Biogeography. Lecture 15

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1 Biogeography. Lecture 15 Alexey Shipunov Minot State University March 21, 2016 Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

2 Outline Reptiles and amphibians Overview Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

3 Outline Reptiles and amphibians Overview Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

4 Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

5 phylogeny Phylogenetically, birds are subgroup of theropod dinosaurs Molecular phylogeny is not yet stable, morphological trees are much better Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

6 One of recent molecular trees (Burleigh et al., 2014) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

7 Another recent molecular tree (Prum et al., 2015) (1) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

8 Another recent molecular tree (Prum et al., 2015) (2) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

9 Morphological overview of birds (Livezey et al., 2007) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

10 A: non-flying birds, ostrich and others Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

11 B: Galloanseres, chicken and ducks Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

12 C: seabirds Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

13 Pelecaniformes: Cormorants Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

14 Pelecaniformes: Herons Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

15 Pelecaniformes: Pelicans Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

16 Procellariiformes: Shearwaters Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

17 D: cranes, gulls and others Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

18 Charadriiformes: Gulls Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

19 Charadriiformes: Sandpipers Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

20 Gruiformes: Rails Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

21 E: birds of prey, cuckoos, parrots, doves Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

22 Psittaciformes: Parrots Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

23 Columbiformes: Doves Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

24 Cuculiformes: Cuckoos Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

25 Falconiformes: Falcon and hawk Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

26 Strigiformes: Owls Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

27 F: swifts, hummingbirds and others Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

28 Apoditiformes: Hummingbirds Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

29 Apoditiformes: Swifts Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

30 Caprimulgiformes: Nightjars Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

31 Trogoniformes: Trogons Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

32 G: woodpeckers, songbirds and others Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

33 Coraciiformes: Todies Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

34 Piciformes: Woodpeckers Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

35 Passeriformes: Sparrows Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

36 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Reptiles and amphibians Overview Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

37 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Amphibians: very short overview Amphibia Gymnophiona: caecilians, legless amphibians Caudata: salamanders Anura Archaeobatrachia, e.g., tailed frog Mesobatrachia, e.g., clawed frogs like African Xenopus Hyloidea, e.g., Puerto Rican tree frog, coqui (Eleutherodactylus) Ranoidea, e.g., common frogs Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

38 Reptiles and amphibians Overview American tailed frog (Ascaphus) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

39 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Puerto Rican tree frog, coqui (Eleutherodactylus) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

40 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Reptiles: very short overview Reptilia Testudines, turtles Crocodilia, alligators etc. Sphenodontia, New Zealand tuatara Squamata, lizards and snakes Gekkota: geckos like Puerto Rican Sphaerodactylus Scincoidea: skinks like Puerto Rican Mabuya Lacertoidea: common lizards like Puerto Rican ameiva (Ameiva) and legless lizards (Amphisbaena) Anguimorpha: anguids like Puerto Rican Diploglossus Iguania: true iguanas like Puerto Rican Anolis or Iguana Serpentes: snakes like blind snakes (Typhlops) and Puerto Rican boa (Epicrates) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

41 Reptiles and amphibians Overview New Zealand tuatara (Sphenodon) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

42 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Gekkota: Puerto Rican gecko (Sphaerodactylus) in hotel Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

43 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Scincoidea: Mabuya Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

44 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Lacertoidea: Ameiva exsul Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

45 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Lacertoidea: Amphisbaena Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

46 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Anguimorpha: Diploglossus Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

47 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Iguania: Anolis Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

48 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Iguania: Iguana Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

49 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Serpentes: Typhlops Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

50 Reptiles and amphibians Overview Serpentes: Epicrates Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

51 Reptiles and amphibians Overview For Further Reading A. Shipunov. Biogeography [Electronic resource] onwards. Mode of access: Biological classification. http: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/biological_classification. Amphibians Reptiles Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, / 50

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