Ch 1.2 Determining How Species Are Related.notebook February 06, 2018
|
|
- Myron Potter
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Name 3 "Big Ideas" from our last notebook lecture: * * * 1
2 WDYR? Of the following organisms, which is the closest relative of the "Snowy Owl" (Bubo scandiacus)? a) barn owl (Tyto alba) b) saw whet owl (Aegolius acadicus) c) great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) d) burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia) 2
3 1.2 Determining How Species Are Related Phylogenetic Tree 3
4 1.2 Learning Goals To understand that scientists use evidence from anatomy, physiology, and DNA in order to connect the evolutionary relationships between organisms Understand, create and apply information from a Phlylogenetic Tree in order to draw a Cladogram to demonstrate the evolutionary relationships between organisms 4
5 A) Shared Evolutionary History ancestor: an organism(s) from which other groups of organisms are descended Main goal of modern taxonomy is to determine the shared evolutionary history of groups of organisms Biologists assume that the greater the shared evolutionary history between organisms, the more closely related they are This can be done by comparing species living today with groups of species that lived in the past Scientists use evidence from several types of information to determine relatedness among organisms: Anatomy, Physiology, DNA 5
6 1. Evidence from Anatomy The study of the structure of organisms Uses anatomical evidence from living species to determine relationships among organisms Ex: similar bone structure may indicate a shared evolutionary history text p18 over millions of years, the size and the proportions of the bones have been modified for different purposes (swimming, flying, running, grasping) however the overall arrangement and similarities indicate a shared evolutionary history 6
7 2. Evidence from Physiology The study of the functioning of organisms both physical and chemical focuses on biochemistry of organisms and how they make their proteins Whether as enzymes, or as parts of cells and tissues, an organism's proteins are determined by the organism's genes text p19 Example: by analyzing insulin and blood proteins, it was discovered that the horseshoe crab is more closely related to spiders than to other shelled species 7
8 3. Evidence from DNA Genetic analysis Genes are sections of DNA made up of long chains of nucleotides Genes code instructions for making proteins The degree of genetic similarity is determined 8
9 Ch 1.2 Determining How Species Are Related.notebook The more genes and genetic sequences two individuals have in common, the more closely they are related Chimpanzees are our closest relatives...we have 98% of our genes in common with them! 9
10 B) Phylogenetic Trees and Cladograms phylogeny evolutionary history of an organism cladogram simplified branching diagram that has the same information as a Phylogenetic Tree 10
11 What's the link? "Since it is thought that all species evolve from a common ancestor, then all members of a group must have evolved through a series of events in which ancestral species gave rise to new species, each giving rise to a new lineage." 11
12 Phylogeny can be more easily illustrated using a " Cladogram" Branches represent a sequence of events with progressive evolutionary traits Root represents the common ancestor The "cladogram" groups organisms based on their phylogeny or evolutionary history Closely related organisms are classified together with all other organisms that share a common ancestor These related organisms are placed in the same monophyletic group called a clade 12
13 Examine the evolutionary relationship among major groups of vertebrates 13
14 Point in time when an ancestral group split, resulting in 2 species One species gave rise to the lineage of ray finned fish The other species became ancestral to all other new groups to come Events at A 14
15 Point in time when ancestral species split into 2 main lineages, one being mammals... Events at C 15
16 Inference Birds and crocodiles are more closely related (both from E) than crocodiles and turtles (E, D). Mammals are as closely related to turtles as they are to birds. All three organisms come from the common ancestor C. 16
17 Cladograms also show the sequence in which species split A is more ancient than B, which is more ancient than C, etc... 17
18 How to Draw a Cladogram: 1. Draw a large V 2. Draw branches from the base to represent each organism 3. The base represents progressive traits from the most ancient ancestor to the most recent organism 4. The outgroup is placed first at the top of the first branch 5. The evolution of derived characteristics occurs along the base between nodes 6. Speciation events (which gives rise to new lineages) occur at the nodes 18
19 When constructing a cladogram, refer to two groups: Ingroup Species or groups chosen for study Outgroup Similar but distantly related group Note... Each member of the ingroup is compared to the outgroup Since the outgroup is distantly related, any trait shared by ingroup members (and not found in the outgroup) is called a "shared derived trait" The more closely related organisms are, the more genetic similarities they have 19
20 How to draw a Cladogram! Video #1: Video #2: v=c58k8wnul1y 20
21 Let's try one together... Sample Cladogram #1: Characteristic Bacterial Cell Shark Bullfrog Kangaroo Human vertebrae pairs of limbs mammary glands + + placenta + 21
22 Sample cladogram #2 22
23 Answer: outgroup ingroup lamprey pike Questions?? lungfish turtle A bony wolf shell jaws gorilla lungs hair human grasping hands a) Which 2 species are most closely related? b) Are pike more closely related to lungfish or to gorillas? c) Which of the derived traits came into existence before the bony shell? B C D E F derived traits 23
24 Importance of Classification to the Real World Scientists looking for new pharmaceutical drugs and hormones can narrow search to organisms related to already known species that produce valuable proteins or chemicals Scientists can more easily trace the transmission of diseases Scientists continue to develop agricultural GMO's Scientists discover new species, or re classify existing organisms as a new separate species in order to implement protective conservation laws against poaching 24
25 Dr. Paul Hebert, a Geneticist at the University of Guelph, has gone "techy" with classification! He is assigning coloured computer bar codes for all living organisms in the world! The more closely the "bar codes" look alike, the more closely related the species are! 25
26 Review & Learning Check Read p Answer Q's 2,5,6,7, 8,9a p23 26
Modern Evolutionary Classification. Lesson Overview. Lesson Overview Modern Evolutionary Classification
Lesson Overview 18.2 Modern Evolutionary Classification THINK ABOUT IT Darwin s ideas about a tree of life suggested a new way to classify organisms not just based on similarities and differences, but
More informationLet s Build a Cladogram!
Name Let s Build a Cladogram! Date Introduction: Cladistics is one of the newest trends in the modern classification of organisms. This method shows the relationship between different organisms based on
More informationCLADISTICS Student Packet SUMMARY Phylogeny Phylogenetic trees/cladograms
CLADISTICS Student Packet SUMMARY PHYLOGENETIC TREES AND CLADOGRAMS ARE MODELS OF EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY THAT CAN BE TESTED Phylogeny is the history of descent of organisms from their common ancestor. Phylogenetic
More informationWhat is the evidence for evolution?
What is the evidence for evolution? 1. Geographic Distribution 2. Fossil Evidence & Transitional Species 3. Comparative Anatomy 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures
More informationWarm-Up: Fill in the Blank
Warm-Up: Fill in the Blank 1. For natural selection to happen, there must be variation in the population. 2. The preserved remains of organisms, called provides evidence for evolution. 3. By using and
More informationUNIT III A. Descent with Modification(Ch19) B. Phylogeny (Ch20) C. Evolution of Populations (Ch21) D. Origin of Species or Speciation (Ch22)
UNIT III A. Descent with Modification(Ch9) B. Phylogeny (Ch2) C. Evolution of Populations (Ch2) D. Origin of Species or Speciation (Ch22) Classification in broad term simply means putting things in classes
More informationName: Date: Hour: Fill out the following character matrix. Mark an X if an organism has the trait.
Name: Date: Hour: CLADOGRAM ANALYSIS What is a cladogram? It is a diagram that depicts evolutionary relationships among groups. It is based on PHYLOGENY, which is the study of evolutionary relationships.
More informationAP Lab Three: Comparing DNA Sequences to Understand Evolutionary Relationships with BLAST
AP Biology Name AP Lab Three: Comparing DNA Sequences to Understand Evolutionary Relationships with BLAST In the 1990 s when scientists began to compile a list of genes and DNA sequences in the human genome
More information17.2 Classification Based on Evolutionary Relationships Organization of all that speciation!
Organization of all that speciation! Patterns of evolution.. Taxonomy gets an over haul! Using more than morphology! 3 domains, 6 kingdoms KEY CONCEPT Modern classification is based on evolutionary relationships.
More informationLecture 11 Wednesday, September 19, 2012
Lecture 11 Wednesday, September 19, 2012 Phylogenetic tree (phylogeny) Darwin and classification: In the Origin, Darwin said that descent from a common ancestral species could explain why the Linnaean
More informationINQUIRY & INVESTIGATION
INQUIRY & INVESTIGTION Phylogenies & Tree-Thinking D VID. UM SUSN OFFNER character a trait or feature that varies among a set of taxa (e.g., hair color) character-state a variant of a character that occurs
More informationComparing DNA Sequences Cladogram Practice
Name Period Assignment # See lecture questions 75, 122-123, 127, 137 Comparing DNA Sequences Cladogram Practice BACKGROUND Between 1990 2003, scientists working on an international research project known
More informationSpecies: Panthera pardus Genus: Panthera Family: Felidae Order: Carnivora Class: Mammalia Phylum: Chordata
CHAPTER 6: PHYLOGENY AND THE TREE OF LIFE AP Biology 3 PHYLOGENY AND SYSTEMATICS Phylogeny - evolutionary history of a species or group of related species Systematics - analytical approach to understanding
More informationBio 1B Lecture Outline (please print and bring along) Fall, 2006
Bio 1B Lecture Outline (please print and bring along) Fall, 2006 B.D. Mishler, Dept. of Integrative Biology 2-6810, bmishler@berkeley.edu Evolution lecture #4 -- Phylogenetic Analysis (Cladistics) -- Oct.
More informationWhat are taxonomy, classification, and systematics?
Topic 2: Comparative Method o Taxonomy, classification, systematics o Importance of phylogenies o A closer look at systematics o Some key concepts o Parts of a cladogram o Groups and characters o Homology
More informationTOPIC CLADISTICS
TOPIC 5.4 - CLADISTICS 5.4 A Clades & Cladograms https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/clade-grade_ii.svg IB BIO 5.4 3 U1: A clade is a group of organisms that have evolved from a common
More informationIntroduction to phylogenetic trees and tree-thinking Copyright 2005, D. A. Baum (Free use for non-commercial educational pruposes)
Introduction to phylogenetic trees and tree-thinking Copyright 2005, D. A. Baum (Free use for non-commercial educational pruposes) Phylogenetics is the study of the relationships of organisms to each other.
More informationLABORATORY EXERCISE 6: CLADISTICS I
Biology 4415/5415 Evolution LABORATORY EXERCISE 6: CLADISTICS I Take a group of organisms. Let s use five: a lungfish, a frog, a crocodile, a flamingo, and a human. How to reconstruct their relationships?
More informationFig Phylogeny & Systematics
Fig. 26- Phylogeny & Systematics Tree of Life phylogenetic relationship for 3 clades (http://evolution.berkeley.edu Fig. 26-2 Phylogenetic tree Figure 26.3 Taxonomy Taxon Carolus Linnaeus Species: Panthera
More informationComparing DNA Sequence to Understand
Comparing DNA Sequence to Understand Evolutionary Relationships with BLAST Name: Big Idea 1: Evolution Pre-Reading In order to understand the purposes and learning objectives of this investigation, you
More informationLearning Goals: 1. I can list the traditional classification hierarchy in order.
Learning Goals: 1. I can list the traditional classification hierarchy in order. 2. I can explain what binomial nomenclature is, and where an organism gets its first and last name. 3. I can read and create
More informationIf fungi, plants, and animals all have nuclei, this makes them which type of cell? What trait do the mushroom and gecko share that the tree lacks?
Objectives Before doing this lab you should understand what cladograms show and how they are constructed. After doing this lab you should be able to use cladograms to answer questions on how different
More informationCOMPARING DNA SEQUENCES TO UNDERSTAND EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS WITH BLAST
Big Idea 1 Evolution INVESTIGATION 3 COMPARING DNA SEQUENCES TO UNDERSTAND EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS WITH BLAST How can bioinformatics be used as a tool to determine evolutionary relationships and to
More informationIntroduction to Cladistic Analysis
3.0 Copyright 2008 by Department of Integrative Biology, University of California-Berkeley Introduction to Cladistic Analysis tunicate lamprey Cladoselache trout lungfish frog four jaws swimbladder or
More informationModern taxonomy. Building family trees 10/10/2011. Knowing a lot about lots of creatures. Tom Hartman. Systematics includes: 1.
Modern taxonomy Building family trees Tom Hartman www.tuatara9.co.uk Classification has moved away from the simple grouping of organisms according to their similarities (phenetics) and has become the study
More informationmuscles (enhancing biting strength). Possible states: none, one, or two.
Reconstructing Evolutionary Relationships S-1 Practice Exercise: Phylogeny of Terrestrial Vertebrates In this example we will construct a phylogenetic hypothesis of the relationships between seven taxa
More informationLABORATORY EXERCISE 7: CLADISTICS I
Biology 4415/5415 Evolution LABORATORY EXERCISE 7: CLADISTICS I Take a group of organisms. Let s use five: a lungfish, a frog, a crocodile, a flamingo, and a human. How to reconstruct their relationships?
More informationGeo 302D: Age of Dinosaurs LAB 4: Systematics Part 1
Geo 302D: Age of Dinosaurs LAB 4: Systematics Part 1 Systematics is the comparative study of biological diversity with the intent of determining the relationships between organisms. Humankind has always
More informationCladistics (reading and making of cladograms)
Cladistics (reading and making of cladograms) Definitions Systematics The branch of biological sciences concerned with classifying organisms Taxon (pl: taxa) Any unit of biological diversity (eg. Animalia,
More informationSystematics, Taxonomy and Conservation. Part I: Build a phylogenetic tree Part II: Apply a phylogenetic tree to a conservation problem
Systematics, Taxonomy and Conservation Part I: Build a phylogenetic tree Part II: Apply a phylogenetic tree to a conservation problem What is expected of you? Part I: develop and print the cladogram there
More informationTitle: Phylogenetic Methods and Vertebrate Phylogeny
Title: Phylogenetic Methods and Vertebrate Phylogeny Central Question: How can evolutionary relationships be determined objectively? Sub-questions: 1. What affect does the selection of the outgroup have
More informationCOMPARING DNA SEQUENCES TO UNDERSTAND EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS WITH BLAST
COMPARING DNA SEQUENCES TO UNDERSTAND EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS WITH BLAST In this laboratory investigation, you will use BLAST to compare several genes, and then use the information to construct a cladogram.
More information1 EEB 2245/2245W Spring 2014: exercises working with phylogenetic trees and characters
1 EEB 2245/2245W Spring 2014: exercises working with phylogenetic trees and characters 1. Answer questions a through i below using the tree provided below. a. The sister group of J. K b. The sister group
More informationComparative Zoology Portfolio Project Assignment
Comparative Zoology Portfolio Project Assignment Using your knowledge from the in class activities, your notes, you Integrated Science text, or the internet, you will look at the major trends in the evolution
More informationEvidence for Evolution by Natural Selection. Hunting for evolution clues Elementary, my dear, Darwin!
Evidence for Evolution by Natural Selection Hunting for evolution clues Elementary, my dear, Darwin! 2006-2007 Evidence supporting evolution Fossil record shows change over time Anatomical record comparing
More informationMAKING CLADOGRAMS: Background and Procedures Phylogeny, Evolution, and Comparative Anatomy
MK DOM: Background and rocedures hylogeny, volution, and omparative natomy. oncept: Modern classification is based on evolution. B. Background: One way to discover how groups of organisms are related to
More informationVERTEBRATE READING. Fishes
VERTEBRATE READING Fishes The first vertebrates to become a widespread, predominant life form on earth were fishes. Prior to this, only invertebrates, such as mollusks, worms and squid-like animals, would
More informationInterpreting Evolutionary Trees Honors Integrated Science 4 Name Per.
Interpreting Evolutionary Trees Honors Integrated Science 4 Name Per. Introduction Imagine a single diagram representing the evolutionary relationships between everything that has ever lived. If life evolved
More informationEvolution of Birds. Summary:
Oregon State Standards OR Science 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.3S.1, 7.3S.2 8.1, 8.2, 8.2L.1, 8.3, 8.3S.1, 8.3S.2 H.1, H.2, H.2L.4, H.2L.5, H.3, H.3S.1, H.3S.2, H.3S.3 Summary: Students create phylogenetic trees to
More informationEvolution as Fact. The figure below shows transitional fossils in the whale lineage.
Evolution as Fact Evolution is a fact. Organisms descend from others with modification. Phylogeny, the lineage of ancestors and descendants, is the scientific term to Darwin's phrase "descent with modification."
More informationCh. 17: Classification
Ch. 17: Classification Who is Carolus Linnaeus? Linnaeus developed the scientific naming system still used today. Taxonomy What is? the science of naming and classifying organisms. A taxon group of organisms
More informationTaxonomy and Pylogenetics
Taxonomy and Pylogenetics Taxonomy - Biological Classification First invented in 1700 s by Carolus Linneaus for organizing plant and animal species. Based on overall anatomical similarity. Similarity due
More informationYour web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore
Your web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore Activitydevelop EXPLO RING VERTEBRATE CL ASSIFICATIO N What criteria
More informationPhylogenetics. Phylogenetic Trees. 1. Represent presumed patterns. 2. Analogous to family trees.
Phylogenetics. Phylogenetic Trees. 1. Represent presumed patterns of descent. 2. Analogous to family trees. 3. Resolve taxa, e.g., species, into clades each of which includes an ancestral taxon and all
More informationAnimal Diversity wrap-up Lecture 9 Winter 2014
Animal Diversity wrap-up Lecture 9 Winter 2014 1 Animal phylogeny based on morphology & development Fig. 32.10 2 Animal phylogeny based on molecular data Fig. 32.11 New Clades 3 Lophotrochozoa Lophophore:
More informationT. 6. THE VERTEBRATES
T. 6. THE VERTEBRATES 1.- Relate the following concepts to their definition. Later, relate each concept to one of the pictures you are going to see. 1.- FIN a.- mammals with their babies 2.- GILLS b.-
More informationComparing DNA Sequences to Understand Evolutionary Relationships with BLAST
Comparing DNA Sequences to Understand Evolutionary Relationships with BLAST INVESTIGATION 3 BIG IDEA 1 Lab Investigation 3: BLAST Pre-Lab Essential Question: How can bioinformatics be used as a tool to
More informationHistory of Lineages. Chapter 11. Jamie Oaks 1. April 11, Kincaid Hall 524. c 2007 Boris Kulikov boris-kulikov.blogspot.
History of Lineages Chapter 11 Jamie Oaks 1 1 Kincaid Hall 524 joaks1@gmail.com April 11, 2014 c 2007 Boris Kulikov boris-kulikov.blogspot.com History of Lineages J. Oaks, University of Washington 1/46
More informationPhylogeny Reconstruction
Phylogeny Reconstruction Trees, Methods and Characters Reading: Gregory, 2008. Understanding Evolutionary Trees (Polly, 2006) Lab tomorrow Meet in Geology GY522 Bring computers if you have them (they will
More informationMANSFIELD SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL / SCIENCE / A. There is no God. B. All living things on Earth are related.
The Evidence of Evolution Name: Date: 1. Biological Evolutions makes 2 very bold claims about living creatures.what are they circle 2. A. There is no God. B. All living things on Earth are related. C.
More informationCHAPTER 26. Animal Evolution The Vertebrates
CHAPTER 26 Animal Evolution The Vertebrates Impacts, Issues: Interpreting and Misinterpreting the Past No one was around to witness the transitions in the history of life Fossils allow us glimpses into
More information1 Describe the anatomy and function of the turtle shell. 2 Describe respiration in turtles. How does the shell affect respiration?
GVZ 2017 Practice Questions Set 1 Test 3 1 Describe the anatomy and function of the turtle shell. 2 Describe respiration in turtles. How does the shell affect respiration? 3 According to the most recent
More informationVertebrates. Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone and an endoskeleton.
Vertebrates Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone and an endoskeleton. The backbone replaces the notochord and contains bones called vertebrae. An endoskeleton is an internal skeleton that protects
More informationVertebrate Structure and Function
Vertebrate Structure and Function Part 1 - Comparing Structure and Function Classification of Vertebrates a. Phylum: Chordata Common Characteristics: Notochord, pharyngeal gill slits, hollow dorsal nerve
More informationRed Eared Slider Secrets. Although Most Red-Eared Sliders Can Live Up to Years, Most WILL NOT Survive Two Years!
Although Most Red-Eared Sliders Can Live Up to 45-60 Years, Most WILL NOT Survive Two Years! Chris Johnson 2014 2 Red Eared Slider Secrets Although Most Red-Eared Sliders Can Live Up to 45-60 Years, Most
More informationTesting Phylogenetic Hypotheses with Molecular Data 1
Testing Phylogenetic Hypotheses with Molecular Data 1 How does an evolutionary biologist quantify the timing and pathways for diversification (speciation)? If we observe diversification today, the processes
More informationAnimal Diversity III: Mollusca and Deuterostomes
Animal Diversity III: Mollusca and Deuterostomes Objectives: Be able to identify specimens from the main groups of Mollusca and Echinodermata. Be able to distinguish between the bilateral symmetry on a
More informationThe Making of the Fittest: LESSON STUDENT MATERIALS USING DNA TO EXPLORE LIZARD PHYLOGENY
The Making of the Fittest: Natural The The Making Origin Selection of the of Species and Fittest: Adaptation Natural Lizards Selection in an Evolutionary and Adaptation Tree INTRODUCTION USING DNA TO EXPLORE
More informationClassification systems help us to understand where humans fit into the history of life on earth Organizing the great diversity of life into
You are here Classification systems help us to understand where humans fit into the history of life on earth Organizing the great diversity of life into categories (groups based on shared characteristics)
More informationResources. Visual Concepts. Chapter Presentation. Copyright by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter Presentation Visual Concepts Transparencies Standardized Test Prep Introduction to Vertebrates Table of Contents Section 1 Vertebrates in the Sea and on Land Section 2 Terrestrial Vertebrates Section
More informationPage # Diversity of Arthropoda Crustacea Morphology. Diversity of Arthropoda. Diversity of Arthropoda. Diversity of Arthropoda. Arthropods, from last
Arthropods, from last time Crustacea are the dominant marine arthropods Crustacea are the dominant marine arthropods any terrestrial crustaceans? Should we call them shellfish? sowbugs 2 3 Crustacea Morphology
More informationMay 10, SWBAT analyze and evaluate the scientific evidence provided by the fossil record.
May 10, 2017 Aims: SWBAT analyze and evaluate the scientific evidence provided by the fossil record. Agenda 1. Do Now 2. Class Notes 3. Guided Practice 4. Independent Practice 5. Practicing our AIMS: E.3-Examining
More information1 Sorting It All Out. Say It
CHAPTER 11 1 Sorting It All Out SECTION Classification 7.3.d California Science Standards BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is classification?
More informationBioinformatics: Investigating Molecular/Biochemical Evidence for Evolution
Bioinformatics: Investigating Molecular/Biochemical Evidence for Evolution Background How does an evolutionary biologist decide how closely related two different species are? The simplest way is to compare
More informationHomework: 1. Catalyst 2. Cladogram Building 3. Jigsaw Reading. Agenda:
Friday/Monday, October 6/9, 2017 Your Learning Goal: SWBAT compare relationships between species to place them on a modified family tree called a cladogram. Table of Contents: Lines of Descent - 9R+L Key
More informationRCPS7-Science-Evolution (RCPS7-Science-Evolution) 1. Which is an adaptation that makes it possible for the animal to survive in a cold climate?
Name: Date: 1. Which is an adaptation that makes it possible for the animal to survive in a cold climate? A. tail on a lizard B. scales on a fish C. stripes on a tiger D. fur on a bear 2. Use the picture
More informationEvolution. Evolution is change in organisms over time. Evolution does not have a goal; it is often shaped by natural selection (see below).
Evolution Evolution is change in organisms over time. Evolution does not have a goal; it is often shaped by natural selection (see below). Species an interbreeding population of organisms that can produce
More informationBio 10 - Lecture 17: Evolu3on2
EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION Evolu3on leaves observable signs. We will examine five of the many lines of evidence in support of evolu3on: 1. the fossil record, 2. biogeography, 3. compara3ve anatomy, 4. compara3ve
More informationName Date When you put food away in the kitchen, you sort the food into groups. You put foods that are alike in certain ways into the same
1 Name Date When you put food away in the kitchen, you sort the food into groups. You put foods that are alike in certain ways into the same group. Scientists do the same thing with animals, plants and
More informationClassification. Chapter 17. Classification. Classification. Classification
Classification Chapter 17 Classification Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities. Classification shows how organisms are related and different. Classification
More informationDEUTEROSTOMES. This presentation contains copyrighted material under the educational fair use exemption to the U.S. copyright law.
DEUTEROSTOMES This presentation contains copyrighted material under the educational fair use exemption to the U.S. copyright law. Deuterostome Echinodermata body plan! Body plan! Larvae are bilateral!
More informationPhylogeny of Animalia (overview)
The Diversity of Animals 2 Chapter 23 Phylogeny of Animalia (overview) Key features of Chordates Phylum Chordata (the Chordates) includes both invertebrates and vertebrates that share (at some point in
More informationUnit 19.3: Amphibians
Unit 19.3: Amphibians Lesson Objectives Describe structure and function in amphibians. Outline the reproduction and development of amphibians. Identify the three living amphibian orders. Describe how amphibians
More informationSection 4 Professor Donald McFarlane
A A R 3/31/2011 Craniates Vertebrates Gnathostomes Lobe fins Tetrapods Amniotes Reptilia Section 4 Professor Donald McFarlane Myxini (hagfish) Petro omyzontida (lampreys) (cartilaginous fishes) Chondrichthyes
More informationFish 2/26/13. Chordates 2. Sharks and Rays (about 470 species) Sharks etc Bony fish. Tetrapods. Osteichthans Lobe fins and lungfish
Chordates 2 Sharks etc Bony fish Osteichthans Lobe fins and lungfish Tetrapods ns Reptiles Birds Feb 27, 2013 Chordates ANCESTRAL DEUTEROSTOME Notochord Common ancestor of chordates Head Vertebral column
More informationDo the traits of organisms provide evidence for evolution?
PhyloStrat Tutorial Do the traits of organisms provide evidence for evolution? Consider two hypotheses about where Earth s organisms came from. The first hypothesis is from John Ray, an influential British
More informationNAME: DATE: SECTION:
NAME: DATE: SECTION: MCAS PREP PACKET EVOLUTION AND BIODIVERSITY 1. Which of the following observations best supports the conclusion that dolphins and sharks do not have a recent common ancestor? A. Dolphins
More informationNo limbs Eastern glass lizard. Monitor lizard. Iguanas. ANCESTRAL LIZARD (with limbs) Snakes. No limbs. Geckos Pearson Education, Inc.
No limbs Eastern glass lizard Monitor lizard guanas ANCESTRAL LZARD (with limbs) No limbs Snakes Geckos Species: Panthera pardus Genus: Panthera Family: Felidae Order: Carnivora Class: Mammalia Phylum:
More information5 pt. 10 pt. 15 pt. 20 pt. 25 pt
Final Jeopardy Characteristics of Vertebrates Characteristics of Fish Amphibians Reptiles Chapter 16 Vocabulary 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 10 pt 10 pt 10 pt 10 pt 10 pt 15 pt 15 pt 15 pt 15 pt 15 pt 20 pt
More informationName Date Class. From the list below, choose the term that best completes each sentence.
Name Date Class Structure and Function of Vertebrates Review and Reinforce Birds Understanding Main Ideas Answer the following questions. 1. What are four characteristics that all birds share? 2. What
More informationHuman Evolution. Lab Exercise 17. Introduction. Contents. Objectives
Lab Exercise Human Evolution Contents Objectives 1 Introduction 1 Activity.1 Data Collection 2 Activity.2 Phylogenetic Tree 3 Resutls Section 4 Introduction One of the methods of analysis biologists use
More informationEvolution on Exhibit Hints for Teachers
1 Evolution on Exhibit Hints for Teachers This gallery activity explores a variety of evolution themes that are well illustrated by gallery specimens and exhibits. Each activity is aligned with the NGSS
More informationCh 34: Vertebrate Objective Questions & Diagrams
Ch 34: Vertebrate Objective Questions & Diagrams Invertebrate Chordates and the Origin of Vertebrates 1. Distinguish between the two subgroups of deuterostomes. 2. Describe the four unique characteristics
More informationAnimal Evolution The Chordates. Chapter 26 Part 2
Animal Evolution The Chordates Chapter 26 Part 2 26.10 Birds The Feathered Ones Birds are the only animals with feathers Descendants of flying dinosaurs in which scales became modified as feathers Long
More information6. The lifetime Darwinian fitness of one organism is greater than that of another organism if: A. it lives longer than the other B. it is able to outc
1. The money in the kingdom of Florin consists of bills with the value written on the front, and pictures of members of the royal family on the back. To test the hypothesis that all of the Florinese $5
More informationField Trip: Harvard Museum of Natural History (HMNH)
Field Trip: Harvard Museum of Natural History (HMNH) Objectives To observe the diversity of animals. To compare and contrast the various adaptations, body plans, etc. of the animals found at the HMNH.
More informationLet s learn about ANIMALS. Level : School:.
Let s learn about ANIMALS Name: Level : School:. 1. CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS There are many different animals and we can classify them according to: Their skeleton: Vertebrates have a skeleton but Invertebrates
More informationName: Per. Date: 1. How many different species of living things exist today?
Name: Per. Date: Life Has a History We will be using this website for the activity: http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/education/explorations/tours/intro/index.html Procedure: A. Open the above website and click
More informationFishes, Amphibians, Reptiles
Fishes, Amphibians, Reptiles Section 1: What is a Vertebrate? Characteristics of CHORDATES Most are Vertebrates (have a spinal cord) Some point in life cycle all chordates have: Notochord Nerve cord that
More informationName Class Date. After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions:
CHAPTER 14 2 The Animal Kingdom SECTION Introduction to Animals BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is diversity? What are vertebrates? What
More informationUnit 7: Adaptation STUDY GUIDE Name: SCORE:
Unit 7: Adaptation STUDY GUIDE Name: SCORE: 1. Which is an adaptation that makes it possible for the animal to survive in a cold climate? A. tail on a lizard B. scales on a fish C. stripes on a tiger D.
More informationMammalogy: Biology 5370 Syllabus for Fall 2005
Mammalogy: Biology 5370 Syllabus for Fall 2005 Objective: This lecture course provides an overview of the evolution, diversity, structure and function and ecology of mammals. It will introduce you to the
More informationThe impact of the recognizing evolution on systematics
The impact of the recognizing evolution on systematics 1. Genealogical relationships between species could serve as the basis for taxonomy 2. Two sources of similarity: (a) similarity from descent (b)
More informationThe Evolution of Chordates
The Evolution of Chordates Phylum Chordata belongs to clade Deuterostomata. Deuterostomes have events of development in common with one another. 1. Coelom from archenteron surrounded by mesodermal tissue.
More informationBiology 1B Evolution Lecture 11 (March 19, 2010), Insights from the Fossil Record and Evo-Devo
Biology 1B Evolution Lecture 11 (March 19, 2010), Insights from the Fossil Record and Evo-Devo Extinction Important points on extinction rates: Background rate of extinctions per million species per year:
More informationThese small issues are easily addressed by small changes in wording, and should in no way delay publication of this first- rate paper.
Reviewers' comments: Reviewer #1 (Remarks to the Author): This paper reports on a highly significant discovery and associated analysis that are likely to be of broad interest to the scientific community.
More informationUnderstanding Evolutionary History: An Introduction to Tree Thinking
1 Understanding Evolutionary History: An Introduction to Tree Thinking Laura R. Novick Kefyn M. Catley Emily G. Schreiber Vanderbilt University Western Carolina University Vanderbilt University Version
More informationLiving Dinosaurs (3-5) Animal Demonstrations
Living Dinosaurs (3-5) Animal Demonstrations At a glance Students visiting the zoo will be introduced to live animals and understand their connection to a common ancestor, dinosaurs. Time requirement One
More informationClassification and Taxonomy
NAME: DATE: PERIOD: Taxonomy: the science of classifying organisms Classification and Taxonomy Common names of organisms: Spider monkey Clown fish Mud puppy Black bear Ringworm Sea horse Sea monkey Firefly
More informationThe Evolutionary Tree
jonathanpark book2 9/22/04 6:01 PM Page 29 The Mysterious Stranger The Evolutionary Tree Have you ever seen the evolutionary tree? This diagram is used by evolutionists to try and figure out what animals
More information