1-3. Student Packet. Form C (Mid-Year)

Transcription

1 1-3 Student Packet Form C (Mid-Year) Marcia Invernizzi Joanne Meier Connie Juel Virginia Department of Education University of Virginia Curry School of Education

2 Word Recognition in Isolation big can to not in play and we get he with run dog will you for is by at see 1

3 Word Recognition in Isolation jump this old have was one need into sun hid too rain that house blue look feet live said now 2

4 Word Recognition in Isolation long eyes sitting heat going moved pony began off boy clouds goldfish then colors started barn taste wet time cake 3

5 Word Recognition in Isolation fair easy wheel candy believe sure stone evening beside replied coins roar size without row taken clean wonderful hunt appeared 4

6 Word Recognition in Isolation thirsty chain scream understood shorter force notebook disappeared copy fortune weak husband flame exclaim cherry price root autumn upon fold 5

7 Word Recognition in Isolation adventure wound pupil cabbage cure average medicine slope creature prairie siren patient avenue duty ordinary parachute balance ostrich rhythmic stomach 6

8 Word Recognition in Isolation automatic chaos apprentice election circuit granite concentrate mineral stationary aluminum kernel pollution audience machinery neglect exhausted chamber astound fiber scholar 7

9 Word Recognition in Isolation fatigue gigantic merchandise architecture reference acquaintance chronic interfere technical consequence occupy specimen considerable privilege squadron gesture vegetation immigrant menace nuisance 8

10 Word Recognition in Isolation treacherous mutiny foliage victorious abroad lacquer satchel phenomenon conviction ornamental bristle circulate industrious interpretation symphony lieutenant circumference meteorite pension unique 9

11 Word Recognition in Isolation haphazard coronation persistence infuriate constable superb credentials prosperous embassy consolation masquerade unaccustomed cylindrical optimism brigade convincingly accommodation pasteurized bewilder carburetor 10

12 What is a Pet? A pet is an animal. A pet can be a friend, too. A puppy can be a great pet. You can give your puppy a name. Your puppy will lick your face and love you. You can play with your puppy

13 What is a Pet? A kitten can also be a pet. A kitten will sit on your lap. You can hug your kitten

14 What is a Pet? A horse is a big animal that can be a pet. You can ride a horse. You can feed it hay. A rabbit is a little animal that can be a pet. You can hop and jump with your rabbit. A pet can be your best friend. 13

15 Animal Coverings All animals have something covering them. Dogs have fur. Birds have feathers. People have hair. Fish have scales. Fur, feathers, scales, and hair keep their skin safe. Some animals use a shell to keep them safe. Some coverings help animals keep their bodies warm. Fur helps them stay warm in the winter. Fur also helps them stay cool in the summer by giving them shade. Some coverings keep the animals dry. Feathers keep birds from getting wet. Feathers keep the sun off of them, too. Coverings can help animals move. Feathers help birds fly. Scales help fish swim fast. The color of an animal s covering can help it hide, too. If the animal and its home are the same color, others can not see it. The color also tells other animals that they need to stay away. Coverings keep animals safe. 14

16 Deep in the Ocean Have you ever seen the ocean at night? If so, you know the ocean is not blue at night. Because the sun has set, the ocean looks black. It is dark deep beneath the ocean surface. It is so dark that you would not be able to see your own hand. You might wonder how sea animals find their way in the dark. Some sea animals stay near the top of the water. Near the surface, they can see in the moonlight. Other animals, like whales, swim deep in the water. In the deep, it is too dark to see with their eyes. So, whales use their ears! To find objects underwater, whales make sharp sounds. The sounds they make bounce off objects in the water. Whales listen for the sounds to bounce back. When they do, whales know exactly where an object is. Whales find food this way. They also know if their family is close by or if an enemy is near. Whales find most things using sound. To many people, the sounds whales make sound like music. Whale songs are beautiful, but useful too. Whales would get lost in the dark without their songs! 15

17 Clever Creatures Watch where you step! In nature, not all things are what they seem. You could step on a leaf and find out it is an insect. Why would an animal disguise itself like this? Many animals camouflage themselves because they don t have ways to fight off an attacker. The Hawk Moth Caterpillar is one such animal. Before turning into a moth, the caterpillar is small and very slow. It can t get away from a hungry bird. This caterpillar has a clever way to protect itself, though. There are spots on its tail that look like two eyes and a mouth. A hungry bird will see these spots and think the caterpillar is a snake. Scared, the bird will turn and fly away

18 Clever Creatures Other animals do not disguise themselves to hide. Instead, they disguise themselves to find food. Animals like the Leafy Sea Dragon camouflage themselves to surprise the animals they eat. This way, they do not have to go out to find dinner. Dinner comes right to them. When the sea dragon is hungry, it hides in the seaweed. Because its body looks like a branch of seaweed, it is camouflaged. Small shrimp will not sense danger and will swim through the seaweed. When the shrimp get close, the sea dragon will eat them. Whether it s to hide or to feed, animal disguises are very helpful. 17

19 Helping Paws If you have a dog, then you know why dogs are called man s best friend. Dogs are playful, protective, and very loving. All of these qualities have earned dogs the name man s best friend. These same qualities make dogs perfect for the very special job of helping owners with disabilities. Dogs with this job are called service dogs. Like most dogs, service dogs protect and love their owners. However, service dogs are much more than animal friends for people with disabilities. For some people, service dogs are the key to living independent lives. Rosa uses a wheelchair because she lost the use of her legs in a car accident. When she started using a wheelchair, Rosa had trouble doing some everyday tasks by herself. Rosa s sister had to turn off the lights at bedtime because the light switch in her room was too high. Rosa s mother would put on her shoes because Rosa could not reach her feet. Rosa did not want her family to do everything for her. She wanted to be independent. So Rosa s parents decided to get her a service dog. They contacted an organization that raises and trains service dogs and filled out an application

20 Helping Paws Rosa was happy when her golden retriever, Shep, arrived. Now, with Shep s help, she can do almost everything by herself. If Rosa needs something, all she has to do is give a command. Shep can put on Rosa s shoes and turn off her lights at bedtime. Shep is even trained to take laundry out of the dryer! Everywhere Rosa goes, Shep stays by her side. Even at school, Shep helps Rosa keep her independence. Shep might carry her lunch or pick a book off the floor. Service dogs are loving pets, but they are also helping paws. 19

21 Alaskan Journeys Where there is gold, men will find a way to reach it. Almost one hundred years ago, gold was discovered buried beneath the frozen Alaskan wilderness. To reach this gold, the men needed a mode of transportation. However, there were no cars or planes back then. Also, the land and climate were too cold and harsh for trains. As a result, men turned to dogs to reach the gold. The native people of Alaska used dogs bred from wolves and dogs. Today, these mixed-breed dogs are known as Alaskan Huskies. With their thick coats, Alaskan Huskies are safe from the freezing arctic winters. With their thick paws, they can run across snow and ice. Best of all they are very strong. The dogs are so strong that they can easily pull pounds each. Because of these physical characteristics, the native Alaskans knew that the Alaskan Husky was perfect for wilderness travel. Gold hunters knew this too, and decided to use Alaskan Huskies. With these dogs pulling sleds full of food and supplies, they knew they could reach gold

22 Alaskan Journeys The men who drove the sleds were called mushers. While the men rode on the back to steer, 8-12 dogs were needed to pull the heavy sleds. Even though the trail was long and dangerous, the mushers pushed and the dogs ran on into the wilderness. Today, mushers from countries all over the world come to Alaska with sleds and dogs to race on the same trail the gold seekers followed. This famous race is called the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race. Different than the gold rush days, there is no gold at the end of this trail. For the winning musher, there is a large money prize. For the winning dog team, there is a large plate of fresh meat. 21

23 Hope for Habitats Next time you go outside, count the number of trees that you see. Then, count the number of buildings. Chances are that there will be many more buildings than trees. At one time, forests covered much of the earth. Now, forests and other natural habitats cover only a small fraction of the planet. With each increase in the human population, more trees are cut down to make room for new homes and new workplaces. As more homes, office parks, and restaurants are built to sustain human life, the habitats needed to sustain animal life shrink. They shrink as we cut down the fields and forests where they feed, pollute the air they breathe, and empty trash into the waters where they swim. When an animal habitat disappears, some animals can adapt, or change, to survive in a new environment. Other animals cannot adapt as quickly to meet the demands of rapid changes. If an animal species cannot adapt, it may not survive and becomes extinct. Once an animal species becomes extinct, it is never again found on the earth

24 Hope for Habitats Many animal species have become extinct because they could not adapt. Some people think that dinosaurs could not adapt to sudden habitat changes and became extinct millions of years ago. Like dinosaurs, many animal species today face the same dangers as habitats transform. In fact, here in the United States there are hundreds of animals classified as endangered, or at risk of becoming extinct. But there is hope. For more than 30 years the bald eagle, a symbol of our country, was in danger of becoming extinct. Today that has changed. Federal protection and a ban on the pesticide DDT have brought the bird back from the brink of extinction. If we act now, we can help rescue many other animals and their habitats. 23

25 Penguins The penguin is a marvelous creature with a very intriguing way of life. Penguins are classified as birds, but they possess attributes that make them unique to the bird world. In fact, their curious behaviors have made penguins very popular subjects in books, documentaries, and films. The way in which most penguins travel delights observers of all ages. Penguins waddle on their feet or slide on their bellies across the snow. The sliding saves energy while allowing the penguins to move quickly. Penguins spend most of their lives swimming, using their wings as flippers to push them through the water. Did you know that scientists have identified close to 20 different penguin species? The tiniest penguin species is the fairy penguin, which is only 16 inches high. At four feet, the emperor penguin is considered the largest species. Although they vary in size, most penguin species have a similar diet, feeding mainly on krill, fish, or squid. It is interesting to observe the unique way in which some penguin species care for their young. Female emperor penguins lay a single egg, then leave to find food for the hungry chick when it hatches. The male penguin balances the fragile egg on his feet and keeps it warm with his feathered skin. After about two months, the baby penguin hatches from the egg, and the female bird returns to feed the chick. The male then leaves for a while to fish for his own food. Another amazing trait of penguins is their ability to endure harsh environments. Although some penguins live in Antarctica, they can be found on every continent below the equator! Some of these areas are considered the warmest and coldest places on earth. A few species survive the extreme cold by uniting together in large groups that are called colonies. 24

26 Volcanoes Volcanoes are one of the most intriguing features in all of the earth s geology. Volcanoes are landforms with vents, or holes, where molten rock, debris, and gas from inside the earth are released. This concentration of very hot materials builds up pressure. Then they are forced out in an event called an eruption. Eruptions can send out large amounts of ash and melted rock known as lava. Did you know that volcanoes are found all over the earth, as well as on other planets? Scientists who study volcanoes classify them in three ways as follows: active, dormant, or extinct. An active volcano is one that has erupted in recent years or might erupt at any time. Even though a dormant volcano is one that erupted long ago, it still has the potential to erupt again. An extinct volcano poses the least threat because it has no past record or current signs of an eruption. Volcanoes begin as subterranean formations deep below the earth s surface and even under the ocean floor. As lava and other debris escape from inside the earth, they slowly build up, thus causing the volcano to grow. As a result, new land and mountains on the earth and in the sea are formed. After a while, volcanoes under the water build up and can even form islands above the ocean, such as the islands found in Hawaii. Some of the earth s largest active volcanoes are found on the islands of Hawaii. A national park on the Big Island of Hawaii, where people can observe volcanoes first-hand, is popular among many visitors. Today many people in the world live and work around the bases of volcanoes that could still erupt. Because eruptions can be deadly, scientists who study volcanoes have set up stations where they can watch the volcanoes. In other words, the scientists use pictures, maps, terrain samples, and computer programs to try to predict how and when a volcano might erupt. 25

27 Lower-Case Alphabet Recognition m g i z r v h b w c x l s d n e j u t q f a k p o y 26

28 Letter Sounds Practice M B S R F W T O J A H K Sh V I P Z L C Th U E D Y G N Ch 27

29 Concept of Word Picture Sheet 28

30 COW Word List cow fiddle dish moon little over ran spoon jumped away 29