Name: Per. Date: 1. How many different species of living things exist today?

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1 Name: Per. Date: Life Has a History We will be using this website for the activity: Procedure: A. Open the above website and click on Level 2 B. Read the information and follow the instructions. C. Answer the questions on this worksheet as you work through the site. Student Questions 1. How many different species of living things exist today? 2. Record the number of organisms: Group Arthropods insects, crustaceans, arachnids, and their kin. Molluscs snails, clams, squids, octopi, and their kin Flatworms a group of soft-bodied invertebrate worms that have no body cavity. Their digestive cavity has only one opening for both the ingestion (intake of nutrients) and egestion (removal of undigested wastes). Roundworms a group of soft-bodied invertebrate worms that do have a body cavity and digestive system with 2 openings. Mammals distinguished from reptiles and birds by the possession of hair, three middle ear bones, mammary glands, and a neocortex (a region of the brain). Land Plants everything from liverworts to redwoods. Fungi - microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. Protists a diverse set of organisms that live in almost any environment that contains liquid water. Range from parasites to algae. # Species 3. Which group of animals has the largest number of species? 4. How many mammal species exist today? 5. Number the organisms from 1 (most abundant) to 8 (least abundant): Mammals Molluscs Roundworms Arthropods Flatworms Land Plants Fungi Protists

2 6. What is biodiversity (click on the purple links for definitions): Million Years Ago What was the name of the period? What was the dominant predator? What was the first arthropod? Million Years Ago What was the name of the period? What large marine reptile existed? 9. How old is the earth? 10. Fill in the blanks of the timeline 11. The best source of evidence for determining events in earth's history is 12. What is a paleontologist? 13. Identify three fossils from the image. Name them and point to them with an arrow Top row - Middle - Bottom What 4 features are found in therapods?

3 15. What is a cladogram? 16. What is divergence? 17. To which animal are the crane and eagle most closely related? 18. What other data (besides physical features) do scientists use to find if organisms are related? List 3 things. 19. What birds on the Galapagos Islands were adapted to different regions? 20. The beaks of the birds vary with what? 21. What would happen if the environment changed and only plants with larger, harder seeds survived? How do you think that might affect the population of Geospiza fortis finches? 22. What is geographic isolation? 23. Identify the extinct creature. 24. Name two animals that have gone extinct since humans have been around. Summary Question: Why is your (human s) life history dependent on events that took place millions of years ago?

4 Phylogeny (a.k.a. evolutionary trees) We will be using this website for the activity: Procedure: A. Open the above website and click on Student Start B. Use the drop-down menu and pick folder 2. Read through each slide and when finished, click on the purple word (usually more ) C. Continue onto folder 3. Stop when you get to the slide that says let s explore vertebrates. D. Now answer each of the following Student Questions. Student Questions 1. What is a cladogram? 2. Draw a cladogram with a frog, cow and horse correctly placed. 3. Please circle the answer that best completes this statement: A "common ancestor" is: a. one that is very commonly seen in the fossil record. b. one that is shared by two or more organisms. c. one that has no distinguishing features and is therefore very "common." Read the following statements then answer the question below. All organisms inherit their features from their ancestors. Organisms resemble their most recent ancestors more closely than distant ancestors. Over time evolution occurs and new features appear. 4. Which of these statements are accurate? a. A and C. b. B and C. c. All of the above. d. None of the above. 5. Examine the diagram to the right and information below: Crocodiles are more closely related to squirrels than to frippities. Frippities share a more recent ancestor with Triceratops than with Pigeons. Frippities probably laid eggs. All of these animals share the same ancestor. Which of the statements are accurate? a. A and C. b. B and D. c. C and D. d. A, B, C, and D.

5 6. Below is a cladogram of the major groups of life. You will notice it is upside down compared to those you have seen. Examine the cladogram and then answer the questions below. To which group do humans belong? What must have been true about the common ancestor of amphibians, turtles, snakes and lizards, crocodiles and birds, and mammals (hint: what does tetrapod mean?) Based on your answer to b, what must have happened to snakes? Do humans share a more common ancestor with insects or with flatworms?