principles of Infectious Disease Dr. Ezra Levy CSUHS PA Program I. Microbiology (1) morphology (e.g., cocci, bacilli) (2) growth characteristics (e.g., aerobic vs anaerobic) (3) other qualities (e.g.,

More information

2015 Antibiotic Susceptibility Report

2015 Antibiotic Susceptibility Report Citrobacter freundii Enterobacter aerogenes Enterobacter cloacae Escherichia coli Haemophilus influenzenza Klebsiella oxytoca Klebsiella pneumoniae Proteus mirabilis Pseudomonas aeruginosa Serratia marcescens

More information

2016 Antibiotic Susceptibility Report

2016 Antibiotic Susceptibility Report Fairview Northland Medical Center and Elk River, Milaca, Princeton and Zimmerman Clinics 2016 Antibiotic Susceptibility Report GRAM-NEGATIVE ORGANISMS 2016 Gram-Negative Non-Urine The number of isolates

More information

EUCAST recommended strains for internal quality control

EUCAST recommended strains for internal quality control EUCAST recommended strains for internal quality control Escherichia coli Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus Enterococcus faecalis Streptococcus pneumoniae Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 59 ATCC

More information

Medicinal Chemistry 561P. 2 st hour Examination. May 6, 2013 NAME: KEY. Good Luck!

Medicinal Chemistry 561P. 2 st hour Examination. May 6, 2013 NAME: KEY. Good Luck! Medicinal Chemistry 561P 2 st hour Examination May 6, 2013 NAME: KEY Good Luck! 2 MDCH 561P Exam 2 May 6, 2013 Name: KEY Grade: Fill in your scantron with the best choice for the questions below: 1. Which

More information

Suggestions for appropriate agents to include in routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing

Suggestions for appropriate agents to include in routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing Suggestions for appropriate agents to include in routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing These suggestions are intended to indicate minimum sets of agents to test routinely in a diagnostic laboratory

More information

Challenges Emerging resistance Fewer new drugs MRSA and other resistant pathogens are major problems

Challenges Emerging resistance Fewer new drugs MRSA and other resistant pathogens are major problems Micro 301 Antimicrobial Drugs 11/7/12 Significance of antimicrobial drugs Challenges Emerging resistance Fewer new drugs MRSA and other resistant pathogens are major problems Definitions Antibiotic Selective

More information

2012 ANTIBIOGRAM. Central Zone Former DTHR Sites. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

2012 ANTIBIOGRAM. Central Zone Former DTHR Sites. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 2012 ANTIBIOGRAM Central Zone Former DTHR Sites Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Medically Relevant Pathogens Based on Gram Morphology Gram-negative Bacilli Lactose Fermenters Non-lactose

More information

GENERAL NOTES: 2016 site of infection type of organism location of the patient

GENERAL NOTES: 2016 site of infection type of organism location of the patient GENERAL NOTES: This is a summary of the antibiotic sensitivity profile of clinical isolates recovered at AIIMS Bhopal Hospital during the year 2016. However, for organisms in which < 30 isolates were recovered

More information

Mercy Medical Center Des Moines, Iowa Department of Pathology. Microbiology Department Antibiotic Susceptibility January December 2016

Mercy Medical Center Des Moines, Iowa Department of Pathology. Microbiology Department Antibiotic Susceptibility January December 2016 Mercy Medical Center Des Moines, Iowa Department of Pathology Microbiology Department Antibiotic Susceptibility January December 2016 These statistics are intended solely as a GUIDE to choosing appropriate

More information

Routine internal quality control as recommended by EUCAST Version 3.1, valid from

Routine internal quality control as recommended by EUCAST Version 3.1, valid from Routine internal quality control as recommended by EUCAST Version.1, valid from 01-01-01 Escherichia coli Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus Enterococcus faecalis Streptococcus pneumoniae Haemophilus

More information

Childrens Hospital Antibiogram for 2012 (Based on data from 2011)

Childrens Hospital Antibiogram for 2012 (Based on data from 2011) Childrens Hospital Antibiogram for 2012 (Based on data from 2011) Prepared by: Department of Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre For further information contact: Andrew Walkty, MD, FRCPC Medical

More information

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: Advanced Course

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: Advanced Course Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: Advanced Course Cascade Reporting Cascade Reporting I. Selecting Antimicrobial Agents for Testing and Reporting Selection of the most appropriate antimicrobials to

More information

Help with moving disc diffusion methods from BSAC to EUCAST. Media BSAC EUCAST

Help with moving disc diffusion methods from BSAC to EUCAST. Media BSAC EUCAST Help with moving disc diffusion methods from BSAC to EUCAST This document sets out the main differences between the BSAC and EUCAST disc diffusion methods with specific emphasis on preparation prior to

More information

ß-lactams. Sub-families. Penicillins. Cephalosporins. Monobactams. Carbapenems

ß-lactams. Sub-families. Penicillins. Cephalosporins. Monobactams. Carbapenems β-lactams ß-lactams Sub-families Penicillins Cephalosporins Monobactams Carbapenems ß-lactams Mode of action PBPs = Trans/Carboxy/Endo- peptidases PBP binding (Penicillin-Binding Proteins) activation of

More information

The β- Lactam Antibiotics. Munir Gharaibeh MD, PhD, MHPE School of Medicine, The University of Jordan November 2018

The β- Lactam Antibiotics. Munir Gharaibeh MD, PhD, MHPE School of Medicine, The University of Jordan November 2018 The β- Lactam Antibiotics Munir Gharaibeh MD, PhD, MHPE School of Medicine, The University of Jordan November 2018 Penicillins. Cephalosporins. Carbapenems. Monobactams. The β- Lactam Antibiotics 2 3 How

More information

General Approach to Infectious Diseases

General Approach to Infectious Diseases General Approach to Infectious Diseases 2 The pharmacotherapy of infectious diseases is unique. To treat most diseases with drugs, we give drugs that have some desired pharmacologic action at some receptor

More information

Aberdeen Hospital. Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns For Commonly Isolated Organisms For 2015

Aberdeen Hospital. Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns For Commonly Isolated Organisms For 2015 Aberdeen Hospital Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns For Commonly Isolated s For 2015 Services Laboratory Microbiology Department Aberdeen Hospital Nova Scotia Health Authority 835 East River Road New

More information

Chapter 46. Learning Objectives (cont d)

Chapter 46. Learning Objectives (cont d) Chapter 46 Antimicrobial Agents Learning Objectives Explain the major action and effects of drugs used to treat infectious diseases Identify criteria used to select an effective antimicrobial agent Identify

More information

Antimicrobial Update. Alison MacDonald Area Antimicrobial Pharmacist NHS Highland April 2018

Antimicrobial Update. Alison MacDonald Area Antimicrobial Pharmacist NHS Highland April 2018 Antimicrobial Update Alison MacDonald Area Antimicrobial Pharmacist NHS Highland alisonc.macdonald@nhs.net April 2018 Starter Questions Setting the scene... What if antibiotics were no longer effective?

More information

INFECTIOUS DISEASES DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY NEWSLETTER

INFECTIOUS DISEASES DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY NEWSLETTER INFECTIOUS DISEASES DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY NEWSLETTER University of Minnesota Health University of Minnesota Medical Center University of Minnesota Masonic Children s Hospital May 2017 Printed herein are

More information

Similar to Penicillins: -Chemically. -Mechanism of action. -Toxicity.

Similar to Penicillins: -Chemically. -Mechanism of action. -Toxicity. Similar to Penicillins: -Chemically. -Mechanism of action. -Toxicity. Cephalosporins are divided into Generations: -First generation have better activity against gram positive organisms. -Later compounds

More information

PIPERACILLIN- TAZOBACTAM INJECTION - SUPPLY PROBLEMS

PIPERACILLIN- TAZOBACTAM INJECTION - SUPPLY PROBLEMS PIPERACILLIN- TAZOBACTAM INJECTION - SUPPLY PROBLEMS The current supply of piperacillin- tazobactam should be reserved f Microbiology / Infectious Diseases approval and f neutropenic sepsis, severe sepsis

More information

European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Routine and extended internal quality control as recommended by EUCAST Version 5.0, valid from 015-01-09 This document should be cited as "The

More information

Antimicrobial susceptibility

Antimicrobial susceptibility Antimicrobial susceptibility PATTERNS Microbiology Department Canterbury ealth Laboratories and Clinical Pharmacology Department Canterbury District ealth Board March 2011 Contents Preface... Page 1 ANTIMICROBIAL

More information

3 party manufacturing PRODUCT LIST. Category : ANTI BIOTIC

3 party manufacturing PRODUCT LIST. Category : ANTI BIOTIC rd 3 party manufacturing PRODUCT LIST Category : ANTI BIOTIC ANTI BIOTIC SR.NO. COMPOSTION DRUG/FOOD DOSAGE PACKING 1 Amikacin Sulphate IP 500mg/2ml DRUG LIQUID INJ. VIAL 2 Amoxicillin 200mg & Clavulanic

More information

Antibiotic Abyss. Discussion Points. MRSA Treatment Guidelines

Antibiotic Abyss. Discussion Points. MRSA Treatment Guidelines Antibiotic Abyss Fredrick M. Abrahamian, D.O., FACEP, FIDSA Professor of Medicine UCLA School of Medicine Director of Education Department of Emergency Medicine Olive View-UCLA Medical Center Sylmar, California

More information

Perichondritis: Source: UpToDate Ciprofloxacin 10 mg/kg/dose PO (max 500 mg/dose) BID Inpatient: Ceftazidime 50 mg/kg/dose q8 hours IV

Perichondritis: Source: UpToDate Ciprofloxacin 10 mg/kg/dose PO (max 500 mg/dose) BID Inpatient: Ceftazidime 50 mg/kg/dose q8 hours IV Empiric Antibiotics for Pediatric Infections Seen in ED NOTE: Choice of empiric antibiotic therapy must take into account local pathogen frequency and resistance patterns, individual patient characteristics,

More information

21 st Expert Committee on Selection and Use of Essential Medicines Peer Review Report Antibiotics Review

21 st Expert Committee on Selection and Use of Essential Medicines Peer Review Report Antibiotics Review (1) Have all important studies/evidence of which you are aware been included in the application? Yes No Please provide brief comments on any relevant studies that have not been included: (2) For each of

More information

Antibacterial therapy 1. د. حامد الزعبي Dr Hamed Al-Zoubi

Antibacterial therapy 1. د. حامد الزعبي Dr Hamed Al-Zoubi Antibacterial therapy 1 د. حامد الزعبي Dr Hamed Al-Zoubi ILOs Principles and terms Different categories of antibiotics Spectrum of activity and mechanism of action Resistancs Antibacterial therapy What

More information

Antibiotic Updates: Part II

Antibiotic Updates: Part II Antibiotic Updates: Part II Fredrick M. Abrahamian, DO, FACEP, FIDSA Health Sciences Clinical Professor of Emergency Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles, California Financial Disclosures

More information

Cell Wall Weakeners. Antimicrobials: Drugs that Weaken the Cell Wall. Bacterial Cell Wall. Bacterial Resistance to PCNs. PCN Classification

Cell Wall Weakeners. Antimicrobials: Drugs that Weaken the Cell Wall. Bacterial Cell Wall. Bacterial Resistance to PCNs. PCN Classification Cell Wall Weakeners Antimicrobials: Drugs that Weaken the Cell Wall Beta Lactams Penicillins Cephalosporins Carbapenems Aztreonam Vancomycin Teicoplanin Bacterial Cell Wall Bacterial cytoplasm is hypertonic

More information

Interpreting Microbiology reports for better Clinical Decisions Interpreting Antibiogrammes

Interpreting Microbiology reports for better Clinical Decisions Interpreting Antibiogrammes Interpreting Microbiology reports for better Clinical Decisions Interpreting Antibiogrammes Prof C. Wattal Hon. Sr. Consultant & Chairman Dept. of Clinical Microbiology Sir Ganga Ram Hospital New Delhi

More information

number Done by Corrected by Doctor

number Done by Corrected by Doctor number 28 Done by Dina Yaseen Corrected by حسام أبو عوض Doctor مالك الزحلف Cephalosporins -Cephalosporins are β-lactam antibiotics isolated from a strain of Streptomyces. -They are bactericidal and work

More information

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns KNH SURGERY Department Masika M.M. Department of Medical Microbiology, UoN Medicines & Therapeutics Committee, KNH Outline Methodology Overall KNH data Surgery department

More information

** the doctor start the lecture with revising some information from the last one:

** the doctor start the lecture with revising some information from the last one: Page 1 of 7 ** the doctor start the lecture with revising some information from the last one: #penicillin G has a good susceptibility against gram(+ve), Neisseria (-ve) #mostly active against strep. (don

More information

European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Routine and extended internal quality control for MIC determination and disk diffusion as recommended by EUCAST Version 8.0, valid from 018-01-01

More information

CONTAGIOUS COMMENTS Department of Epidemiology

CONTAGIOUS COMMENTS Department of Epidemiology VOLUME XXIII NUMBER 1 July 2008 CONTAGIOUS COMMENTS Department of Epidemiology Bugs and Drugs Elaine Dowell, SM (ASCP), Marti Roe SM (ASCP), Ann-Christine Nyquist MD, MSPH Are the bugs winning? The 2007

More information

Comparative Assessment of b-lactamases Produced by Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

Comparative Assessment of b-lactamases Produced by Multidrug Resistant Bacteria Comparative Assessment of b-lactamases Produced by Multidrug Resistant Bacteria Juhee Ahn Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering Kangwon National University October 23, 27 Antibiotic Development

More information

Compliance of manufacturers of AST materials and devices with EUCAST guidelines

Compliance of manufacturers of AST materials and devices with EUCAST guidelines Compliance of manufacturers of AST materials and devices with EUCAST guidelines Data are based on questionnaires to manufacturers of materials and devices for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The

More information

a. 379 laboratories provided quantitative results, e.g (DD method) to 35.4% (MIC method) of all participants; see Table 2.

a. 379 laboratories provided quantitative results, e.g (DD method) to 35.4% (MIC method) of all participants; see Table 2. AND QUANTITATIVE PRECISION (SAMPLE UR-01, 2017) Background and Plan of Analysis Sample UR-01 (2017) was sent to API participants as a simulated urine culture for recognition of a significant pathogen colony

More information

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: The Basics

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: The Basics Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: The Basics Susan E. Sharp, Ph.D., DABMM, FAAM Director, Airport Way Regional Laboratory Director, Regional Microbiology and Molecular Infectious Diseases Laboratories

More information

Interactive session: adapting to antibiogram. Thong Phe Heng Vengchhun Felix Leclerc Erika Vlieghe

Interactive session: adapting to antibiogram. Thong Phe Heng Vengchhun Felix Leclerc Erika Vlieghe Interactive session: adapting to antibiogram Thong Phe Heng Vengchhun Felix Leclerc Erika Vlieghe Case 1 63 y old woman Dx: urosepsis? After 2 d: intermediate result: Gram-negative bacilli Empiric antibiotic

More information

2010 ANTIBIOGRAM. University of Alberta Hospital and the Stollery Children s Hospital

2010 ANTIBIOGRAM. University of Alberta Hospital and the Stollery Children s Hospital 2010 ANTIBIOGRAM University of Alberta Hospital and the Stollery Children s Hospital Medical Microbiology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Table of Contents Page Introduction..... 2 Antibiogram

More information

CONTAGIOUS COMMENTS Department of Epidemiology

CONTAGIOUS COMMENTS Department of Epidemiology VOLUME XXIX NUMBER 3 November 2014 CONTAGIOUS COMMENTS Department of Epidemiology Bugs and Drugs Elaine Dowell SM MLS (ASCP), Marti Roe SM MLS (ASCP), Sarah Parker MD, Jason Child PharmD, and Samuel R.

More information

56 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. All rights reserved.

56 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. All rights reserved. Table 2C 56 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. All rights reserved. Table 2C. Zone Diameter and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration Breakpoints for Testing Conditions Medium: Inoculum: diffusion:

More information

CONTAGIOUS COMMENTS Department of Epidemiology

CONTAGIOUS COMMENTS Department of Epidemiology VOLUME XXXII NUMBER 6 September 2017 CONTAGIOUS COMMENTS Department of Epidemiology Bugs and Drugs Elaine Dowell SM MLS (ASCP), Stacey Hamilton MT SM (ASCP), Samuel Dominguez MD PhD, Sarah Parker MD, and

More information

January 2014 Vol. 34 No. 1

January 2014 Vol. 34 No. 1 January 2014 Vol. 34 No. 1. and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Interpretive Standards for Testing Conditions Medium: diffusion: Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) Broth dilution: cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton

More information

Compliance of manufacturers of AST materials and devices with EUCAST guidelines

Compliance of manufacturers of AST materials and devices with EUCAST guidelines Compliance of manufacturers of AST materials and devices with EUCAST guidelines Data are based on questionnaires to manufacturers of materials and devices for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The

More information

Inhibiting Microbial Growth in vivo. CLS 212: Medical Microbiology Zeina Alkudmani

Inhibiting Microbial Growth in vivo. CLS 212: Medical Microbiology Zeina Alkudmani Inhibiting Microbial Growth in vivo CLS 212: Medical Microbiology Zeina Alkudmani Chemotherapy Definitions The use of any chemical (drug) to treat any disease or condition. Chemotherapeutic Agent Any drug

More information

2009 ANTIBIOGRAM. University of Alberta Hospital and the Stollery Childrens Hospital

2009 ANTIBIOGRAM. University of Alberta Hospital and the Stollery Childrens Hospital 2009 ANTIBIOGRAM University of Alberta Hospital and the Stollery Childrens Hospital Division of Medical Microbiology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology 2 Table of Contents Page Introduction.....

More information

Approach to pediatric Antibiotics

Approach to pediatric Antibiotics Approach to pediatric Antibiotics Gassem Gohal FAAP FRCPC Assistant professor of Pediatrics objectives To be familiar with common pediatric antibiotics o Classification o Action o Adverse effect To discus

More information

Chemotherapy of bacterial infections. Part II. Mechanisms of Resistance. evolution of antimicrobial resistance

Chemotherapy of bacterial infections. Part II. Mechanisms of Resistance. evolution of antimicrobial resistance Chemotherapy of bacterial infections. Part II. Mechanisms of Resistance evolution of antimicrobial resistance Mechanism of bacterial genetic variability Point mutations may occur in a nucleotide base pair,

More information

* gender factor (male=1, female=0.85)

* gender factor (male=1, female=0.85) Usual Doses of Antimicrobials Typically Not Requiring Renal Adjustment Azithromycin 250 500 mg Q24 *Amphotericin B 1 3-5 mg/kg Q24 Clindamycin 600 900 mg Q8 Liposomal (Ambisome ) Doxycycline 100 mg Q12

More information

EUCAST-and CLSI potency NEO-SENSITABS

EUCAST-and CLSI potency NEO-SENSITABS EUCASTand CLSI potency NEOSENSITABS Neo Sensitabs Page 1 / 6 Document: 6.2.0 Fastidious organisms EUCAST Interpretation zones and MIC breakpoints according to recommendations by the "Comité de l'antibiogramme

More information

Antibiotic Usage Guidelines in Hospital

Antibiotic Usage Guidelines in Hospital SUPPLEMENT TO JAPI december VOL. 58 51 Antibiotic Usage Guidelines in Hospital Camilla Rodrigues * Use of surveillance data information of Hospital antibiotic policy guidelines from Hinduja Hospital. The

More information

Antibiotics: mode of action and mechanisms of resistance. Slides made by Special consultant Henrik Hasman Statens Serum Institut

Antibiotics: mode of action and mechanisms of resistance. Slides made by Special consultant Henrik Hasman Statens Serum Institut Antibiotics: mode of action and mechanisms of resistance. Slides made by Special consultant Henrik Hasman Statens Serum Institut This presentation Definitions needed to discuss antimicrobial resistance

More information

Should we test Clostridium difficile for antimicrobial resistance? by author

Should we test Clostridium difficile for antimicrobial resistance? by author Should we test Clostridium difficile for antimicrobial resistance? Paola Mastrantonio Department of Infectious Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome,Italy Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) (first

More information

What s new in EUCAST methods?

What s new in EUCAST methods? What s new in EUCAST methods? Derek Brown EUCAST Scientific Secretary Interactive question 1 MIC determination MH-F broth for broth microdilution testing of fastidious microorganisms Gradient MIC tests

More information

Penicillins - EUCAST clinical MIC breakpoints (version 1.3)

Penicillins - EUCAST clinical MIC breakpoints (version 1.3) EUCAST clinical MIC breakpoints - penicillins Penicillins - EUCAST clinical MIC breakpoints 2009-04-19 (version 1.3) Penicillins Click on antibiotic name to see wild type MIC distributions. Enterobacteriaceae

More information

Safe Patient Care Keeping our Residents Safe Use Standard Precautions for ALL Residents at ALL times

Safe Patient Care Keeping our Residents Safe Use Standard Precautions for ALL Residents at ALL times Safe Patient Care Keeping our Residents Safe 2016 Use Standard Precautions for ALL Residents at ALL times #safepatientcare Do bugs need drugs? Dr Deirdre O Brien Consultant Microbiologist Mercy University

More information

Antibiotics. Antimicrobial Drugs. Alexander Fleming 10/18/2017

Antibiotics. Antimicrobial Drugs. Alexander Fleming 10/18/2017 Antibiotics Antimicrobial Drugs Chapter 20 BIO 220 Antibiotics are compounds produced by fungi or bacteria that inhibit or kill competing microbial species Antimicrobial drugs must display selective toxicity,

More information

Northwestern Medicine Central DuPage Hospital Antimicrobial Criteria Updated 11/16/16

Northwestern Medicine Central DuPage Hospital Antimicrobial Criteria Updated 11/16/16 Northwestern Medicine Central DuPage Hospital Antimicrobial Criteria Updated 11/16/16 These criteria are based on national and local susceptibility data as well as Infectious Disease Society of America

More information

Antimicrobial Stewardship Program

Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Antimicrobial Stewardship Program David R. Woodard, MSc, FSHEA, CIC CDC: Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States, 2013 http://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/threat-report-2013/pdf/ CDC Threat Levels

More information

National Clinical Guideline Centre Pneumonia Diagnosis and management of community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults

National Clinical Guideline Centre Pneumonia Diagnosis and management of community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults National Clinical Guideline Centre Pneumonia Diagnosis and management of community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults Clinical guideline 191 Appendix O 3 December 2014 Final version Commissioned

More information

number Done by Corrected by Doctor

number Done by Corrected by Doctor number 32 Done by Nazek Hyasat Corrected by Doctor مالك الزحلف In this sheet we will talk about two cute drugs and a group of drugs, wish you a pleasant study... First of all, we will talk about clindamycin,which

More information

Management of Hospital-acquired Pneumonia

Management of Hospital-acquired Pneumonia Management of Hospital-acquired Pneumonia Adel Alothman, MB, FRCPC, FACP Asst. Professor, COM, KSAU-HS Head, Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine King Abdulaziz Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia

More information

Rational use of antibiotics

Rational use of antibiotics Rational use of antibiotics Uga Dumpis MD, PhD,, DTM Stradins University Hospital Riga, Latvia ugadumpis@stradini.lv BALTICCARE CONFERENCE, PSKOV, 16-18.03, 18.03, 2006 Why to use antibiotics? Prophylaxis

More information

Antibiotics 1. Lecture 8

Antibiotics 1. Lecture 8 Antibiotics 1 Lecture 8 Overview of antibiotics What am I treating? Viral, bacterial, fungal, mycobacterial, etc. Who am I treating? Host factors: age, genetic factors, co-morbidities (renal and liver

More information

MICRONAUT MICRONAUT-S Detection of Resistance Mechanisms. Innovation with Integrity BMD MIC

MICRONAUT MICRONAUT-S Detection of Resistance Mechanisms. Innovation with Integrity BMD MIC MICRONAUT Detection of Resistance Mechanisms Innovation with Integrity BMD MIC Automated and Customized Susceptibility Testing For detection of resistance mechanisms and specific resistances of clinical

More information

Aminoglycosides. Spectrum includes many aerobic Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria.

Aminoglycosides. Spectrum includes many aerobic Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria. Aminoglycosides The only bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitors. They bind to the ribosomal 30S subunit. Inhibit initiation of peptide synthesis and cause misreading of the genetic code. Streptomycin

More information

Other Beta - lactam Antibiotics

Other Beta - lactam Antibiotics Other Beta - lactam Antibiotics Assistant Professor Dr. Naza M. Ali Lec 5 8 Nov 2017 Lecture outlines Other beta lactam antibiotics Other inhibitors of cell wall synthesis Other beta-lactam Antibiotics

More information

Infectious Disease: Drug Resistance Pattern in New Mexico

Infectious Disease: Drug Resistance Pattern in New Mexico Infectious Disease: Drug Resistance Pattern in New Mexico Are these the world's sexiest accents? Obi C. Okoli, MD.,MPH. Clinic for Infectious Diseases Las Cruces, NM. Are these the world's sexiest accents?

More information

BACTERIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY REPORT: 2016 (January 2016 December 2016)

BACTERIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY REPORT: 2016 (January 2016 December 2016) BACTERIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY REPORT: 2016 (January 2016 December 2016) VA Palo Alto Health Care System April 14, 2017 Trisha Nakasone, PharmD, Pharmacy Service Russell Ryono, PharmD, Public Health Surveillance

More information

Concise Antibiogram Toolkit Background

Concise Antibiogram Toolkit Background Background This toolkit is designed to guide nursing homes in creating their own antibiograms, an important tool for guiding empiric antimicrobial therapy. Information about antibiograms and instructions

More information

Bacterial Pathogens in Urinary Tract Infection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern from a Teaching Hospital, Bengaluru, India

Bacterial Pathogens in Urinary Tract Infection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern from a Teaching Hospital, Bengaluru, India ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 11 (2015) pp. 731-736 http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article Bacterial Pathogens in Urinary Tract Infection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern from a Teaching

More information

Antimicrobial Therapy

Antimicrobial Therapy Antimicrobial Therapy David H. Spach, MD Professor of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases University of Washington, Seattle Disclosure: Dr. Spach has no significant financial interest in any of the

More information

2016 Antibiogram. Central Zone. Alberta Health Services. including. Red Deer Regional Hospital. St. Mary s Hospital, Camrose

2016 Antibiogram. Central Zone. Alberta Health Services. including. Red Deer Regional Hospital. St. Mary s Hospital, Camrose 2016 Antibiogram Central Zone Alberta Health Services including Red Deer Regional Hospital St. Mary s Hospital, Camrose Introduction This antibiogram is a cumulative report of the antimicrobial susceptibility

More information

British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Standing Committee on Susceptibility Testing Version 13.0, 10-06-2014 Content Page Additional information Changes in version 13 2 Suggestions for appropriate

More information

Dr. Shaiful Azam Sazzad. MD Student (Thesis Part) Critical Care Medicine Dhaka Medical College

Dr. Shaiful Azam Sazzad. MD Student (Thesis Part) Critical Care Medicine Dhaka Medical College Dr. Shaiful Azam Sazzad MD Student (Thesis Part) Critical Care Medicine Dhaka Medical College INTRODUCTION ICU acquired infection account for substantial morbidity, mortality and expense. Infection and

More information

Rational management of community acquired infections

Rational management of community acquired infections Rational management of community acquired infections Dr Tanu Singhal MD, MSc Consultant Pediatrics and Infectious Disease Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai Why is rational management needed?

More information

Intrinsic, implied and default resistance

Intrinsic, implied and default resistance Appendix A Intrinsic, implied and default resistance Magiorakos et al. [1] and CLSI [2] are our primary sources of information on intrinsic resistance. Sanford et al. [3] and Gilbert et al. [4] have been

More information

10/13/14. Low: not well absorbed. Good: [blood and tissue] < than if given IV. High: > 90% absorption orally

10/13/14. Low: not well absorbed. Good: [blood and tissue] < than if given IV. High: > 90% absorption orally Low: not well absorbed PO agent not for serious infection nitrofurantoin Good: [blood and tissue] < than if given IV [Therapeutic] in excess of [effective] eg. cephalexin High: > 90% absorption orally

More information

5/4/2018. Multidrug Resistant Organisms (MDROs) Objectives. Outline. Define a multi-drug resistant organism (MDRO)

5/4/2018. Multidrug Resistant Organisms (MDROs) Objectives. Outline. Define a multi-drug resistant organism (MDRO) Multidrug Resistant Organisms (MDROs) Kasturi Shrestha, M.D. 05/11/2018 Objectives Define a multi-drug resistant organism (MDRO) Identify most challenging MDROs in healthcare Identify reasons for health

More information

Advanced Practice Education Associates. Antibiotics

Advanced Practice Education Associates. Antibiotics Advanced Practice Education Associates Antibiotics Overview Difference between Gram Positive(+), Gram Negative(-) organisms Beta lactam ring, allergies Antimicrobial Spectra of Antibiotic Classes 78 Copyright

More information

number Done by Corrected by Doctor Dr.Malik

number Done by Corrected by Doctor Dr.Malik number 27 Done by Fatimah Farhan Corrected by Basil Al-Bakri Doctor Dr.Malik Note: anything in red is just extra info and you will not be asked about it in the exam. In this sheet we will continue talking

More information

Suggested treatment. Inj Crystalline Penicillin 50,000U/Kg i.v. 4-6hrly (if child cannot swallow) 40mg/Kg/dose BID x 10days

Suggested treatment. Inj Crystalline Penicillin 50,000U/Kg i.v. 4-6hrly (if child cannot swallow) 40mg/Kg/dose BID x 10days GUIDELINES FOR TREATMENT OF INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN A. RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS Infection/Condition/likely organism Suggested treatment Preferred Alternative Acute

More information

Rate In Rs.Ps (ED Included. Tax Extra) Sl No Name Of The Product Pack. Scheduled And Non-Scheduled Formulations Capsules

Rate In Rs.Ps (ED Included. Tax Extra) Sl No Name Of The Product Pack. Scheduled And Non-Scheduled Formulations Capsules KAPL list of products applicable for Institutional/Hospital supplies under Pharmaceuticals Purchase Policy (PPP) issued by Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Govt. of India

More information

Monthly Webinar. Tuesday 12th December 2017, 16:00 Brewing Up a Little Storm. Event number: Audio dial-in (phone):

Monthly Webinar. Tuesday 12th December 2017, 16:00 Brewing Up a Little Storm. Event number: Audio dial-in (phone): Monthly Webinar Tuesday 12th December 2017, 16:00 Brewing Up a Little Storm Event number: 849 291 546 Audio dial-in (phone): 01 526 0058 AMS InSight Monthly Webinar: Tuesday 12th December MicroB: Brewing

More information

DR. BASHIRU BOI KIKIMOTO

DR. BASHIRU BOI KIKIMOTO OVERVIEW OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND ANTIMICROBIAL USE IN GHANA PRESENTED BY : DR. BASHIRU BOI KIKIMOTO DVM. PhD VETERINARY PUBLIC HEALTH HEAD - PUBLIC HEALTH UNIT & FOOD SAFETY UNIT VENUE: SWATZILAND

More information

Studies on Antimicrobial Consumption in a Tertiary Care Private Hospital, India

Studies on Antimicrobial Consumption in a Tertiary Care Private Hospital, India Human Journals Research Article April 2016 Vol.:6, Issue:1 All rights are reserved by Zarine Khety et al. Studies on Antimicrobial Consumption in a Tertiary Care Private Hospital, India Keywords: Drug

More information

Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics

Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics November 28, 2007 George P. Allen, Pharm.D. Assistant Professor, Pharmacy Practice OSU College of Pharmacy at OHSU Objectives Become familiar with PD parameters what they

More information

RCH antibiotic susceptibility data

RCH antibiotic susceptibility data RCH antibiotic susceptibility data The following represent RCH antibiotic susceptibility data from 2008. This data is used to inform antibiotic guidelines used at RCH. The data includes all microbiological

More information

Provincial Drugs & Therapeutics Committee Memorandum Version 2

Provincial Drugs & Therapeutics Committee Memorandum Version 2 Provincial Drugs & Therapeutics Committee Memorandum Version 2 16 Garfield Street 16, rue Garfield PO Box 2000, Charlottetown C.P. 2000, Charlottetown Prince Edward Island Île-du-Prince-Édouard Canada

More information

Health PEI: Provincial Antibiotic Advisory Team Empiric Antibiotic Treatment Guidelines for Sepsis Syndromes in Adults

Health PEI: Provincial Antibiotic Advisory Team Empiric Antibiotic Treatment Guidelines for Sepsis Syndromes in Adults Health PEI: Provincial Antibiotic Advisory Team Empiric Antibiotic Treatment Guidelines for Sepsis Syndromes in Adults COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA INTRA-ABDOMINAL INFECTION

More information