Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1

Transcription

1 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Ichthys Nearshore Environmental Monitoring Program L384-AW-REP Prepared for INPEX January 2013

2 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Document Information Prepared for Project Name File Reference Job Reference INPEX L384-AW-REP-10245_0_Turtles and Dugongs Monitoring - Dredging Report 1.docx L384-AW-REP Date January 2013 Document Control Version Date Author Author Initials Reviewer Reviewer Initials A 20 Dec 2012 Michelle Blewitt Megan Rice MLB MR Peggy O Donnell POD B 11 Jan 2013 Michelle Blewitt MLB Christopher Holloway CGH C 23 Jan 2013 Megan Rice MR Craig Blount CB 0 24 Jan 2013 Megan Rice MR Craig Blount CB Cardno (NSW/ACT) Pty Ltd Cardno WA Pty Ltd Cardno NT Pty Ltd Level 9, The Forum 11 Harvest Terrace Level 6 93 Mitchell St 203 Pacific Highway West Perth WA 6005 Darwin NT 0800 St Leonards NSW 2065 Telephone: Telephone: Telephone: Facsimile: Facsimile: Facsimile: This document is produced by Cardno solely for the benefit and use by the client in accordance with the terms of the engagement for the performance of the Services. Cardno does not and shall not assume any responsibility or liability whatsoever to any third party arising out of any use or reliance by any third party on the content of this document. Prepared for INPEX Page ii

3 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Executive Summary A Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program (TDMP) has been developed to monitor variability of turtle and dugong relative abundance and distribution in the inshore waters of Darwin Harbour and how this changes with dredging works for the Ichthys Project. The TDMP invloves a combination of aerial and boat-based survey methods and turtle tagging. This report outlines the findings of the TDMP surveys undertaken in September and October 2012, including a comparison with data collected during Baseline 1 (B1) (June 2012) and Baseline 2 (B2) (July/August 2012) survey periods. These surveys were undertaken after the commencement of the Backhoe Dredger (BHD) operations on 27 August 2012 but prior to the start of the Cutter Suction Dredger (CSD) on 4 November During this period, impacts from BHD operations were considered to be minimal, and as such the August and November 2012 surveys can considered to be part of the baselineand have been analysed as Baseline 3 (B3). This is supported by the analysis of the aerial survey data which shows no statistically significant difference between the three baseline (B1, B2 and B3) surveys. Aerial Surveys Three aerial surveys were undertaken in 2012: B1 - June, 7 days, 2 replicate flights; B2 - July, 14 days, 3 replicate flights; and B3 - September / October, 17 days, 3 replicate flights. The baseline surveys encompassed three geographical survey blocks: Bynoe Harbour (C1); Darwin Harbour/Hope Inlet region (IM); and Vernon Islands across to Melville Island (C2). During B3, 1358 km of transect length were flown over an approximate 22 hour period equating to 543 km 2 of observation survey area. The overall monitoring area (i.e area within the transect boundaries) during B3 was 2,973.7 km 2 across all three geographical survey blocks, with approximately 18% of the overall area surveyed on transect. During the baseline survey period, 263 dugongs and 1,903 turtles were sighted. Although there was great variability between surveys and areas in population sizes and densities of dugongs and turtles these were not statistically significant differences. Dugongs were sighted in waters up to 30 m in depth, but were most frequently observed in waters less than 5 m (90%). Similarly, turtles were predominantly sighted in shallow waters (< 5 m), with the maximum depth of 50 m, recorded in a deep channel off the Vernon Islands. The average size of the dugong population in C1 was estimated to be 176 (± 67) dugongs in B1, 287 (± 65) dugongs in B2 and 157 (± 118) dugongs in B3. Similar estimates of population sizes were obtained for the C2 block. The largest estimates of the size of a dugong population were in IM block, with 243 (± 67) dugongs in B1, 411 (± 139) dugongs in B2 and 401 (± 185) dugongs in B3. Spatial and temporal estimates of dugong density, based on calculations of corrected data, followed closely the patterns obtained for population size. In the C1 block, densities ranged from 0.34 dugongs/km 2 in B2,down to 0.20 dugongs/km 2 in B3. Estimates for the C2 block were similar to C1. The greatest densities of dugongs were observed in the IM block, with 0.35 dugongs/km 2 in B3. During the baseline, dugongs within the IM block were concentrated on the eastern side of the outer harbour (e.g. Shoal Bay). The greatest dugong densities and range in the inner harbour region occurred in B2, with concentrations occurring in the fringes of East Arm, Middle Arm and West Arm. In the outer harbour, greatest densities occurred in B3, mainly around Lee Point and coinciding with an increased extent of confirmed seagrass habitat identified during mapping surveys in October Prepared for INPEX Page iii

4 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 The total number of turtles sighted during B3 (n = 984) was considerably more than for B1 (n = 334) and B2 (n= 585). Greater differences in sightings of turtles between replicates was also evident during B3, particularly around the Vernon Islands, where sightings among replicates ranged from 167 to 67 turtles. Larger sample sizes for turtles and more spatial dispersion led to more precise estimates of population size than for dugongs. Estimates of population sizes of turtles varied between surveys and blocks, but these estimates were not significantly different among surveys. In C1, population estimates ranged from 335 (± 47) turtles in B1, to 1,333 (± 213) turtles in B2 and 778 (± 174) turtles in B3. Results were similar for C2. As for dugongs, population sizes of turtles were greatest in the IM block, with 739 ± (188) turtles in B1, 1,469 (± 369) turtles in B2, 868 (± 124) turtles in B3. Across the entire baseline, turtle densities, as estimated from aerial surveys, ranged from 0.4 to 2.7 turtles/km 2. Boat Surveys Point sampling boat-based surveys of dugongs and turtles were undertaken between Charles Point to the Vernon Islands in four areas. Three surveys were undertaken in 2012: B1 - June, 24 hrs observations (including transect and point-sampling), One replication of inner harbour areas only (i.e. three of four areas); B2 - August, 32 hrs observations (including transect and point-sampling), One complete replicate of all four areas. Two replicates in area four (Vernon Islands) B3 - October, 29 hrs observations (Point-sampling only). Two complete replicates of all four areas. Considerably fewer dugongs (total = 7) and turtles (total = 170) were observed during point-sampling boatbased surveys than were observed in aerial surveys. There were no clear spatial or temporal patterns in the point-sampling boat-based surveys and any variability likely reflects natural variation and differences in observing conditions. Consistent with aerial surveys, dugongs and turtles were observed more frequently and in higher numbers during B3 than in B1 or B2. During point-sampling boat-based surveys in B1, there were nine turtle sightings and no dugong sightings, whereas in B2, there were 26 turtle sightings and three dugong sightings. During B3, there were 135 turtle sightings and eight dugong sightings (including off-effort sightings). The dugongs were observed close to seagrass habitats or in proximity to reef areas. The occurrence of dugongs near seagrass and reef habitats suggest that these habitats are potentially important areas for this species. Dugongs sighted near seagrass meadows in Fannie Bay displayed behaviour consistent with foraging. Identification of turtle species was not always possible during boat surveys (61% unidentifiable during all baseline surveys) due to the distance of turtles from the vessel and/or short surfacing times. Species composition consisted of predominantly green turtles (36%), with opportunistic sightings of hawksbill, flatback and an olive ridley turtle. Turtle Tagging Satellite tagging of turtles was undertaken at Channel Island to track the movements of turtles. During a tagging event in November 2012, one juvenile green turtle was successfully captured and tagged. Up until 11 December 2012, Fastloc GPS positions (inferring high precision with an accuracy of between approximately 10 and 30 m radius of a given location) have been recorded for this turtle and these indicate that the tagged turtle has remained in close proximity to Channel Island and maybe a resident. A further 72 Argos satellite points have been transmitted, but these have a high error radius (~ 1500 m). This may be a result of the behaviour of the turtle which may possibly be surfacing only for relatively short periods, inhibiting transmission of more than one or two position messages at a time. Prepared for INPEX Page iv

5 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Glossary Term or Acronym Availability bias Definition A bias in the data effected by an animal being concealed by an environmental factor so that is not visible to the observer. B1, B2, B3 Baseline 1, Baseline 2, Baseline 3 BHD BSS CI CITES CL CSD CV Backhoe Dredger Beaufort Sea State Confidence Interval Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Condifence Level Cutter Suction Dredger Coefficient of Variation is used to compare the standard deviations between populations with different means and it provides a measure of variation that is independent of the measurement units Double platform A sampling method using two observers to sample a given species in the same area at the same time. The two observers must be independent of each other and isolated visually and acoustically. On aerial surveys, the two observers are normally arranged as a front and rear observer. DLPE Department of Lands, Planning and Environment DSDMP Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management Plan East Arm EBPC Act Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (1999) GEP Gas export pipeline GIS Geographic Information System h Hour/s HSE Health Safety Environment IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature km/h Kilometres per hour kn Knots: Nautical miles per hour LAT Lowest Astronomical Tide min Minute/s MNES Matter of National Environmental Significance n Sample size NEMP Nearshore Environmental Monitoring Plan NT Northern Territory NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Units PB Port observers - both front and rear PERMANOVA Perception bias PF Permutational Analysis of Variance A bias in the data caused by an observer not seeing an animal despite it being visible Port observer - front only Prepared for INPEX Page v

6 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Term or Acronym Population estimate PR Recapture SB SDS SE SF SP SR Turbidity TDMP Definition An estimate of the number of individual animals living in one place at the one time Port observer - rear only The event of one individual or group of animals being counted (and thus recorded) a subsequent time, usually by the rear observer during aerial surveys Starboard observers - both front and back observers Super Deep Sea floats Standard error of the mean Starboard observer - front only Boat sampling point Starboard observer - rear only Turbidity gives an indication of water clarity Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program TPWCA Territory Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act (2001) QA/QC Quality Assurance / Quality Control Prepared for INPEX Page vi

7 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary iii Glossary v 1 Introduction Project Description Background Aims and Objectives of the Monitoring Program 1 2 Methodology Sampling Locations Aerial Surveys Boat Surveys Turtle Tagging Monitoring Schedule Field Methods Permits Aerial Surveys Boat Surveys Turtle Tagging Assumptions and Constraints Aerial Surveys Boat Surveys 10 3 Results Aerial Surveys Survey Effort Summary Statistics Estimates of Dugong Population Size Estimates of Turtle Population Size Statistical Analysis Aerial Surveys Results of Quality Control Checks Boat Surveys Survey Effort Summary Statistics Statistical Analysis Boat Surveys Water Sampling Results of Quality Control Checks Turtle Tagging 64 4 Discussion Aerial Surveys Boat Surveys Turtle Tagging 70 5 Conclusions 72 6 Acknowledgements 73 7 References 74 Prepared for INPEX Page vii

8 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Tables Table 2-1 Boat-based point-sampling sites and the corresponding Area. 3 Table 2-2 Monitoring schedule for Baseline periods for the Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program 6 Table 2-3 Net specifications used for turtle tagging off Channel Island in November Table 3-4 Table 3-5 Table 3-6 Details of group size estimates and correction factors used in the population estimates for dugongs (using Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method only 28 Sightings histories for dugong groups sighted during B1, B2 and B3 surveys by individual observers 29 Comparison of the dugongs population size estimates (± SE) using the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) and Pollock et al. (2006) methods during B1, B2 and B3 aerial surveys. Tfe: too few estimates for population size estimations (< 5 sightings per repeat) 31 Table 3-7 Dugong density (± CI) for blocks C1, C2 and IM during baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) after the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method 33 Table 3-8 Summary of dugong densities and tidal ranges recorded within the IM block for Baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3). Within each tidal area (1-8), tidal ranges (cm) were calculated according to flight time. Densities (number of dugongs/km 2 ) were calculated on the area of water sampled within each grid cell. Refer to Figure 3-12 to Figure 3-14 for grid cell reference.38 Table 3-9 Details of turtle group size estimates and correction factors used in population estimates 40 Table 3-10 Sightings histories for turtles observed during B1, B2 and B3 by individual observers 41 Table 3-11 Comparison of the population size estimates (± SE) for turtles using the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) and Pollock et al. (2005) methods in aerial surveys B1, B2 and B3 42 Table 3-12 Turtle density ± Confidence Intervals (CI) for each survey block (C1, C2 and IM) during baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) after the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method 44 Table 3-13 Summary of turtle densities and tidal ranges recorded within the IM block for B1, B2 and B3 aerial surveys 49 Table 3-14 Univariate PERMANOVA analyses of counts of turtles and dugongs based on aerial surveys (per km) No factors were significantly different (p 0.05) 51 Table 3-15 Survey effort for boat-based surveys and point-sampling during the B3 survey 53 Table 3-16 Number of dugong and turtle sightings during B3 point sampling boat surveys in the four surveyed areas, based on 2 replicates. 54 Table 3-17 PERMANOVA analyses of point counts of turtles 61 Table 3-18 Number of turtle sightings at Channel Island Bridge during the November 2012 tagging event 64 Figures Figure 2-1 Aerial survey blocks encompassing Bynoe Harbour (C1), Darwin Harbour/Hope Inlet region (IM) and Vernon Islands (C2) 4 Figure 2-2 Boat point sampling survey areas and sites around Darwin Harbour and surrounding areas. Area 1 =inner harbour, Area 2 = western harbour, Area 3 = Fannie Bay, Area 4 = Shoal Bay 5 Figure 2-3 Channel Island and bridge in Darwin Harbour showing the turtle tagging sampling areas 7 Figure 2-4 Turtle tagging deployment and monitoring technique. (a) Deploying the net in the northern channel, near Channel Island Bridge and (b) trained staff checking the net for entrapped animals. 9 Figure 2-5 Satellite attachment process. (a) All measurements of the turtle were taken prior to satellite attachment, (b) the shell was prepared for attachment, (c) attaching the satellite tag, and (d) attachment of flipper tags to the centre of the second pad. 10 Figure 3-1 Distribution of dugongs (yellow circles) and turtles (red squares) during B3 aerial survey 13 Figure 3-2 Mean counts (± SE) of dugongs in each aerial survey block for B1, B2 and B3 16 Prepared for INPEX Page viii

9 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-3 Distribution of dugongs during baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) 17 Figure 3-4 Frequency distribution of dugong sightings with respect to depth (m) for each of the baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) for C1, IM and C2 18 Figure 3-5 Frequency distribution of dugong sightings with respect to occurrence over benthic habitats during baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2, B3) for C1, IM and C2 19 Figure 3-6 Mean counts (± SE) of turtles in each aerial survey area for B1, B2 and B3 21 Figure 3-7 Distribution of turtles during B3 aerial survey 22 Figure 3-8 Distribution of turtles during all three baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) 23 Figure 3-9 Frequency distribution of turtle sightings with respect to bathymetry for each of the baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) for C1, IM and C2 25 Figure 3-10 Frequency distribution of turtle sightings with respect to benthic habitat for each of the three baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) for each three surveyed areas: C1, IM and C2 26 Figure 3-11 Dugong density from corrected population estimates (symbols), with 95% confidence intervals (whiskers), after the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method 32 Figure 3-12 Dugong relative densities in the IM block during the B1 aerial surveys 35 Figure 3-13 Dugong relative densities in the IM block during the B2 aerial surveys 36 Figure 3-14 Dugong relative densities in the IM block during the B3 aerial surveys 37 Figure 3-15 Turtle density from corrected population estimates (symbols), with 95% confidence intervals (whiskers), after the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method 43 Figure 3-16 Turtle relative densities in the IM block during the B1 aerial surveys 46 Figure 3-17 Turtle relative densities in the IM block during the B2 aerial surveys 47 Figure 3-18 Turtle relative densities in the IM block during the B3 aerial surveys 48 Figure 3-19 Mean (± 95 % CL, n above each bar) aerial counts (per km 2 ) of turtles and dugongs across Blocks in each Phase (Phase 1=B1, B2; Phase 2 = B3) and Survey. Negative CL truncated at zero 52 Figure 3-20 Distribution of dugongs and turtles sighted during baseline boat surveys B1, B2 and B3 55 Figure 3-21 Comparison of dugongs and turtles observed during point sampling boat surveys (B1, B2 and B3) 56 Figure 3-22 The distribution of dugongs and turtles during the B3 boat survey, showing the number of species sighted at each point sampling location 57 Figure 3-23 Frequency distribution of all sightings (turtles and dugongs) with respect to depth classes for each of the baseline boat surveys (B1, B2 and B3) for the surveyed areas 59 Figure 3-24 Frequency distribution of all sightings with respect to habitat for the baseline boat surveys (B1, B2 and B3), for each of the four surveyed areas 60 Figure 3-25 Mean (± 95 % CL, n above each bar) point counts per 30-minutes of turtles and dugongs across Areas in each Phase and Survey for the baseline boat surveys. Negative CL truncated at zero. Asterisks and dashed lines indicate significant differences (*** p 0.01; * p 0.05) 62 Figure 3-26 Water temperature comparison by point-sampling collected during B2 and B3 boat surveys in Figure 3-27 Transmitted geo-locations of tagged turtle since 15 November Yellow dots indicate Argos positions (>1.5km error); green dots near capture site indicate Fastloc (<30.1m error) GPS positions up to 11 December Prepared for INPEX Page ix

10 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Appendices Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Quality Control Data Log Aerial Survey Baseline 3 Distribution Maps Aerial Survey Sightings Raw Data Raw Data for Dugong Population Estimates Raw Data for Turtle Population Estimates Daily Vessel Tracks Boat Survey Sightings Raw Data Prepared for INPEX Page x

11 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 1 Introduction 1.1 Project Description INPEX is the operator of the Ichthys Gas Field Development Project (the Project). The Project comprises the development of offshore production facilities at the Ichthys Field in the Browse Basin, some 820 km westsouth-west of Darwin, an 889 km long subsea gas export pipeline (GEP) and an onshore processing facility and product loading jetty at Blaydin Point on Middle Arm Peninsula in Darwin Harbour. To support the nearshore infrastructure at Blaydin Point, dredging works will be carried out to extend safe shipping access from near East Arm Wharf to the new product loading facilities at Blaydin Point which will be supported by piles driven into the sediment. A trench will also be dredged to seat and protect the GEP for the Darwin Harbour portion of its total length. Dredged material will be disposed at the spoil ground located approximately 12 km north-west of Lee Point. A detailed description of the dredging and spoil disposal methodology is provided in Section 2 of the Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management Plan East Arm (DSDMP) (INPEX 2012). 1.2 Background This Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program (TDMP) Report outlines the results of the TDMP surveys undertaken in September/ October 2012, including a comparison with data collected during Baseline 1 (B1) (June 2012) and Baseline 2 (B2) (July/ August 2012) survey periods and follows the methodology outlined in the Nearshore Environmental Monitoring Plan (NEMP). These surveys were undertaken after the commencement of the Backhoe Dredger (BHD) operations on 27 August 2012 but prior to the start of the Cutter Suction Dredger (CSD) on 4 November During this period, impacts from BHD operations were considered to be minimal (i.e. confined to the immediate dredge footprint and spoil disposal area), and as such the August and November 2012 surveys were considered to be part of the baseline. For the purposes of this report the August and November 2012 surveys have been classified as Baseline 3 (B3). 1.3 Aims and Objectives of the Monitoring Program The key objectives of the TDMP are to: 1. Quantify the variability of turtle and dugong relative abundance and distribution in the inshore waters of Darwin Harbour and nearshore waters between and within surveys. Investigate changes in these parameters over the duration of the dredging and post dredging periods; 2. Assess fine scale aspects of dugong and turtle populations within Darwin Harbour in relation to habitat use and identify frequently used areas. The aim of this Report was to continue collection of robust data on turtle and dugong distribution and population estimates around the monitoring area, prior to the commencement of major dredging activities (i.e. those undertaken by the CSD) to supplement baseline data for the monitoring program. A discussion on the outcomes of data collected in B3 is presented and discussed in relation to results collected during B1 and B2. Prepared for INPEX Page 1

12 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 2 Methodology For full details on methodology reference can be made to Appendix K of the NEMP (L384-AH-PLN-0003) and the TDMP Baseline Report (Cardno 2012c). Where methodology has been refined (including additional analysis), details are given below. 2.1 Sampling Locations Aerial Surveys Aerial surveys were used to collect data over a broad spatial scale from three geographical regions (or blocks) (Figure 2-1): Block 1 Bynoe Harbour (Control 1 C1); Block 2 encompassing Darwin Harbour and Hope Inlet to Gunn Point (Impact - IM); and Block 3 located to the east, from Gunn Point and the Vernon Islands and across to Melville Island (Control 2 - C2) Boat Surveys Point-sampling boat-based surveys were undertaken in a diverse range of habitats, including deep and shallow waters, near rocky reefs, corals, seagrass, sandy bottom and tidal creeks. Control sites were located on the western side of Darwin Harbour, towards Charles Point (Figure 2-2). The boat survey region was divided into areas for analysis (Table 2-1): Area 1 = inner harbour; Area 2 = western harbour; Area 3 = Fannie Bay around to Lee Point; and Area 4 = Shoal Bay around to the Vernon Islands. Prepared for INPEX Page 2

13 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table 2-1 Boat-based point-sampling sites and the corresponding Area. Area 1 = Inner Harbour, Area 2 = Western Harbour, Area 3 = Fannie Bay, Area 4 = Shoal Bay. Site ID - SP = sample point. Datum: WGS84P Site ID Area Latitude Longitude Easting Northing SP o 35' o 53' SP6-12 o 33' o 52' SP7-12 o 31' o 51' SP8-12 o 29' o 50' SP9-12 o 30' o 53' SP o 22' o 37' SP2-12 o 25' o 44' SP3-12 o 28' o 47' SP3a -12 o 28' o 45' SP4-12 o 31' o 47' SP4a -12 o 30' o 44' SP o 26' o 49' SP11-12 o 25' o 48' SP12-12 o 22' o 47' SP13-12 o 19' o 52' SP o 19' o 54' SP15-12 o 19' o 56' SP16-12 o 13' o 59' SP17-12 o 08' o 58' SP18-12 o 05' o 00' Prepared for INPEX Page 3

14 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 C2 IM C1 Figure 2-1 Aerial survey blocks encompassing Bynoe Harbour (C1), Darwin Harbour/Hope Inlet region (IM) and Vernon Islands (C2) Prepared for INPEX Page 4

15 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 2-2 Boat point sampling survey areas and sites around Darwin Harbour and surrounding areas. Area 1 =inner harbour, Area 2 = western harbour, Area 3 = Fannie Bay, Area 4 = Shoal Bay Prepared for INPEX Page 5

16 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Turtle Tagging With the aim of collecting longer-term data on patterns of movement of resident foraging turtles, capture (using nets deployed from a boat) was attempted in the shallow waters to the north and south of the Channel Island Bridge (Figure 2-3). 2.2 Monitoring Schedule Survey B3 was undertaken after the start of the BHD on 27 August 2012, but prior to the commencement of the CSD on 4 November 2012 (Table 2-2). Table 2-2 outlines the monitoring schedule for the baseline. Table 2-2 Monitoring schedule for Baseline periods for the Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Sampling Period Field Method Site B1 B2 B3 Aerial survey Darwin Harbour and surrounding waters Aerial Surveys (May/ June 2012) Training and Safety Inductions 7 days, 2 replicate flights Aerial Surveys (July/ August 2012) Training and Safety Inductions 14 days, 3 replicate flights Aerial Surveys (Sept./ Oct. 2012) Training and Safety Inductions 17 days, 3 replicate flights Boat surveys Darwin Harbour and surrounding waters Transects and Point- Sampling (June/ July 2012) Training and Safety Inductions 6 days, 1 replicate of 15 point sampling sites and transects between sites Transects and Point- Sampling (August 2012) Training and Safety Inductions 11 days, 1 replicate of 20 point-sampling sites and transects between sites, 2 nd replicate of area from Lee Point to Vernon Islands Point-Sampling (October 2012) Training and Safety Inductions 10 days, 2 replicate of 20 point sampling sites Channel Island Bridge 1 x tagging event, on foot (Sept/ Oct 2012) 6 days Turtle tagging 1 x tagging event, net capture (Nov 2012) 4 days Casuarina Beach 13 nights. Prepared for INPEX Page 6

17 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 2-3 Channel Island and bridge in Darwin Harbour showing the turtle tagging sampling areas Prepared for INPEX Page 7

18 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Field Methods Permits The monitoring program was undertaken under an Animal Welfare Licence, (No. 041, Animal Welfare Act Section 33 (2)) and a Permit to Interfere with Protected Wildlife (Permit No , Territory Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 2006). Animal Ethics Approval (boat surveys) was obtained in July 2012 (Animal Welfare Act, Section 30, Macquarie University AEC Reference No. 2012/036). Further approval for turtle tagging was obtained in October 2012 (Macquarie University AEC Reference No. 2012/036-2, NRETAS, Fisheries Licence S17/3282) Aerial Surveys Aerial surveys were flown in three geographical survey blocks (See Section 2.1.1, Figure 2-1). B3 surveys were undertaken from 28 September to 11 October 2012 and again from 16 October to 23 October 2012 (n = 16 days, 3 replicate flights). The third replicate was separated from the others due to operational constraints of the aircraft, with the first two replicates flown over 11 days and the third replicate flown over a five day period, with a five day gap between the second and third replicate. In addition to the previous analysis undertaken in the baseline report (Cardno 2012c), an estimation of regional relative densities of turtles and dugongs was calculated based on the raw sighting data. The IM block (Darwin Harbour and Hope Inlet) was divided into 43, 6 x 6 km grids, to produce density diagrams. Dugong or turtle density was calculated for each grid cell based on sampling intensity, transect length, approximate transect width (0.4 km) and area sampled within each cell. Where grid cells contained transects entirely over water (n = 16), the area surveyed was calculated as 7.2km 2 (i.e. 3 x 6 km of transect within each grid with 0.4km transect width), which equates to 20% sampling area of each grid cell. For grid cells that contained transects over land, the area was adjusted accordingly to account for shortened transect length over water, and densities subsequently calculated Boat Surveys The methodology for point-sampling boat-based surveys is described in Cardno 2012c).. The B3 point-sampling boat-based survey was undertaken in Darwin Harbour and surrounding nearshore waters in October The boat survey consisted of two replicates of 20 point-sampling sites over a 10- day period Turtle Tagging Capture Method As the previous effort (September 2012) to catch turtles around Channel Island using hand nets in shallow pools in the intertidal areas was unsuccessful an alternative capture method was used in B3 (November 2012). Other projects have used larger nets to capture juvenile turtles, particularly in areas where turtles cannot be caught by divers or other opportunistic capture techniques (Eckert et al. 1999). Turtle tagging was attempted in the northern and southern channels near Channel Island Bridge over a 4-day period from 13 to 18 November 2012 (Figure 2-3) using a 60 m net deployed from a 5 m vessel (MV Daly River, WBNA) in the northern and southern channels at Channel Island Bridge, approximately 2 to 3 hours either side of the low tide (Table 2-3, Figure 2-4). The capture team consisted of a vessel skipper, two experienced turtle taggers and two trained assistants. Throughout the capture period, the net was constantly monitored for signs of entrapment. Super Deep Sea (SDS) floats, positioned every three metres, provided additional visual cues for detection of entrapped animals. Additionally, the net was checked every 10-minutes in order to ensure animal safety (Figure 2-4). Where a turtle was captured (i.e. entangled in the net), the team was to respond rapidly to remove the turtle from the net quickly, (avoiding undue stress to the animal). Once the turtle was secured, the boat would return to the boat ramp for attachment of satellite tagging device. Whilst on the boat turtles are kept cool by placing in a wooden box under shade. Prepared for INPEX Page 8

19 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table 2-3 Net specifications used for turtle tagging off Channel Island in November 2012 Net Specifications Float Line Netting Lead Line Mooring 5 mm PP (Polypropylene) rope with SDS floats every 3 m 10 mesh, Line 20, no more than 1.5 m drop 6 mm braided lead core rope (80 gm/m) 2 x 5 kg sand anchors Figure 2-4 Turtle tagging deployment and monitoring technique. (a) Deploying the net in the northern channel, near Channel Island Bridge and (b) trained staff checking the net for entrapped animals Attachment Methodology for Satellite Transmitters and Flipper Tags Satellite tag attachment followed standard procedures (DEC 2009, Pendoley 2009, Cardno 2012a), which were amended to include recommended juvenile satellite tagging methods (Seney et al. 2010). The process is described below. The animal was weighed, measured and the attachment area thoroughly cleaned in preparation for tagging. After suitable preparation (sanding, cleaning and removal of algae and barnacles), a thin layer of epoxy was applied to the second vertebral scute and a layer of fibreglass attached. Once cured, the area above the fibreglass was built up layer by layer, and the Wildlife Computer satellite transmitter attached. A thin layer of anti-fouling paint was applied to the tag in order to prevent algal growth. Flipper tags were applied as per standard flipper tagging methods (DEC 2009, Pendoley 2009, Cardno 2012a) to the centre of the second pad on each flipper (Figure 2-5). The turtle was photographed and other data collected including curved carapace lengths (CCL), flipper damage, scars, barnacles and any other unusual features. Prepared for INPEX Page 9

20 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 2-5 Satellite attachment process. (a) All measurements of the turtle were taken prior to satellite attachment, (b) the shell was prepared for attachment, (c) attaching the satellite tag, and (d) attachment of flipper tags to the centre of the second pad. 2.4 Assumptions and Constraints Aerial Surveys The B3 aerial survey was divided into two sections, with a five day gap separating the second and the third replicate. This division was unavoidable due to operational constraints of the aircraft and has been considered in the data analysis. To minimise potential errors associated with standardising the methodology used for aerial surveys, it was important to constantly maintain communication with the co-pilot. In the current plane set-up, this was not possible by all the team members. The Team Leader, does however, have the capability to effectively communicate with the co-pilot and relay this information to the observers when necessary Boat Surveys Data collected during the first round of baseline monitoring initially indicated that transect methodology was time-consuming, with little additional yield of useful knowledge on turtles or dugongs. It was considered that this may compromise the accuracy of the monitoring program by extending the time needed to complete each survey and hence increase variances (and decrease confidence) in the sample data. Undertaking the transect methodology for boat-based surveys significantly increased the time required to complete the surveys. During B3, only point-sampling was undertaken, which enabled the standardisation of observation time. An additional avoidable constraint with boat surveys was the inability to successfully undertake a markrecapture of animals (turtles or dugongs). In delphinids, this is possible by photographing individual markings on their dorsal fins ( mark ), which allows the animal to be re-identified during subsequent surveys ( recapture ). This is not possible for turtles. Therefore, the total number of sightings is likely to be greater than the actual number of individuals observed. Prepared for INPEX Page 10

21 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 3 Results 3.1 Aerial Surveys Survey Effort A total of 9,955 linear kilometres were flown over an approximate 22 hour period, with a total of 19:30 hours on transect. During B3, the total length of transects over water was 1,358.5 km, equating to km 2 sampled, which takes into account the transect width for each block (400 m). The overall monitoring area (variable due to tidal level) was km 2 across all three geographical blocks (Table 3-1), with the average proportion of area surveyed at 18.2% across the three blocks. Survey conditions and visibility were suitable throughout each survey, with BSS 3 (average = 2). Transects flown on each day were selected according to conditions, allowing for most ideal sampling conditions within each area. The IM block could only be flown on weekends to avoid excessive flight holding, as directed by Darwin Airport Control Summary Statistics Distribution of both dugongs and turtles during the October aerial survey (B3) are presented in Figure 3-1. Maps showing transects flown and turtle and dugongs sighted for each flight are presented in Appendix B. Prepared for INPEX Page 11

22 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table 3-1 Summary of aerial survey effort for each block (C1, IM and C2) for each of the baseline survey periods in 2012 (B1, B2, B3). *The proportion surveyed is averaged in the calculation of total area surveyed. B1 = 2 replicates, B2 and B3 = 3 replicates. Bynoe Harbour (C1) Darwin Harbour region (IM) Vernon Islands (C2) Baseline Total Baseline Survey Period B1 B2 B3 B1 B2 B3 B1 B2 B3 B1 B2 B3 Number of transects Total length of transects (km) Total sampled area (km²) Overall surveyed area (km²) Proportion surveyed (%) * 17.8* 18.2* Average survey duration (h: min: sec) 0:54:17 1:23:23 1:27:53 1:25:47 1:25:36 1:26:55 1:36:17 1:12:08 1:20:36 3:56:21 4:01:07 4:15:24 Prepared for INPEX Page 12

23 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-1 Distribution of dugongs (yellow circles) and turtles (red squares) during B3 aerial survey Prepared for INPEX Page 13

24 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Dugong Sightings A summary of dugongs sighted during the three baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3), including the number of sightings, number of individuals, calves and group sizes are presented in Table 3-2. Sightings and individual counts differ depending on group size. Raw data for dugong sightings for B3 aerial surveys are presented in Appendix C. During B3, there were a total of 113 dugong sightings, with 111 adults and two calves sighted across the three survey blocks. The greatest number of dugong sightings was in the Darwin Harbour/Hope Inlet region (IM) (n = 65), which was considerably higher than that sighted during B1 and B2 for the same surveyed area (B1, n = 25; B2, n = 43). The mean count of dugongs (± SE) sighted in each of the baseline surveys in the three survey areas, based on raw uncorrected data, are presented in Figure 3-2. One unavoidable constraint of the B3 survey was the split of the aerial surveys, with a gap of five days between the second and third replicate. The number of observations varied between replicates, ranging from 47 dugongs in replicate 1 to 24 dugongs in replicate 3, which was separated by the five day gap. Overall, however, there was an increase in dugongs observed from 58 in B1 (based on two replicates) to 92 dugongs in B2 (three replicates) and 113 dugongs in B3 (three replicates). During B1, calves were sighted in each of the survey blocks, with the IM block recording two calves. During B2, there were five calves sighted and in the B3 survey, calves were only recorded in the IM block and accounted for less than 1% (n = 2) of the total sightings for this survey. Prepared for INPEX Page 14

25 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table 3-2 Summary of the number of dugongs sighted during aerial survey B3 in: All survey blocks, Bynoe Harbour (C1), Darwin Harbour/Hope Inlet region (IM) and Vernon Islands (C2). B1 = 2 replicate flights; B2 and B3 = 3 replicate flights. All survey blocks Total Survey period B3 B1 B2 B3 Replication number Number of sightings Number of individuals Number of calves Mean group size Maximum group size Bynoe Harbour (C1) Total Survey period B3 B1 B2 B3 Replication number Number of sightings Number of individuals Number of calves Mean group size Maximum group size Darwin Harbour/Hope Inlet region (IM) Total Survey period B3 B1 B2 B3 Replication number Number of sightings Number of individuals Number of calves Mean group size Maximum group size Vernon Islands (C2) Total Survey period B3 B1 B2 B3 Replication number Number of sightings Number of individuals Number of calves Mean group size Maximum group size Prepared for INPEX Page 15

26 Mean dugong count ± SE Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Dugongs B1 B2 B Bynoe Harbour (C1) Darwin Harbour region (IM) Vernon Islands (C2) Figure 3-2 Mean counts (± SE) of dugongs in each aerial survey block for B1, B2 and B3 B1 = 2 replicate flights; B2 and B3 = 3 replicate flights. The distribution of dugongs sighted during the baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) is presented in Figure 3-3. During B3, dugongs were distributed across all three survey blocks (C1, n = 21; IM, n = 65; C2, n = 27), with higher concentrations around Lee Point in the IM block and on the north east tip of Indian Island in C1. No dugongs were sighted inside Darwin Harbour, south of Stokes Hill and East Arm in B3. Sightings during B3 were in waters ranging from 0 to 7 m depth, with many dugongs sighted in waters less than 5 m (C1: 90%, C2: 37%, IM: 58%), which was consistent with B1 and B2, where 60% of dugongs were sighted in this depth class. Most of the dugongs observed during the B3 aerial survey around C1 were sighted in these shallow depths (n = 19, 90%), whereas there was a more even spread of sightings across depth classes in the C2 block (Figure 3-4). Most of the sightings in B3 were recorded in unknown habitat types (68%) across the three survey blocks, consistent with B1 and B2 aerial survey results (Figure 3-5). In C1, all sightings of dugongs were in unknown habitat and 90% of these in waters less than 5 m depth. In the C2 block, the majority of dugongs were sighted in habitats that have not been previously identified, with 22% of dugongs sighted over reef or sand habitats. There were no sightings over confirmed seagrass habitats, similar to the results from the first two baseline surveys. In the IM block, most dugong sightings were in unknown habitat, however, 22% (n = 14) were sighted near confirmed seagrass habitats, 12 dugongs (18%) observed over sand and four (< 1%) dugongs sighted near reef habitats. Prepared for INPEX Page 16

27 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-3 Distribution of dugongs during baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) Prepared for INPEX Page 17

28 # of dugong sightings Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Dugongs C1 IM B1 B2 B C Depth range (m) Figure 3-4 Frequency distribution of dugong sightings with respect to depth (m) for each of the baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) for C1, IM and C2 Prepared for INPEX Page 18

29 # of dugong sightings Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 25 Dugongs C Mangrove Unknown Reef Sand Seagrass IM B1 B2 B3 0 Mangrove Unknown Reef Sand Seagrass Mangrove Unknown Reef Sand Seagrass Benthic habitat types Figure 3-5 Frequency distribution of dugong sightings with respect to occurrence over benthic habitats during baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2, B3) for C1, IM and C2 Prepared for INPEX Page 19

30 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Turtle Sightings A total of 984 turtles were observed during the B3 aerial surveys. Turtle sightings were highest around the C2 survey block with 353 turtles sighted. Turtle sightings were only slightly lower in the IM block (n = 349), followed by C1 (n = 282) (Table 3-3). The number of turtles sighted during B3 was considerably higher than B1 (n = 334) and B2 (n = 585). The survey block with the largest concentration of turtles during B2 was IM (n = 206) and the lowest was C1 (n = 181). Differences in number of turtles between replicates was also evident during the B3 survey, particularly in the C2 block, where sightings ranged from 119 turtles sighted in the first replicate, 167 in the second replicate and 67 in the third replicate. The mean counts of turtles (± SE) for each of the baseline aerial surveys, based on raw uncorrected data, in each aerial block is presented in Figure 3-6. Raw data for turtle sightings for B3 aerial surveys are presented in Appendix C. Table 3-3 Summary of the number of turtles sighted during aerial survey B3 in: All survey blocks, C1, IM and C2. B1 = 2 replicate flights; B2, B3 = 3 replicate flights. All survey blocks Survey period B3 B1 B2 B3 Replication number Number of sightings Number of individuals Mean group size Maximum group size Bynoe Harbour (C1) Survey period B3 B1 B2 B3 Replication number Number of sightings Number of individuals Mean group size Maximum group size Darwin Harbour region (IM) Survey period B3 B1 B2 B3 Replication number Number of sightings Number of individuals Mean group size Maximum group size Vernon Islands (C2) Survey period B3 B1 B2 B3 Replication number Number of sightings Number of individuals Mean group size Maximum group size Total Total Total Total Prepared for INPEX Page 20

31 Mean turtle count ± SE Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Turtles 160 B1 140 B2 B Bynoe Harbour (C1) Darwin Harbour region (IM) Vernon Islands (C2) Figure 3-6 Mean counts (± SE) of turtles in each aerial survey area for B1, B2 and B3 B1 = 2 replicate flights; B2, B3 = 3 replicate flights The distribution of turtles during the B3 aerial survey is presented in Figure 3-7. For comparison, Figure 3-8 illustrates the distribution of turtles across all three baseline aerial surveys. During B3, turtles were distributed across all three survey blocks, with concentrations around Lee Point in the IM block and on the north east tip of Indian Island in the C1 block. Prepared for INPEX Page 21

32 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-7 Distribution of turtles during B3 aerial survey Prepared for INPEX Page 22

33 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-8 Distribution of turtles during all three baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) Prepared for INPEX Page 23

34 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Turtles were sighted across all depth classes, but predominantly in shallower waters, with the deepest turtle sighted in the deep channel off the Vernon Islands, in waters up to 50 m deep (C2, Rep 2). This was consistent with data collected during B1 and B2. In C1, turtles were sighted 66% of the time in waters less than 5 m in depth, with a further 28% of turtles sighted in waters 6 10 m in depth (Figure 3-9). The C2 block had a more widespread distribution, with turtles sighted in waters from 0 m to over 20 m (Figure 3-9). Around IM, turtles were predominantly sighted in shallow waters (< 5 m; 66%) and less than 1 % of animals were sighted in waters >20 m. Most turtles sighted during B3 were in unknown habitat types (95%), which was consistent with B1 and B2 aerial surveys (Figure 3-10). In C1, most sightings across all three survey periods were in unknown habitats, with a small percentage of turtles sighted in mangrove areas (2%) or sand (3%). There were no sightings over inferred seagrass communities during the B3 survey. In C2, most turtles were again sighted in unknown habitats (78%), with a further 18% recorded over reef and only 4% sighted over sand. In the IM block, only eight turtles (2%) were sighted in seagrass areas, less than observed during the B2 survey where 8% of turtles were sighted in seagrass areas. Again, most turtles were sighted in unknown habitats (56%), 24% sighted over sand and 16% around reef areas Dolphin Sightings Raw data pertaining to dolphins sighted during this monitoring program will be supplied to the DLPE and has not been summarised in this report. Prepared for INPEX Page 24

35 # of turtle sightings Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Turtles C1 250 IM B1 B2 B Depth range (m) C2 Figure 3-9 Frequency distribution of turtle sightings with respect to bathymetry for each of the baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) for C1, IM and C2 Prepared for INPEX Page 25

36 # of turtle sightings Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Turtles Mangrove Unknown Reef Sand Seagrass B1 B2 B3 IM Mangrove Unknown Reef Sand Seagrass C Mangrove Unknown Reef Sand Seagrass Benthic habitat types Figure 3-10 Frequency distribution of turtle sightings with respect to benthic habitat for each of the three baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) for each three surveyed areas: C1, IM and C2 Prepared for INPEX Page 26

37 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Estimates of Dugong Population Size Table 3-4 provides details of the mean group sizes, Perception Correction Factors (PCF) and Availability Correction Factors (ACF) used for estimating the size of the dugong populations in the three aerial survey blocks C1, C2 and IM in each survey using the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method only. Note that all parameter estimates in Table 3-4 were based on all sightings (including those in the inside and outside zones, which refers to sightings inside (line of sight of observer underneath the plane to the start of the transect) or outside the 400 m transect). In the baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3), the model of best fit for PCF calculations was all observers different. Small sample sizes and few recapture events can lead to difficulties when calculating individual estimates in MARK (Cunningham 2009). PCFs (Table 3-4) were generally lower in the B3 aerial surveys due to a higher recapture rate on both sides of the aircraft, compared with the first two baseline surveys (B1 and B2) (with the exception of Starboard, Replicate 3; Table 3-5). Raw data for dugong population estimates can be found in Appendix D. Prepared for INPEX Page 27

38 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table 3-4 Details of group size estimates and correction factors used in the population estimates for dugongs (using Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method only # no mean group size or CV available due to sample size of 1; *due to no re-sightings between front and back observer (see Table 3-5), this PCF could not be estimated, it was set to 1 for the population size estimation calculations Survey Replicate Block Mean group size (CV) PCF (CV) ACF (CV) Starboard Port C1 1.0 (0) 1 C2 1.6 (0.19) 1.0 (0) 1.36 (0.30) 3.80 (0.17) B1 IM C1 1.3 (0.13) 1.0 (0) 2 C2 1.0 (0) 1.2 (0.16) 1.28 (0.14) 2.36 (0.26) IM 2.0 (0.42) C1 n/a # 1 C2 1.3 (0.25) 1.0 (0) 1.0 (0) 3.69 (0.19) IM 1.5 (0.14) B2 2 C1 C2 1.5 (0.33) 1.3 (0.33) n/a* (0) 1.33 (0.14) 3.13 (0.22) IM 1.3 (0.10) C1 1.5 (0.14) 3 C2 1.5 (0.17) 1.25 (0.15) 1.25 (0.11) 2.37 (0.21) IM 2.0 (0.50) C1 1.0 (0) 1 C2 1.2 (0.14) 1 (0) 1.24 (0.1) 2.55 (0.2) IM 2.1 (0.23) B3 2 C1 C2 1.8 (0.21) 1.1 (0.08) 1.07 (0.04) 1.11 (0.05) 4.13 (0.15) IM 1.5 (0.17) C1 1.4 (0.17) 3 C2 1.0 (0) 1.64 (0.36) 1.06 (0.05) 3.74 (0.19) IM 1.0 (0) The ACF was generally high, with corrections across all three baseline surveys (Table 3-4). These high ACF parameters are likely caused indirectly, by high water turbidity in the region (average of turbidity 4 across all survey times, which is based on a scale of 1 to 4, with 1 referring to clear water and 4 being turbid water were the depth range was variable and the seafloor was not visible). Turbidity, in itself, does not contribute to the calculation of these parameters, but in highly turbid conditions most sightings occur at, or breaking, the surface. This means there is a high proportion of sightings at the surface. Since the ACF is derived by dividing the proportion of sightings at the surface by the proportion of animals at the surface in relatively clear waters (e.g. Moreton Bay aerial surveys), the higher proportion of sightings at the surface in these surveys, the greater the survey ACF. Prepared for INPEX Page 28

39 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 During most flights, there were several relatively large groups of dugongs. For example, during B3 in the IM block during replicate 1, there were four groups of dugongs with group size of between 4 and 7 (26.6% of all sightings), which would have a large effect on the population estimate in this area. Note that C1 and C2 replicate 1 surveys had five dugong sightings each (C1 single dugong, C2 single dugongs with one sighting of two dugongs), which is a low number of sightings on which to base a population estimate over the entire area. In particular, all C1 sightings were on a single transect, which under represents the survey area by affecting the calculation of population estimates. Furthermore, there is a highly imprecise estimate for C1 due to the low number of sightings combined with the clumping of these on a single transect. With the exception of C2 replicates 1 and 2, most surveys had all sightings on only a few transects and in most cases the majority of sightings on a single transect. This spatial clumping, accounted for in the variance estimation of both methods and survey precision, is inversely related to the degree of spatial dispersion in survey blocks. Where sightings occur on relatively short transects (compared to other transects in the block) this effect is most dramatic. Table 3-5 Sightings histories for dugong groups sighted during B1, B2 and B3 surveys by individual observers Survey Replicate Number of dugong groups seen by: Total # dugong groups sighted % dugong groups sighted by both observers SF SR SB PF PR PB S'board Port B % 18 % % 30 % % 57 % B % 30 % % 38 % % 39 % B % 53 % % 55 % Starboard front (SF); starboard rear (SR); starboard both (SB); port front (PF); port rear (PR) and port both (PB) Dugong population size estimates for all baseline aerial surveys, using both methods, show large variation between replicates, reflected in the large standard errors (Table 3-6). Using the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method, the average population size of dugongs in the C1 block ranged from 176 (± 67) recorded during B1, to 287 (± 65) dugongs in the B2 survey. However, the estimate for the B2 survey was based on only one replicate flight as there were too few dugongs sighted to be able to estimate population size. During the B3 survey, the estimate population for the C1 block was 157 (± 118) dugongs, based on two replicate flights. There was, however, considerable inter-survey variation in the B3 aerial flights, with an estimated population of 81 dugongs sighted in the first replicate and 232 dugongs in the second flight (no estimate was possible for the third replicate), which reduced the overall population estimate for the B3 aerial survey. Spatial variation was also evident. The C2 block had a dugong population estimate ranging from 188 (± 68) dugongs in B1, to the highest estimate of dugongs (325 ± 78) during the B2 aerial survey (based on 2 replicates). There was large inter-survey variation during the B3 survey, with an estimate 99 (± 42) dugongs during the first replicate and 337 (± 103) dugongs during the second replicate, with an overall estimated population of 218 (± 79) dugongs for the B3 aerial survey. The IM block had a larger estimated dugong population, ranging from 243 (± 67) dugongs in B1, 411 (± 139) in B2 and 401 (± 185) dugongs estimated during B3. Prepared for INPEX Page 29

40 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Population estimates using the Pollock et al. (2006) method were generally lower than estimates based on the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method. The estimates using the former method is comparable with dugong population size studies in other areas of Australia (e.g. the southern Great Barrier Reef, Sobtzick et al. 2012). However, the estimates based on the Pollock et al. (2006) were particularly low compared in some replicates, to those resulting from the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method (e.g. around 50% in first replicate in B1 and third replicate in B3). While it is likely that spatial heterogeneity of sighting conditions which are accounted for each individual sighting in the Pollock et al. (2006) method but averaged out over the entire block in the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method is a likely cause, all three aerial surveys were in the same environmental conditions and therefore most have a constant availability probability. Block C1 in the third replicate aerial survey in B2 was the only survey where the Pollock et al. (2006) estimate was larger than the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) estimate. Again, this was likely caused by the different sighting probabilities of individual dugongs, which were accounted for individually in the Pollock et al. (2006) method. Prepared for INPEX Page 30

41 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table 3-6 Comparison of the dugongs population size estimates (± SE) using the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) and Pollock et al. (2006) methods during B1, B2 and B3 aerial surveys. Tfe: too few estimates for population size estimations (< 5 sightings per repeat) Block Marsh and Sinclair (1989) Pollock et al. (2006) Pollock estimate as % of Marsh and Sinclair Estimate (± SE) Estimate (± SE) (1989) estimate B1 - Replicate 1 C1 238 (86) 121 (87) 51 % C2 252 (85) 130 (71) 52 % IM 254 (76) 128 (67) 50 % Total 744 (143) % B1 - Replicate 2 C1 114 (40) 100 (83) 88 % C2 124 (45) 98 (79) 79 % IM 232 (56) 185 (121) 80 % Total 470 (82) 385 (167) 81 % B2 - Replicate 1 C1 tfe tfe n/a C2 tfe tfe n/a IM 461 (138) 223 (111) 54 % Total 461 (138) 223 (111) 54 % B2 Replicate 2 C1 tfe tfe n/a C2 tfe tfe n/a IM 361 (139) 274 (180) 76 % Total 361 (139) 274 (180) 78 % B2 Replicate 3 C1 287 (65) 424 (206) 148 % C2 325 (78) 273 (139) 84 % IM tfe tfe n/a Total 612 (102) 697 (249) 114 % B3 Replicate 1 C1 81 (74) 68 (35) 84 % C2 99 (42) 76 (30) 77 % IM 485 (161) 434 (82) 89 % Total 665 (182) 578 (94) 87 % B3 Replicate 2 C1 232 (149) 122 (51) 53 % C2 337 (103) 162 (42) 48 % IM 364 (185) 180 (56) 49 % Total 933 (259) 464 (87) 127 % B3 Replicate 3 C1 C2 tfe tfe IM 353 (207) 190 (69) 54 % Total 353 (207) 190 (69) 54 % tfe tfe n/a n/a Prepared for INPEX Page 31

42 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Dugong Density Dugong densities were calculated using corrected data (perception and availability) for each of the three survey blocks (C1, C2 and IM) and for each of the aerial baseline surveys (B1, B2 and B3). Densities were not consistently greater in any particular block, with large confidence intervals (Figure 3-11 and Table 3-7). Many of these sightings were spatially clumped, which may affect precision, resulting in large confidence intervals (CIs) for density estimates. While the B3 survey appeared to have greater densities in each block, particularly in the IM block, these differences were not statistically significant due to the large variation, represented by large CIs. In the C1 block, average densities ranged from 0.20 dugongs/km 2 during B3, to 0.34 dugongs/km 2 in B2. The C2 block indicated similar results (B1: 0.19 dugongs/km 2, B2: 0.32 dugongs/km 2, B3: 0.22 dugongs/km 2 ). The IM block showed the highest densities, particularly during B3 survey, with 0.35 dugongs/km 2. To identify potential hotspots within the IM block, the area was further divided and regional densities of dugongs were calculated (Section ). C1 C2 IM Figure 3-11 Dugong density from corrected population estimates (symbols), with 95% confidence intervals (whiskers), after the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method Estimates with an (*) above indicate a truncation of the lower CI at the actual number of dugongs sighted in transect in the raw data, as analytical CIs extended lower than this. Confidence intervals are given in Table 3-7. Prepared for INPEX Page 32

43 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table 3-7 Dugong density (± CI) for blocks C1, C2 and IM during baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) after the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method B1 = 2 flight replicates; B2, B3 = 3 flight replicates; for some replicates, density estimations were not available due to small sample sizes; in some cases where the lower CI is less than zero, the actual number of animals sighted was used as the minimum density estimate Block Survey Replicate Density CI - CI + CI B1 1 st nd C1 C2 IM B2 B3 B1 B2 B3 B1 B2 B3 1 st nd rd st nd rd st nd st nd rd st nd rd st nd st nd rd st nd rd Prepared for INPEX Page 33

44 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Estimation of Regional Relative Dugong Densities Estimation of regional relative dugong densities was calculated based on data for raw sightings. The IM block was divided into 43, 6 x 6 km grids, to produce density diagrams. Dugong density was calculated for each grid cell based on sampling intensity, transect length, approximate transect width (0.4 km) and area sampled within each cell. Tidal ranges for each of the flight replicates for baseline within surveys B1, B2 and B3 are presented in Table 3-8. Within the IM block, dugong densities were relatively lower in B1, in comparison to aerial surveys during B2 and B3. Densities were mainly concentrated on the eastern side of the outer harbour within Shoal Bay, with only two areas (cells 26 and 40, Figure 3-12) within the inner harbour reflecting sightings of dugongs. Notably, the area around Fannie Bay (cell 26), had the highest density of dugongs per unit area in the IM block during B1, with a density of 2.87 dugongs/km 2. During the B2 aerial survey, there was an increase in dugongs sighted, which was reflected in 15 cells recording densities for dugongs (Figure 3-13), concentrated in the outer harbour across the eastern harbour to Shoal Bay. In B2, there was an increase in dugong sightings within Darwin Harbour, with six cells recording dugongs. Highest densities were recorded in East Arm (3.07 dugongs/km 2 ; cell 40), Middle Arm (2.85dugongs/km 2 ; cell 39) and West Arm (2.5 dugongs/km 2 ; cell 34). During the B3 aerial survey, there was marked increase in dugong density in the outer harbour and substantially fewer sightings within the inner harbour. As with B1 and B2, densities within Shoal Bay were recorded across similar cells, perhaps indicative of preferred dugong habitats or foraging grounds. Outer harbour dugong densities extended from Gunn Point in the east to Cox Peninsula in the west, with highest densities recorded around Lee Point in the east (3.69 dugongs/km 2 ; cell 20). Figure 3-14 depicts densities of dugongs overlaid on confirmed seagrass meadows identified during October 2012 mapping surveys (Cardno 2012b, Geo Oceans 2012). Prepared for INPEX Page 34

45 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-12 Dugong relative densities in the IM block during the B1 aerial surveys Prepared for INPEX Page 35

46 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1. Figure 3-13 Dugong relative densities in the IM block during the B2 aerial surveys Prepared for INPEX Page 36

47 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-14 Dugong relative densities in the IM block during the B3 aerial surveys Prepared for INPEX Page 37

48 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table 3-8 Summary of dugong densities and tidal ranges recorded within the IM block for Baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3). Within each tidal area (1-8), tidal ranges (cm) were calculated according to flight time. Densities (number of dugongs/km 2 ) were calculated on the area of water sampled within each grid cell. Refer to Figure 3-12 to Figure 3-14 for grid cell reference. Baseline Period B1 B2 B3 Tidal Area Grid cell Tidal Range Rep. 1 Rep. 2 Density Rep. 1 Rep. 2 Rep. 3 Density Rep. 1 Rep. 2 Rep. 3 Density Prepared for INPEX Page 38

49 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Baseline Period B1 B2 B3 Tidal Area Grid cell Tidal Range Rep. 1 Rep. 2 Density Rep. 1 Rep. 2 Rep. 3 Density Rep. 1 Rep. 2 Rep. 3 Density Prepared for INPEX Page 39

50 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Estimates of Turtle Population Size Details of the mean group sizes and correction factors used for estimating the size of the turtle populations in the three aerial survey blocks; C1, C2 and IM during each survey event over the Baseline period (B1, B2 and B3) is provided in Table 3-9. Population estimates were calculated using MARK (Cunningham 2009). It was not possible to correct for availability bias for turtles because of the lack of such data for turtles to use as a standard. The ACF for turtles was therefore set to 1, with a SE of 0. Perception Correction Factors for turtle population size estimations showed a wide range (from 1.19 (B3, replicate 2) to 9.98 (B2, replicate 1; Table 3-9). These values were generally greater than PCF for a similar survey on turtle population size estimations in Western Australia (see Preen et al. 1997, PCF range ). The PCFs for the starboard observers was generally greater than the PCF for the port observers, which was likely to be a factor of the experience of the observers. The highest PCF during the entire monitoring program was observed for the starboard side during the first replicate in B1, which was an effect of the low percentages of turtles sighted by both observers (2%, see Table 3-10). The model of best fit for all surveys was all observers different. Raw turtle population estimate data is presented in Appendix E Table 3-9 Details of turtle group size estimates and correction factors used in population estimates These parameters were used in the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method only. Due to a lack of a standard for turtles, the ACF could not be estimated. PCF: Perception Correction Factor; ACF: Availability Correction Factor; all Parameter estimates in this table were based upon all sightings (including those in the inside and outside zones) Survey Replicate Block Mean group size (CV) PCF (CV) Starboard Port C1 1.0 (0) 1 C2 1.0 (0.16) 2.32 (0.28) 1.98 (0.14) B1 2 IM C1 C2 IM 1.1 (0.04) 1.0 (0) 1.1 (0.03) 1.0 (0.01) 2.13 (0.20) 1.48 (0.11) C1 1.0 (0) 1 C2 1.1 (0.06) 9.98 (0.66) 1.59 (0.12) IM 1.1 (0.03) B2 2 C1 C2 IM 1.0 (0) 1.0 (0) 1.0 (0.02) 2.67 (0.28) 1.42 (1.0) 3 C1 C2 IM 1.1 (0.02) 1.0 (0.01) 1.0 (0) 2.51 (0.26) 1.37 (0.09) 1 C1 C2 IM 1.04 (0.02) 1.03 (0.02) 1.23 (0.03) 1.39 (0.05) 1.57 (0.07) B3 2 C1 C2 IM 1.15 (0.04) 1.04 (0.02) 1.08 (0.03) 1.37 (0.06) 1.19 (0.03) 3 C1 C2 IM 1.00 (0) 1.06 (0.04) 1.13 (0.05) 1.85 (1.14) 1.30 (0.05) Prepared for INPEX Page 40

51 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 In the B3 aerial surveys, the turtle PCFs were generally lower compared to previous baseline surveys as a result of an increase in recaptures between observers (between 18 43%; Table 3-10). This is in contrast to turtle recaptures of between 3 and 21% in previous baseline aerial surveys (Cardno 2012c). Table 3-10 Sightings histories for turtles observed during B1, B2 and B3 by individual observers Survey Replicate Number of turtle seen by Total # turtles sighted % of turtles sighted by both observers SF SR SB PF PR PB S'board Port B % 16 % % 19 % % 15 % B % 15 % % 21 % % 25 % B % 43 % % 34 % SR: starboard front; SR: starboard rear; SB: starboard both; PF: port front; PR: port rear; PB: port both Population size estimates for turtles for the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) and Pollock et al. (2006) methods were similar (Table 3-11), which was an effect of using the same ACF (set to 1 due to the lack of an appropriate standard)) for both methods. By standardising the ACF in that way, the Pollock et al. (2006) method loses its ability to correct for spatial heterogeneity in sighting conditions for individual sightings. Independent studies that provide an appropriate standard for turtles and therefore enable the calculation of ACFs can greatly enhance the accuracy of population size estimation for turtles. Again (except in replicate 3), higher MARK detection probabilities were apparent in the B3 aerial surveys due to more recaptures between observers than in previous periods. Similar to previous surveys, the Pollock et al. (2006) estimate were similar to the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) estimates. In all instances, this is likely due to the fact that the perception process in all accounts (for both methods) is modelled in a generalised Lincoln-Peterson capture-recapture framework. As opposed to previous surveys, more precise estimates of detection probabilities seem to have resulted in generally more precise Pollock et al. (2006) estimates with previous results. The exception to this is the replicate 3 where there was a low detection probability on the SR seat, which decreased survey precision. In B1 and B2 aerial surveys, the estimated population sizes for turtles varied greatly between replicates and between the three blocks (Table 3-11). Precision was low (standard errors were large), which was probably caused by the low recapture rate between observers. The high estimated turtle population size for both methods in the first replicate in B2 was largely influenced by a low detection probability for turtles on the starboard side (a direct result of the low recapture rate on the starboard side) (Table 3-10). Using the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method, the average population size of the turtle population in C1 ranged from only 335 (± 47) during B1 to 1,333 (± 213) in the B2 survey and 778 (± 174) turtles in B3. Results were similar for the C2 block (B1: 790 ± 125, B2: 887 ± 181, B3: 803 ± 102 turtles). In the B3 aerial survey, the turtle population estimates (using the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method) appeared more consistent between surveys in the C1 and C2 blocks. Larger sample sizes and less spatial clumping also led to more precise estimates of turtles for both methods, compared with dugongs. However, in the IM block there was a sizable increase in the estimate turtle population with 739 (± 188) turtles estimated in B1, increasing to 1,469 (± 369) turtles estimated during B2, decreasing slightly in B3 to 868 (± 124) turtles. Prepared for INPEX Page 41

52 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table 3-11 Comparison of the population size estimates (± SE) for turtles using the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) and Pollock et al. (2005) methods in aerial surveys B1, B2 and B3 Block Marsh and Sinclair (1989) Pollock et al. (2006) Pollock estimate as % of Marsh & Sinclair estimate Estimate (± SE) Estimate (± SE) B1 Replicate 1 C1 372 (47) 399 (256) 107 % C2 1,001 (151) 1,113 (714) 111 % IM 698 (250) 740 (475) 106 % Total 2,071 (296) 2,252 (895) 109 % B1 Replicate 2 C1 297 (46) 301 (197) 101 % C2 579 (92) 551 (333) 95 % IM 780 (92) 764 (479) 98 % Total 1,656 (138) 1,616 (616) 98 % B2 Replicate 1 C1 2,291 (332) 2,302 (822) 101 % C2 1,380 (292) 1,427 (552) 103 % IM 2,711 (607) 2,770 (1,044) 102 % Total 6,382 (751) 6,499 (1,439) 102 % B2 Replicate 2 C1 427 (90) 428 (261) 100 % C2 693 (89) 695 (394) 100 % IM 957 (149) 965 (547) 101 % Total 2,077 (196) 2,088 (723) 101 % B2 Replicate 3 C1 1,280 (132) 1,260 (632) 98 % C2 587 (68) 728 (427) 124 % IM 740 (138) 576 (328) 78 % Total 2,607 (203) 2,564 (830) 98 % B3 Replicate 1 C1 877 (161) 864 (154) 99 % C2 877 (116) 878 (136) 100 % IM 1,428 (143) 1,420 (192) 99 % Total 3,182 (245) 3,162 (281) 99 % B3 Replicate 2 C1 755 (179) 744 (148) 99 % C2 1,059 (97) 1,067 (125) 101 % IM 513 (113) 489 (105) 95 % Total 2,327 (233) 2,300 (220) 99 % B3 Replicate 3 C1 703 (182) 690 (203) 98 % C2 472 (91) 481 (149) 102 % IM 662 (112) 652 (178) 98 % Total 1,837 (232) 1,823 (308) 99 % Prepared for INPEX Page 42

53 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Turtle Density Turtle densities were calculated for each of the three aerial survey blocks (C1, C2 and IM block) with corrected data (perception and availability) for B3 aerial survey. Densities ranged from the 0.76 turtles/km 2 in the IM block to 0.96 turtles/km 2 in the C1 block (Figure 3-15 and Table 3-12). These values are comparable to densities for turtles in Western Australia (0.4 turtles/km 2 in Shark Bay to 4.9 turtles/km 2 in Ningaloo, Preen et al. 1997). Following the reasonably precise Marsh and Sinclair (1989) population estimates, turtle density estimates in B3 have relatively good precision, and for C1 block remained relatively constant throughout the B3 period (Table 3-12). C1 C2 IM Figure 3-15 Turtle density from corrected population estimates (symbols), with 95% confidence intervals (whiskers), after the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method Confidence intervals are listed in Table Prepared for INPEX Page 43

54 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table 3-12 Turtle density ± Confidence Intervals (CI) for each survey block (C1, C2 and IM) during baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) after the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method B1 = 2 replicate flights; B2, B3 = 3 replicate flights Block Month Replicate Density CI - CI + CI B1 1 st nd C1 C2 IM B2 B3 B1 B2 B3 B1 B2 B3 1 st nd rd st nd rd st nd st nd rd st nd rd st nd st nd rd st nd rd Prepared for INPEX Page 44

55 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Estimation of Regional Relative Turtle Densities Estimation of regional relative turtle densities was calculated based on the raw sighting data. The IM block was divided into 43, 6 km x 6 km grids, to produce density diagrams. Turtle density was calculated for each grid cell based on sampling intensity, transect length, approximate transect width (0.4 km) and area sampled within each cell. Tidal ranges for each of the flight replicate for baseline surveys B1, B2 and B3 are presented in Table Similar to the regional dugong densities in B1, turtle densities was relatively lower in comparison to B2 and B3. Furthermore, comparable with the densities of dugongs, turtle densities were mainly concentrated on the eastern side of outer harbour (Figure 3-16). Overall, B1 turtle densities were lower than B2 and B3, with the highest density for B1 recorded around Fannie Bay (2.51 turtles/km 2, cell 26), consistent with the highest density of dugongs for B1 surveys (2.87 turtles/km 2, cell 26). During B2 aerial survey, turtle density and range increased notably with 84% of cells recording turtles in the IM block (Figure 3-17). Densities in the inner harbour depicted a marked increase during B2, with highest densities recorded around Blaydin Point (2.95 turtles/km 2, cell 37) and Wickham Point (2.09 turtles/km 2, cell 36), representing a 500% and 100% increase, respectively, between B1 and B2 surveys. Overall, the inner harbour experienced a noticeable growth in densities, with increases ranging between 30% and 700% for inner harbour cells. Only one cell in the inner harbour (Fannie Bay) showed a decrease in turtle density (cell 26, 85%). In the outer harbour, a similar pattern was observed, with 16 of the 29 cells displaying an increase in densities, nine areas recording a decrease in density and four remaining unchanged from the B1 aerial survey. Increases in turtle density ranged between 33% and 590%, with highest densities recorded around Lee Point (2.85 turtles/km 2, cell 20 and 1.67 turtles/km 2 cell 21), near Cox Peninsula (1.53 turtles/km 2, cell 1) and near Gunn Point (1.94 turtles/km 2, cell 16). Baseline survey 3 reflected an overall growth in turtle density with sizeable increases for most areas around the IM block. During this period, there were sightings in 93% of the area, with 19 of the 43 cells depicting densities between 1 and 2 turtles/km 2, and 10 cells with densities greater than 2 turtles/km 2 (Figure 3-18). Of the 14 cells in the inner harbour region, five experienced a decline in turtle density, whereas seven areas increased and two remained unchanged. Densities in the inner harbour were highest across the middle of the harbour (cells 31, 35), with densities of 4.44 turtles/km 2 and 3.98 turtles/km 2 respectively. In the outer harbour, 76% of the area showed increases in densities. This was particularly evident around Fannie Bay, Lee Point and Shoal Bay where increases ranged between 59% and 700%. When overlaid on October 2012 Seagrass Mapping surveys (Cardno 2012b, Geo Oceans 2012), increased sightings in this area correlated with an increase in seagrass distribution. Prepared for INPEX Page 45

56 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-16 Turtle relative densities in the IM block during the B1 aerial surveys Prepared for INPEX Page 46

57 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-17 Turtle relative densities in the IM block during the B2 aerial surveys Prepared for INPEX Page 47

58 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-18 Turtle relative densities in the IM block during the B3 aerial surveys Prepared for INPEX Page 48

59 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table 3-13 Summary of turtle densities and tidal ranges recorded within the IM block for B1, B2 and B3 aerial surveys Within each tidal area (1-8), tidal ranges (cm) were calculated according to flight time. Densities (turtles/km 2 ) were calculated on the area of water sampled within each grid cell. Refer to Figure 3-16 to Figure 3-18 for grid cell reference Baseline Period B1 B2 B3 Tidal Area Grid cell Tidal Range (cm) Tidal Range (cm) Tidal Range (cm) Rep. 1 Rep. 2 Density Rep. 1 Rep. 2 Rep. 3 Density Rep. 1 Rep. 2 Rep. 3 Density Prepared for INPEX Page 49

60 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Baseline Period B1 B2 B3 Tidal Area Grid cell Tidal Range (cm) Tidal Range (cm) Tidal Range (cm) Rep. 1 Rep. 2 Density Rep. 1 Rep. 2 Rep. 3 Density Rep. 1 Rep. 2 Rep. 3 Density Prepared for INPEX Page 50

61 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Statistical Analysis Aerial Surveys PERMANOVA (multi- and univariate) was used to analyse fully orthogonal fixed factor designs comparing observations of turtles and dugongs between baseline surveys (Phases) and between Blocks (IM, C1 and C2). Comparison of counts of turtles and dugongs in the Baseline surveys (B1 and B2; Phase 1) was undertaken with those of the third baseline survey (Phase 2). Comparison of aerial counts of turtles (per km 2 ) revealed no significant differences between Phases or Blocks (Table 3-14). As in previous baseline surveys, B3 was characterised by considerable variability in counts, as reflected in the large confidence limits (Table 3-14). Similarly, no significant differences were identified between Phases or Blocks for counts of dugongs and averages were associated with large confidence limits (Table 3-14). The largest components of variance were the Residuals, suggesting either that the distribution of animals was random (or nearly so), or it was influenced by factors not included in these models. Table 3-14 Univariate PERMANOVA analyses of counts of turtles and dugongs based on aerial surveys (per km) No factors were significantly different (p 0.05) Sources of Variation Degrees of freedom SS MS F P Component of variance % Turtles Phase Survey Survey (Phase) Phase x Block Survey (Phase) x Block Residual Total Dugongs Phase Survey Survey (Phase) Phase x Block Survey (Phase) x Block Residual Total Prepared for INPEX Page 51

62 Mean count ± 95% CL Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Turtles Dugongs C1 C2 IM B1 C1 C2 IM C1 C2 IM B2 B3 Phase 1 Phase C1 C2 IM B1 C1 C2 IM C1 C2 IM B2 B3 Phase 1 Phase 2 Figure 3-19 Mean (± 95 % CL, n above each bar) aerial counts (per km 2 ) of turtles and dugongs across Blocks in each Phase (Phase 1=B1, B2; Phase 2 = B3) and Survey. Negative CL truncated at zero Results of Quality Control Checks All edited files were checked for errors by randomly selecting 10% for each transcribed transects. Of the 233 entries quality checked for this aerial survey by the observers, five errors were found (2%). During the Master data base quality check, there were 384 entries checked, with eight errors (2%). All errors were subsequently corrected. The raw data for the Quality Control checks is presented in Appendix A. Prepared for INPEX Page 52

63 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Boat Surveys Survey Effort The B3 survey encompassed over 64 hours on the vessel (average: 6 h 28 min), equating to over 29 hours undertaking sampling at each point location, with an average of approximately 45 min at each site (Table 3-15). Weather conditions were suitable during the surveys, with an average BSS of approximately 2 (range: 1-4) and an average wind speed of 6.6 km/h (min 0, max 23 km/h). The tracks undertaken by the boat on each field day are presented in Appendix F. Table 3-15 Survey effort for boat-based surveys and point-sampling during the B3 survey Date Location surveyed (area) Time on boat 1 Oct Charles Point (2) 6:00 1:30** 2 Oct Charles Point (2) 4:45 2:40 3 Oct Fannie Bay (3), Vernon Islands (4) 9:20 3:45 4 Oct Charles Point (2), Wickham Point (1) 7:30 4:15 5 Oct Wickham Point (1), Fannie Bay (3), Vernon Islands (4) 7:20 3:40 6 Oct Charles Point (2), Fannie Bay (3) 6:40 2:45 7 Oct Wickham Point (1) 4:30 2:45 8 Oct Fannie Bay (3), Vernon Islands (4) 7:25 2:40 9 Oct Charles Point (2), Fannie Bay (3), Vernon Islands (4) 6:15 3:25 10 Oct Charles Point (2), Wickham Point (1) 4:55 2:10 Total 64:40 29:35 * includes time undertaking water sampling, ** includes time spent undertaking distance estimation training Time at sample sites* Summary Statistics Turtles were the prevalent animals observed during the B3 boat-based survey, which was consistent with B1 and B2 boat surveys (Figure 3-21, Table 3-16). There were eight sightings of dugongs during the B3 survey, four of which were sighted during point sampling and a further four animals observed from the boat when off effort. This was an increase from the B2 survey, where only single dugongs were observed on three separate occasions (Figure 3-21). There was a considerable increase in turtle sightings during point sampling in the B3 boat survey (n = 135), compared with nine sightings during B1 and 26 sightings during B2 (Table 3-16). The distribution of turtles varied across the monitoring area; however, were highest in Areas 2 and 4 (n = 49 and 71, respectively), with an increase in sightings at sites SP3, SP14 and SP17 compared with B1 and B2 boat surveys (Figure 3-20). Both dugongs and turtles were observed more frequently and in greater numbers during B3 survey, than in either B1 or B2 boat surveys. All raw data for observations collected during the boat surveys are presented in Appendix G. Prepared for INPEX Page 53

64 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Table 3-16 Number of dugong and turtle sightings during B3 point sampling boat surveys in the four surveyed areas, based on 2 replicates. Total numbers reflect on effort sightings only. NB. numbers refer to sightings rather than individual animals. Area 1 = inner harbour, Area 2 = western harbour, Area 3 = Fannie Bay to Lee Point and Area 4 = Shoal Bay to the Vernon Islands (refer to Figure 2-1) Baseline 3 (B3) Total Sightings All Baselines Point Sampling Off Effort Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Area 4 B1 B2 B3 No. of replicates Dugongs Green turtles Hawksbill turtles Olive ridley turtles Flatback turtles Unidentified turtles Total Sightings Prepared for INPEX Page 54

65 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-20 Distribution of dugongs and turtles sighted during baseline boat surveys B1, B2 and B3 Prepared for INPEX Page 55

66 # of sightings Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report All Sightings Dugong Green Hawksbill Olive Ridley Flatback Unidentified Species sighted B1 B2 B3 Figure 3-21 Comparison of dugongs and turtles observed during point sampling boat surveys (B1, B2 and B3) Based on 1 replicate for B1 and B2 surveys; for comparison, B3 sightings were averaged to account for 2 replicates Dugong Sightings There were eight dugongs sighted during the B3 boat survey (Table 3-16); four dugongs were sighted off effort and four dugongs observed during point sampling (based on 2 replicates). Of these, there were three dugongs (2 adults, 1 juvenile) sighted together during the off effort period, approximately 100 m from shore in Fannie Bay, displaying behaviour consistent with foraging. Of the four animals sighted during point sampling, two animals were sighted together in SP15 (north east of Lee Point). Individual dugongs were also sighted at SP10, inside Fannie Bay and another sighted deep in Woods Inlet at SP4a (Figure 3-20). Of the four dugongs sighted during point sampling in B3, the two animals sighted together north east of Lee Point (SP15) were sighted over sand/sediment, close to a high-confidence seagrass habitat (Figure 3-22, Figure 3-24) and in waters less than 5 m in depth (Figure 3-23). The dugongs observed in Fannie Bay (SP10) and in Woods Inlet (SP4a), were sighted relatively close to shore and in habitats that were consistent with sand bottom, reef and/or seagrass (Figure 3-22, Figure 3-24). Prepared for INPEX Page 56

67 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-22 The distribution of dugongs and turtles during the B3 boat survey, showing the number of species sighted at each point sampling location Prepared for INPEX Page 57

68 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Turtle Sightings During B3 boat-based point-sampling, there was an average of 68 turtle sightings (based on 2 replicates); considerably higher than the number of sightings in B1 (n = 9) and B2 (n = 29). Four species of turtle were identified, including the green, hawksbill, olive ridley and flatback turtles. These species were observed during all baseline surveys, in varying numbers. During B3, 34% of turtles were identified as greens and only one each of hawksbill and olive ridley turtle. One flatback was sighted off effort during the boat surveys. A further 64% of turtles were unidentified. Turtle sightings were greatest in Area 4 (from Lee Point to the Vernon Islands, n = 71). This represented a large number of sightings near the reef at Gunn Point (SP17, n = 45) and a further 22 turtle sightings on the north side of Lee Point (SP14, Figure 3-22). There was also a high occurrence of turtles in Area 2 (n = 49), particularly around Weed Reef (SP3), with 34 turtle sightings during the B3 boat survey. Turtles were sighted across all depth classes, but predominantly in shallower waters, with the deepest sighting in the channel off the Vernon Islands in 29 m of water (SP18, replicate 1 and 2). This is consistent with the data collected during B2 (SP18, replicate 1). Around the Project area, (Area 1, inner harbour) 67% of sightings were in waters less than 5 m depth, with a further 33% of turtles sighted in waters 11 to 20 m depth (Figure 3-23). In Area 2 (western harbour towards Charles Point), the majority of sightings were in waters 6 to 10 m in depth (64%), 32% in 0 to 5m depth and only 4% in 11 to 20 m of water. From Fannie Bay to Lee Point (Area 3) turtles were predominantly sighted in waters less than 5 m in depth (85%), with a further 15% of sightings in the 6 to 10 m category. Further north toward the Vernon Islands (Area 4), turtle sightings were more wide-spread and this was the only area where turtles were sighted in waters greater than 20 m (4%), while 62% of sightings were in waters between 11 and 20 m and a further 34% were recorded in shallow waters (<5 m, Figure 3-23). Overall, most turtles sighted were in unknown habitat types (73%), particularly in Areas 1 and 2 (Figure 3-24). In Area 3 from Fannie Bay to Lee Point, however, most sightings were over reef (46%), 38% over a sandy bottom and 8% associated with seagrass. Only 8% of turtle sightings were in unknown habitat in Area 3. From Gunn Point to the Vernon Islands, sightings were across several different habitat types, with 64% of sightings in unknown habitat, 26% in sand, 5% of sightings in seagrass habitats and only 1% in reef areas Dolphin Sightings Raw data pertaining to dolphins sighted during this monitoring program will be supplied to DLPE and are not summarised in this report. Prepared for INPEX Page 58

69 # sightings Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 10 Area 1 35 Area 2 B B2 25 B Area Area Depth range (m) Figure 3-23 Frequency distribution of all sightings (turtles and dugongs) with respect to depth classes for each of the baseline boat surveys (B1, B2 and B3) for the surveyed areas Prepared for INPEX Page 59

70 # sightings Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Area Area 2 B1 B B Area Area Benthic habitat types Figure 3-24 Frequency distribution of all sightings with respect to habitat for the baseline boat surveys (B1, B2 and B3), for each of the four surveyed areas Prepared for INPEX Page 60

71 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Statistical Analysis Boat Surveys Comparison of counts of turtles in baseline surveys B1 and B2 (Phase 1), with those of B3 (Phase 2), revealed a significant interaction between Phase and Area. This indicates that the difference between Phases varied among Areas (Table 3-17). Post hoc tests revealed that the difference between Phases was evident only in Area 2 (western harbour towards Charles Point; Figure 3-25). A weakly significant difference between Areas 1 and 3 was apparent in Phase 2 (Figure 3-25). As in previous boat surveys, B3 was characterised by considerable variability in counts, as reflected in the large confidence limits. No analyses were done for dugongs due to insufficient data. Table 3-17 PERMANOVA analyses of point counts of turtles Significant factors in bold (p 0.05). RED = redundant term due to significant interaction Sources of Variation Degrees of freedom SS MS F P Component of variance % Phase RED - Survey RED - Survey (Phase) < Phase x Area Survey (Phase) x Area Residual 43 1, Total 52 2, Post hoc Permutational t-tests of Phase x Area for Phase Area 1 t p Phase 1 vs. Phase Area 2 Phase 1 vs. Phase < 0.01 Area 3 Phase 1 vs. Phase Area 4 No test Post hoc Permutational t-tests of Phase x Area for Area Phase 1 t p Area 1 vs. Area Area 1 vs. Area Area 2 vs. Area Phase 2 Area 1 vs. Area Area 1 vs. Area Area 1 vs. Area Area 2 vs. Area Area 3 vs. Area Area 3 vs. Area Prepared for INPEX Page 61

72 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-25 Mean (± 95 % CL, n above each bar) point counts per 30-minutes of turtles and dugongs across Areas in each Phase and Survey for the baseline boat surveys. Negative CL truncated at zero. Asterisks and dashed lines indicate significant differences (*** p 0.01; * p 0.05) Water Sampling Water variables were collected at the end of each point sampling site during B2 and B3 boat surveys. Data collected included water temperature (ºC), water depth (m), salinity (ppt) and turbidity (Nephelometric Turbidity Units, NTU). For the purpose of this analysis, only water temperature was compared between surveys (Figure 3-26) Results of Quality Control Checks All files were checked for completeness and any missing cells or information was corrected, as described in Section Of the 274 line entries checked for B3 boat survey, 16 errors were found (6%) and corrected. All errors were subsequently corrected. The raw data for Quality Control checks are presented in Appendix A. Prepared for INPEX Page 62

73 Water Temperature ( C) Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Baseline 2 - August 2012 Baseline 3 - October 2012 SP1 SP2 SP3 SP3A SP4 SP4A SP5 SP6 SP7 SP8 SP9 SP10 SP11 SP12 SP13 SP14 SP15 SP16 SP17 SP18 Sites Figure 3-26 Water temperature comparison by point-sampling collected during B2 and B3 boat surveys in 2012 Prepared for INPEX Page 63

74 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report Turtle Tagging A total of 22 turtles were sighted during this period (Table 3-18), most of which were identified as green turtles. One turtle was successfully captured and tagged on 15 November 2012, and a further two green turtles were temporarily entangled on 16 and 17 November Water visibility at the beginning of the survey period was poor due to recent increased rainfall (Turbidity 4 where water is turbid and seafloor not visible). However, by the fourth day, the turbidity decreased in Darwin Harbour, increasing visibility of the net to approximately 2 to 3 metres (Turbidity 2 where the water quality is variable and the seafloor is visible but unclear). The failure to catch many turtles may have been two-fold; water turbidity and the sightability, and subsequent aversion of the net. During the four day period water visibility was good, often exceeding two metres, and is likely to have contributed to turtle s ability to sight the net and consequently avoid it. The one occasion when an animal swam into the net the tide was coming in and visibility had diminished. Furthermore, observations made of juvenile turtle behaviour indicated that turtles were able to clearly see the net, often swimming in close proximity along its length but avoiding becoming entrapped in the mesh. This was probably due to the highly visible nature of floats and the float line, which had been made so that it would be very obvious that a turtle had become entrapped, and consequently could be removed quickly. In future tagging events, modifications may be adapted to the float line, making it less visible to the turtles. As of 11 December 2012, 72 Argos geo-locations and three Fastloc GPS locations have been received. There has been a further 50 failed GPS attempts due to surfacing behaviour. Observations of turtles at Channel Island suggest that turtles are surfacing for relatively short periods of time inhibiting transmission of more messages. There have been relatively few studies undertaken in which juvenile species have been satellite tagged (Van Dam and Diez 1996, Makowski et al. 2006) and therefore, given the small sample size of the current monitoring program (n = 1) and a general lack of research on juvenile turtle behaviour, it is unclear if this behaviour can be attributed to the life stage of the animal (juvenile), general behaviour of turtles within the area or an individualistic behaviour associated with the current tagged turtle. The current Fastloc GPS positions, however, infer high precision with an accuracy of between a 9.9 and 30.1 m radius of the given location (Figure 3-27). The three Fastloc GPS positions received thus far show the tagged turtle has remained in close proximity to Channel Island. The Argos positions, however, are all considered to be B quality locations, where only one or two messages are received per satellite passing, with a high error radius ( 1500 m). Again, this is due to the surfacing behaviour of juvenile turtles. Table 3-18 Number of turtle sightings at Channel Island Bridge during the November 2012 tagging event Turtle Sightings Channel Island Bridge Date Area Location Number of sightings Species sighted 14-Sep-12 Southern channel S12º33'24.34" E 130º52'24.83" 5 Green 15-Sep-12 Northern channel S12º33'00.00" E 130º52'24.03" 4 Green 16-Sep-12 Northern channel S12º32'59.09" E 130º52'26.05" 5 Green 17-Sep-12 Northern channel S12º32'57.03" E 130º52'36.02" 8 Green 1 x Olive ridley Prepared for INPEX Page 64

75 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Figure 3-27 Transmitted geo-locations of tagged turtle since 15 November Yellow dots indicate Argos positions (>1.5km error); green dots near capture site indicate Fastloc (<30.1m error) GPS positions up to 11 December 2012 Prepared for INPEX Page 65

76 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 4 Discussion 4.1 Aerial Surveys Three aerial surveys were successfully undertaken in 2012 (B1: June, B2: July and B3: September/ October) for the TDMP. There were a total of eight replicate flights in each of the three survey blocks (B1 = 2 replicates, B2 and B3 = 3 replicates), encompassing an area from Bynoe Harbour in the west (C1) to the Vernon Islands and Melville Island in the east (C2) and around Darwin Harbour/Hope Inlet region (including the Project area) (IM). Conditions were suitable during all surveys, however naturally high levels of water turbidity throughout the monitoring period may have impeded the detectability of dugongs and turtles, reducing the ability to sight these animals from the air. The increased high levels of natural turbidity would have limited sighting any animal once it had dived under water, unless close to the neighbouring islands, where water was considerably less turbid. Results of the surveys indicated the presence of relatively large numbers of turtles and dugongs in and around the Darwin region, implying that the existing methods and aerial survey blocks were suitable to meet the objective of the baseline program by establishing appropriate survey methods. Results for population estimates for all baseline aerial surveys indicated that the individual flight replicates show large variation between regions and between surveys. For all three baseline aerial surveys, sighting sizes were small (some areas <5 dugongs per survey area) with minimal recapture events, which meant that population estimates could not be calculated for some regions. In B3 however, there was more precision in dugong estimates in the second replicate flight for both estimate methods, most likely due to the relatively higher recapture rate (compared with previous surveys and other replicates in B3). Availability correction factors, which corrects for the number of animals not at the surface and hence less likely to be visible to observers, was generally high across the survey areas. These high ACF parameters are likely to be caused indirectly by high turbidity in the region. Whist turbidity is not a factor in the calculation of these parameters; it limits the ability to sight the animals from the aircraft, as it is only possible to see the animals when they are at or breaking the surface of the water. Since the ACF is derived by dividing the proportion of sightings at the surface by the proportion of animals at the surface in relatively clear waters (e.g. Moreton Bay aerial surveys), the higher the proportion of sightings at the surface in these surveys, the greater the survey ACF. There are a number of constraints associated with the current models used to estimate ACF in Darwin Harbour and surrounds, with primary focus falling on the difference between habitats and turbidity in the monitoring area then those in the model validation trials. Marsh and Sinclair (1989) and Pollock et al. (2006) trials were based on habitats in Moreton Bay on the east coast of Australia, with relatively clear water and therefore a higher probability of sighting animals. Although the turbidity category 4 is categorised as variable turbidity where the bottom is not visible, the highly turbid nature of northern Australia harbours and inlet waters may lie outside the modelled parameters in Pollock et al. (2006) experiments. As a result, population estimates obtained in current surveys may underestimate the actual population size present. Dugong population estimates for baseline aerial surveys (B1, B2 and B3) using both methods (Marsh and Sinclair (1989) and Pollock et al. (2006)) showed large variation between repeats. Using the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method, the average population size of dugongs in Bynoe Harbour (C1) ranged from 176 (± 67) in B1, to 287 (± 65) dugongs in B2 survey and 157 (± 118) dugongs in B3 (based on three replicate flights). During B3, there was considerable inter-survey variation; with an estimated population of 81 dugongs sighted in the first replicate and 232 dugongs in the second replicate (no estimate was possible for the third replicate due to insufficient sightings to estimate population size). Results were similar for the C2 block. The IM block had a larger estimated dugong population, ranging from 243 (± 67) dugongs in B1, increasing to 411 (± 139) in B2 and 401 (± 185) dugongs estimated during B3. The inter-survey variation may be a result of movements in and out of areas. Results are comparable to dugong population size studies in both Darwin and surrounds and other areas of Australia (e.g. the southern Great Barrier Reef, Sobtzick et al. 2012). Population estimates and densities based on correction factors for the Darwin Harbour region showed a difference in the estimated population of dugongs from 154 (± 31) in March 2002 and a density of 0.22 dugongs/km 2 to 92 (± 20) dugongs in August 2002 and a density of 0.14 dugongs/km 2 (Whiting 2004). Prepared for INPEX Page 66

77 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Estimates for all three baseline surveys were based on coverage of 17-18% across the survey area. Densities during B1 and B2 were greater than previous research on dugongs around the Darwin Harbour region that found densities ranging from 0.14 to 0.22 dugongs/km 2 in Darwin Harbour and 0.42 to 0.56 dugongs/km 2 around the Vernon Islands (Whiting 2004). The densities in Darwin Harbour in both of these studies were relatively low, however, when compared to studies elsewhere in northern Australia. For example, in the Gulf of Carpentaria, dugong density was 0.6 dugongs/km 2 (Bayliss and Freeland 1989) and in a more recent survey along the Queensland coast, densities were 0.5 dugongs/km 2 (Sobtzick et al. 2012). In all three surveys (B1, B2, B3) regional relative dugong densities were greater in the eastern side of the outer harbour, with greatest densities occurring across areas in Shoal Bay. Notably, in B2 survey, there was a higher dugong density within the inner harbour region, with highest concentrations occurring in the around East Arm, Middle Arm and West Arm. Inner harbour densities were considerably lower in B1 and B3 in comparison, with higher concentrations occurring in the outer harbour in B3. Repetitive short movements have been previously identified in studies of dugong behaviour in Darwin Harbour. Satellite tagging showed that one dugong moved as little as 8 km within the Harbour, with patterns of movement differing between seasons (Whiting 2004). During the B3 aerial survey, there was marked increase in dugong density in the outer harbour and substantially fewer sightings within the inner harbour. As with B1 and B2, sightings within Shoal Bay were recorded across similar areas, perhaps indicative of preferred dugong habitats or foraging hotspots. Outer harbour dugong densities extended from Gunn Point in the east to Cox Peninsula in the west, with highest densities recorded around Lee Point and Gunn Point in the east and Cox Peninsula in the west. Concentrations of dugong sightings overlaid on habitat maps confirm these sightings are consistent with seagrass habitat identified during October 2012 mapping surveys (Cardno 2012b, Geo Oceans 2012). In estimating population size for turtles, it was not possible to correct for availability bias because of the lack of appropriate data to use as a standard. The ACF (set to 1, SE is 0) was therefore conservative as it was dependent on the untested assumption that animal visibility was constant across various factors; such as time, water depth and animal activity. Nevertheless, it provided a mean of standardising data from repeat surveys of the same area (Preen et al. 1997). PCFs for turtle population size estimations indicated a wide range (from 1.4 to 10.0), but were lower in the B3 survey compared to B1 and B2 as a result of an increase in recaptures between observers. Most likely due to the experience of observers. However, factors were generally greater than PCF for another study on turtle population size estimations in Western Australia where values ranged from 1.1 to 1.7 (Preen et al. 1997). Using the Marsh and Sinclair (1989) method, the average population size of the turtle population in C1 ranged from only 335 (± 47) in B1, increasing considerably to 1,333 (± 213) turtles in the B2 survey and down to 778 (± 174) turtles during B3 survey. Results were similar for the C2 block. During B3, turtle population estimates were more consistent between surveys in the C1 and C2 blocks. Larger sample sizes and more spatial dispersion also led to more precise estimates of turtles for both methods (Marsh and Sinclair (1989) and Pollock et al. (1996)), compared with dugongs. However, in the IM block there was an increase in the turtle population between B1 and B2 surveys, with 739 (± 188) turtles in B1, increasing to 1,469 (± 369) turtles estimated during B2. This number decreased, however, in B3 surveys to 868 (± 124) turtles. The high estimated turtle population size for both methods in the B2 survey was largely influenced by a low detection probability for turtles on the starboard side, which was a direct result of the low recapture rate. An increase in recapture rates in B3 would account for the lowered population estimate despite increased raw sightings during this survey. Based on the raw sightings, the number of turtles sighted during B3 (n = 984) was considerably higher than B1 (n = 334) and B2 (n = 585). Darwin Harbour had the highest concentration of turtles during B2 (n = 206) and the lowest number of turtles was sighted in Bynoe Harbour (n = 181). Differences in number of turtles between replicates was also evident during the B3 survey, particularly around the C2 block, where sightings ranged from 119 turtles sighted in the first replicate, 167 in the second replicate and 67 during the third replicate. Inter-survey variation may be a result of short-term movement of turtles in and out of the area, in pursuit of optimal foraging areas or an influx due to nesting turtles. Corrected densities across all three aerial blocks ranged from 0.4 to 1.6 turtles/km 2. These values were comparable to densities for turtles in Western Australia (Shark Bay 0.43 turtles per km 2, Preen et al. 1997) and the Torres Strait (2.1 turtles/km 2, Marsh and Lawler 1992), but considerably less than the results from Ningaloo, where there were 4.9 turtles/km 2. However, density values in the current monitoring program have larger confidence limits as a result of much greater variation. Prepared for INPEX Page 67

78 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 While calculating the correction factor for availability bias enabled high levels of turbidity to be accounted for in population estimates, turbidity was not taken into account when producing distribution maps. As such, the maps underestimate overall sightings, as they were based only on individual animals observed on the surface. The maps do, however, provide important information on the distribution of turtles and dugongs with respect to habitats. When raw data are overlaid on habitat maps the distribution and density maps provided information on preferred habitats and potential hotspots of turtles and dugongs in these regions. To account for variability in depths and bottom type (e.g. intertidal mangroves to waters exceeding 30 m), the Darwin Harbour block was further divided in the B3 analysis to assist with defining these preferred habitats or potential hotspots. Over time, this will enable the assessment of habitat use on a finer scale and assist with identifying frequently used areas by turtles and dugongs throughout the monitoring area. The distribution of dugongs and turtles indicated high variability between all three baseline aerial surveys; nonetheless, there were no statistically significant difference between surveyed areas, both spatially or temporally. This patchiness is likely due to natural variation and individual movement patterns influenced by tidal flux or changes to seagrass meadows. Dugongs are highly migratory and are capable of moving several hundreds of kilometres, assumed to be largely due to their search for suitable seagrass beds or warmer waters (Marsh et al. 2002) In Darwin, two dugongs were tracked using satellite transmitters in a study in the early 2000s (Whiting 2004). Tracks indicated different foraging behaviours. One dugong travelled over 250 km to the southwest of the capture site, including movements past Gunn Point, Lee Point, Darwin Harbour and Middle Reef in Bynoe Harbour; while the other tagged dugong made repetitive short movements between two main areas separated by about 8 km (Whiting 2004). Daily movements of dugongs also depend greatly on tidal amplitude. Where the tidal range is large (e.g. up to 8 m around Darwin), dugongs gain access to their inshore feeding areas only when water depth is 1 m or more. Differences in dugong and turtle distribution during the baseline aerial surveys suggest that movement patterns may be dictated by local tidal influences. It is possible that dugongs, and possibly turtles, move in and out of the region in search of warmer water and foraging areas. Within the Darwin region, water temperatures varied approximately 5º C between B2 and B3 surveys. Recent results from the Seagrass Monitoring Program, indicated significant changes in seagrass distribution from June to October 2012 (Cardno 2012b). There was a large increase in seagrass distribution between June and October in all areas surveyed. The total area of seagrass increased 250% across all survey sites (3798 ± 586 ha), and as much as 1000% in the East Point survey area (south of Lee Point). Areas indicating a considerable change included East Point, where seagrass area increased from 54 to 575 ha (±61) between June and October, and around Lee Point (from 602 to 2719 ± 131 ha). The majority of seagrass habitats consisted of greater than 10% seagrass cover. This increase in seagrass around Lee Point may have resulted in a movement of dugongs in search of optimal foraging areas. Seagrass communities in this area were dominated by either Halophila or Halodule, both are the preferred diet of dugongs. These seagrass changes are difficult to monitor, primarily due to natural variability and ephemeral lifecycle and therefore it may be difficult to draw inferences in relation to dugong movements and foraging grounds. It is possible that temporal differences in distribution around Darwin Harbour (e.g. B2 distribution inside Darwin Harbour to no sightings in B3, and an increase in sightings around Lee Point in B3), may be a result of changes in seagrass distribution. In a study of dugongs in Northern Territory, tracked dugongs were relatively sedentary, moving <15 km and rarely travelled far from the coast, primarily in search of foraging areas (Sheppard et al. 2006). Similarly, turtle distribution may be influenced by sea surface temperature. In a study of megafauna in coastal waters off Western Australia, turtle distribution tended to match the pattern of surface water temperature (Preen et al. 1997). Movements of dugongs and turtles at any one time may have implications for the timing of aerial surveys, which may in term, affect management at a local scale. Although dugongs were sighted in depths greater than 30 m during the baseline aerial surveys, they were most commonly sighted in waters less than 5 m in depth. Likewise, over 35% of turtles were sighted in these shallow waters. Previous studies have shown that the depth range over which turtles can be sighted can extend from the surface to depths greater than 30 m (Limpus 2008, Whiting 2000), which is consistent with the data recorded during the three baseline surveys. The presence of seagrass, a major food source for dugongs and turtles, correlates with water depth. Habitat mapping undertaken in 2011 indicated that seagrasses cover approximately 3% of the total benthic habitat of the harbour (and with an average percent cover of seagrass of ~ 20%), with the majority of these beds located in the seaward parts of the estuary (Geo Oceans 2011). Within the shallow waters where turtles and dugongs have been sighted, seagrass Prepared for INPEX Page 68

79 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 accounted for between 6 and 14% of the biological communities at these depths. Towed video-mapping surveys undertaken between May and July (2012) established an overall very low abundance of seagrass, where it was identified between +2.2 m and 0.5 m LAT on the Cox Peninsula and from approximately 2 m to 5 m LAT in the Darwin Harbour area (Geo Oceans 2011). Although there will be no direct removal of seagrass from dredging in this Project, dredging and spoil disposal may indirectly impact seagrasses through smothering (sedimentation) or the reduction of light available for photosynthesis as a result of the creation of turbid plumes. However, the amount of inferred seagrass habitat predicted to be impacted by the Project is less than 3% of the total inferred habitat. The increased occurrence of turtles during B3 compared with B1 and B2 may be attributed to number of factors. With varying seagrass habitat, there may be increased foraging opportunities or an influx of nesting turtles, for example, the high occurrence of turtles sighted near Bare Sand Island, a recognised turtle nesting area (Chatto and Baker 2008). Alternatively, it may be due to natural variation or influenced by changes in water temperature. Within the Darwin region, water temperatures varied by approximately 5º C between August and October It is possible that turtles are moving in and out of the region in search of warmer water and foraging areas. The distribution of turtles in Shark Bay corresponds with the patterns of surface water temperatures, with most turtles avoiding cooler water (Preen et al. 1997). The results presented in this report illustrated the difficulties of estimating population sizes from small sample sizes, with low recapture rates of individual animals using the methodologies of Marsh and Sinclair (1989) and Pollock et al. (2006). However, aerial surveys provide a broad-scale method of collecting data on relative abundance and distribution and collect information on preferred habitats. While these analyses suggest that there were no major differences in relative abundance among the survey areas or between surveys, the distribution within areas does illustrate small scale differences through time. 4.2 Boat Surveys The survey design and analytical techniques utilised for the B1 and B2 boat surveys (including both transects and point sampling methods) was reviewed in consultation with a statistician and the subsequent level of power was analysed with the potential for survey design to be revised. Following consultation with INPEX, the most recent boat survey (October 2012) was classified as Baseline (B3) and the revised method was adopted and implemented prior to the commencement of the CSD on 4 November 2012, which included boat-base point-sampling only. This survey was undertaken over a 10-day period and consisted of two replicates of 20 point-sampling sites from Charles Point, at the western edge of Darwin Harbour to the Vernon Islands in the east. Considerably fewer dugongs and turtles (n = 7 and 170, respectively) were observed during point sampling in the B1, B2 and B3 boat-based surveys. Turtles were the prevalent animals sighted during boat surveys in all three baseline surveys. There were eight dugongs sighted (including four off- effort sightings) during the B3 boat survey. These animals were sighted close to high-confidence seagrass habitats or in proximity to reef areas. The occurrence of dugongs near seagrass and reef habitats suggest that these habitats are potentially important areas for this species. Dugongs (two adults and a juvenile) sighted during B3 near seagrass meadows in Fannie Bay displayed behaviour consistent with foraging, based on identifiable surface behaviour such as erratic surfacing s on the water surface. Foraging studies indicate that dugong diet is dominated by seagrass (e.g. Marsh et al. 1982); however, algae may also be an incidental food source utilised when seagrasses are scarce (e.g. Marsh et al. 1982). In Darwin Harbour, dugongs have been previously observed foraging on algal covered rocky reefs (Whiting 2002), indicating that both (seagrass and algae) food sources may be regionally important. Similarly with aerial surveys, both dugongs and turtles were observed more frequently and in greater numbers during the B3 survey, than either B1 or B2. As previously discussed, differences in dugong and turtle distribution during the baseline boat surveys suggest that movement patterns may be dictated by local tidal influences. It is possible that dugongs and turtles change their patterns of movement in search of foraging areas. Movements may also be influenced by seasonal movements relating to water temperature, which have been identified in other high latitude regions. Overall, there was considerable variation in the number of turtle sightings across boat surveys. During the B3 boat survey, sightings were greatest from Lee Point to the Vernon Islands (Area 4). This was represented by a large number of sightings near the reef at Gunn Point (SP17, n = 45) and a further 22 turtle Prepared for INPEX Page 69

80 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 sightings on the north side of Lee Point (SP14). There was also a high occurrence of turtles at Weed Reef (SP3), in Area 2 with 22 sightings at SP3 during the B3 boat survey. It is probable that these turtles are resident in the area, foraging on algal reefs or seagrass. While seagrasses and reef habitat are limited in Darwin Harbour, accounting for less than 10% of the total benthic habitat (Geo Oceans 2011), such habitats may be important by providing foraging sites within relatively protected inshore waters. Statistical comparison of counts of turtles in baseline surveys B1 and B2 (Phase 1), with data collected during B3 (Phase 2), revealed a significant interaction between Phase and Area. This indicated that the difference between Phases varied depending on the Area in which turtles occurred. Differences between Phases in counts of turtles were evident only in Area 2, which is the western harbour towards Charles Point. A weakly significant difference between Areas 1 and 3 was also evident in Phase 2. As in previous boat surveys (B1 and B2) however, B3 was also characterised by considerable variability in counts, as reflected in the large confidence limits. This variability in counts of turtles may be natural variation and differences in observing conditions. No analyses were done for dugongs due to insufficient data. Identification of turtle species was not always possible during the boat surveys due to the distance of the animal from the vessel and/or the duration of the turtle at the surface. Turtles identified during all baseline boat surveys were predominantly green turtles, with opportunistic sightings of hawksbill, flatback and olive ridley turtles. This was consistent with a previous study of turtle observation in Darwin Harbour in the early 2000s. Large numbers of green and hawksbill turtles forage on the intertidal reef, particularly around Channel Island, which may indicate an important feeding habitat (Whiting 2001). In Northern Territory, green turtles have been recorded nesting in bioregions across the north and the east of the Top End, on islands and mainland beaches (Chatto and Baker 2008). Immature green turtles are yearround foraging residents to specific regions, where they feed in coastal waters and are almost totally herbivorous, feeding principally on seagrass, algae and mangrove fruits (Limpus 2008). Young turtles (between 40 and 50 cm carapace) recruit to coastal areas where they remain associated with that area for extended periods of time, possibly decades (Limpus and Chaloupka 1997). For example, the foraging range of juvenile green turtles varies by only 25 km, with individual turtles having overlapping home ranges (Limpus 2008). Therefore, green turtles sighted during boat based surveys are most probably resident animals, and may remain in the area for many years. The increase of turtle sightings during the B3 boat survey may be an influx of young turtles that have recruited to these foraging grounds or an increase in nesting animals, however, movement patterns are not possible to ascertain from boat-based surveys alone. 4.3 Turtle Tagging Tagging and tracking of turtles was attempted to define preferred habitats and provide behavioural data on individual turtles around Darwin Harbour. Inferred foraging areas, home range, dive profiles and other behavioural data can be collected to develop profiles of turtle behaviour within the context of a specific area. With the purpose of collecting longer-term data on patterns of movement of resident turtles, capture (using nets deployed from a boat) was attempted in the shallow waters to the north and south of the Channel Island Bridge. Previous research has indicated the value of nets in the capture of juvenile turtles; particularly in areas where animals cannot be caught using standard dive or other opportunistic capture techniques. Netting methods are necessarily different depending on number of factors, such as local conditions, water depth and visibility, tides and currents and potential hazards. The netting type and methodology used in the monitoring program at Channel Island proved to be successful in the capture of one turtle, and the temporary entanglement of two other turtles that escaped prior to retrieval. Despite the poor capture rate over the tagging period, this program provided an opportunity to identify issues involved and determine necessary modifications required to successfully entrap turtles in set nets for future tagging events. Nonetheless, a juvenile green turtle was successfully caught and tagged on 15 November 2012 at Channel Island. Until 11 December 2012, Fastloc GPS positions, which infer high precision with an accuracy of between approximately 10 and 30 m radius of the given location, have been obtained. A further 72 Argos satellite points have been transmitted. Despite the high error radius of Argos positions (~ 1500 m), it is likely that the depicted geo-locations are a good indication of the habitat utilised by this turtle and may suggest a home range and preferred area around Channel Island. Prepared for INPEX Page 70

81 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 There have been relatively few studies on the behaviour and movement patterns of juvenile turtles using satellite tags (e.g. Van Dam and Diez 1996, Makowski et al. 2006). Therefore, it is probable that the lack of precise geo-locations may be a result of juvenile turtle behaviour. In Darwin Harbour, turtles only surface for relatively short periods, inhibiting transmission of more than one or two position messages at a time. Given the small sample size of the current program (n = 1) and a general lack of understanding in juvenile turtle behaviour, it is unclear if this behaviour may be attributed to the life stage of the animal (juvenile), general behaviour of turtles within the area or an individualistic behaviour associated with the current tagged turtle. Prepared for INPEX Page 71

82 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 5 Conclusions It is important to gain a comprehensive understanding of abundance and distribution of turtles and dugongs in Darwin Harbour and surrounding nearshore waters in order to monitor these species adequately temporally and spatially and during potential disturbance. Aerial surveys were appropriate for the collection of data on a broader spatial scale to meet the objectives of the program. While analyses for the baseline aerial surveys suggested no major statistical differences in abundance among the survey areas or between surveys, the distribution of dugongs and turtles appeared to vary within surveyed areas. The calculations of regional relative densities for both turtles and dugongs was very useful in identifying potential hotspots around the Darwin Harbour and surrounding waters. Correlation of results from the Seagrass Monitoring Programs with megafauna distribution and densities over time assists identification of these potential sites outside Darwin Harbour. The outcomes from the aerial surveys confirm that this method is adequate in providing population information on turtles and dugongs; however, it was not possible to distinguish turtle species. Boat-based observations were also unable to distinguish species with 61% of turtles unidentified across the baseline period. There was also significant differences in boat-based turtle counts between Phases (B1 and B2 v B3) among Areas, evident in Area 2 (western harbour towards Charles Point). Turtle tagging proved successful with the capture and subsequent attachment of a satellite transmitter using a modified netting technique. Preliminary location data indicated that this turtle has remained close to the capture site. The protocols for the deployment, monitoring and retrieval of the net were successful and the site selected was appropriate with high densities of juvenile turtles sighted. Prepared for INPEX Page 72

83 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 6 Acknowledgements This report was written by Dr Michelle Blewitt and Megan Rice, and reviewed by Dr Peggy O Donnell and Dr Craig Blount. Fieldwork was undertaken by Dr Michelle Blewitt, Megan Rice, Dr Susan Gibbs, Dr Janice Warren, Barry Krueger, Paul Tod, Dr Glenn Dunshea, Dr Richard Campbell and Dr David Waayers. Fieldwork was also assisted by Sea Rangers from the Larrakia Nation Aboriginal Corporation, in particular, John Williams, Greg Dixon and James QueNoy. GIS support provided by Liz Fulton and the Wollongong Cardno office. Data analysis was done by Dr Michelle Blewitt, Dr Glenn Dunshea and Dr Arthur Dye. The figures, tables and appendices were prepared by Dr Michelle Blewitt, Megan Rice, Dr Glenn Dunshea and Dr Arthur Dye. The monitoring plan proposal was reviewed by Professor Helene Marsh from James Cook University. The authors would like to thank the Ichthys Project Dredging Expert Panel (IPDEP) members for constructive criticism throughout the development of the monitoring program. Prepared for INPEX Page 73

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85 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 Hodgson, A.J. and Marsh, H. (2007). Response of dugongs to boat traffic: The risk of disturbance and displacement. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 340(1), pp INPEX (2011). Ichthys Gas Field Development Project, Supplement to the Draft Environmental Impact Statement INPEX (2012). Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management Plan. pp International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) (2010). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Gland, Switzerland. LaCommare, K.S., Brault, S., Self-Sullivan, C. and Hines, E.M. (2012). Trend detection in a boat-based method for monitoring sirenians: Antillean manatee case study. Biological Conservation 152, pp LaCommare, K.S., Self-Sullivan, C. and Brault, S. (2008). Distribution and habitat use of Antillean manatees (Trichechus manatus manatus) in the Drowned Cayes area of Belize, Central America. Aquatic Mammals 34(1), pp Lanyon, J. (2007). Determining critical reproductive parameters for subtropical dugong populations. Australian Marine Mammal Centre. Lee Long, W. J. and Coles, R. G. (1997).Status of seagrasses in the Great Barrier Reef region. In: Wachenfeld, D., Oliver, J. and Davis, K. (eds). State of the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area Workshop: Proceedings of a Technical Workshop held in Townsville, Queensland, Australia, November Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Townsville, Australia. pp Limpus, C.J (2008). Green turtle, Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus). In: A Biological Review of Australian Marine Turtles. Queensland Government Environmental Protection Agency. Limpus, C.J. and Chaloupka, M. (1997). Nonparametric regression modelling of green sea turtle growth rates (southern Great Barrier Reef). Marine Ecology Progress Series 149, pp Limpus, C.J. and Chatto, R. (2004). Marine Turtles. In: Description of Key Species Groups in the Northern Planning Area. National Oceans Office. Hobart, Australia. Makowski, C., Seminoff, J.A. and Salmon, M. (2006). Home range and habitat use of juvenile Atlantic green turtles (Chelonia mydas L.) on shallow reef habitats in Palm Beach, Florida, USA. Marine Biology. 148, pp Marsh, H. (1995). The Life History, Pattern of Breeding and Population Dynamics of the Dugong. Information and Technology Report 1. James Cook University, Townsville. Marsh, H., Eros, C., Corkeron, P. and Breen, B. (1999). A conservation strategy for dugongs: implications of Australian research. Marine and Freshwater Research 50, pp Marsh, H. and Lawler, I. (1992). The Status of Dugongs, Sea Turtles and Dolphins in the Torres Strait Region. Report to The Australian Fish Management Authority. June Marsh, H., Lawler, I., Kwan, D., Delean, S., Pollock, K. and Alldregde, M. (2004). Aerial surveys and the potential biological removal technique indicate that the Torres Strait dugong fishery is unsustainable. Animal Conservation 7, pp Marsh, H. and Lefebvre, L. W. (1994). Sirenian status and conservation efforts. Aquatic Mammals 20, pp Marsh, H., Penrose, H., Eros, C. and Hugues, J. (2002). Dugong Status Report and Action Plans for Countries and Territories. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi. Marsh, H., Prince, R.I.T., Saalfeld, W.K. and Shepherd, R. (1994). The distribution and abundance of dugongs in Shark Bay. Wildlife Research. 21 pp Marsh, H. and Rathbun, G.B. (1990). Development and application of conventional and satellite radio tracking techniques for studying dugong movements and habitat use. Australian Wildlife Research 17(1), pp Marsh, H. and Saalfeld, W.K. (1989). The distribution and abundance of dugongs in the northern Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Australian Wildlife Research 16, pp Marsh, H. and Saalfeld, W.K. (2004). Description of key species groups in the northern planning area (Chapter 10 Dugong). National Oceans Office, Canberra. Marsh, H. and Sinclair, D.F. (1989). Correcting for visibility bias in strip transect aerial surveys of aquatic fauna. Journal of Wildlife Management 53, pp Marsh, H., Penrose, H., Eros, C. and Hughes, J. (2002). Dugong: status reports and action plans for countries and territories in its range. Cambridge, UK: IUCN. Marsh, H., Saalfeld, W. K. and Preen, A. R. (1990). The distribution and abundance of dugongs in southern Queensland. Final report to the Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Fisheries Management Branch. pp 14. Nishiwaki, M. and Marsh, H. (1985). The Dugong. In: Handbook of Marine Mammals. S.H. Ridgway and R.J. Harrison, editors. Academic Press, London. 3: Prepared for INPEX Page 75

86 Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report Dredging Report 1 North Australian Indigenous Land and Sea Management Alliance (NAILSMA) (2006). Dugong and Marine Turtle Handbook: Indigenous and scientific knowledge of dugong and marine turtles in northern Australia. February Pendoley Environmental (2009). Satellite Transmitter Attachment Standard Operating Procedure. PENV-SOP07. Pollock, K., Marsh, H., Lawler, I. R. and Alldredge, M.W. (2006). Estimating animal abundance in heterogeneous environments: an application to aerial surveys for dugongs. Journal of Wildlife Management 70: Preen A.R., Marsh, H., Lawler, I.R., Prince, R.I.T. and Shepherd, R. (1997). Distribution and abundance of dugongs, turtles, dolphins and other megafauna in Shark Bay, Ningaloo Reef and Exmouth Gulf, Western Australia. Wildlife Research 24, pp Preen, A.R. and Marsh, H. (1995). Response of dugongs to large scale loss of seagrass from Hervey Bay, Queensland. Wildlife Research 22, pp Preen, A.R. (1992). Interactions between dugongs and seagrasses in a sub-tropical environment. Page(s) 392. Ph.D. Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville. Preen, A.R., Lee Long, W.J. and Coles, R G. (1993). Widespread loss of seagrass in Hervey Bay, Queensland. Unpublished report to the Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage. PWS (Northern Territory Government Parks and Wildlife Service) (2003). Draft management program for the dugong (Dugong dugon) in the Northern Territory of Australia Northern Territory Department of Infrastructure, Planning and Environment, Darwin. Saalfeld, K. (2000). Distribution and abundance of dugong in the coastal waters of the Northern Territory. Technical Report, Parks and Wildlife Commission of the Northern Territory, Darwin. Seney, E.E., Higgins, B.M., and Landry, Jr A,M. (2010). Satellite transmitter attachment techniques for small juvenile sea turtles. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 384, Sheppard, J.K., Marsh, H., Jones, R.E. and Lawler, I R. (2010). Dugong habitat use in relation to seagrass nutrients, tides and diel cycles. Marine Mammal Science 26(4), pp Sheppard, J.K., Preen, A.R., Marsh, H., Lawler, I.R., Whiting, S.D. and Jones, R.E. (2006). Movement heterogeneity of dugongs, Dugong dugon (Müller) over large spatial scales. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 334, pp Sobtzick, S., Hagihara, R., Grech, A. and Marsh, H. ( 2012). Aerial survey of the urban coast of Queensland to evaluate the response of the dugong population to the widespread effects of the extreme weather events of the summer of Final report to the Australian Marine Mammal Centre and the National Environmental Research Program. Thorogood, C.A., Poiner, I.R., Somers, I.F. and Staples, D.J. (1990). Seagrass and cyclones in the western Gulf of Carpentaria. CSIRO Marine Laboratories Information Sheet 7, January CSIRO Publishing. Melbourne, Australia. Van Dam, R.P and Diez, C.E. (1996). Diving behaviour of immature hawksbills (Eretmochelys imbricata) in a Caribbean cliff-wall habitat. Marine Biology 127, pp Whiting, S.D. (1997). Observations of a nesting olive ridley turtle. Herpetofauna 27, pp Whiting, S.D. (2000). The ecology of immature green and hawksbill turtles foraging on two reef systems in northern Australia. Ph.D. Thesis. Northern Territory University, Darwin. Whiting, S.D. (2002). Dive times for foraging dugongs in the Northern Territory. Australian Mammalogy 23, pp Whiting, S.D. (2002). Rocky reefs provide foraging habitat for dugongs in the Darwin region of northern Australia. Australian Mammalogy 24, pp Whiting, S.D. and Guinea, M.L. (2003). Marine Reptiles and Mammals of Darwin Harbour. Darwin Harbour Workshop, February Wildlife Computers (2012). The Argos System. Version 1.2b. Wildlife Computers, pp Yoccoz, N.G., Nichols, J.D. and Boulinier, T. (2001). Monitoring of biological diversity in space and time. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 16, pp Prepared for INPEX Page 76

87 Ichthys Nearshore Environmental Monitoring Program Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 APPENDIX A QUALITY CONTROL DATA LOG APPENDIX B Prepared for INPEX

88 Appendix A - Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (A) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- Observer log Date Transcribers No. of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None Clarification subsequently added regarding transect position 29/9/2012 BK_PT 84 8 Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR N Time change Time need changing from 0:45:22 to 0:45:21 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None Checked another 11 records as failed 10% check 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-1

89 Appendix A - Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (A) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- Observer log Date Transcribers No. of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 29/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 30/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 30/9/2012 BK_PT 31 6 Y None 30/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 30/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 30/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 30/9/2012 GD_MR 31 9 Y None 30/9/2012 GD_MR Y None 1/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 1/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 1/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 1/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 1/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 1/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 1/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None Two turtles placed in the same record-observed at the same time 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-2

90 Appendix A - Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (A) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- Observer log Date Transcribers No. of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 2/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT 83 9 Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR 81 6 Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR N Zone changed Changed zone from incorrect "low" to correct "medium" 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None Another 9 records checked as failed first 10% QAQC 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-3

91 Appendix A - Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (A) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- Observer log Date Transcribers No. of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 3/10/2012 GD_MR 81 4 Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR N Zone changed Zone changed from "low" to "medium" 4/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR Y None Another 6 checked as failed first 10% QAQC 4/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT 60 4 Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-4

92 Appendix A - Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (A) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- Observer log Date Transcribers No. of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR 45 7 Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 7/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 7/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 7/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 7/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 7/10/2012 BK_PT 45 8 Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR 30 3 Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR 30 5 Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR 30 2 Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR 30 9 N Vessel size Changed size from "large" to medium 7/10/2012 GD_MR 30 6 Y None Failed QAQC from first 5 records therefore did another 5 7/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 8/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 8/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 8/10/2012 BK_PT 68 8 Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-5

93 Appendix A - Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (A) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- Observer log Date Transcribers No. of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 8/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 8/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 8/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 8/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR 59 8 Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT 78 2 Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT N Changed entry type Dolphin replaced with turtle 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR 66 3 Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-6

94 Appendix A - Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (A) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- Observer log Date Transcribers No. of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW 61 4 Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW 61 3 Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-7

95 Appendix A - Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (A) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- Observer log Date Transcribers No. of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-8

96 Appendix A - Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (A) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- Observer log Date Transcribers No. of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 20/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 20/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 20/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 20/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 20/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 20/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 20/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 21/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 21/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 21/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 21/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 21/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 21/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 21/10/2012 GD_Jwa 37 9 Y None 21/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 21/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 21/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-9

97 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 29/9/2012 MR_GD_BK_PT 13 transects transect 24 Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD_BK_PT 13 transects Transect 29b Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD 5 1 Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD 5 2 Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD 5 3 Y None 29/9/2012 MR_GD 5 4 Y None Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Prepared for INPEX Page A-10

98 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 29/9/2012 MR_GD 5 5 Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT 13 transects transect 32 Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT 13 transects transect 26 Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 29/9/2012 BK_PT Y None 30/9/2012 MR_GD_PT_BK 14 transects transect 36 Y None 30/9/2012 MR_GD 7 8 Y None 30/9/2012 BK_PT 7 11 Y None 30/9/2012 MR_GD 7 9 Y None 30/9/2012 MR_GD 7 10 Y None 30/9/2012 MR_GD 7 11 Y None 30/9/2012 MR_GD 7 12 Y None 30/9/2012 BK_PT 7 12 Y None 30/9/2012 BK_PT 7 13 Y None 30/9/2012 MR_GD_PT_BK 14 transects transect 33 Y None 30/9/2012 BK_PT 6 23 Y None 30/9/2012 BK_PT 6 24 Y None 30/9/2012 BK_PT 6 25 Y None 30/9/2012 BK_PT 6 26 Y None 30/9/2012 BK_PT 6 27 Y None 30/9/2012 MR_GD 6 23 Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG 14 transects transect 33 Y None Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Prepared for INPEX Page A-11

99 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG 14 transects transect 36 Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 MR_SG Y None 30/9/2012 SG 14 transects transect 32 Y None 30/9/2012 SG Y None 30/9/2012 SG Y None 30/9/2012 SG Y None 30/9/2012 SG 14 transects transect 33 Y None 30/9/2012 SG Y None 30/9/2012 SG Y None 30/9/2012 SG Y None 30/9/2012 SG Y None 30/9/2012 SG Y None 1/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 13 transects transect 55 Y None 1/10/2012 GD_MR 6 41 Y None 1/10/2012 GD_MR 6 42 Y None 1/10/2012 BK_PT 6 44 Y None Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Prepared for INPEX Page A-12

100 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 1/10/2012 GD_MR 6 43 Y None 1/10/2012 GD_MR 6 44 Y None 1/10/2012 BK_PT 6 45 Y None 1/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 13 transects transect 51 Y None 1/10/2012 GD_MR 6 56 Y None 1/10/2012 GD_MR 6 57 Y None 1/10/2012 GD_MR 6 58 Y None 1/10/2012 BK_PT 6 55 Y None 1/10/2012 BK_PT 6 56 Y None 1/10/2012 BK_PT 6 57 Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 9 transects transect 55 Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT 21 4 Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT 21 5 Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT 21 6 Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR 21 4 Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR 21 5 Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT 21 7 Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT 21 8 Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT 21 9 No Changed Animal Record changed from Dugong to Turtle 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR 21 6 Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR 21 7 Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR 21 8 Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR 21 9 Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-13

101 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 2/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR 9 transects transect 59 Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 2/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 20 transects transect 20 Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Prepared for INPEX Page A-14

102 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 20 transects transect 17 Y 1 correction 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT No Changed Time Time changed 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Prepared for INPEX Page A-15

103 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 3/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 20 transects transect 9 Y None 3/10/2012 MR_GD 2 4 Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT 2 5 Y None 3/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 20 transects transect 10 Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT 2 6 Y None 3/10/2012 BK_PT 2 7 Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 20 transects transect 20 Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR 5 56 Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR 5 57 Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT 5 78 Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT 5 79 Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT 5 80 Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 20 transects transect 14 Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR 11 5 Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR 11 6 Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR 11 7 Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR 11 8 Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT 11 6 Y None 4/10/2012 GD_MR 11 9 Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT 11 7 Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT 11 8 Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT 11 9 Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 4/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 13 transects transect 26 Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR 6 29 Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR 6 30 Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT 6 40 Y None Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Prepared for INPEX Page A-16

104 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 6/10/2012 BK_PT 6 41 Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR 6 31 Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR 6 32 Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 13 transects transect 28 N 2 corrections 6/10/2012 BK_PT 30 7 Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT 30 8 Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR 30 4 N Position changed Changed from below surface to breaking surface 6/10/2012 GD_MR 30 5 Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR 30 6 Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR 30 7 Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT 30 9 Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR 30 8 Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT N Changed Time Time changed from 00:42:29 to 00:42:18 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR 30 9 Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-17

105 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 13 transects transect 27 N 3 corrections 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT N Changed observer Observer changed to PR only 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-18

106 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 6/10/2012 BK_PT 28 N Insert turtle obs Observation missed. Inserted Turtle sighting 6/10/2012 BK_PT N Changed time Time changed from 00:55:39 to 00:55:52 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 13 transects transect 25 Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 13 transects transect 22 N 1 correction 6/10/2012 BK/PT 3 62 N Inserted entry Turtle call missed. Sighting inserted 6/10/2012 BK_PT 3 54 Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT 3 55 Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT 3 56 Y None 6/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 13 transects transect 31 Y None 6/10/2012 BK_PT 1 3 Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 14 transects transect 30 Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-19

107 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 7/10/2012 GD_MR 9 27 Y None 7/10/2012 BK_PT 9 39 Y None 7/10/2012 BK_PT 9 40 Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR 9 28 Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR 9 29 Y None 7/10/2012 BK_PT 9 41 Y None 7/10/2012 BK_PT 9 42 Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR 9 30 Y None 7/10/2012 BK_PT 9 43 Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 14 transects transect 40 Y None 7/10/2012 GD_MR 2 1 Y None 7/10/2012 PT_BK 2 2 Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 13 transects transect 51 Y None 8/10/2012 BK_PT 6 31 Y None 8/10/2012 BK_PT 6 32 Y None 8/10/2012 BK_PT 6 33 Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR 6 17 Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR 6 16 Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR 6 18 Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 13 transects transect 46 Y None 8/10/2012 BK_PT 4 3 Y None 8/10/2012 BK_PT 4 4 Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR 4 4 Y None 8/10/2012 GD_MR 4 5 Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR_BK_PT 9 transects transect 59 Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Prepared for INPEX Page A-20

108 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 BK_PT Y None 9/10/2012 GD_MR Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa_BK_DW 15 transects transect 12 Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW 3 6 Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW 3 7 Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW 3 8 Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa_BK_DW 15 transects transect 17 Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW 7 30 Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW 7 31 Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW 7 32 Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW 7 33 Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW 7 34 Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW 7 35 Y None 17/10/2012 BK_DW 7 36 Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa_BK_DW 15 transects Transect 20 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Prepared for INPEX Page A-21

109 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa_BK_DW 15 transects Transect 14 Y None 17/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa_BK_DW 21 transects Transect 55 Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW 214 Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa_BK_DW 21 transects Transect 56 Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 BK_DW Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa_BK_DW 21 transects transect 48 Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa_BK_DW 21 transects transect 46 Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 18/10/2012 GD_Jwa Y None 20-0ct-12 GD_Jwa Transect 27 Y None 20-0ct-12 GD_Jwa_BK_DW Y None 20-0ct-12 GD_Jwa Y None 20-0ct-12 GD_Jwa Y None 20-0ct-12 GD_Jwa Y None 20-0ct-12 GD_Jwa Y None 20-0ct-12 GD_Jwa Y None Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Prepared for INPEX Page A-22

110 Appendix A- Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (B) Data Control - Aerial Survey 3- MASTER log Date Transcribers Number of Entries Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 20-0ct-12 GD_Jwa Y None 20-0ct-12 GD_Jwa Y None 20-0ct-12 GD_Jwa Y None 20-0ct-12 GD_Jwa Y None 20-0ct-12 GD_Jwa Y None 21-Oct-12 GD_Jwa_BK_DW transect 34 Y None 21-Oct-12 GD_Jwa 1 16 Y None Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 Prepared for INPEX Page A-23

111 Appendix A - Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (C) Data Control - Boat Survey 3- Data Entry QAQC Log Date Transcribers No. of Entries No. incorrect Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 1/10/2012 RC_DW 3 0 "off effort" Y None 1/10/2012 RC_DW 4 0 SP 1 Y None 1/10/2012 RC_DW 4 0 SP 2 Y None 2/10/2012 RC_DW 3 0 SP 4 Y None 2/10/2012 RC_DW 8 0 "off effort" Y None 2/10/2012 RC_DW 37 0 SP3 Y None 2/10/2012 RC_DW 4 0 SP 9 Y None 3/10/2012 RC_DW 6 0 SP 18 Y None 3/10/2012 RC_DW 1 0 "off effort" Y None 3/10/2012 RC_DW 41 1 SP 17 No Bearing changed Bearing changed from 160º to 50º 3/10/2012 RC_DW 3 0 SP 16 Y None 3/10/2012 RC_DW 3 1 SP 10 No Entry type changed Record entry changed from "end" to "start" of SP10 3/10/2012 RC_DW 1 SP 10 No Entry type changed Record entry changed from "start" to "end" of SP10 3/10/2012 RC_DW 8 0 SP 11 Y None 4/10/2012 RC_DW 3 0 SP 4A Y None 4/10/2012 RC_DW 4 0 SP 3A Y None 4/10/2012 RC_DW 4 0 SP 5 Y None 4/10/2012 RC_DW 2 0 SP 6 Y None 4/10/2012 RC_DW 3 0 SP 7 Y None 5/10/2012 RC_DW 3 0 SP 8 Y None 5/10/2012 RC_DW 2 0 SP 15 Y None 5/10/2012 RC_DW 1 0 "off effort" Y None 5/10/2012 RC_DW 15 0 SP 14 Y None 5/10/2012 RC_DW 4 4 SP 11 No Latitude changed Latitude changed from 12º 25' 30" to 12º 25' 13" 5/10/2012 RC_DW 10 0 SP 10 Y None 6/10/2012 RC_DW 4 0 SP 13 Y None 6/10/2012 RC_DW 2 0 SP 12 Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-24

112 Appendix A - Quality Control Data Log for Aerial and Boat-Based Survey Data Transcriptions (C) Data Control - Boat Survey 3- Data Entry QAQC Log Date Transcribers No. of Entries No. incorrect Record Checked Correct Changes Made Comment 6/10/2012 RC_DW 7 0 SP 1 Y None 6/10/2012 RC_DW 2 0 SP 2 Y None 7/10/2012 RC_DW 3 0 SP 5 Y None 7/10/2012 RC_DW 2 0 SP 6 Y None 7/10/2012 RC_DW 2 0 SP 7 Y None 7/10/2012 RC_DW 4 0 SP 8 Y None 8/10/2012 RC_DW 4 0 SP 18 Y None 8/10/2012 RC_DW 11 0 SP 17 Y None 8/10/2012 RC_DW 1 0 "off effort" Y None 8/10/2012 RC_DW 3 0 SP 16 Y None 8/10/2012 RC_DW 3 2 SP 12 No Lats and longs changed Lats and Longs changed- a few typos. 9/10/2012 RC_DW 2 0 "off effort" Y None 9/10/2012 RC_DW 4 0 SP 15 Y None 9/10/2012 RC_DW 18 0 SP 14 Y None 9/10/2012 RC_DW 4 0 SP 13 Y None 9/10/2012 RC_DW 3 0 SP 3A Y None 9/10/2012 RC_DW 3 0 SP 4A Y None 10/10/2012 RC_DW 2 0 SP 3 Y None 10/10/2012 RC_DW 2 0 "off effort" Y None 10/10/2012 RC_DW 7 7 SP 4 No latitude changed Latitude changed from 12º 31' 58" to 12º 31' 48" 10/10/2012 RC_DW 2 0 "off effort" Y None 10/10/2012 RC_DW 2 0 SP 9 Y None 10/10/2012 RC_DW 1 0 "off effort" Y None Prepared for INPEX Page A-25

113 Ichthys Nearshore Environmental Monitoring Program Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 APPENDIX B AERIAL SURVEY BASELINE 3 DISTRIBUTION MAPS Prepared for INPEX

114 Figure 1-1 (a) Map showing the transects flown and the distribution of turtles and dugongs for Baseline 3 Replicate 1 Figure 1-2 (b) Map showing the transects flown and the distribution of turtles and dugongs for Baseline 3 Replicate 2 Figure 1-3 (c) Map showing the transects and the distribution of turtles and dugongs for Baseline 3 Replicate 3 Prepared for INPEX Page B-1

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118 Ichthys Nearshore Environmental Monitoring Program Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 APPENDIX C AERIAL SURVEY SIGHTINGS RAW DATA Prepared for INPEX

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155 Ichthys Nearshore Environmental Monitoring Program Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 APPENDIX D RAW DATA FOR CALCULATING DUGONG POPULATION SIZE DURING AERIAL SURVEYS Prepared for INPEX

156 Appendix D Raw Data for Calculating Dugong Population Size During Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (A) Aerial Survey- Dugong Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total No. Surface Breaking Surface No. calves Transect position Flight Date Observer 03-Oct-12 10:45:29 Dugong rep1 14 control1 PF 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 10:45:24 Dugong rep1 14 control1 PB 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 10:45:34 Dugong rep1 14 control1 SR 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 10:45:29 Dugong rep1 14 control1 SB 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 10:45:45 Dugong rep1 14 control1 SR 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 13:34:32 Dugong rep1 21 impact PF 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 13:07:21 Dugong rep1 22 impact SB 6 3 high 4 29-Sep-12 13:06:47 Dugong rep1 22 impact SR 2 outside 4 29-Sep-12 12:51:07 Dugong rep1 23 impact PR 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 13:02:54 Dugong rep1 23 impact PR 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 12:38:29 Dugong rep1 24 impact PF 4 low 4 29-Sep-12 12:08:33 Dugong rep1 25 impact PF 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:53:39 Dugong rep1 26 impact PR 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:57:48 Dugong rep1 26 impact SR 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 12:03:39 Dugong rep1 26 impact PB 7 5 very high 4 29-Sep-12 11:58:36 Dugong rep1 26 impact SB 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 11:39:17 Dugong rep1 27 impact PB 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 11:46:03 Dugong rep1 27 impact PB 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:23:52 Dugong rep1 28 impact PB 4 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 11:23:46 Dugong rep1 28 impact SR 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 11:23:44 Dugong rep1 28 impact SB 1 1 medium 2 29-Sep-12 11:06:28 Dugong rep1 29a impact PR outside 2 01-Oct-12 9:42:58 Dugong rep1 46 control2 PF 1 very high 4 01-Oct-12 10:15:12 Dugong rep1 51 control2 SB 1 1 very high 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page D-1

157 Appendix D Raw Data for Calculating Dugong Population Size During Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (A) Aerial Survey- Dugong Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total No. Surface Breaking Surface No. calves Transect position Flight Date Observer 01-Oct-12 11:17:19 Dugong rep1 55 control2 PB 1 very high 2 01-Oct-12 11:26:38 Dugong rep1 56 control2 PR 1 1 outside 4 02-Oct-12 9:56:17 Dugong rep1 59 control2 PR 2 2 very high 4 02-Oct-12 10:15:45 Dugong rep1 61 control2 PB 1 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 10:26:46 Dugong rep2 14 control1 PB 1 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 10:26:31 Dugong rep2 14 control1 PR 2 very high 4 04-Oct-12 11:31:01 Dugong rep2 18 control1 PF 1 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:23:17 Dugong rep2 18 control1 PB 3 2 low 4 04-Oct-12 11:23:10 Dugong rep2 18 control1 SR 2 2 very high 4 06-Oct-12 10:35:50 Dugong rep2 24 impact PF low 4 06-Oct-12 9:47:25 Dugong rep2 27 impact PR 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 9:47:34 Dugong rep2 27 impact SB 1 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 9:41:59 Dugong rep2 27 impact SB 1 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:32:23 Dugong rep2 28 impact SF 1 1 high 4 06-Oct-12 9:32:29 Dugong rep2 28 impact SB 1 1 high 4 06-Oct-12 9:31:54 Dugong rep2 28 impact SF medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:32:36 Dugong rep2 28 impact PB 1 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:32:42 Dugong rep2 28 impact PB 1 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:33:44 Dugong rep2 28 impact PB 2 2 outside 4 06-Oct-12 8:56:52 Dugong rep2 32b impact PF 1 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 9:09:06 Dugong rep2 46 control2 PB 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 9:20:09 Dugong rep2 48 control2 PB 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 9:28:34 Dugong rep2 49 control2 PF 1 1 very high 4 08-Oct-12 9:35:34 Dugong rep2 50 control2 PB 2 1 very high 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page D-2

158 Appendix D Raw Data for Calculating Dugong Population Size During Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (A) Aerial Survey- Dugong Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total No. Surface Breaking Surface No. calves Transect position Flight Date Observer 08-Oct-12 10:03:58 Dugong rep2 53 control2 SB 2 2 outside 4 08-Oct-12 10:25:52 Dugong rep2 54 control2 SR 1 high 4 08-Oct-12 10:22:24 Dugong rep2 54 control2 SB 1 medium 2 09-Oct-12 9:09:21 Dugong rep2 57 control2 SB 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:09:21 Dugong rep2 57 control2 SF 1 medium 2 09-Oct-12 9:11:09 Dugong rep2 57 control2 PF 1 1 very high 4 09-Oct-12 9:33:35 Dugong rep2 59 control2 PB 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 10:24:46 Dugong rep2 64 control2 SB 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 10:26:05 Dugong rep2 64 control2 PB 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 10:25:58 Dugong rep2 64 control2 PR 1 1 outside 4 09-Oct-12 10:33:33 Dugong rep2 65 control2 PR 1 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 13:02:49 Dugong rep3 12 control1 PB 1 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 13:10:16 Dugong rep3 13 control1 SF 1 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 14:07:17 Dugong rep3 18 control1 PB 2 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 14:05:47 Dugong rep3 18 control1 SF 1 1 outside 4 17-Oct-12 14:30:03 Dugong rep3 20 control1 SB 2 high 4 20-Oct-12 11:07:35 Dugong rep3 22 impact SF 1 1 very high 4 20-Oct-12 9:58:29 Dugong rep3 27 impact PR 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 9:55:23 Dugong rep3 27 impact SF 1 outside 4 20-Oct-12 9:40:14 Dugong rep3 28 impact SF 1 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 9:40:35 Dugong rep3 28 impact SB 1 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 9:46:37 Dugong rep3 28 impact PF 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 9:40:24 Dugong rep3 28 impact PB 1 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 9:43:45 Dugong rep3 28 impact SR 1 1 medium 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page D-3

159 Appendix D Raw Data for Calculating Dugong Population Size During Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (A) Aerial Survey- Dugong Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total No. Surface Breaking Surface No. calves Transect position Flight Date Observer 20-Oct-12 9:40:30 Dugong rep3 28 impact SR 1 1 outside 4 20-Oct-12 9:41:02 Dugong rep3 28 impact PB 1 very high 4 20-Oct-12 9:40:36 Dugong rep3 28 impact SF 1 very high 4 20-Oct-12 9:30:07 Dugong rep3 29a impact SF 1 1 very high 4 21-Oct-12 9:59:11 Dugong rep3 31a impact PB 1 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 9:50:25 Dugong rep3 33 impact PB 1 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 10:49:31 Dugong rep3 46 control2 PR 1 1 outside 4 18-Oct-12 12:14:43 Dugong rep3 55 control2 PR 1 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 14:20:43 Dugong rep3 65 control2 PR 1 outside 2 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page D-4

160 Appendix D - Raw Data for Calculating Dugong Population Size During Aerial Surveys (B) Aerial Survey- Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control Prepared for INPEX Page D-5

161 Appendix D - Raw Data for Calculating Dugong Population Size During Aerial Surveys (B) Aerial Survey- Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control Prepared for INPEX Page D-6

162 Appendix D - Raw Data for Calculating Dugong Population Size During Aerial Surveys (B) Aerial Survey- Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact Prepared for INPEX Page D-7

163 Appendix D - Raw Data for Calculating Dugong Population Size During Aerial Surveys (B) Aerial Survey- Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact Prepared for INPEX Page D-8

164 Appendix D - Raw Data for Calculating Dugong Population Size During Aerial Surveys (B) Aerial Survey- Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control Prepared for INPEX Page D-9

165 Appendix D - Raw Data for Calculating Dugong Population Size During Aerial Surveys (B) Aerial Survey- Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control Prepared for INPEX Page D-10

166 Appendix D - Raw Data for Calculating Dugong Population Size During Aerial Surveys (B) Aerial Survey- Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Impact 1 29a B3 Impact 2 29a B3 Impact 3 29a B3 Impact 1 29b B3 Impact 2 29b B3 Impact 3 29b Prepared for INPEX Page D-11

167 Appendix D - Raw Data for Calculating Dugong Population Size During Aerial Surveys (B) Aerial Survey- Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Impact 1 30a B3 Impact 2 30a B3 Impact 3 30a B3 Impact 1 30b B3 Impact 2 30b B3 Impact 3 30b B3 Impact 1 31a B3 Impact 2 31a B3 Impact 3 31a B3 Impact 1 31b B3 Impact 2 31b B3 Impact 3 31b B3 Impact 1 32a B3 Impact 2 32a B3 Impact 3 32a B3 Impact 1 32b B3 Impact 2 32b B3 Impact 3 32b Prepared for INPEX Page D-12

168 Ichthys Nearshore Environmental Monitoring Program Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 APPENDIX E RAW DATA FOR CALCULATING TURTLE POPULATION SIZE DURING AERIAL SURVEYS Prepared for INPEX

169 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 03-Oct-12 9:14:51 Turtle rep1 1 control1 SF 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 9:14:57 Turtle rep1 1 control1 SF 1 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 9:20:03 Turtle rep1 2 control1 SR 1 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 9:20:04 Turtle rep1 2 control1 PB 1 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 9:39:46 Turtle rep1 6 control1 PB 1 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 9:53:34 Turtle rep1 9 control1 PR 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 9:53:39 Turtle rep1 9 control1 SR 1 1 very high 4 03-Oct-12 10:04:04 Turtle rep1 10 control1 PF 1 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 10:05:37 Turtle rep1 10 control1 PR 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 10:21:33 Turtle rep1 12 control1 PR 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 10:24:09 Turtle rep1 12 control1 PR 1 high 2 03-Oct-12 10:26:12 Turtle rep1 12 control1 PR 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 10:25:39 Turtle rep1 12 control1 PB 1 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 10:29:32 Turtle rep1 13 control1 SB 1 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 10:33:53 Turtle rep1 13 control1 PF 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 10:29:30 Turtle rep1 13 control1 PB 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 10:30:54 Turtle rep1 13 control1 PB 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 10:31:27 Turtle rep1 13 control1 PR 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 10:36:29 Turtle rep1 13 control1 PR 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 10:40:01 Turtle rep1 14 control1 SF 1 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 10:40:32 Turtle rep1 14 control1 PF 1 high 2 03-Oct-12 10:40:18 Turtle rep1 14 control1 SR 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 10:42:42 Turtle rep1 14 control1 PR 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 10:45:04 Turtle rep1 14 control1 SR 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 10:45:45 Turtle rep1 14 control1 SB 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 10:48:04 Turtle rep1 14 control1 PF 1 low 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-1

170 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 03-Oct-12 10:39:57 Turtle rep1 14 control1 SB 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 10:40:18 Turtle rep1 14 control1 SR 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 10:40:20 Turtle rep1 14 control1 SB 2 medium 4 03-Oct-12 10:48:05 Turtle rep1 14 control1 SR 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 11:09:43 Turtle rep1 15 control1 PF 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 11:10:13 Turtle rep1 15 control1 SB 2 2 low 4 03-Oct-12 11:12:27 Turtle rep1 15 control1 PR 1 low 2 03-Oct-12 11:20:08 Turtle rep1 16 control1 SR 1 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 11:20:16 Turtle rep1 16 control1 SB 1 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 11:20:11 Turtle rep1 16 control1 PB 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 11:17:55 Turtle rep1 16 control1 PF 1 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 11:22:27 Turtle rep1 16 control1 SB 1 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 11:36:39 Turtle rep1 17 control1 SF 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 11:36:43 Turtle rep1 17 control1 SF 1 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 11:36:32 Turtle rep1 17 control1 SB 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 11:28:57 Turtle rep1 17 control1 SF 1 medium 2 03-Oct-12 11:30:17 Turtle rep1 17 control1 PF 1 veryhigh 4 03-Oct-12 11:44:06 Turtle rep1 18 control1 SB 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 11:41:24 Turtle rep1 18 control1 PR 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 11:41:34 Turtle rep1 18 control1 SB 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 11:41:39 Turtle rep1 18 control1 PR 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 11:42:36 Turtle rep1 18 control1 SR 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 11:42:42 Turtle rep1 18 control1 PB 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 11:40:58 Turtle rep1 18 control1 PF 1 medium 2 03-Oct-12 11:41:08 Turtle rep1 18 control1 PF 1 1 medium 2 03-Oct-12 11:42:18 Turtle rep1 18 control1 PF 1 medium 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-2

171 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 03-Oct-12 11:43:09 Turtle rep1 18 control1 SB 1 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 11:43:23 Turtle rep1 18 control1 SF 1 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 11:44:31 Turtle rep1 18 control1 PR 1 medium 2 03-Oct-12 11:45:01 Turtle rep1 18 control1 PF 2 2 medium 4 03-Oct-12 11:47:09 Turtle rep1 18 control1 SB 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 11:45:10 Turtle rep1 18 control1 PR 1 outside 4 03-Oct-12 11:41:03 Turtle rep1 18 control1 SR 1 1 very high 2 03-Oct-12 11:41:51 Turtle rep1 18 control1 PB 1 1 very high 4 03-Oct-12 11:42:00 Turtle rep1 18 control1 PF 1 1 very high 4 03-Oct-12 11:42:16 Turtle rep1 18 control1 SR 1 1 very high 4 03-Oct-12 11:42:37 Turtle rep1 18 control1 SF 1 very high 4 03-Oct-12 11:44:55 Turtle rep1 18 control1 PB 1 1 very high 4 03-Oct-12 11:55:26 Turtle rep1 19 control1 SF 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 11:57:39 Turtle rep1 19 control1 PB 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 12:04:07 Turtle rep1 19 control1 PB 1 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 12:04:19 Turtle rep1 19 control1 PF 1 1 high 2 03-Oct-12 12:04:20 Turtle rep1 19 control1 SB 1 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 11:57:55 Turtle rep1 19 control1 PF 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 12:01:34 Turtle rep1 19 control1 PF 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 12:03:40 Turtle rep1 19 control1 PB 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 12:04:24 Turtle rep1 19 control1 PB 1 low 2 03-Oct-12 12:03:49 Turtle rep1 19 control1 SB 1 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 12:04:17 Turtle rep1 19 control1 PB 1 medium 2 03-Oct-12 12:04:24 Turtle rep1 19 control1 PF 1 medium 2 03-Oct-12 12:03:36 Turtle rep1 19 control1 SF 1 1 very high 4 03-Oct-12 12:07:08 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PF 1 1 high 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-3

172 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 03-Oct-12 12:07:38 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PF high 4 03-Oct-12 12:07:40 Turtle rep1 20 control1 SB 1 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 12:08:56 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PF 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 12:08:57 Turtle rep1 20 control1 SB 1 high 4 03-Oct-12 12:07:13 Turtle rep1 20 control1 SR 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 12:07:29 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PR 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 12:07:35 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PF 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 12:07:45 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PR 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 12:07:55 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PR 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 12:08:03 Turtle rep1 20 control1 SF 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 12:09:02 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PR 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 12:12:55 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PR 1 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 12:15:18 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PR 1 low 4 03-Oct-12 12:06:58 Turtle rep1 20 control1 SF 1 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 12:07:29 Turtle rep1 20 control1 SF 1 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 12:07:31 Turtle rep1 20 control1 SB 1 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 12:08:11 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PF 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 12:08:15 Turtle rep1 20 control1 SF 1 1 medium 4 03-Oct-12 12:07:44 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PF 2 2 very high 4 03-Oct-12 12:10:39 Turtle rep1 20 control1 PF 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 13:25:19 Turtle rep1 21 impact PF 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 13:27:28 Turtle rep1 21 impact SB 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 13:35:02 Turtle rep1 21 impact PB 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 13:21:58 Turtle rep1 21 impact SR 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 13:23:24 Turtle rep1 21 impact PF 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 13:22:06 Turtle rep1 21 impact PF 2 medium 2 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-4

173 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 29-Sep-12 13:26:32 Turtle rep1 21 impact SB 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 13:23:05 Turtle rep1 21 impact SR 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 13:26:03 Turtle rep1 21 impact SF 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 13:12:39 Turtle rep1 22 impact PB 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 13:15:30 Turtle rep1 22 impact SB 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 13:15:34 Turtle rep1 22 impact PF 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 13:15:43 Turtle rep1 22 impact SR 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 13:17:41 Turtle rep1 22 impact SB 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 13:17:49 Turtle rep1 22 impact PB 1 high 2 29-Sep-12 13:08:59 Turtle rep1 22 impact SF 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 13:11:37 Turtle rep1 22 impact SF 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 13:17:15 Turtle rep1 22 impact SB 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 13:17:21 Turtle rep1 22 impact PF 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 13:05:53 Turtle rep1 22 impact SF 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 13:10:01 Turtle rep1 22 impact SR 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 13:14:50 Turtle rep1 22 impact SB 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 13:14:53 Turtle rep1 22 impact SB 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 13:15:24 Turtle rep1 22 impact PF 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 13:05:36 Turtle rep1 22 impact PF 1 1 outside 4 29-Sep-12 13:15:17 Turtle rep1 22 impact SB 1 1 outside 4 29-Sep-12 13:10:07 Turtle rep1 22 impact SB 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 13:16:51 Turtle rep1 22 impact PF 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 12:50:05 Turtle rep1 23 impact SB 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:51:41 Turtle rep1 23 impact SR 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 13:01:21 Turtle rep1 23 impact PR 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:51:45 Turtle rep1 23 impact SR 1 medium 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-5

174 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 29-Sep-12 12:55:07 Turtle rep1 23 impact PF 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 12:55:39 Turtle rep1 23 impact SR 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 13:02:00 Turtle rep1 23 impact SR 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 12:57:47 Turtle rep1 23 impact SB 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 12:33:41 Turtle rep1 24 impact SR 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:34:19 Turtle rep1 24 impact SR 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:38:43 Turtle rep1 24 impact SF 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:40:10 Turtle rep1 24 impact SF 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:41:00 Turtle rep1 24 impact SB 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:41:16 Turtle rep1 24 impact SF 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:42:53 Turtle rep1 24 impact SF 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:45:10 Turtle rep1 24 impact SB 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:39:13 Turtle rep1 24 impact SF 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 12:41:20 Turtle rep1 24 impact SF 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 12:42:06 Turtle rep1 24 impact SF 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 12:33:26 Turtle rep1 24 impact PR 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 12:35:16 Turtle rep1 24 impact PF 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 12:45:41 Turtle rep1 24 impact PF 1 medium 2 29-Sep-12 12:39:55 Turtle rep1 24 impact SR 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 12:40:49 Turtle rep1 24 impact PF 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 12:44:04 Turtle rep1 24 impact PB 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 12:09:25 Turtle rep1 25 impact SB 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:10:02 Turtle rep1 25 impact PB 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:10:07 Turtle rep1 25 impact SF 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:10:13 Turtle rep1 25 impact SF 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:13:54 Turtle rep1 25 impact PF 1 1 high 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-6

175 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 29-Sep-12 12:08:30 Turtle rep1 25 impact PR 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 12:18:57 Turtle rep1 25 impact SR 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 12:19:59 Turtle rep1 25 impact PR 2 low 4 29-Sep-12 12:08:25 Turtle rep1 25 impact PR 1 medium 2 29-Sep-12 12:17:06 Turtle rep1 25 impact PR 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 12:18:49 Turtle rep1 25 impact PB 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 12:13:32 Turtle rep1 25 impact SF 1 1 veryhigh 4 29-Sep-12 11:53:47 Turtle rep1 26 impact PR 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 11:57:44 Turtle rep1 26 impact SR 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:01:34 Turtle rep1 26 impact SR 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 12:04:40 Turtle rep1 26 impact SR 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 11:56:54 Turtle rep1 26 impact PR 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 11:54:48 Turtle rep1 26 impact SR 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:54:40 Turtle rep1 26 impact PF 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 11:54:43 Turtle rep1 26 impact SF 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 11:54:59 Turtle rep1 26 impact SF 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 11:55:51 Turtle rep1 26 impact PB 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 11:46:15 Turtle rep1 27 impact SB 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 11:48:37 Turtle rep1 27 impact SF 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 11:49:02 Turtle rep1 27 impact PR 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 11:43:02 Turtle rep1 27 impact PR 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 11:46:28 Turtle rep1 27 impact PR 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 11:40:23 Turtle rep1 27 impact PB 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:40:50 Turtle rep1 27 impact PB 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:43:23 Turtle rep1 27 impact PB 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:40:18 Turtle rep1 27 impact PF 1 outside 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-7

176 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 29-Sep-12 11:44:46 Turtle rep1 27 impact PF 1 1 outside 4 29-Sep-12 11:22:44 Turtle rep1 28 impact SF 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 11:25:49 Turtle rep1 28 impact SB 1 high 2 29-Sep-12 11:25:49 Turtle rep1 28 impact SR 1 1 high 2 29-Sep-12 11:20:15 Turtle rep1 28 impact PB 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 11:23:22 Turtle rep1 28 impact PF 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 11:25:55 Turtle rep1 28 impact SR 1 low 2 29-Sep-12 11:27:13 Turtle rep1 28 impact SF 1 1 low 4 29-Sep-12 11:23:34 Turtle rep1 28 impact SR 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:24:08 Turtle rep1 28 impact SR 1 medium 2 29-Sep-12 11:25:15 Turtle rep1 28 impact PR 1 1 medium 2 29-Sep-12 11:27:42 Turtle rep1 28 impact SF 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:27:46 Turtle rep1 28 impact SB 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:24:38 Turtle rep1 28 impact PF 1 1 outside 4 29-Sep-12 11:24:56 Turtle rep1 28 impact PF 1 1 very high 2 29-Sep-12 11:26:32 Turtle rep1 28 impact SB 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 11:26:50 Turtle rep1 28 impact PB 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 11:27:41 Turtle rep1 28 impact SR 1 1 very high 4 29-Sep-12 11:04:30 Turtle rep1 29a impact PB 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 11:04:33 Turtle rep1 29a impact SR 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 11:04:56 Turtle rep1 29a impact PF 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 11:06:16 Turtle rep1 29a impact PR 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 11:04:13 Turtle rep1 29a impact SB 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:04:21 Turtle rep1 29a impact SB 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:06:36 Turtle rep1 29a impact SR 1 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 11:04:39 Turtle rep1 29a impact SR 1 1 outside 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-8

177 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 29-Sep-12 11:06:34 Turtle rep1 29a impact PF 1 1 outside 4 29-Sep-12 11:06:40 Turtle rep1 29a impact PR 1 very high 2 29-Sep-12 10:54:24 Turtle rep1 29b impact SR 1 1 high 4 29-Sep-12 10:55:25 Turtle rep1 29b impact SR 1 high 2 29-Sep-12 10:52:24 Turtle rep1 29b impact SB 1 medium 4 29-Sep-12 10:52:19 Turtle rep1 29b impact SR 1 1 very high 4 30-Sep-12 14:13:05 Turtle rep1 30a impact PR 2 low 3 30-Sep-12 14:11:37 Turtle rep1 30a impact PR 2 2 medium 5 30-Sep-12 14:07:16 Turtle rep1 31a impact PF 2 veryhigh 3 30-Sep-12 14:03:29 Turtle rep1 32a impact SF 2 2 medium 5 30-Sep-12 13:59:35 Turtle rep1 33 impact PF 2 2 high 5 30-Sep-12 13:59:39 Turtle rep1 33 impact PF 2 2 low 3 30-Sep-12 13:59:44 Turtle rep1 33 impact SR 2 medium 3 30-Sep-12 13:54:52 Turtle rep1 34 impact SR 2 2 high 5 30-Sep-12 13:53:12 Turtle rep1 34 impact SB 2 2 low 5 30-Sep-12 13:53:23 Turtle rep1 34 impact SF 2 low 3 30-Sep-12 13:53:58 Turtle rep1 34 impact SB 2 2 low 5 30-Sep-12 13:55:37 Turtle rep1 34 impact PR 2 low 3 30-Sep-12 13:53:18 Turtle rep1 34 impact PR 2 medium 3 30-Sep-12 13:54:30 Turtle rep1 34 impact SF 2 2 medium 5 30-Sep-12 13:55:03 Turtle rep1 34 impact SF 2 2 medium 5 30-Sep-12 13:48:06 Turtle rep1 35 impact PR 2 low 3 30-Sep-12 13:48:23 Turtle rep1 35 impact SR 2 2 low 3 30-Sep-12 13:47:08 Turtle rep1 35 impact PR 2 medium 3 30-Sep-12 13:48:38 Turtle rep1 35 impact PF 2 medium 5 30-Sep-12 13:49:26 Turtle rep1 35 impact PR 2 medium 3 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-9

178 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 30-Sep-12 13:47:43 Turtle rep1 35 impact SF 2 2 very high 5 30-Sep-12 13:40:10 Turtle rep1 36 impact PF 2 high 5 30-Sep-12 13:40:11 Turtle rep1 36 impact SF 2 2 high 5 30-Sep-12 13:40:30 Turtle rep1 36 impact SB 2 2 high 5 30-Sep-12 13:40:44 Turtle rep1 36 impact SF 2 2 high 5 30-Sep-12 13:40:06 Turtle rep1 36 impact SR 2 very high 5 30-Sep-12 13:34:16 Turtle rep1 37 impact PF 2 2 low 5 30-Sep-12 13:26:59 Turtle rep1 38 impact PB 2 medium 5 30-Sep-12 13:26:59 Turtle rep1 38 impact SF 2 2 medium 5 30-Sep-12 13:17:57 Turtle rep1 39 impact PR 2 low 5 30-Sep-12 13:18:02 Turtle rep1 39 impact SR 2 2 medium 5 30-Sep-12 12:59:48 Turtle rep1 41 impact SR 2 high 3 01-Oct-12 9:45:56 Turtle rep1 47 control2 SR 1 high 2 01-Oct-12 9:54:29 Turtle rep1 48 control2 PF 1 low 2 01-Oct-12 9:53:52 Turtle rep1 48 control2 SF 1 1 medium 4 01-Oct-12 9:54:34 Turtle rep1 48 control2 PF 1 medium 2 01-Oct-12 9:57:34 Turtle rep1 49 control2 SB 1 1 low 2 01-Oct-12 9:57:35 Turtle rep1 49 control2 PF 1 low 2 01-Oct-12 9:59:26 Turtle rep1 49 control2 SF 1 1 low 4 01-Oct-12 10:01:46 Turtle rep1 49 control2 SF 1 1 low 4 01-Oct-12 9:57:30 Turtle rep1 49 control2 PF 1 1 medium 2 01-Oct-12 9:57:35 Turtle rep1 49 control2 PB 1 medium 2 01-Oct-12 10:10:26 Turtle rep1 50 control2 PF 2 high 2 01-Oct-12 10:07:22 Turtle rep1 50 control2 PF 1 1 low 4 01-Oct-12 10:08:38 Turtle rep1 50 control2 PF 1 medium 4 01-Oct-12 10:10:07 Turtle rep1 50 control2 SF 1 medium 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-10

179 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 01-Oct-12 10:10:17 Turtle rep1 50 control2 PF 1 1 medium 4 01-Oct-12 10:10:17 Turtle rep1 50 control2 SR 1 medium 2 01-Oct-12 10:10:21 Turtle rep1 50 control2 PF 2 medium 2 01-Oct-12 10:18:28 Turtle rep1 51 control2 PF 1 1 low 4 01-Oct-12 10:18:29 Turtle rep1 51 control2 SF 1 1 low 4 01-Oct-12 10:18:58 Turtle rep1 51 control2 SF 1 1 medium 4 01-Oct-12 10:20:56 Turtle rep1 51 control2 PF 1 1 very high 4 01-Oct-12 10:26:31 Turtle rep1 52 control2 SF 1 1 high 4 01-Oct-12 10:27:15 Turtle rep1 52 control2 PB 1 1 high 4 01-Oct-12 10:28:56 Turtle rep1 52 control2 PB 1 1 low 4 01-Oct-12 10:26:51 Turtle rep1 52 control2 PR 1 1 medium 4 01-Oct-12 10:27:40 Turtle rep1 52 control2 SF 1 1 medium 4 01-Oct-12 10:37:47 Turtle rep1 53 control2 SF 1 1 medium 4 01-Oct-12 10:37:46 Turtle rep1 53 control2 PR 1 1 outside 4 01-Oct-12 10:43:17 Turtle rep1 53 control2 SB 1 1 outside 4 01-Oct-12 11:00:56 Turtle rep1 54 control2 PR 1 1 high 4 01-Oct-12 10:58:08 Turtle rep1 54 control2 SR 1 low 2 01-Oct-12 10:59:53 Turtle rep1 54 control2 SR 1 medium 2 01-Oct-12 11:00:05 Turtle rep1 54 control2 SR 1 medium 2 01-Oct-12 11:07:29 Turtle rep1 54 control2 PF 1 1 outside 4 01-Oct-12 11:02:40 Turtle rep1 54 control2 SF 1 very high 4 01-Oct-12 11:10:22 Turtle rep1 55 control2 SB 1 1 medium 4 01-Oct-12 11:11:31 Turtle rep1 55 control2 SF 1 1 medium 4 01-Oct-12 11:16:42 Turtle rep1 55 control2 PR 1 1 medium 4 01-Oct-12 11:29:26 Turtle rep1 56 control2 PR 1 1 high 4 01-Oct-12 11:25:11 Turtle rep1 56 control2 PR 1 low 2 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-11

180 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 01-Oct-12 11:26:55 Turtle rep1 56 control2 SR 1 1 low 4 01-Oct-12 11:29:50 Turtle rep1 56 control2 PR 1 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 9:30:08 Turtle rep1 57 control2 SF 2 2 high 4 02-Oct-12 9:26:56 Turtle rep1 57 control2 PR 1 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 9:29:04 Turtle rep1 57 control2 PR 1 low 2 02-Oct-12 9:29:58 Turtle rep1 57 control2 PF 1 low 2 02-Oct-12 9:32:36 Turtle rep1 57 control2 PB 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 9:33:14 Turtle rep1 57 control2 PB 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 9:26:14 Turtle rep1 57 control2 PB 1 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 9:28:59 Turtle rep1 57 control2 SB 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 9:29:18 Turtle rep1 57 control2 PB 1 1 medium 2 02-Oct-12 9:32:22 Turtle rep1 57 control2 SR 1 medium 2 02-Oct-12 9:32:40 Turtle rep1 57 control2 SR 1 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 9:32:47 Turtle rep1 57 control2 SB 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 9:30:04 Turtle rep1 57 control2 PF 1 1 very high 4 02-Oct-12 9:39:16 Turtle rep1 58 control2 SR 1 high 2 02-Oct-12 9:39:41 Turtle rep1 58 control2 SR 1 1 high 4 02-Oct-12 9:39:52 Turtle rep1 58 control2 PR 1 1 high 4 02-Oct-12 9:40:14 Turtle rep1 58 control2 SF 1 1 high 4 02-Oct-12 9:40:35 Turtle rep1 58 control2 PR 1 high 4 02-Oct-12 9:36:47 Turtle rep1 58 control2 PF 1 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 9:39:28 Turtle rep1 58 control2 SB 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 9:39:53 Turtle rep1 58 control2 PB 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 9:40:08 Turtle rep1 58 control2 PB 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 9:39:46 Turtle rep1 58 control2 SR 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 9:39:59 Turtle rep1 58 control2 PB 1 1 medium 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-12

181 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 02-Oct-12 9:40:05 Turtle rep1 58 control2 SB 1 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 9:40:55 Turtle rep1 58 control2 SB 1 1 very high 4 02-Oct-12 9:52:56 Turtle rep1 59 control2 PB 1 high 4 02-Oct-12 9:52:27 Turtle rep1 59 control2 PR 1 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 9:55:57 Turtle rep1 59 control2 SR 1 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 9:49:01 Turtle rep1 59 control2 SB 1 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 9:54:14 Turtle rep1 59 control2 PB 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 9:56:17 Turtle rep1 59 control2 PF 2 2 medium 4 02-Oct-12 9:51:25 Turtle rep1 59 control2 SF 1 1 very high 4 02-Oct-12 9:55:11 Turtle rep1 59 control2 PF 1 very high 4 02-Oct-12 9:55:37 Turtle rep1 59 control2 PR 1 1 very high 4 02-Oct-12 10:00:16 Turtle rep1 60 control2 PR 1 1 high 4 02-Oct-12 10:02:05 Turtle rep1 60 control2 PR 1 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 9:59:54 Turtle rep1 60 control2 PB 1 1 medium 2 02-Oct-12 10:15:22 Turtle rep1 61 control2 PF 1 1 high 4 02-Oct-12 10:13:32 Turtle rep1 61 control2 SR 1 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 10:09:38 Turtle rep1 61 control2 PR 1 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 10:09:51 Turtle rep1 61 control2 PB 1 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 10:15:59 Turtle rep1 61 control2 PF 1 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 10:10:50 Turtle rep1 61 control2 PF 1 very high 4 02-Oct-12 10:21:25 Turtle rep1 62 control2 SR 1 1 high 4 02-Oct-12 10:25:50 Turtle rep1 62 control2 SR 1 1 high 4 02-Oct-12 10:20:13 Turtle rep1 62 control2 PR 1 low 2 02-Oct-12 10:24:39 Turtle rep1 62 control2 PR 1 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 10:26:26 Turtle rep1 62 control2 PR 1 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 10:26:42 Turtle rep1 62 control2 PR 1 1 low 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-13

182 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 02-Oct-12 10:19:40 Turtle rep1 62 control2 PB 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 10:19:43 Turtle rep1 62 control2 PB 1 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 10:20:40 Turtle rep1 62 control2 PR 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 10:22:02 Turtle rep1 62 control2 PR 1 outside 4 02-Oct-12 10:21:46 Turtle rep1 62 control2 SB 1 1 very high 4 02-Oct-12 10:35:26 Turtle rep1 63 control2 PR 1 1 high 4 02-Oct-12 10:35:37 Turtle rep1 63 control2 SB 1 1 high 4 02-Oct-12 10:34:11 Turtle rep1 63 control2 PR 1 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 10:32:38 Turtle rep1 63 control2 SR 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 10:35:33 Turtle rep1 63 control2 SR 1 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 10:32:37 Turtle rep1 63 control2 SF 1 1 very high 4 02-Oct-12 10:38:52 Turtle rep1 64 control2 SR 1 high 2 02-Oct-12 10:39:43 Turtle rep1 64 control2 SR 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 10:43:35 Turtle rep1 64 control2 SR 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 10:44:00 Turtle rep1 64 control2 PR 1 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 10:44:16 Turtle rep1 64 control2 PB 1 1 low 4 02-Oct-12 10:39:22 Turtle rep1 64 control2 PR 1 medium 2 02-Oct-12 10:53:01 Turtle rep1 65 control2 PB 1 high 4 02-Oct-12 10:54:02 Turtle rep1 65 control2 PR 1 low 2 02-Oct-12 10:49:41 Turtle rep1 65 control2 PR 1 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 10:52:19 Turtle rep1 65 control2 PR 1 medium 4 02-Oct-12 10:54:09 Turtle rep1 65 control2 SB 1 medium 1 02-Oct-12 10:51:28 Turtle rep1 65 control2 SB 1 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 10:02:07 Turtle rep2 12 control1 P 1 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 10:03:35 Turtle rep2 12 control1 S 1 low 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-14

183 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 04-Oct-12 10:05:36 Turtle rep2 12 control1 P 1 low 2 04-Oct-12 10:18:03 Turtle rep2 13 control1 P 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 10:18:50 Turtle rep2 13 control1 S 1 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 10:21:40 Turtle rep2 14 control1 S 1 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 10:29:21 Turtle rep2 14 control1 P 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 10:22:46 Turtle rep2 14 control1 S 1 1 low 2 04-Oct-12 10:25:28 Turtle rep2 14 control1 S 1 1 low 04-Oct-12 10:51:57 Turtle rep2 15 control1 S 1 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 10:46:43 Turtle rep2 15 control1 P 1 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 10:46:56 Turtle rep2 15 control1 S 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 10:55:36 Turtle rep2 15 control1 S 1 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 10:48:18 Turtle rep2 15 control1 P 1 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 10:55:01 Turtle rep2 15 control1 P 1 medium 2 04-Oct-12 10:55:27 Turtle rep2 15 control1 S 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 10:58:06 Turtle rep2 16 control1 P 1 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:01:22 Turtle rep2 16 control1 P 1 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 10:58:46 Turtle rep2 16 control1 S 1 medium 2 04-Oct-12 10:59:08 Turtle rep2 16 control1 P 1 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 10:59:21 Turtle rep2 16 control1 S 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 10:59:46 Turtle rep2 16 control1 P 1 medium 2 04-Oct-12 10:57:56 Turtle rep2 16 control1 S 1 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 11:01:56 Turtle rep2 16 control1 P 1 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 11:15:57 Turtle rep2 17 control1 P 1 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:16:52 Turtle rep2 17 control1 S 1 1 high 2 04-Oct-12 11:16:56 Turtle rep2 17 control1 S 1 1 high 2 04-Oct-12 11:17:58 Turtle rep2 17 control1 S 1 1 high 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-15

184 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 04-Oct-12 11:17:34 Turtle rep2 17 control1 P 2 low 2 04-Oct-12 11:17:43 Turtle rep2 17 control1 P 2 low 4 04-Oct-12 11:17:43 Turtle rep2 17 control1 S 2 low 4 04-Oct-12 11:19:18 Turtle rep2 17 control1 S 1 low 2 04-Oct-12 11:12:05 Turtle rep2 17 control1 S 1 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:14:42 Turtle rep2 17 control1 P 1 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:16:34 Turtle rep2 17 control1 P 1 medium 2 04-Oct-12 11:16:52 Turtle rep2 17 control1 S 2 1 medium 2 04-Oct-12 11:16:58 Turtle rep2 17 control1 S 2 2 medium 2 04-Oct-12 11:17:31 Turtle rep2 17 control1 S 1 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:17:51 Turtle rep2 17 control1 P 1 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:18:05 Turtle rep2 17 control1 S 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:18:11 Turtle rep2 17 control1 S 1 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:18:02 Turtle rep2 17 control1 P 2 very high 4 04-Oct-12 11:18:16 Turtle rep2 17 control1 P 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 11:13:39 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:23:05 Turtle rep2 18 control1 S 1 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:23:27 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:27:28 Turtle rep2 18 control1 S 1 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:23:41 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 11:25:53 Turtle rep2 18 control1 S 1 low 1 04-Oct-12 11:25:53 Turtle rep2 18 control1 S 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 11:26:46 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 11:22:28 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 medium 2 04-Oct-12 11:22:42 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:23:24 Turtle rep2 18 control1 S 1 1 medium 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-16

185 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 04-Oct-12 11:23:28 Turtle rep2 18 control1 S 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:24:11 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:25:44 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 2 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:26:00 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 medium 2 04-Oct-12 11:28:32 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 2 medium 2 04-Oct-12 11:29:01 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 2 medium 2 04-Oct-12 11:30:55 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:23:41 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 11:25:18 Turtle rep2 18 control1 S 1 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 11:26:16 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 11:29:04 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 11:31:08 Turtle rep2 18 control1 P 1 very high 2 04-Oct-12 11:39:17 Turtle rep2 19 control1 P 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:43:10 Turtle rep2 19 control1 S 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:44:51 Turtle rep2 19 control1 S 1 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:45:34 Turtle rep2 19 control1 P 1 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:45:46 Turtle rep2 19 control1 S 1 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:36:47 Turtle rep2 19 control1 P 1 low 2 04-Oct-12 11:39:01 Turtle rep2 19 control1 P 1 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 11:44:52 Turtle rep2 19 control1 S 1 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 11:45:08 Turtle rep2 19 control1 P 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 11:45:50 Turtle rep2 19 control1 P 3 3 low 4 04-Oct-12 11:41:39 Turtle rep2 19 control1 P 2 2 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:41:41 Turtle rep2 19 control1 S 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:44:29 Turtle rep2 19 control1 S 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:45:22 Turtle rep2 19 control1 P 1 medium 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-17

186 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 04-Oct-12 11:45:39 Turtle rep2 19 control1 P 2 2 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:45:00 Turtle rep2 19 control1 P 1 outside 4 04-Oct-12 11:45:03 Turtle rep2 19 control1 S 1 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 11:45:17 Turtle rep2 19 control1 P 1 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 11:45:54 Turtle rep2 19 control1 S 1 1 very high 4 04-Oct-12 11:49:25 Turtle rep2 20 control1 P 1 1 high 4 04-Oct-12 11:49:10 Turtle rep2 20 control1 P 1 1 low 4 04-Oct-12 11:48:38 Turtle rep2 20 control1 S 1 medium 4 04-Oct-12 11:49:25 Turtle rep2 20 control1 S 1 1 very high 4 06-Oct-12 11:22:49 Turtle rep2 21 impact P 1 high 2 06-Oct-12 11:23:09 Turtle rep2 21 impact P 1 high 4 06-Oct-12 11:24:06 Turtle rep2 21 impact P 2 2 low 4 06-Oct-12 11:32:21 Turtle rep2 21 impact P 1 1 outside 4 06-Oct-12 11:18:14 Turtle rep2 22 impact P 1 1 high 4 06-Oct-12 11:18:54 Turtle rep2 22 impact P 2 2 high 2 06-Oct-12 11:18:41 Turtle rep2 22 impact P 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 11:03:27 Turtle rep2 23 impact P 1 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 10:51:02 Turtle rep2 23 impact S 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 10:54:47 Turtle rep2 23 impact S 1 1 outside 4 06-Oct-12 11:03:00 Turtle rep2 23 impact P 1 1 very high 4 06-Oct-12 10:36:47 Turtle rep2 24 impact S 1 1 high 4 06-Oct-12 10:31:28 Turtle rep2 25 impact P 1 1 high 4 06-Oct-12 10:21:34 Turtle rep2 25 impact S 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 10:23:19 Turtle rep2 25 impact S 1 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 10:31:28 Turtle rep2 25 impact P 1 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 10:19:48 Turtle rep2 25 impact S 1 medium 2 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-18

187 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 06-Oct-12 10:22:23 Turtle rep2 25 impact P 1 1 very high 4 06-Oct-12 9:56:06 Turtle rep2 26 impact S 1 high 4 06-Oct-12 10:08:12 Turtle rep2 26 impact S 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 10:08:24 Turtle rep2 26 impact S 1 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 9:45:58 Turtle rep2 27 impact S 1 1 high 4 06-Oct-12 9:48:23 Turtle rep2 27 impact S 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 9:51:35 Turtle rep2 27 impact S 1 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 9:42:56 Turtle rep2 27 impact S 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 9:41:54 Turtle rep2 27 impact P 2 medium 2 06-Oct-12 9:44:47 Turtle rep2 27 impact S 1 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:47:30 Turtle rep2 27 impact P 2 2 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:47:52 Turtle rep2 27 impact P 1 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:44:33 Turtle rep2 27 impact P 1 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:45:48 Turtle rep2 27 impact P 1 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:47:31 Turtle rep2 27 impact S 1 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:47:35 Turtle rep2 27 impact P 2 2 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:47:17 Turtle rep2 27 impact P 2 2 very high 4 06-Oct-12 9:47:26 Turtle rep2 27 impact S 1 1 very high 4 06-Oct-12 9:49:49 Turtle rep2 27 impact S 1 1 very high 4 06-Oct-12 9:51:16 Turtle rep2 27 impact P 1 very high 4 06-Oct-12 9:36:14 Turtle rep2 28 impact P 1 1 high 4 06-Oct-12 9:33:58 Turtle rep2 28 impact P 1 1 high 4 06-Oct-12 9:32:47 Turtle rep2 28 impact P 1 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 9:33:28 Turtle rep2 28 impact P 1 1 low 06-Oct-12 9:36:52 Turtle rep2 28 impact P 1 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 9:30:59 Turtle rep2 28 impact P 1 1 medium 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-19

188 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 06-Oct-12 9:33:02 Turtle rep2 28 impact S 1 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:36:30 Turtle rep2 28 impact S 1 1 very high 4 06-Oct-12 9:35:15 Turtle rep2 28 impact P 1 very high 4 06-Oct-12 9:35:37 Turtle rep2 28 impact S 1 1 very high 4 06-Oct-12 9:20:43 Turtle rep2 29a impact S 1 1 low 4 06-Oct-12 9:19:41 Turtle rep2 29a impact P 1 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:14:54 Turtle rep2 29b impact P 1 1 medium 06-Oct-12 9:15:36 Turtle rep2 29b impact S 1 medium 4 07-Oct-12 10:04:41 Turtle rep2 30a impact S 1 high 4 07-Oct-12 10:05:41 Turtle rep2 30a impact P 1 low 4 07-Oct-12 10:04:39 Turtle rep2 30a impact P 1 low 2 07-Oct-12 10:03:39 Turtle rep2 30a impact S 1 1 very high 4 07-Oct-12 10:03:45 Turtle rep2 30a impact P 1 1 very high 4 06-Oct-12 9:06:05 Turtle rep2 30b impact P 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 9:01:32 Turtle rep2 31b impact P 1 medium 4 06-Oct-12 8:57:02 Turtle rep2 32b impact P 1 1 low 4 07-Oct-12 9:44:58 Turtle rep2 34 impact P 1 1 high 4 07-Oct-12 9:39:10 Turtle rep2 35 impact S 1 1 very high 4 07-Oct-12 9:34:52 Turtle rep2 36 impact P 1 1 high 4 07-Oct-12 9:32:15 Turtle rep2 36 impact P 1 1 medium 4 07-Oct-12 9:26:11 Turtle rep2 37 impact S 1 1 low 4 07-Oct-12 9:28:44 Turtle rep2 37 impact P 1 1 low 4 07-Oct-12 9:24:20 Turtle rep2 37 impact S 1 1 medium 4 07-Oct-12 9:24:23 Turtle rep2 37 impact S 1 1 medium 4 07-Oct-12 9:26:20 Turtle rep2 37 impact S 1 1 medium 4 07-Oct-12 9:26:24 Turtle rep2 37 impact P 1 1 medium 3 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-20

189 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 07-Oct-12 9:26:51 Turtle rep2 37 impact S 1 1 medium 4 07-Oct-12 9:18:38 Turtle rep2 38 impact S 1 1 low 4 07-Oct-12 9:19:58 Turtle rep2 38 impact P 1 1 medium 4 07-Oct-12 9:02:08 Turtle rep2 40 impact P 1 1 medium 4 07-Oct-12 8:55:13 Turtle rep2 42 impact P 1 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 9:04:57 Turtle rep2 45 control2 P 2 2 low 4 08-Oct-12 9:04:58 Turtle rep2 45 control2 S 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 9:05:00 Turtle rep2 45 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 9:10:30 Turtle rep2 46 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 9:15:22 Turtle rep2 47 control2 S 1 1 high 4 08-Oct-12 9:13:22 Turtle rep2 47 control2 P 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 9:21:02 Turtle rep2 48 control2 S 1 1 high 2 08-Oct-12 9:19:11 Turtle rep2 48 control2 P 1 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 9:21:00 Turtle rep2 48 control2 S 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 9:21:32 Turtle rep2 48 control2 P 2 1 low 2 08-Oct-12 9:21:26 Turtle rep2 48 control2 S 1 medium 2 08-Oct-12 9:28:02 Turtle rep2 49 control2 S 1 1 high 4 08-Oct-12 9:29:45 Turtle rep2 49 control2 P 1 1 high 4 08-Oct-12 9:27:57 Turtle rep2 49 control2 S 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 9:24:35 Turtle rep2 49 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 9:27:26 Turtle rep2 49 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 9:29:06 Turtle rep2 49 control2 P 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 9:28:11 Turtle rep2 49 control2 P 1 1 very high 4 08-Oct-12 9:34:42 Turtle rep2 50 control2 P 1 high 4 08-Oct-12 9:37:34 Turtle rep2 50 control2 S 1 1 high 2 08-Oct-12 9:37:39 Turtle rep2 50 control2 P 1 1 low 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-21

190 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 08-Oct-12 9:37:44 Turtle rep2 50 control2 P 1 1 low 2 08-Oct-12 9:34:32 Turtle rep2 50 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 9:48:18 Turtle rep2 51 control2 S 1 1 high 4 08-Oct-12 9:47:58 Turtle rep2 51 control2 P 1 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 9:48:22 Turtle rep2 51 control2 S 1 1 medium 2 08-Oct-12 9:48:11 Turtle rep2 51 control2 P 1 outside 4 08-Oct-12 9:55:41 Turtle rep2 52 control2 P 1 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 9:56:24 Turtle rep2 52 control2 S 1 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 9:56:58 Turtle rep2 52 control2 P 1 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 9:56:19 Turtle rep2 52 control2 P 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 9:56:36 Turtle rep2 52 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 10:08:29 Turtle rep2 53 control2 P 1 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 10:10:50 Turtle rep2 53 control2 S 1 low 2 08-Oct-12 10:10:57 Turtle rep2 53 control2 S 1 1 low 2 08-Oct-12 10:11:00 Turtle rep2 53 control2 S 1 1 low 2 08-Oct-12 10:11:01 Turtle rep2 53 control2 S 1 1 low 2 08-Oct-12 10:05:50 Turtle rep2 53 control2 S 1 1 outside 4 08-Oct-12 10:05:55 Turtle rep2 53 control2 S 1 1 very high 4 08-Oct-12 10:10:50 Turtle rep2 53 control2 P 1 very high 2 08-Oct-12 10:24:33 Turtle rep2 54 control2 P 1 1 high 4 08-Oct-12 10:25:19 Turtle rep2 54 control2 S 1 high 2 08-Oct-12 10:29:16 Turtle rep2 54 control2 P 1 high 4 08-Oct-12 10:20:57 Turtle rep2 54 control2 S 1 low 2 08-Oct-12 10:21:31 Turtle rep2 54 control2 P 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 10:22:34 Turtle rep2 54 control2 P 1 low 2 08-Oct-12 10:23:14 Turtle rep2 54 control2 S 1 1 low 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-22

191 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 08-Oct-12 10:28:16 Turtle rep2 54 control2 P 1 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 10:20:48 Turtle rep2 54 control2 S 1 1 medium 2 08-Oct-12 10:25:32 Turtle rep2 54 control2 S 1 medium 2 08-Oct-12 10:26:01 Turtle rep2 54 control2 S 1 1 medium 2 08-Oct-12 10:27:36 Turtle rep2 54 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 10:41:15 Turtle rep2 55 control2 S 1 1 high 2 08-Oct-12 10:36:03 Turtle rep2 55 control2 P 1 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 10:36:52 Turtle rep2 55 control2 S 1 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 10:39:20 Turtle rep2 55 control2 S 1 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 10:41:21 Turtle rep2 55 control2 P 1 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 10:35:20 Turtle rep2 55 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 10:37:33 Turtle rep2 55 control2 S 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 10:46:55 Turtle rep2 56 control2 P 1 1 high 2 08-Oct-12 10:47:22 Turtle rep2 56 control2 P 2 1 high 2 08-Oct-12 10:49:31 Turtle rep2 56 control2 S 1 high 4 08-Oct-12 10:50:36 Turtle rep2 56 control2 P 1 1 high 4 08-Oct-12 10:46:49 Turtle rep2 56 control2 P 2 1 low 2 08-Oct-12 10:48:07 Turtle rep2 56 control2 S 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 10:48:08 Turtle rep2 56 control2 S 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 10:48:48 Turtle rep2 56 control2 P 1 1 low 4 08-Oct-12 10:44:22 Turtle rep2 56 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 10:47:58 Turtle rep2 56 control2 S 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 10:48:02 Turtle rep2 56 control2 S 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 10:48:04 Turtle rep2 56 control2 S 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 10:50:30 Turtle rep2 56 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 08-Oct-12 10:52:01 Turtle rep2 56 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-23

192 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 08-Oct-12 10:45:06 Turtle rep2 56 control2 S 1 1 very high 4 09-Oct-12 9:06:09 Turtle rep2 57 control2 S 1 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 9:08:30 Turtle rep2 57 control2 S 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 9:10:36 Turtle rep2 57 control2 S 1 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 9:13:57 Turtle rep2 57 control2 P 1 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 9:11:09 Turtle rep2 57 control2 S 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 9:05:55 Turtle rep2 57 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:14:10 Turtle rep2 57 control2 S 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:14:20 Turtle rep2 57 control2 S 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:14:17 Turtle rep2 57 control2 S 1 1 outside 4 09-Oct-12 9:11:45 Turtle rep2 57 control2 P 1 very high 2 09-Oct-12 9:19:44 Turtle rep2 58 control2 S 1 high 2 09-Oct-12 9:19:18 Turtle rep2 58 control2 P 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 9:19:51 Turtle rep2 58 control2 P 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 9:20:22 Turtle rep2 58 control2 P 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 9:21:38 Turtle rep2 58 control2 S 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 9:18:56 Turtle rep2 58 control2 P 1 medium 2 09-Oct-12 9:19:40 Turtle rep2 58 control2 S 1 1 medium 2 09-Oct-12 9:19:54 Turtle rep2 58 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:21:25 Turtle rep2 58 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:21:34 Turtle rep2 58 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:19:49 Turtle rep2 58 control2 P 1 1 very high 4 09-Oct-12 9:30:01 Turtle rep2 59 control2 S 1 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 9:32:00 Turtle rep2 59 control2 S 1 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 9:32:53 Turtle rep2 59 control2 S 1 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 9:33:31 Turtle rep2 59 control2 P 1 high Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-24

193 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 09-Oct-12 9:35:14 Turtle rep2 59 control2 S 1 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 9:29:22 Turtle rep2 59 control2 P 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 9:30:48 Turtle rep2 59 control2 P 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 9:31:13 Turtle rep2 59 control2 S 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 9:29:41 Turtle rep2 59 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:32:36 Turtle rep2 59 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:32:56 Turtle rep2 59 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:32:10 Turtle rep2 59 control2 S 1 1 outside 4 09-Oct-12 9:38:14 Turtle rep2 60 control2 S 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 9:40:44 Turtle rep2 60 control2 S 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 9:40:52 Turtle rep2 60 control2 S 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 9:38:14 Turtle rep2 60 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:37:52 Turtle rep2 60 control2 S 1 1 very high 4 09-Oct-12 9:44:41 Turtle rep2 60 control2 S 1 1 very high 4 09-Oct-12 9:55:34 Turtle rep2 61 control2 P 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 9:50:42 Turtle rep2 61 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:53:41 Turtle rep2 61 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 9:48:47 Turtle rep2 61 control2 P 1 1 very high 4 09-Oct-12 10:04:07 Turtle rep2 62 control2 S 1 high 2 09-Oct-12 10:04:08 Turtle rep2 62 control2 P 1 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 10:06:16 Turtle rep2 62 control2 P 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 10:09:01 Turtle rep2 62 control2 P 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 10:03:56 Turtle rep2 62 control2 S 1 low 2 09-Oct-12 10:04:03 Turtle rep2 62 control2 P 1 low 2 09-Oct-12 10:04:17 Turtle rep2 62 control2 S 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 10:10:16 Turtle rep2 62 control2 S 1 1 low 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-25

194 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 09-Oct-12 10:03:52 Turtle rep2 62 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 10:04:48 Turtle rep2 62 control2 P 1 1 medium 2 09-Oct-12 10:05:34 Turtle rep2 62 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 10:04:03 Turtle rep2 62 control2 S 1 1 very high 2 09-Oct-12 10:05:09 Turtle rep2 62 control2 S 1 1 very high 4 09-Oct-12 10:08:56 Turtle rep2 62 control2 P 1 1 very high 4 09-Oct-12 10:20:01 Turtle rep2 63 control2 S 1 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 10:20:29 Turtle rep2 63 control2 S 1 1 high 2 09-Oct-12 10:21:25 Turtle rep2 63 control2 P 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 10:20:19 Turtle rep2 63 control2 P 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 10:15:22 Turtle rep2 63 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 10:21:22 Turtle rep2 63 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 10:17:49 Turtle rep2 63 control2 S 1 1 outside 4 09-Oct-12 10:20:03 Turtle rep2 63 control2 S 1 very high 2 09-Oct-12 10:20:11 Turtle rep2 63 control2 S 1 1 very high 2 09-Oct-12 10:28:43 Turtle rep2 64 control2 P 1 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 10:30:36 Turtle rep2 64 control2 S 1 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 10:24:10 Turtle rep2 64 control2 P 1 low 2 09-Oct-12 10:24:21 Turtle rep2 64 control2 P 1 1 low 4 09-Oct-12 10:26:27 Turtle rep2 64 control2 P 1 1 low 3 09-Oct-12 10:24:39 Turtle rep2 64 control2 P 1 medium 2 09-Oct-12 10:25:00 Turtle rep2 64 control2 P 1 medium 2 09-Oct-12 10:25:07 Turtle rep2 64 control2 P 1 medium 3 09-Oct-12 10:28:00 Turtle rep2 64 control2 P 1 outside 4 09-Oct-12 10:28:24 Turtle rep2 64 control2 S 1 1 very high 4 09-Oct-12 10:31:07 Turtle rep2 64 control2 S 1 1 very high 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-26

195 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 09-Oct-12 10:36:19 Turtle rep2 65 control2 S 1 1 high 2 09-Oct-12 10:37:09 Turtle rep2 65 control2 P 1 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 10:37:36 Turtle rep2 65 control2 P 1 high 4 09-Oct-12 10:37:51 Turtle rep2 65 control2 P 1 high 2 09-Oct-12 10:38:06 Turtle rep2 65 control2 P 2 1 low 2 09-Oct-12 10:37:24 Turtle rep2 65 control2 P 1 medium 4 09-Oct-12 10:35:42 Turtle rep2 65 control2 P 3 very high 4 09-Oct-12 10:36:59 Turtle rep2 65 control2 S 1 1 very high 2 09-Oct-12 10:37:39 Turtle rep2 65 control2 P 1 very high 4 18-Oct-12 10:17:50 Turtle rep3 5 control1 P 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 12:15:59 Turtle rep3 7 control1 S 1 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 12:25:53 Turtle rep3 9 control1 P 1 low 2 17-Oct-12 12:27:56 Turtle rep3 9 control1 S 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 12:39:40 Turtle rep3 10 control1 P 1 low 2 17-Oct-12 12:38:43 Turtle rep3 10 control1 S 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 12:43:57 Turtle rep3 11 control1 S 1 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 12:45:53 Turtle rep3 11 control1 P 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 12:45:54 Turtle rep3 11 control1 S 1 low 2 17-Oct-12 12:45:54 Turtle rep3 11 control1 S 1 1 low 2 17-Oct-12 12:43:45 Turtle rep3 11 control1 P 1 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 12:57:47 Turtle rep3 12 control1 P 1 1 medium 2 17-Oct-12 13:06:56 Turtle rep3 13 control1 S 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 13:07:07 Turtle rep3 13 control1 P 1 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 13:06:21 Turtle rep3 13 control1 P 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 13:10:16 Turtle rep3 13 control1 S 1 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 13:10:25 Turtle rep3 13 control1 P 1 very high 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-27

196 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 17-Oct-12 13:11:49 Turtle rep3 13 control1 P 1 very high 2 17-Oct-12 13:23:06 Turtle rep3 14 control1 S 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 13:21:49 Turtle rep3 14 control1 P 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 13:28:56 Turtle rep3 15 control1 S 1 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 13:35:33 Turtle rep3 15 control1 P 1 low 1 17-Oct-12 13:37:10 Turtle rep3 15 control1 P 1 low 2 17-Oct-12 13:34:00 Turtle rep3 15 control1 P 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 13:31:46 Turtle rep3 15 control1 S 1 1 very high 4 17-Oct-12 13:40:06 Turtle rep3 16 control1 P 1 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 13:42:55 Turtle rep3 16 control1 P 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 13:45:26 Turtle rep3 16 control1 P 1 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 13:45:32 Turtle rep3 16 control1 S 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 13:41:59 Turtle rep3 16 control1 P 1 medium 1 17-Oct-12 13:42:38 Turtle rep3 16 control1 S 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 13:44:25 Turtle rep3 16 control1 S 1 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 13:39:36 Turtle rep3 16 control1 P 1 very high 4 17-Oct-12 13:43:12 Turtle rep3 16 control1 P 1 very high 4 17-Oct-12 13:56:42 Turtle rep3 17 control1 P 1 high 2 17-Oct-12 13:59:13 Turtle rep3 17 control1 P 1 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 13:51:34 Turtle rep3 17 control1 P 1 low 2 17-Oct-12 13:56:39 Turtle rep3 17 control1 P 1 low 2 17-Oct-12 13:58:54 Turtle rep3 17 control1 P 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 13:53:59 Turtle rep3 17 control1 S 1 outside 4 17-Oct-12 13:54:54 Turtle rep3 17 control1 S 1 1 very high 4 17-Oct-12 14:03:23 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 1 high 2 17-Oct-12 14:03:38 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 1 high 2 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-28

197 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 17-Oct-12 14:04:01 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 14:04:38 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 14:06:33 Turtle rep3 18 control1 P 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 14:07:25 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 14:08:28 Turtle rep3 18 control1 P 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 14:03:11 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 low 2 17-Oct-12 14:03:55 Turtle rep3 18 control1 P 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 14:04:33 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 14:09:18 Turtle rep3 18 control1 P 1 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 14:03:25 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 medium 2 17-Oct-12 14:03:27 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 medium 2 17-Oct-12 14:03:27 Turtle rep3 18 control1 P 1 medium 2 17-Oct-12 14:03:55 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 14:04:06 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 14:04:22 Turtle rep3 18 control1 P 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 14:04:28 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 14:04:31 Turtle rep3 18 control1 P 1 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 14:04:50 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 14:03:53 Turtle rep3 18 control1 P 1 1 outside 4 17-Oct-12 14:04:02 Turtle rep3 18 control1 P 1 very high 4 17-Oct-12 14:04:25 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 1 very high 4 17-Oct-12 14:05:07 Turtle rep3 18 control1 S 1 1 very high 4 17-Oct-12 14:07:04 Turtle rep3 18 control1 P 1 very high 2 17-Oct-12 14:22:16 Turtle rep3 19 control1 S 1 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 14:22:21 Turtle rep3 19 control1 P 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 14:25:38 Turtle rep3 19 control1 P 1 low 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-29

198 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 17-Oct-12 14:25:57 Turtle rep3 19 control1 P 1 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 14:26:18 Turtle rep3 19 control1 P 1 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 14:26:23 Turtle rep3 19 control1 P 1 low 2 17-Oct-12 14:19:50 Turtle rep3 19 control1 P 1 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 14:20:34 Turtle rep3 19 control1 S 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 14:30:26 Turtle rep3 20 control1 S 1 high 4 17-Oct-12 14:29:00 Turtle rep3 20 control1 S 1 1 low 4 17-Oct-12 14:33:05 Turtle rep3 20 control1 S 1 1 low 2 17-Oct-12 14:30:18 Turtle rep3 20 control1 S 1 1 medium 4 17-Oct-12 14:29:52 Turtle rep3 20 control1 P 1 1 outside 4 20-Oct-12 11:24:44 Turtle rep3 21 impact P 1 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 11:24:51 Turtle rep3 21 impact S 1 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 11:22:14 Turtle rep3 21 impact P 1 low 2 20-Oct-12 11:33:28 Turtle rep3 21 impact P 1 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 11:22:07 Turtle rep3 21 impact P 1 medium 2 20-Oct-12 11:22:18 Turtle rep3 21 impact P 3 medium 2 20-Oct-12 11:24:59 Turtle rep3 21 impact S 1 1 medium 4 20-Oct-12 11:18:11 Turtle rep3 22 impact P 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 11:18:14 Turtle rep3 22 impact P 1 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 11:18:43 Turtle rep3 22 impact P 1 low 2 20-Oct-12 11:18:11 Turtle rep3 22 impact P 1 medium 4 20-Oct-12 11:18:15 Turtle rep3 22 impact S 1 1 medium 4 20-Oct-12 11:18:34 Turtle rep3 22 impact P 1 1 medium 4 20-Oct-12 11:18:44 Turtle rep3 22 impact S 2 2 outside 1 20-Oct-12 11:19:26 Turtle rep3 22 impact S 1 outside 1 20-Oct-12 11:15:04 Turtle rep3 22 impact S 1 1 very high 3 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-30

199 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 20-Oct-12 11:18:38 Turtle rep3 22 impact P 1 1 very high 4 20-Oct-12 10:54:35 Turtle rep3 23 impact P 1 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 10:50:54 Turtle rep3 23 impact S 1 medium 4 20-Oct-12 10:31:36 Turtle rep3 25 impact P 1 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 10:23:08 Turtle rep3 25 impact S 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 10:31:32 Turtle rep3 25 impact P 1 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 10:31:38 Turtle rep3 25 impact S 1 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 10:26:55 Turtle rep3 25 impact S 1 1 very high 4 20-Oct-12 10:31:31 Turtle rep3 25 impact P 4 very high 4 20-Oct-12 10:04:30 Turtle rep3 26 impact S 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 10:04:33 Turtle rep3 26 impact S 1 1 very high 4 20-Oct-12 9:50:39 Turtle rep3 27 impact S 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 9:56:22 Turtle rep3 27 impact S 1 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 9:55:43 Turtle rep3 27 impact P 1 1 medium 4 20-Oct-12 9:55:47 Turtle rep3 27 impact P 1 1 medium 4 20-Oct-12 9:55:53 Turtle rep3 27 impact P 1 1 medium 4 20-Oct-12 9:58:50 Turtle rep3 27 impact S 1 1 medium 4 20-Oct-12 9:59:13 Turtle rep3 27 impact P 1 1 medium 4 20-Oct-12 10:01:15 Turtle rep3 27 impact P 3 outside 4 20-Oct-12 9:56:08 Turtle rep3 27 impact P 1 1 very high 4 20-Oct-12 9:42:21 Turtle rep3 28 impact P 2 high 4 20-Oct-12 9:44:44 Turtle rep3 28 impact P 1 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 9:41:50 Turtle rep3 28 impact P 1 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 9:43:02 Turtle rep3 28 impact S 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 9:44:31 Turtle rep3 28 impact P 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 9:42:32 Turtle rep3 28 impact P 1 medium 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-31

200 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 20-Oct-12 9:40:19 Turtle rep3 28 impact P 1 outside 4 20-Oct-12 9:38:17 Turtle rep3 28 impact P 1 1 very high 4 20-Oct-12 9:39:33 Turtle rep3 28 impact P 1 1 very high 4 20-Oct-12 9:41:33 Turtle rep3 28 impact S 1 1 very high 4 20-Oct-12 9:42:44 Turtle rep3 28 impact P 1 1 very high 4 20-Oct-12 9:30:03 Turtle rep3 29a impact S 1 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 9:31:23 Turtle rep3 29a impact P 1 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 9:31:59 Turtle rep3 29a impact P 1 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 9:25:03 Turtle rep3 29b impact S 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 10:05:24 Turtle rep3 30a impact P 1 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 10:05:32 Turtle rep3 30a impact S 1 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 10:06:29 Turtle rep3 30a impact S 1 1 very high 4 20-Oct-12 9:18:33 Turtle rep3 30b impact P 1 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 9:19:32 Turtle rep3 30b impact S 1 low 4 20-Oct-12 9:20:39 Turtle rep3 30b impact S 1 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 9:59:47 Turtle rep3 31a impact S 1 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 10:01:00 Turtle rep3 31a impact S 1 1 medium 4 20-Oct-12 9:14:14 Turtle rep3 31b impact S 1 high 4 20-Oct-12 9:14:19 Turtle rep3 31b impact S 1 low 4 21-Oct-12 9:56:18 Turtle rep3 32a impact S 1 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 9:50:56 Turtle rep3 33 impact S 1 1 high 4 21-Oct-12 9:51:48 Turtle rep3 33 impact S 1 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 9:44:33 Turtle rep3 34 impact P 1 1 low 4 21-Oct-12 9:44:33 Turtle rep3 34 impact S 1 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 9:44:41 Turtle rep3 34 impact P 1 1 outside 4 21-Oct-12 9:37:53 Turtle rep3 35 impact S 1 medium 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-32

201 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 21-Oct-12 9:40:16 Turtle rep3 35 impact P 1 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 9:34:25 Turtle rep3 36 impact P 1 1 low 4 21-Oct-12 9:35:16 Turtle rep3 36 impact P 1 low 4 21-Oct-12 9:30:59 Turtle rep3 36 impact S 1 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 9:32:32 Turtle rep3 36 impact S 2 medium 4 21-Oct-12 9:24:33 Turtle rep3 37 impact P 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 9:08:53 Turtle rep3 39 impact S 1 1 low 4 21-Oct-12 9:11:27 Turtle rep3 39 impact S 1 1 medium 4 21-Oct-12 8:50:06 Turtle rep3 43 impact P 1 1 low 4 18-Oct-12 10:50:23 Turtle rep3 46 control2 S 1 low 4 18-Oct-12 10:49:35 Turtle rep3 46 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 18-Oct-12 11:00:07 Turtle rep3 48 control2 P 1 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 11:01:09 Turtle rep3 48 control2 S 1 medium 2 18-Oct-12 11:06:26 Turtle rep3 49 control2 S 1 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 11:04:55 Turtle rep3 49 control2 S 1 very high 4 18-Oct-12 11:14:33 Turtle rep3 50 control2 S 1 outside 4 18-Oct-12 11:28:11 Turtle rep3 51 control2 P 1 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 11:50:06 Turtle rep3 53 control2 S 1 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 11:49:09 Turtle rep3 53 control2 S 1 low 4 18-Oct-12 11:47:45 Turtle rep3 53 control2 S 1 medium 4 18-Oct-12 11:48:11 Turtle rep3 53 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 18-Oct-12 11:54:41 Turtle rep3 54 control2 P 1 low 2 18-Oct-12 11:56:40 Turtle rep3 54 control2 P 1 medium 2 18-Oct-12 11:58:59 Turtle rep3 54 control2 P 1 medium 1 18-Oct-12 12:14:56 Turtle rep3 55 control2 P 1 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 12:21:45 Turtle rep3 56 control2 P 1 high 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-33

202 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 18-Oct-12 12:21:39 Turtle rep3 56 control2 P 1 medium 2 18-Oct-12 12:22:45 Turtle rep3 56 control2 P 1 medium 1 18-Oct-12 12:57:37 Turtle rep3 57 control2 S 1 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 13:00:36 Turtle rep3 57 control2 P 1 1 high 3 18-Oct-12 13:01:59 Turtle rep3 57 control2 P 1 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 12:58:15 Turtle rep3 57 control2 P 2 2 low 4 18-Oct-12 12:59:01 Turtle rep3 57 control2 S 1 1 low 4 18-Oct-12 13:00:46 Turtle rep3 57 control2 S 1 1 low 4 18-Oct-12 12:58:55 Turtle rep3 57 control2 S 3 3 medium 4 18-Oct-12 12:58:56 Turtle rep3 57 control2 S 1 medium 3 18-Oct-12 13:00:47 Turtle rep3 57 control2 S 1 medium 3 18-Oct-12 12:59:26 Turtle rep3 57 control2 P 1 1 very high 4 18-Oct-12 13:06:46 Turtle rep3 58 control2 P 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 13:06:53 Turtle rep3 58 control2 P 1 high 2 18-Oct-12 13:09:24 Turtle rep3 58 control2 P 1 medium 4 18-Oct-12 13:19:30 Turtle rep3 59 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 18-Oct-12 13:19:57 Turtle rep3 59 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 18-Oct-12 13:23:33 Turtle rep3 59 control2 P 1 1 outside 3 18-Oct-12 13:23:40 Turtle rep3 59 control2 P 1 1 very high 3 18-Oct-12 13:30:26 Turtle rep3 60 control2 P 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 13:31:49 Turtle rep3 60 control2 S 1 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 13:28:13 Turtle rep3 60 control2 P 1 1 low 4 18-Oct-12 13:30:37 Turtle rep3 60 control2 P 1 1 low 4 18-Oct-12 13:33:46 Turtle rep3 60 control2 S 1 low 4 18-Oct-12 13:42:13 Turtle rep3 61 control2 P 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 13:38:10 Turtle rep3 61 control2 P 1 low 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-34

203 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys (A) Aerial Survey- Turtle Raw Sightings Data Local Time Data Type Replicate Transect Survey Block No. Total Transect position Flight Date Observer No. Surface 18-Oct-12 13:43:40 Turtle rep3 61 control2 S 1 medium 4 18-Oct-12 13:38:29 Turtle rep3 61 control2 P 1 1 outside 4 18-Oct-12 13:41:14 Turtle rep3 61 control2 P 1 1 outside 4 18-Oct-12 13:41:05 Turtle rep3 61 control2 P 1 1 very high 4 18-Oct-12 13:41:11 Turtle rep3 61 control2 P 1 1 very high 4 18-Oct-12 13:48:47 Turtle rep3 62 control2 P 1 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 13:46:45 Turtle rep3 62 control2 P 1 1 low 4 18-Oct-12 13:49:59 Turtle rep3 62 control2 P 1 1 medium 4 18-Oct-12 13:50:22 Turtle rep3 62 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 18-Oct-12 13:50:15 Turtle rep3 62 control2 S 1 1 outside 4 18-Oct-12 13:47:27 Turtle rep3 62 control2 S 1 very high 4 18-Oct-12 13:51:01 Turtle rep3 62 control2 P 2 2 very high 4 18-Oct-12 14:00:48 Turtle rep3 63 control2 P 1 1 high 2 18-Oct-12 14:00:57 Turtle rep3 63 control2 S 1 1 high 4 18-Oct-12 14:04:10 Turtle rep3 63 control2 P 1 low 2 18-Oct-12 14:00:11 Turtle rep3 63 control2 P 1 medium 4 18-Oct-12 14:00:40 Turtle rep3 63 control2 P 1 1 outside 4 18-Oct-12 14:14:09 Turtle rep3 64 control2 S 1 1 medium 4 18-Oct-12 14:19:50 Turtle rep3 65 control2 S 1 low 4 18-Oct-12 14:19:36 Turtle rep3 65 control2 P 1 medium 4 Turbidity Prepared for INPEX Page E-35

204 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (B) Aerial Survey- Turtle Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control Prepared for INPEX Page E-36

205 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (B) Aerial Survey- Turtle Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control Prepared for INPEX Page E-37

206 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (B) Aerial Survey- Turtle Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact Prepared for INPEX Page E-38

207 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (B) Aerial Survey- Turtle Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact Prepared for INPEX Page E-39

208 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (B) Aerial Survey- Turtle Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Impact B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control Prepared for INPEX Page E-40

209 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (B) Aerial Survey- Turtle Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control Prepared for INPEX Page E-41

210 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (B) Aerial Survey- Turtle Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control Prepared for INPEX Page E-42

211 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (B) Aerial Survey- Turtle Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Control B3 Impact 1 29a B3 Impact 2 29a B3 Impact 3 29a B3 Impact 1 29b B3 Impact 2 29b B3 Impact 3 29b B3 Impact 1 30a B3 Impact 2 30a B3 Impact 3 30a B3 Impact 1 30b B3 Impact 2 30b B3 Impact 3 30b B3 Impact 1 31a B3 Impact 2 31a B3 Impact 3 31a B3 Impact 1 31b B3 Impact 2 31b Prepared for INPEX Page E-43

212 Appendix E - Raw Data for Calculating Turtle Population Size in Aerial Surveys * Note this does not include all groups- only groups in transect (i.e. not including sightings on the outside or inside zones). (B) Aerial Survey- Turtle Group Sightings Data Survey Block Replicate Transect Total Length Total Area Port groups Stbd Groups B3 Impact 3 31b B3 Impact 1 32a B3 Impact 2 32a B3 Impact 3 32a B3 Impact 1 32b B3 Impact 2 32b B3 Impact 3 32b Prepared for INPEX Page E-44

213 Ichthys Nearshore Environmental Monitoring Program Routine Turtle and Dugong Monitoring Program Report- Dredging Report 1 APPENDIX F DAILY VESSEL TRACKS Prepared for INPEX

214 Prepared for INPEX Page F-1