Geographic and Seasonal Characterization of Tick Populations in Maryland. Lauren DiMiceli, MSPH, MT(ASCP)

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1 Geographic and Seasonal Characterization of Tick Populations in Maryland Lauren DiMiceli, MSPH, MT(ASCP)

2 Background Mandated reporting of human tick-borne disease No statewide program for tick surveillance geographic distribution and seasonality of tick species not systematically characterized Opportunity recognized to compile and analyze data already being collected by the Maryland Department of Agriculture (MDA) through its Tick Identification Program

3 MDA Tick Identification Program MDA entomologist identifies ticks by MD residents Submitter provides the following: Demographic information Geographic location (town) of the tick encounter Date of collection The host (human, pet, or other) Anatomic site of attachment

4 MDA Tick Identification Program Entomologist identifies the following: type of tick life stage of the tick degree of engorgement Reports have been stored in paper format at MDA data have not been systematically characterized Submitted ticks not tested for pathogens

Ticks of Public Health Importance in Ixodes

Amblyomma americanum Ehrlichiosis Dermacentor

Tularemia Maryland Assessed at: http://www.dpd.

5 Ticks of Public Health Importance in Ixodes scapularis Lyme disease Anaplasmosis Babesiosis Amblyomma americanum Ehrlichiosis Dermacentor variabilis Rocky Mountain spotted fever Tularemia Maryland Assessed at:

6 PHASE Objectives Purpose: Characterize tick submission data collected by MDA Complement human tick-borne disease surveillance Create electronic data base for prospective use

7 Methods Literature search and review Designed and developed Microsoft Access database Entered data from Analyzed Data Described frequency of submissions Assessed trends of submissions according to month and life stage by year Assessed distributions of submissions by Maryland jurisdiction by year

8 Ticks Submitted for Identification to the MDA by Tick Species and Year, Maryland, (total number of submissions = 501) American Dog Tick - Dermacenter variabilis Black-legged Deer Tick - Ixodes scapularis 40 Lone Star Tick - Amblyoma americanum

9 Blacklegged adult ticks by month and year of submission, Maryland, January February March April May June July August September October November December

10 Blacklegged tick nymphs by month and year of submission, Maryland, January February March April May June July August September October November December

11 Lone Star adult ticks by month and year of submission, Maryland, January February March April May June July August September October November December

12 Lone Star tick nymphs by month and year of submission, Maryland, January February March April May June July August September October November December

13 Location of Blacklegged ticks and Lone Star ticks by Maryland jurisdiction 2009 Location of Blacklegged ticks and Lone Star ticks by Maryland jurisdiction

14 Limitations and Challenges Convenience sample Variability in how forms were completed Missing Data Mapping does not demonstrate intensity of host-tick encounters

15 Public Health Impact and Practice Addressed knowledge gap potential for development of public health activities Maryland DHMH has increased awareness of distribution and seasonality Aids in public health activity development Educational campaigns and/or environmental modification Electronic capture mechanism Fostered interagency relationships

16 Public Health Impact and Practice Professional Development Developed and designed database Conducting descriptive epidemiological analysis Geographic Information Systems Applied lessons learned from course work to real world public health problems Critical thinking and leadership skills Excellent mentoring

17 Acknowledgements Maryland Department of Agriculture Gaye Williams Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Katherine Feldman, DVM, MPH Erin Jones, MS SB Wee, MHS Heather Rutz, MCRP, MHS Kimberly Mitchell, MPH Mary Armolt

18 Questions?

19 References Bhate, Chinmoy and Schwartz, Robert A. Lyme Disease Part I. Advances and Perspectives. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011;64: Heymann, David L. Control of Communicable Diseases Manual. Washington, D.C.: Association of Public Health, Infectious Disease and Environmental Health Administration, Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. Available at: Assessed May 4, Killilea, ME, Swei A, Lane RS, et al. Spatial Dynamics of Lyme Disease: A Review. EcoHealth. 2008; 5: Infectious Disease and Environmental Health Administration, Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. Available at: Assessed May 1, Infectious Disease and Environmental Health Administration, Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. Available at: AL.pdf. Assessed May 5, Bacon RM, Kugeler KJ, Mead PS, et al. WMMR Surveillance Summary. Surveillance for Lyme disease -- United States, ;57(10): 1-9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Assessed May 5, 2012.

20 References Infectious Disease and Environmental Health Administration, Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. Available at: Assessed May 5, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ticks: Geographic Distribution. Assessed May 5, Glass, G.E., et al., Predicting Ixodes scapularis abundance on white-tailed deer using geographic information systems. Am J Trop Med Hyg, (5): p Zhang, X., et al., Economic impact of Lyme disease. Emerg Infect Dis, (4): p Sarwari, A.R., et al., Tick exposure and Lyme disease at a summer camp in Maryland. W V Med J, (3): p Malouin R, Winch P, Leontsin E, et al. Longitudinal Evaluation of an Educational Intervention for Preventing Tick Bites in an Area with Endemic Lyme Disease in Baltimore County, Maryland. Am J Epidemiol, (11): Armstrong PM, Brunet LR, Spielman A et al. Risk of Lyme Disease: Perceptions of Residents of a Lone Star Tick-infested Community. Bull World Health Organ, (10): Caroll JF and Kramer M. Winter Activity of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) and the Operation of Deer-Targeted Tick Control Devices in Maryland. J Med Entomol, (2): Carroll JF. A Survey for Nymphs of Host-seeking Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) on Tree Trunks in Deciduous Forests. J Med Entomol, (1):

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