Animal Adaptations. Structure and Function

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1 Name period date assigned date due date returned 1. What is a variation 2. What is an adaptation omplete the chart with the examples from the power point. List adaptations that help animals do the following: getting food/nutrients Structure and unction movement protection reproduction 1

2 Visual Vocabulary Below are vocabulary words and definitions. Your task is to draw a picture to demonstrate the definition. adaptation variation behavior camouflage The process of changing in response to something, such as an environmental condition. marked difference or deviation from the normal or recognized form, function, or structure The actions and mannerisms made by organisms in response to their environment. It is sometimes a response to various stimuli. A method of concealment that allows an otherwise visible animal to remain unnoticed by blending with its environment. hibernation aestivation structure migration A state of inactivity and decreased metabolism. Typically characterized by slower heart rate, lower body temp and slower breathing. hibernation during the summer The arrangement of and relationship between the parts of something; The relatively long distance movement of individuals, usually on a seasonal basis. 2

3 11. Why can a coyote survive better in a new environment than a panda? 12. How do animal behaviors, such as hibernation or migration, enhance their survival? 13. What are some variations and adaptations that increase an animal s chance of survival? 14 Study the diagrams showing mouthparts of four different insects. Which of the following could be a valid explanation for the differences in mouthparts among insects? A B The insects each live in different climates, requiring a different type of feeding method. The mouthparts have modifications that are adapted to the insect s method of feeding. The mouthparts vary depending on the insect s wing to body length ratio. D The mouthparts are varied so that there is not competition within a single species of insect. 3

4 15 hameleons are reptiles that have the ability to hide from predators and prey by blending in with their environment. They can change the pattern and/or color of their skin. This ability is known as - G natural selection imitation H mimicry camouflage 16 Reptiles are described as being cold blooded, which means that their body temperature depends on the temperature of their environment. Alligators are a type of reptile. Which of these examples is MOST LIKELY a situation in which an alligator is trying to warm up his body? A B D an alligator lying on a river bank in the sun an alligator swimming to the bottom of a lake an alligator hiding in a hole dug into the side of a pond an alligator resting beneath the surface of a pond in the shade of a tree 4

5 17 During hibernation, the ground squirrel may breathe every four minutes, its heart beats four times a minute, and its body temperature drops to just above freezing. What is the purpose of hibernation? to survive unusually hot temperatures G to survive when food is available 18 Which of the following statements BEST describes the function of the large ears of an elephant? A The elephant s ears can be nearly 2 meters long B The ears help the elephant cool itself on a hot day. The elephant s ears have many blood vessels close to the surface. H to get sleep to survive cold temperatures when food is unavailable D Elephant s ears consist of thin layers of cartilage and skin. 19 Many deserts have a very hot, dry climate. Desert animals have developed many adaptations to survive in the desert. Which of these is an adaptation that a desert animal would MOST LIKELY develop in response to high temperatures found in the desert? G H They hibernate in the winter. They are active only at night? They lay eggs that must incubate in water. They have very dark fur and skin. 5

6 21 Polar bears are well suited to survive in their environment. Which of the following helps the polar bear maintain a relatively stable body temperature between 35 and 41? 20 Most organisms have coloration that helps them blend into their surroundings. Male peacocks have colorful, feathered tails. These conspicuous tails are used to - A building nests B attracting mates strong legs with large, hairy webbed feet G large stomach capacity allowing intervals of several weeks between feeding H black skin covered with transparent tubes of hair which direct sunlight to dark skin. flying and balance transparent eyelids D avoiding predators 22 The tails of animals can serve many important functions. They are mainly used in balance and locomotion. Many lizards have a fragile, detachable tail that will come off when they are attacked by predators, allowing them to escape. Why is the presence of a brightly colored, detachable tail an advantage for some lizards? A B D They are more likely to attract mates. Predators are more likely to grab them by the tail. It helps them blend into their natural environments. Predators are likely to be frightened away by a brightly colored tail. 6