1. Bellamya bengalensis Lamarck, Paludina bengalensis Lamarck, Hist. nat. anim. Sans. Vert. 6 (2): 174.

Transcription

1 1. Bellamya bengalensis Lamarck, Paludina bengalensis Lamarck, Hist. nat. anim. Sans. Vert. 6 (2): Vivipara bengalensis: Annandale, Rec. Indian Mus., 22: 267. Latest name- Bellamya bengalensis: Subba rao, 1989, Handbook of Freshwater Molluscs of India, p. 45. Diagnosis- Shell thin, more or less smooth, with three or more colored bands, embryonic shell delicate or thin, with three primary rows of chaetae, low ridges, the lowermost well developed, sometimes developing in to a keel, secondary ridges bearing chaetae may develop between the primary ones. Distribution: India- Common throughout. Elsewhere- Myanmar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka. Remarks- It is common freshwater molluscs of India. Elsewhere- Myanmar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Pakistan. Remarks- It is easily recognized due to absence of thick spiral bands and elevated ridge. 107

2 2. Lymnaea (Pseudusuccinea) acuminata form typica Lamarck, Limnaea acuminata Lamarck, Hist. nat. Anim. Sans. Vert., 6 (2): 160. Type locality: Bengal Limnaea acuminata: Annandale and Rao, Rec. Indian Mus., 27: Lymnaea acuminata form typica: Subba Rao, Handbook of Freshwater Molluscs of India, p.127, figs. 258, 259 Type location: Natural History Museum: London. Latest name and Reference: Lymnaea (Pseudusuccinea) acuminata f. typica Mitra, Dey and Ramakrishna, 2005, Fauna of Andhra Pradesh, State Series, 5 (Part-5), p Zool. Surv. India. Shell thin, ovate, spire fort, acuminate, body whorl much inflated, a little angular above, with a large aperture. Remark: This species usually occurs in permanent water bodies with abundant vegetations. Distribution: India: Throughout. 108

3 3. Lymnaea (Pseudusuccinea) luteola typica Lamarck, Limnaea luteola Lamark, Hist. nat. Anim. Sans. Vert., 6 (2) 160. Type locality: Pondicherry Limnaea luteola: Annandale and Rao, Rec. Indian Mus., 27: Lymnaea (Pseudusuccinea) luteola form typica: Subba Rao. Handbook of Freshwater Molluscs of India, p. 129, figs. 275, 276. Type location: MNHN Latest name and Reference: Lymnaea (Pseudusuccinea) luteola form typica Mitra, Dey and Ramakrishna, 2005, Fauna of Andhra Pradesh, State Series, 5 (Part-5), p Zool. Surv. India. Shell less inflated, thin and glossy, relatively smaller and laterally compressed, spire gradually tapering and more produced, aperture narrow. Distribution: India: Throughout India. Elsewhere: Bangladesh, Myanmar Nepal, Pakistan. 109

4 4. Physa acuta Draparnaud, Physa acuta Draparnaud, Histoire naturelle des mollusques terrestres et. fltuviatiles de la f'rance Paris: 55. Type locality: River Garonne, France Physa acuta Brown, Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical importance, p. 212, fig. 115a. Type location: Not known Latest name and Reference: Physa acuta Surya Rao, 1997, Fauna of Delhi, State Fauna Series, 6, p Zool. Surv. India. Shell moderate, sinistral, ovate, transparent but thick and sharply pointed apex; spire Sharpe and pointed; sutures oblique; body whirl large and around; sculpture smooth; aperture ovate. Distribution: India: Maharashtra: Delhi. Elsewhere: North America, introducing in Europe, Africa and South East Asia: Pakistan. Remark: The species prefers polluted water, found commonly in irrigation channels dams, and streams in or near town and may be well adapted to undergo anhydrobiosis (Brown, 1940). Though this species has only recorded from India (Pune, Maharashtra) by Subba Rao et al., (1994); the large numbers of examples collected, suggest its abundant occurrence in river Yamuna at Delhi (Surya Rao et al., 1997). 110

5 5. Tarebia lineata Gray, Helix lineata Gray, in Wood's Index Test. Suppl., 24, fig. 68. Type locality: Ganges 1915 Tiara (Tarebia) lineata: Preston, Fauna Brit. India, Mollusca (Freshwater Gastropoda and Pelecypoda): 34. Type location: National History Museum, London. Latest name and Reference: Tarebia lineata: Mitra, Dey and Ramakrishna, 2005, Fauna of Andhra Pradesh, State Series, 5(Part-5), p Zool. Surv. Iadia. Shell elongate, conical, rows of nodules less distinct, rather obsolete on the lower whorls, dark spiral lines distinct, apex acute. Bioecological studies of this species, including brood pouch count, population, growth rate etc. were made by Subba Rao and Mitra (1982). Distribution: India: Andhra Pradesh: Cuddapah, Khammam, Kurnool, Prakasam Srikakulum, Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Utter Pradesh West Bengal : Bardhaman, Kolkata, Haora, Hugh, Nadia, North & South 24 Paraganas. Elsewhere- Bhutan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka. 111

6 6. Melanoides tuberculata Mueller, Nerita tuberculata Mueller, Hist. Verm. Terr. Fluv. 2: 191. Type locality: Coromandel Coast Melania pyramis: Benson, J. Asiat. Soc. Beng., 5: 354. (Type locality: Ganges) Melanoides (Melanoides) tuberculata: Starmuehlner,.Ann. Natur. Hist. Mus. Wien., 80: Thiara (Melanoides) tuberculata: Subba Rao, Handbook of Freshwater Molluscs of India Type location: Not known Latest name and Reference: Melanoides tuberculata: Mitra, Dey and Ramakrishna, 2005, Fauna of Andhra Pradesh, State Series, 5(Part-5), p Zool. Surv. India. Shell with a high spire and moderately large body whorl; spire five times the height of the aperture; whorls 10-14, moderately convex, evenly rounded, dark redbrown dots and flames, either irregularly distributed or longitudinally arranged on the shell surface; sculptured conspicuously with vertical ribs and spiral striae, distinct and raised on the upper whorls, but flatter on the lower ones; central teeth of radula usually with about 11 cusps. Distribution: Widely distributed throughout India except Kashmir. Elsewhere: North and South Africa Eastern Mediterranean countries; South East Asia; Southern China; Japan; Malaysia; Malay Archipelago; North Australia; various Pacific Islands and north to the Ryukyu Islands of Japan; New Hebrides. Occurs in all possible water bodies of stagnant and slow moving freshwater ponds, tanks, canals, streams, ditches, drains, even in water mains also. 112

7 7. Indoplanorbis exustus Deshayes, Planorbis exustus Deshayes in Belanger, voy. Indes-Orientales: 417, pl. 1. figs Type locality: Malabar Coast Indoplanorbis exustus: Benthem Jutting, Treubia, 23 (2): Indoplanorbis exustus: Handbook of Freshwater Molluscs of India. p. 142, Figs 326, and 327 Type location: Not known Latest name and Reference: Indoplanorbis exustus: Mitra, Dey and Ramakrishna, 2005, Fauna of Andhra Pradesh, State Series, 5 (Part-5), p Zool. Surv. India. Shell large, thick, discoidal, sinistral, rounded at periphery, aperture earshaped, suture deeply impressed. Distribution: India: Widely distributed. Elsewhere: Bangladesh, Iran, Pakistan, Persia, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaya, Indo- China. Tibet, Thailand, Vietnam, Sumatra, Java, Celebes. Remarks: it serves as intermediate host for a number of trematodes found in goat, sheep, horse, dog, camel, buffaloes and other canes. 113

8 8. Planorbella scalaris Jay, 1839 (Mesa Rams-horn) Planorbella scalaris Deshayes in Belanger, voy. Indes-Orientales: 417, pl. 1. figs Type locality: Malabar Coast Planorbella scalaris: Benthem Jutting, Treubia, 23 (2): Planorbella scalaris: Handbook of Freshwater Molluscs of India. p. 142, Figs 326, 327 Type location: Not known Latest name and Reference: Planorbella scalaris: Mitra, Dey and Ramakrishna, 2005, Fauna of Andhra Pradesh, State Series, 5 (Part-5), p Zool. Surv. India. Shell sinistral, narrow, physoid; whorls 4 1 / 2 in number, shouldered; spire raised, flat-topped; body whorl shoulder oblique, flat; aperture oblong-ovate, oblique, posterior margin protruding more than anterior margin; umbilicus narrow; operculum absent (Pilsbry 1934; Burch 1982; Thompson 1999). Distribution: North America (Florida, Colorado and Wyoming); India (Maharashtra: Kolhapur district). Ecological notes: Specimens were found attached to aquatic vegetations in stagnant waters of Rajaram tank and Panchganga river. Remarks: First report from India. Planorbella scalaris is similar to P. duryi (Wetherby, 1879) because some specimens of the latter species have a flat-topped raised spire (Thompson 1999). Normally, P. duryi has a disc shaped shell with a sunken spire. Planorbella scalaris can easily be differentiated from P. duryi by its narrow umbilicus (vs. usually wide umbilicus) and advanced posterior aperture margin than anterior aperture margin (vs. advanced anterior aperture margin than posterior aperture margin) (Pilsbry 1934; Burch 1982; Thompson 1999). 114

9 9. Lamellidens corrianus Lea, Unio corrianus Lea,.Trans. Amen Philos. Soc., 6 (2): 65, pl. 9, fig. 25. Type locality: India Lamellidens corrianus: Simpson, Proc. U. S. natn. Mus., 22: Lamellidens corrianus: Prashad, Rec. Indian Mus., 22: 609, fig. 29c Lamellidens corrianus: Subba Rao, Handbook of freshwater molluscs of India, p. 165, figs. 386, 387. Type Location: USNM Latest name and Reference: Lamellidens corrianus: Mitra, Dey and Ramakrishna, 2005, Fauna of Andhra Pradesh, State Series, 5(Part-5), p212. Zool. Surv. India. Shell elongate, elliptical; umbone slightly inflated; periostracum smooth and dark brown; dorsal margin almost straight and long; cardinals two in each valve. Distribution: India: Common throughout. Elsewhere: Bangladesh and Myanmar 115

10 10. Lamellidens marginalis Lamarck, Unio marginalis Lamarck, Hist. Nat. Anim. Sans. Vert. 4: 79. Type locality: Bengal Lamellidens marginalis: Simpson, Proc. U.S. natn. Mus., 22: Lamellidens marginalis: Prashad, Rec. Indian Mus., 22: 606, fig. 29A Lamellidens marginalis: Subba Rao, Handbook of freshwater molluscs of India, p. 168, figs. 404, 405 Type Location: USNM Latest name and Reference: Lamellidens marginalis: Mitra, Dey and Ramakrishna, 2005, Fauna of Andhra Pradesh, State Series, 5(Part-5), p Zool. Surv. India. Shell oblong ovate, valves covered by blackish brown periostracum pith light brown border along ventral margin, umbo not elevated, posterior side broad, roundedly angular, margin produced, narrow wing, dorsal margin slightly curved, central margin slightly contracted in middle, hinge with two cardinals in right valve, interior nacreous. Distribution: India: Widely distributed Elsewhere: Bangladesh; Myanmar and Sri Lanka 116

11 11. Parreysia (Parreysia) corrugata Mueller, Mya corrugata Mueller, Verm. Terr. et. Fluv, pt. 2: 214, no Type locality: Rivers of Coromandel Parreysia corrugata Simpson, Proc.U. S. natn. Mus., 22: Parreysia corrugata Preston, Rec. Indian Mus., 7: 297. Type Location: MNNH Latest name and Reference: Parreysia (Parreysia) corrugata: Subba Rao, 1989, Handbook of freshwater molluscs of India, p. 179, figs. 448, 449. Shell elliptic to oval, smooth, scarcely inequilateral; umbones prominent; lunule well marked; sculptured with somewhat radiating, oblique, linear ridges, ventral margin convex, cardinal teeth strong, not lamellar; green in colour. Distribution: India: Widely distributed throughout. Elsewhere: Bangladesh: Sylhet; Sri Lanka; Myanmar. 117

12 12. Parreysia (Parreysia) corrugata (Mueller) subsp. nagpoorensis Lea, Unio nagpoorensis Lea, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 3: 331. Type locality: Ambajori Tank, Nagpoor (i.e. Nagpur), Maharashtra Unio wynegungaensis: Lea, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 3: 331. Type locality: Wynegunga River, 30 miles east of Nagpur Parreysia corrugata (Mueller) subsp. nagpoorensis: Simpson, Proc. U. S. natn. Mus., 22: Parreysia (Parreysia) corrugata (Mueller) sub sp. nagpoorensis: Handbook of freshwater molluscs of India, p. 180, figs. 450, 451, 482, 483. Type Location: ANSP (Holotype), USNM (Holotype of U. wynegungaensis) Latest name and Reference: Parreysia (Parreysia) corrugata nagpoorensis: Mitra, Dey and Ramakrishna, 2005, Fauna of Andhra Pradesh, State Series, 5(Part-5), p Zool. Surv. India. Shell oval, thick, greenish, sculptured with zigzag markings arranged in rows, concentrated at umbonal region; dorsal margin evenly sloping, anteriorly rounded, posterior end obtusely pointed. Distribution: India: Andhra Pradesh, Annantapur, Kurnool, Nellore, Gudur, Godavari River, Assam, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. Elsewhere: Bangladesh. Remark: First reported from this region. 118

13 13. Parreysia (Parreysia) favidens Benson, Unio favidens Benson, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (3) 10: 188. Type locality: Bhitoura on the Ganges between Cawnpore (Kanpur) and Allahabad." Parreysia favidens: Simpson, Proc. U. S. natn. Mus., 22: Parreysia favidens: Preston, Rec. Indian Mus., 7: 299 Type Location: National History Museum: London. Latest name and Reference: Parreysia favidens: Subba Rao, 1989, Handbook of freshwater molluscs of India, p. 180, figs. 466, 467,484, 485. Shell thick and heavy, inflated, with strong zig-zag ribs on beak, unequilateral and angulate both on anterior and posterior margins, cardinal teeth strong and broad. Distribution: India: Andhra Pradesh: Kurnool; Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Meghalaya: Gyro hills (West), Khaki hills (East & West); Orissa, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu: Chennai; Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal. Elsewhere: Bangladesh, Dacca, Sylhet, Pakistan. 119

14 14. Corbicula striatella Deshayes Corbicula striatella Deshayes, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond., 22: 344. Type locality: Pondicherry Corbicula striatella: Prashad, Mem. Indian Mus., 9: 18, pl. 3, figs Corbicula subradiata: Prime, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.,: Corbicula subradiata: Prashad, Rec. Indian Mus. 22: Corbicula striatella: Subba Rao, 1989, Handbook of freshwater molluscs of India, p. 204, figs. 575, 576. Type location: Natural History, Museum, London. Latest name and Reference: Corbicula striatella: Mitra, Dey and Ramakrishna, 2005, Fauna of Andhra Pradesh, State Series, 5(Part-5),p Zool. Surv. India. Shell large (up to 42 mm), thick, humid, triangular ovate to ovate, dorsal margin arched, more on the anterior than posterior, umbones prominent, periostracum shining lemon yellow in young, darker and often brownish in adult, striae regular, concentric and raised into ridges, pallid line with a trace of sinus, muscle scars fairly deeply developed. Distribution: India: Throughout, commonest Indian species. Elsewhere: Afghanistan; Bangladesh, Myanmar; Pakistan: Peshawar, Sind and Sri Lanka. 120