South Florida Master Gardener Training Household Pests

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1 South Florida Master Gardener Training Household Pests Dr. Bill Kern Ft. Lauderdale R.E.C. Entomology & Nematology Dept. University of Florida

2 Damage Food Pantry Pests Cockroaches Damage Stuff Cockroaches Some Ants Termites Carpet Beetles Clothes Moths Silverfish Crickets

3 COCKROACHES

4 Natural Foods Domestic Foods Preferred Leaf litter Wood Arthropods Fungi Algae Cheese Beer Sugar Meat Hair Wallpaper Artwork Old Paper Stamps Finger Nails Also require water but can survive for a long time without food or water

5 Ecological Groupings Domestic Only live inside structures. Peridomestic Live around structures and sometimes come in. Outdoors most native and some introduced species.

6 Comparison of cockroach sizes

7 Domestic cockroaches: never found outdoors German cockroaches Brown-banded cockroaches

8 The Asian Cockroach, Blattella asahinai

9 Domestic Cockroach Control Sanitation reduce harborage. Insect Growth Regulators (IGR s) Hydroprene (Gentrol) Pyriproxyfen (Nylar) Baits Bait stations Bait gels

10 Peridomestic Cockroaches Most are exotic. Most are large. Live outdoors and occasionally invade structures.

11 American Cockroach, Periplaneta americana

12 Newly molted: Albino cockroaches

13 Australian Cockroach, Periplaneta australasiae UF - IFAS

14 Brown Cockroach, Periplaneta brunnea UF - IFAS

15 Florida Woods Cockroach, Eurycotis floridana

16 Peridomestic Cockroach Control Exclusion seal openings. Baits use the large bait stations or gels. Treat Outdoor Refugia. Treeholes. Wood piles. Palms that retain boots.

17 Outdoor Cockroaches All native species, except Florida woods roach. Too dry indoors for these roaches to survive.

18 Surinam Cockroach, Pycnoscelus surinamensis Burrowing cockroach found in potted plants. UF - IFAS

19 Cuban Cockroach, Panchlora nivea

20 Giant Cockroach Blaberus giganteus

21

22 How are ants pests? Eat and contaminate food. Some can sting. Nuisance. Tend and defend aphids and soft scale.

23 Ant Body Parts

24 Wings Waist Antennae

25 Harmful Aspects of Ants: Role in human health: May be important as disease vectors but the potential not fully determined Bites and stings can be painful, dangerous, and even deadly

26 Crazy ant

27 Crazy ant Paratrechina longicornis.

28 Crazy Ants P. pubens

29 Carpenter ant

30 Florida carpenter ant, Camponotus abdominalis floridanus.

31 White-footed ants Node is hidden by gaster Light colored tarsae

32 Ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum.

33 Bigheaded ant, Pheidole megacephala. Dimorphic Workers major worker minor worker

34 Pharaoh ant

35 Pharaoh ant, Monomorium pharaonis

36 Stinging Ants

37 How do insects get their names? Sometimes by their behavior such as the Acrobat Ant Turn gaster up when disturbed

38

39 Red Imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Polymorphic with major workers and minor workers

40 Imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta. Polymorphic workers Queen

41 Little fire ant, Wasmania auropunctata

42 Little fire ant, Wasmania auropunctata

43 Twig ants, Acacia Ants, etc. Pseudomyrmex spp. Several species occur in Florida. This is the largest Florida species: Pseudomyrmex gracilis

44 Odontomachus brunneus Snap-jaw ant

45 Ant Control Exclusion seal openings. Baits - let them do the work. Do Not Spray Insecticides Indoors. Perimeter treatments 1 ft. up and 1 ft. out. Fire ants baits, drenches, injections.

46 Ant Control Bait

47 Ant Liquid and Gel Baits

48 Ant Liquid and Gel Baits

49

50 Granular Ant Baits

51 Ant Exterior Perimeter Sprays

52

53 Drywoods infest structures as alates Subterranean infest as mature colonies

54 Neotermes castaneus (Kalotermitidae) from Florida

55 Soldiers: based on mandibular dentation, and width of pronotum No cusps One cusp Multicusp mandible Narrow Pronotum Wide pronotum Rhinotermitidae Termitidae Kalotermitidae

56 DRYWOOD Labrum Pronotum Head capsule Mandible SUBTERRANEAN Fontanelle

57 C. brevis Amitermes floridensis Heterotermes sp. Neotermes jouteli

58 Florida P. simplex R. hageni A. floridensis N. jouteli I. snyderi C. brevis R. flavipes R. virginicus C. formosanus Kalotermitidae Rhinotermitidae Termitidae

59 Fig. F Coptotermes formosanus RHINOTERMITIDAE Heterotermes sp. Reticulitermes flavipes

60 Formosan subterranean termite Head is egg-shaped Fontanelle facing forward

61 Termitidae (higher subterranean termite) Rhinotermitidae

62 Alates Based on characters such as wing veination, wing color, wing texture, hairs on wings, and body color Wing veination Subterranean Drywood/Dampwood

63 R. hageni P. simplex R. flavipes R. virginicus C. formosanus Florida A. floridensis Rhinotermitidae Termitidae

64 Formosan termite alate

65 Dampwood vs. drywood termite

66 Dampwood termite wings

67 Reticulitermes tubing

68 Termite swarming

69 Subterranean Galleries

70 Treatment Methods Trenching

71 Treatment Methods Short Rodding

72 Treatment Methods Void Treatment

73 Treatment Methods - Baiting

74 Years: 0-2 Drywood Termite Colony Growth

75 West Indian Drywood Termite

76 Cryptotermes brevis wing

77 King Soldier Queen Pseudergate

78 Cryptotermes brevis soldier Phragmotic head

79 R.H. Scheffrahn UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA

80 R.H. Scheffrahn UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA

81 Whole-Structure Treatment: Fumigation & Heat

82 Fumigation

83 Compartmental Treatments: Heat & Cold N 2

84 Local Treatments: Wood Injection, Electrocution, Microwaves, Borate Sprays Borate PT-270 Electrocution Drill-&-Treat Microwaves

85 Drill-and-Treat Injecting termiticide: coverage NOT realistic:

86 Powderpost Beetles

87 Wood Destroying Beetles

88 Pantry Pests

89 Grouped by feeding habits: 1) Internal Feeders Larvae live entirely within whole grain kernels Rice Weevil, Granary Weevil, Angoumois Grain Moth 2) External Feeders Larvae chew on outside of grain Lesser Grain Borer, Drugstore Beetle, Flat Grain Beetle, Cadelle, Khapra Beetle, Cigarette Beetle

90 3) Scavengers Feed on broken grain Confused Flour Beetle, Red Flour Beetle, Sawtoothed Grain Beetle 4) Secondary Pests Feed on rotting, moldy materials Yellow Mealworm, Psocids, Some Mites

91

92

93 PESTS OF FABRICS Associated with wool and other animal hair and feather products in clothing, carpeting, furniture, and other household items. Will consume synthetics contaminated with nutritive material Broken into two groups: 1) Clothes moths and 2) Carpet beetles In both groups, only the larval stage is damaging Damage can also be caused by termites, crickets, cockroaches and silverfish

94 Black Carpet Beetle, Attagenus megatoma

95 Furniture Carpet Beetle, Anthrenus flavipes

96 Varied Carpet Beetle

97 Webbing Clothes Moth, Tineola bisselliella

98 Webbing Clothes Moth, Tineola bisselliella

99 Case-making Clothes Moth

100 Damage to Carpet

101 Paper Pests

102 Silverfish (Thysanura: Lepismatidae)

103 Booklouse Class: Insecta Order: Psocoptera Enlarged clypeus

104 Filth Flies

105 Humpbacked or Phorid Flies Phoridae

106 Vinegar fly or Pomace Fly Drosophila (Drosophilidae) Often called fruit flies or bar flies because larvae feed on yeast in fermenting fruit and spilt beer and wine at bars.

107 Moth fly Breeding media Drains Septic tanks Filter beds Wings with hairs Antennae long

108 Fungus gnat Class: Insecta Order: Diptera Family: Mycetophilidae

109 Plaster Bagworm

110 Springtail Order: Collembola

111 Earwig Order: Dermaptera Adults are 18 mm long. The body is reddish-brown. The legs, antennae, and wing covers are yellowish brown. A pair of so-called forceps, or pincers, is on the rear of the body.

112 Land planarian

113 Southern Black Widow Jet black above 2 reddish triangular marks on ventral abdomen that join to form an hourglass females 1/2 inch long

114 Red widow spider Black abdomen with red spots on top reddish cephalothorax and legs

115 Brown widow spider Brownish abdomen with red spots circled with white Broad orange hourglass on bottom of abdomen Cephalothorax is dark brown to black

116 Brown Widow Female with distinctive egg sac

117 Florida Bark Scorpion, Slender Brown Scorpion, Neotropical Scorpion Centruroides gracilis 1 inch

118 Hentz s Centruroides Centruroides hentzi 1 inch

119 IO moth (Saturniidae)

120 Flannel moth (Megalopygidae)

121 Puss moth (Megalopygidae)

122 Hag moth (Limacodidae)

123 Saddleback caterpillar (Limacodidae)

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