How to accelerate genetic gain in sheep?
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- Adelia Barber
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1 How to accelerate genetic gain in sheep? N Mc Hugh 1, A. O Brien 1, F. McGovern 1, E. Wall 2, T. Pabiou 2, K. McDermott 2, and D. Berry 1 1 Teagasc, Moorepark, Ireland & 2 Sheep Ireland Sheep Breeders Roundtable, 18 th November 2017
2 Outline 1. Overview Irish breeding programme 2. What are we achieving currently 3. Ireland s 5 year plan 4. Ireland s long term strategy
3 Irish sheep breeding programme Data Sources LambPlus Ped Rams to commercial flocks Commercial Central progeny test (CPT) 4 commercial flocks Matings to provide linkage Teagasc BETTER farms Commercial data
4 Irish sheep breeding programme Terminal Breeding Objectives Replacement
5 Replacement Index /lamb Replacement Index /lamb Benchmarking our progress Large potential Current Year of birth Current NZ rate of gain
6 Can we improve this?? Worth 750m
7 Ireland s 5 year plan Genetic gain levels remain low Farmer confidence Accuracy levels Accuracy (and genetic gain) can be improved by: 1. Superior genetic evaluations 2. Genomic selection
8 Irish sheep breeding programme Breeding Objectives Terminal Replacement Lambing Growth Meat Health Difficulty & Survival Days to slaughter Carcass fat & conformation Lameness & dag score
9 Irish sheep breeding programme Breeding Objectives Replacement Ewe traits Lambing Meat Health Milk Yield No. lambs born Ewe weight Difficulty & Survival Carcass fat & conformation Lameness & dag score
10 What s missing??? 1. Health traits Mastitis, FEC 2. Carcass data Carcass weight, fat & conformation 3. Lambing traits Lamb vigour, ewe mothering ability 4. Ewe survival Age at culling, stayability
11 International data Research underway: UK for Texel, Suffolk & Charollais France for Vendeen NZ INZAC flock Accuracy v. low
12 Replacement Index /lamb INZAC Flock Current Year of birth NZ rate of gain
13 INZAC Flock INZAC Flock (180 ewes)
14 INZAC Flock INZAC Flock (180 ewes) Elite NZ genetics (60)
15 INZAC Flock INZAC Flock (180 ewes) Elite NZ genetics (60) Elite Irish genetics (60)
16 INZAC Flock INZAC Flock (180 ewes) Elite NZ genetics (60) Elite Irish genetics (60) Low Irish genetics (60)
17 INZAC Flock INZAC Flock (180 ewes) Elite NZ genetics (60) Elite Irish genetics (60) Low Irish genetics (60) SU (30) SU (30) SU (30) TX (30) TX (30) TX (30)
18 INZAC Flock INZAC Flock (180 ewes) Elite NZ genetics (60) Elite Irish genetics (60) Objectives SU (30) SU (30) SU (30) Low Irish genetics (60) 1. Compare Irish versus New Zealand elite ewes 2. Test if Irish replacement index fit for purpose TX (30) TX (30) TX (30)
19 Measurements Feed Intake Ewe longevity Fertility Health Data Phenotypes Measured Lambing difficulty Ewe weight & BCS Lamb weight & GR Milk yield Survival traits Mothering ability
20 Results to date NZ Elite Irish Irish Low Scan rate Dystocia 2.2% 13.0% 5.5% Lamb Mortality 6.0% 3.6% 9.7% Milk Yield DTS
21 Genomic Selection At birth we know parts of the lamb s DNA Lamb EBV accuracy increases to ~ 76% (dairy)» Equiv. of 16 (181) progeny for high (low) h 2
22 Applied to all genes & all traits Parentage Low cost option for hill and commercial flocks Major gene effects Scrapie, lethal recessive genes. Breed mapping Genomic Selection How closely related are breeds??
23 OVIGEN Project LambPlus Flock visits All breeding ewes and rams 12,000 animals Free!! New health sub-index 2017
24 Texel Beltex Population structure Bluefaced Leicester Border Leicester Belclare Galway Charollais Suffolk Vendeen
25 Parentage assignment
26 Parentage 12,733 animals genotyped 5,008 animals had a parent genotyped Sires Sire and Dam pairs Dams 2.1% sire and dam incorrect 10.0% sire incorrect 7.6% dams incorrect
27 Monitoring major genes Monitoring lethal genes
28 Major genes Prolificacy genes BMP15 Xb associated with Belclare breed 1 copy increased ovulation rate 2 copies sterile Genotyped 1 copy All population 0.07% Belclare 9.78% lambs born
29 Benefits Multi breed genomic evaluations 2018 Major genes, inbreeding
30 Long term strategy
31 New traits 1. Animal welfare Linked to health, lamb and ewe survival 2. Greenhouse gases Linked to productivity 3. Meat eating quality 4. Ram functionality Difficulty to measure 5. More commercial data Genomics to provide parentage 31
32 Weight (kg) Decision Support tools Farmers collecting Example large flock amounts weight of report data Useful for: Genetic indexes 2. Management reports (currently not provided) Lamb underperforming Sick?? Age (days) Flock Individual Lamb 32
33 Role of new technology Far fetched?? Treatment
34 Conclusions Large potential to increase genetic gain Short term 1. Improve genetic evaluations 2. Genomic selection & index validation Long term Difficult to measure traits Integrated industry approach 34
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