18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Hanoi, Vietnam; * Corresponding author

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1 A N N A L E S Z O O L O G I C I (Warszawa), 2013, 63(1): TWO NEW SPECIES OF SOGANA MATSUMURA, 1914 (HEMIPTERA: FULGOROMORPHA: TROPIDUCHIDAE) WITH AN IDENTIFICATION KEY TO THE HITHERTO KNOWN SPECIES FROM VIETNAM JÉRÔME CONSTANT 1, * and HONG THAI PHAM 2 1 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Department of Entomology, Vautier street 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium; jerome.constant@naturalsciences.be 2 Department of Insect Systematics, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Hanoi, Vietnam; phamthai1976@yahoo.com * Corresponding author Abstract. Two new species of Sogana Matsumura, 1914: S. condaoana sp. nov. and S. cucphuongana sp. nov., both from Vietnam are described and illustrated. The species are compared with S. longiceps Fennah, A key to the species from Vietnam and a distribution map are provided. The genus now contains 10 species. The records of S. longiceps from China are considered as erroneous. Key words. Taxonomy, Fulgoroidea, Auchenorrhyncha, Con Dao National Park, Cuc Phuong National Park. INTRODUCTION The identification of the material recently collected in Vietnam belonging to the collections of RBINS has led to the discovery of two new species of Sogana Matsumura, 1914, S. condaoana sp. nov. and S. cucphuongana sp. nov. The genus Sogana Matsumura, 1914 presently covers 8 species (Liang & Wang 2008, Constant 2010a) distributed in SE Asia. Only one species, S. longiceps Fennah, 1978, has been recorded from Vietnam with certainty (Fennah 1978, Liang & Wang 2008). Another species, S. extrema Melichar, 1914 was mentioned by Lallemand (1942), but the record seems very doubtful to be taken into consideration here (see discussion in Liang & Wang 2008: 35). The present paper aims to describe S. condaoana sp. nov. and S. cucphuongana sp. nov. and compare them to S. longiceps. An identification key to the species occuring in Vietnam is also provided. The genus was placed by Fennah (1982) in the tribe Isporisini Fennah, 1982 and recently reviewed by Liang & Wang (2008). MATERIALS AND METHODS The material was treated as described in Constant, 2010a. The genitalia as well as other characters useful for identification are figured. A distribution map and photos of habitus are also provided. Photographs were taken using a Nikon D 7000 camera with a lens Olympus OM-System Zuiko 20 mm (details) or a lens AF Micro Nikkor 60 mm (habitus), and optimized with the software Adobe Photoshop CS3. The following acronyms are used for the measurements (taken as in Constant, 2004): BF breadth of the frons, BT breadth of the thorax, BTg breadth of the tegmina, PL ISSN Fundacja Natura optima dux doi: / X666219

2 72 J. CONSTANT and H. T. PHAM BV breadth of the vertex, LF length of the frons, LM length of the mesonotum, LP length of the pronotum, LT total length, LTg length of the tegmina, LV length of the vertex. Depositories of the material are abbreviated as follows: RBINS Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium (P. Grootaert); IEBR Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Hanoi, Vietnam (H.T. Pham). TAXONOMY Family Tropiduchidae Tribe Isporisini Fennah, 1982 Genus Sogana Matsumura, 1914 Key to the species of Sogana from Vietnam 1. Vertex subquadrate (Fig. 2B), ratio LV/BV < 0.7; aedeagus with strong, deeply furcate process on left side (Fig. 4D) and strong furcate process on right side with ventral branch much more developed (Fig. 4E) S. cucphuongana sp. nov.. Vertex elongate, ratio LV/BV > 0.8; aedeagus without strong furcate processes Vertex less elongate, ratio LV/BV = 0.9 (Fig. 1B); aedeagus with elongate process on right and left side, projecting antero-dorsally, both with teeth apically (Figs. 3D, E) S. condaoana sp. nov.. Vertex more elongate, ratio LV/BV = 1.2 (Fig. 5A); aedeagus with elongate process projecting dorsoposteriorly on right side (Fig. 5G) and elongate process projecting ventro-anteriorly on left side (Fig. 5E) S. longiceps Fennah, 1978 Sogana condaoana sp. nov. (Figs 1 A F; 3 A F; 6) Diagnosis. The species can be recognized by its rather elongate vertex (ratio LV/BV = 0.9), the presence of a dark making at the antero-dorsal angle of the genae and the 2 elongate processes of the aedeagus projecting anteriorly and ended with teeth. Etymology. The species name refers to the Con Dao Islands where the species was collected. Type material. Holotype Y: Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Vietnam, Con Dao N.P., Con Son Isl, N, E, vi.2012, day collecting, leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel, I.G.: (RBINS). Dissected, genitalia in glycerine; right hind wing mounted, glued on cardboard. Distribution. Vietnam, Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province. Description. LT: Y: 9.8 mm. Head. Vertex (Fig. 1B) elongate with apex rounded in dorsal view; latero-discal carinae oblique, well marked, joining lateral margin at half of eye length; vertex excavate between carinae; median carina broad Figure 1 A F. Sogana condaoana sp. nov., holotype. (A) Habitus, dorsal view (LT = 9.8 mm); (B) vertex and thorax, dorsal view; (C) head, left lateral view; (D) frons, normal view; (E) right tegmen, dorsal view; (F) right hind wing, dorsal view.

3 TROPIDUCHIDAE: SOGANA FROM VIETNAM (HEMIPTERA) 73 and grooved on basal third, obsolete on apical third; vertex pale yellow-brown with lateral depressed areas darker brown; frons straight in lateral view (Fig. 1C); median carina extending to apex of clypeus; frons pale yellow-brown with 7 transverse red bands interrupted in middle; anterior margin of frons with 3 dark brown patches (Fig. 1D); genae pale yellow-brown, brown at antero-dorsal angle (Fig. 1C); clypeus pale yellowbrown with margins and sides brown (Fig. 1 D); labium pale yellow, reaching hind coxae; ratio LV/BV = 0.9; LF/BF = 1.6. Thorax. (Figs 1B, C). Pronotum pale yellow-brown with irregular brown markings and with anterior and posterior margins emarginate; median carina weakening on anterior half; black impressed point on disc, on each side of median carina; black spot on side; mesonotum pale yellow-brown with median and discal carinae joining anteriorly and 4 black-brown spots along posterior margin; tegulae pale yellow-brown; lateral pleura of pro-, meso- and metathorax with black-brown markings. Tegmina (Figs 1A, E): elongate, subhyaline; black spot at apical angle of clavus; vein A1 disappearing at basal half of clavus and marked with a 1-shaped black marking at apex; apical cross-veins of discal and subapical cells black-brown; apical cells 8 12 infuscate; 8 subapical and 18 apical cells; ratio LTg/BTg = 3.0. Hind wings (Fig. 1F): hyaline with veins hyaline to brown, veins blackbrown on disc; sutural margin slightly emarginate and infuscate at claval fold. Legs (Fig 1A): pale yellow-brown with base and apex of tibiae I and II infuscate, and dark brown anteapical ring on all femora; base of coxae I black-brown; tibiae III with 3 lateral and 7 apical spines; first hind tarsomere with 10 apical spines. Male genitalia. Pygofer narrow, slightly broader on dorsal 2/3 and with anterior and posterior margins sinuate in lateral view (Fig. 3A); anal tube elongate and narrow, slightly curved to the left in dorsal view (Fig. 3 C), slightly curved ventrad on apical half in lateral view (Fig. 3A); gonostyli very elongate, with apex narrowly rounded (Fig. 3A), 3 hooked processes on dorsal margin slightly before half length (Figs 3A, B); aedeagus elongate and narrow, with 2 elongate processes dorsally projecting dorso-anteriorly (Figs 3D, E); left process with numerous small teeth apically (Fig. 3D), right process with 3 spines apically (Fig. 3E); periandrium strongly asymmetrical, with left side elongate ventrally and ended with a hook (Figs 3D F). Female genitalia. Unknown. Sogana cucphuongana sp. nov. (Figs 2 A F; 4 A F; 6) Diagnosis. The species can be recognized by its rather short vertex (ratio LV/BV = 0.63), the absence of a dark marking at the antero-dorsal corner of the genae, and the large furcate processes on the sides of the aedeagus. Figure 2 A F. Sogana cucphuongana sp. nov., holotype. (A) Habitus, dorsal view (LT = 13.1 mm); (B) vertex and thorax, dorsal view; (C) head, left lateral view; (D) frons, normal view; (E) right tegmen of female paratype, dorsal view; (F) right hind wing of holotype, dorsal view.

4 74 J. CONSTANT and H. T. PHAM Etymology. The species name refers to Cuc Phuong National Park where the species was collected. Type material. Holotype Y: Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Vietnam, Cuc Phuong N.P., N E, vii.2011, night collecting, leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel, I.G.: (RBINS). Dissected, genitalia in glycerine; right hind wing mounted, glued on cardboard. Paratypes: 2XX: Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Vietnam, Cuc Phuong N.P., N E, vii.2011, day collecting, leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel, I.G.: (RBINS, IEBR). Right hind wing mounted, glued on cardboard; 1X: Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Vietnam, Cuc Phuong N.P., N E, vii.2011, day collecting, on tree trunk, leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel, I.G.: (RBINS). Distribution. Vietnam, Ninh Binh Province. Description. LT: Y (n = 1): 13.1 mm; X (n = 2): mm. Head. Vertex (Fig. 2B) subquadrate with apex broadly rounded in dorsal view; latero-discal carinae oblique and strong, tinged with red and joining lateral margin before half of eye length; vertex excavate between carinae; median carina reduced to 2 convergent, dark red-brown carinae departing from basal margin and not joining nor reaching half of vertex; vertex pale yellow-brown with black-brown patch at latero-basal angles, and posterior and lateral margins red-brown; posterior face of head with 2 black-brown spots; frons slightly convex in lateral view (Fig. 2C); median carina brown, extending to apex of clypeus (Fig. 2D); frons pale yellow-brown with 7 transverse red bands on each side of median carina, each series of bands bordered by a continuous longitudinal narrow red line on both sides; anterior margin of frons with 3 black-brown markings; genae (Fig. 2C) pale yellowbrown; clypeus pale yellow-brown with margins and sides brown (Fig. 2D); labium brown reaching hind coxae; ratio LV/BV = 0.63; LF/BF = Thorax (Figs 2B, C). Pronotum pale yellow-brown with irregular brown markings on disc and with anterior Figure 3 A F. Sogana condaoana sp. nov., male genitalia. (A) Pygofer, anal tube and gonostyli, left lateral view; (B) processi of dorsal margin of right gonostylus, dorsal view; (C) anal tube, dorsal view; (D) phallic complex, left lateral view; (E) phallic complex, right lateral view; (F) phallic complex, ventral view. An: anal tube; Ae: aedeagus; G: gonostyli; Pe: periandrium; Py: pygofer. Scale 1 mm.

5 TROPIDUCHIDAE: SOGANA FROM VIETNAM (HEMIPTERA) 75 and posterior margins emaginate; median carina sharp, weakening anteriorly, not always reaching anterior margin and narrowly grooved basally; black impressed point on each side of median carina; small black-brown spot on side; carinae red-brown, anterior half of lateral carinae black; mesonotum pale yellowbrown with median and discal carinae red-brown and joining anteriorly; 4 black-brown spots along posterior margin; base of scutellum black-brown; tegulae pale yellow-brown; lateral pleura of meso- and metanotum with black-brown markings. Tegmina (Figs 2A, E): elongate, subhyaline; 2 black spots near base; vein A1 stopping at half of clavus and with apex black; veins brown to black, darkening from base to apex of tegmen; apical cells 6 or 7 to 17 infuscate; 7 8 subapical and apical cells; ratio LTg/BTg = 3.3. Legs (Fig. 2A): pale yellow-brown with apex of tibiae I and II slightly infuscate, and dark brown ante-apical ring on all femora; base of coxae I and II blackbrown; tibiae III with 3 lateral and 7 apical spines; first hind tarsomere with 8 9 apical spines. Male genitalia. Pygofer narrow, very slightly broader on dorsal half and with anterior and posterior margins slightly bisinuate in lateral view (Fig. 4A); anal tube elongate, with sides concave and apical Figure 4 A F. Sogana cucphuongana sp. nov., male genitalia. (A) Pygofer, anal tube and gonostyli, left lateral view; (B) processi of dorsal margin of right gonostylus, dorsal view; (C) anal tube, dorsal view; (D) phallic complex, left lateral view; (E) phallic complex, right lateral view; (F) phallic complex, ventral view. An: anal tube; Ae: aedeagus; G: gonostyli; Pe: periandrium; Py: pygofer. Scale 1 mm.

6 76 J. CONSTANT and H. T. PHAM Figure 5 A H. Sogana longiceps Fennah, (A) Vertex and thorax, dorsal view; (B) head and thorax, left lateral view; (C) frons, normal view; (D) apical half of tegmen; (E) pygofer, anal tube and phallic complex, left lateral view; (F) processi of dorsal margin of right gonostylus, dorsal view; (G) phallic complex, right lateral view; (H) apex of aedeagus, right lateral view. Modified from Fennah (1978), courtesy of Annales Zoologici, Warsaw. margin emarginate in dorsal view (Fig. 4C), slightly sinuate in lateral view (Fig. 4A); gonostyli elongate, with ventral margin slightly convex in lateral view (Fig. 4A), dorsal margin with 3 hooks in middle, first projecting dorsally, second internally and third laterad (Figs 4A, B); aedeagus elongate and complicated, with large strongly furcate process projecting anteriorly on left side (Fig. 4D); ventral branch of process larger than dorsal and margin of dorsal branch with small teeth; furcate process projecting anteriorly on right side (Fig. 4E), with posterior branch much smaller than anterior; strong hooked process ventrally, projecting posterad, on right side; periandrium strongly asymmetrical (Figs 4D F), with a hooked process projecting antero-laterally on left side near base, on right side, rounded lamina projecting laterally near base, followed by elongate, hook-shaped process roundly projecting antero-laterally; left side of periandrium projecting posteriorly into a laminate, then narrow, very elongate sinuous process reaching nearly apex of aedeagus. Sogana longiceps Fennah, 1978 (Figs 5 6) Figure 6. Distribution of the species of Sogana in Vietnam. Note. The species was described by Fennah (1978) from Chi Nê, near Hanoi (coordinates: N E). The mentions from China by Chou & al (1985) and Liang & Wang (2008) are regarded as erroneous as they are based on female specimens which do not match Fennah s (1978) illustrations of the species (obvious in the shape of vertex and frons).

7 TROPIDUCHIDAE: SOGANA FROM VIETNAM (HEMIPTERA) 77 The holotype was neither found in the collections of the Museum and Institute of Zoology, Warsaw, Poland (A. Stroiński, pers. comm.) nor in the Natural History Museum, London, UK (M. Webb, pers. comm.). DISCUSSION Recent collecting trips to Vietnam have allowed to discover two new species of Sogana during the period of three years, while only one species was known for the country for 35 years. It is obvious that many more species will be discovered in the future, in Vietnam and in other areas of SE Asia. The use of canopy fogging (see also Constant 2009 & 2010a, b) should also allow to conduct a better sampling not only for that genus but also for many other representatives of Tropiduchidae. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank Mr Alain Pauly (RBINS) for his kind help with the photographs, Dr Patrick Grootaert and Mr Pol Limbourg (RBINS) for their comments and permanent support. Dr Dariusz Iwan and Dr Adam Stroiński (Museum and Institute of Zoology, Warsaw, Poland) kindly authorized the use of Fennah s (1978) original drawings to illustrate the present paper. I thank Mr Mick Webb (Natural History Museum, London, U.K.) and Dr Adam Stroiński for the information about the type of Sogana longiceps. The authors collecting trips were supported through a grant issued by the capacity building Programme of the Belgian Global Taxonomic Initiative National Focal Point that runs with financial support from the Belgian Directorate- General for Development Cooperation. REFERENCES Chou, I., Lu, J. S., Huang, J. & S. Z. Wang Economic Insect Fauna of China. Fasc. 36. Homoptera: Fulgoroidea. Science Press, Beijing, China, 152 pp., 2 pls. [In Chinese, English summary p. 137.] Constant, J Révision des Eurybrachidae (I). Le genre Amychodes Karsch, 1895 (Homoptera: Fulgoromorpha: Eurybrachidae). Bulletin de l Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique; 74: Constant, J Revision of the Afrotropical genus Scolopsomorpha (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae). Zootaxa, 2219: Constant, J. 2010a. Sogana from the Greater Sunda (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae). Zootaxa, 2693: Constant, J. 2010b. Extension of the genus Paruzelia (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae) to Borneo with the discovery of a new species. Zootaxa, 2716: Fennah, R. G Fulgoroidea (Homoptera) from Vietnam. Annales Zoologici, 34(9): Fennah, R. G A tribal classification of the Tropiduchidae (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea), with the description of a new species on tea in Malaysia. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 72: Lallemand, V Notes sur quelques espèces recueillies par le R. Piel (Musée Heude, Shanghai) et le R. P. de Cooman (Hoa Binh, Tonkin). Notes d Entomologie Chinoise, 9(4): Liang, A.-P. and R. R. Wang A review of the Oriental planthopper genus Sogana Matsumura 1914 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae) with description of three new species. Zootaxa 1732: Matsumura, S Beitrag zur kenntnis der Fulgoriden Japans. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 12: Melichar, L Monographie der Tropiduchiden. Verhandlungen des naturforshenden Vereines in Brünn 53: Received: February 5, 2013 Accepted: March 8, 2013