Warm-Up: Fill in the Blank

Transcription

1 Warm-Up: Fill in the Blank 1. For natural selection to happen, there must be variation in the population. 2. The preserved remains of organisms, called provides evidence for evolution. 3. By using and Relative Dating we can figure out how old are. 4. Comparing can show organisms that have common ancestors which is evidence for. 5. With Biotechnology, we can study sequences to look for similarities. Similar DNA can show.

2 Warm-Up: Check your answers 1. For natural selection to happen, there must be Genetic variation in the population. 2. The preserved remains of organisms, called fossils provides evidence for evolution. 3. By using Absolute Dating and Relative Dating we can figure out how old fossils are. 4. Comparing Homologous Structures can show organisms that have common ancestors which is evidence for evolution. 5. With Biotechnology, we can study DNA sequences to look for similarities. Similar DNA can show Evolutionary relationships.

3 Review of Taxonomy: Match the classification terms with the address terms 1. Country a. Family 2. State b. Class 3. County c. Species 4. City d. Kingdom 5. Zip Code e. Order 6. Street f. Phylum 7. House Number g. Genus

4 Check your answers 1. Country d. Kingdom 2. State f. Phylum 3. County b. Class 4. City e. Order 5. Zip Code a. Family 6. Street g. Genus 7. House Number c. Species

5 Speaking of DNA similarities: Each human s DNA is about 99.5% similar to one another (even identical twins aren t 100% because of mutations). Chimpanzees and bonobos share 99% of our DNA, while gorillas share about 98%. These are the most similar other living organisms to humans. About 50% of your DNA is the same as a banana.

6 Dichotomous key "divided into two choices looks at the similarities and differences leads the user to the organism s name MONEY TAXONOMIC KEY 1 A. Metal...go to 2 1 B. Paper...go to 5 2 A. Brown (copper)...penny 2 B. Silver...go to 3 3 A. Smooth edge...nickel. 3 B. Ridges around the edge...go to 4 4 A. Torch on back...dime 4 B. Eagle on back...quarter 5 A. Number 1 in the corners...$1 bill 5 B. Number 2 in the corners...$2 bill

7 Classifying organisms based on Evolution Phylogeny the evolutionary relationship between organisms. Cladogram / Phylogenetic Tree- looks like family tree, used to show evolutionary history of organisms Evidence of shared ancestry: Fossil records Homologous features Embryological evidence

8 Cladistics (Cladograms) Organisms are grouped into clades A clade is a group of species that includes an ancestral species and all of its descendants Based on a new trait developing and being passed down to descendants Groups of organisms that share these new traits are more closely related to each other than to groups who only have ancestral traits

9 Making Cladograms / Phylogenetic Trees Shared derived characters new traits that are shared by a group These shared derived characters distinguish between clades and are branches in the tree of life (and branches in cladograms) Shared ancestral characters original traits present in ancestral groups

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11 Jaws

12 Jaws Amniotic Eggs

13 Jaws Amniotic Eggs Turtles (near on graph)

14 Jaws Amniotic Eggs Turtles (near on graph) Vertebral column Jaws Four walking legs Amniotic eggs

15 Jaws Amniotic Eggs Turtles (near on graph) Vertebral column Jaws Four walking legs Amniotic eggs Salamanders, Turtles have 1 change

16 Jaws Amniotic Eggs Turtles (near on graph) Vertebral column Jaws Four walking legs Amniotic eggs Salamanders, Turtles have 1 change Lancelet (so far away on graph)

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18 Amniotic egg

19 Amniotic egg Eggs with or without shells

20 Amniotic egg Eggs with or without shells Crocodiles, both have eggs with shells

21 Amniotic egg Eggs with or without shells Crocodiles, both have eggs with shells Vertebrae Bony skeleton Four limbs Amniotic eggs Eggs with shells

22 Amniotic egg Eggs with or without shells Crocodiles, both have eggs with shells Vertebrae Bony skeleton Four limbs Amniotic eggs Eggs with shells Crocodile (because they re close)

23 Amniotic egg Eggs with or without shells Crocodiles, both have eggs with shells Vertebrae Bony skeleton Four limbs Amniotic eggs Eggs with shells Crocodile (because they re close) Sharks, because they re so far away

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30 This organism is a Norno californius

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37 This organism would be a Norno dallus

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39 Broad Needle

40 Betula pendula Pinus virginana Juglans nigra Betula pendula= Silver birch Pinus virginana= Virginia Pine Juglans nigra= Black walnut

41 Last Step: Get the dichotomous key practice paper from the front. Use the dichotomous keys to identify every organism on your paper. Good luck!