SEX LINKED INHERITANCE & PEDIGREES
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1 SEX LINKED INHERITANCE & PEDIGREES A DAY: 5/17 B DAY: 5/18 ONLY 2 MORE CLASSES WITH NEW CONTENT
2 RETEACH AND RETAKE DURING FRESHMEN SEMINAR TODAY I WILL RETEACH THE MATERIAL ON THE QUIZ FROM LAST CLASS IF YOU WANT TO RETAKE THE QUIZ, YOU NEED TO COME TO F.S. AND GET RETAUGHT THE INFORMATION YOU WILL HAVE TIME DURING F.S. TO RETAKE THE QUIZ AFTER BEING RETAUGHT THE INFORMATION
3 QUICK REVIEW HOW MANY COPIES OF EACH CHROMOSOME DO WE HAVE? TWO: ONE FROM MOM & ONE FROM DAD HOW MANY PAIRS OF CHROMOSOMES DO WE HAVE? WE HAVE 23 PAIRS OF CHROMOSOMES WHAT DO WE CALL CHROMOSOMES 1-22? AUTOSOMES WHAT ABOUT THE 23 RD PAIR OF CHROMOSOMES? SEX CHROMOSOMES
4 SEX CHROMOSOMES THE EXPRESSION OF GENES ON THE SEX CHROMOSOMES DIFFERS FROM THE EXPRESSION OF AUTOSOMAL GENES GENES THAT ARE LOCATED ON THE SEX CHROMOSOMES ARE CALLED SEX-LINKED GENES IN HUMANS, WHAT IS THE GENOTYPE FOR A FEMALE? XX IN HUMANS, WHAT IS THE GENOTYPE FOR A MALE? XY MAKE A PUNNETT SQUARE TO SHOW WHAT PERCENTAGE OF BABIES SHOULD BE MALE VERSUS FEMALE ACCORDING TO PUNNETT SQUARES, 50% OF BABIES SHOULD BE MALE AND 50% OF BABIES SHOULD BE FEMALE
5 SEX CHROMOSOMES IF WOMEN HAVE A GENOTYPE OF XX, WHERE DO THEIR BABY BOYS GET THEIR Y CHROMOSOME FROM? DAD WHAT IS THE ONLY POSSIBLE SEX CHROMOSOME THAT MOM CAN GIVE TO A BABY? X BECAUSE SHE ONLY HAS X CHROMOSOMES IN HUMANS, THE FATHER DETERMINES THE SEX OF THE BABY BRITISH KINGS ARE RUMORED TO HAVE THEIR WIVES BEHEADED IF THEY DIDN T PRODUCE SONS. WHAT IS IRONIC ABOUT THIS BEHAVIOR.
6 SEX LINKED TRAITS HOW MANY COPIES OF EACH GENE DO WE HAVE? 2 COPIES OF EACH AUTOSOMAL GENE MALES ONLY HAVE 1 COPY OF THE X CHROMOSOME MALES EXPRESS ALL OF THEIR GENES ON THEIR X CHROMOSOME, EVEN IF THEY ARE RECESSIVE FEMALES HAVE TWO COPIES OF THEIR X CHROMOSOME
7 ME-WOW! IN SOME CATS, COAT COLOR IS A SEX LINKED TRAIT GENES ON THE X CHROMOSOME DETERMINE IF THEY ARE ORANGE AND WHITE, OR BLACK AND WHITE, OR ALL THREE (CALICO) LET S USE O TO REPRESENT ORANGE FUR AND B TO REPRESENT BLACK FUR X O X O = WHAT IS THE PHENOTYPE OF THIS CAT, INCLUDING SEX? X B Y = WHAT IS THE PHENOTYPE OF THIS CAT, INCLUDING SEX? WHICH OF THESE CATS ARE FOR SURE FEMALE?
8 SEX LINKED TRAITS IN HUMANS, THE FOLLOWING TRAITS ARE FOUND ON THE X CHROMOSOME: RED-GREEN COLORBLINDNESS RED AND GREEN APPEAR THE SAME BALDNESS LOSS OF HAIR ON THE HEAD DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY ABNORMAL SKELETAL AND MUSCULAR DEVELOPMENT HEMOPHILIA CANNOT STOP BLEEDING FROM INJURY; SPONTANEOUS BLEEDING ARE MEN OR WOMEN MORE AFFECTED BY THESE TRAITS? MEN, BUT WHY?
9 PEDIGREE SHOWING HEMOPHILIA INHERITANCE FOR A ROYAL FAMILY
10 PEDIGREES A PEDIGREE IS A CHART THAT TRACKS PHENOTYPES AND GENOTYPES IN A FAMILY PEDIGREES CAN SHOW WHO HAS THE TRAIT AND WHO IS A CARRIER FOR THE TRAIT BUILDING A PEDIGREE IS LIKE SOLVING A PUZZLE
11 PEDIGREES USE A SQUARE TO REPRESENT MALES & USE A CIRCLE TO REPRESENT FEMALES WHEN A SHAPE IS COLORED IN, THAT INDIVIDUAL HAS THE TRAIT WHEN A SHAPE IS NOT COLORED IN, THAT INDIVIDUAL DOES NOT HAVE THE TRAIT WHAT DOES IT REPRESENT WHEN A SHAPE IS PARTIALLY COLORED IN?
12 PEDIGREES A HORIZONTAL LINE BETWEEN TWO PEOPLE SHOW THEY ARE A COUPLE (I.E. MARRIED) A VERTICAL LINE BETWEEN TWO PEOPLE SHOW THEY HAVE REPRODUCED A HORIZONTAL ABOVE TWO PEOPLE SHOW THEY ARE SIBLINGS
13 BOOK NOTES TURN TO PAGE 214 AND READ THROUGH THE TWO PEDIGREES ON 215 WHY ARE ALL OF THE CARRIERS OF COLOR BLINDNESS FEMALES? WHY ARE ONLY MALES AFFECTED IN THIS PEDIGREE? WHY CAN WE NOT BE SURE OF THE GENOTYPE FOR PERSON NUMBER 5?
14 PEDIGREES QUICK QUIZ WHAT IS THE PHENOTYPE OF INDIVIDUAL #1? WHAT IS THE GENOTYPE OF INDIVIDUAL #1? PHENOTYPE = HAVE THE TRAIT & GENOTYPE = WHAT IS THE PHENOTYPE OF INDIVIDUAL #2? WHAT IS THE GENOTYPE OF INDIVIDUAL #2? PHENOTYPE = CARRIER & GENOTYPE = #1 #2
15 ARE MALES OR FEMALES MORE AFFECTED BY HEMOPHILIA? WHY?
16 PEDIGREE OVERVIEW ARE CARRIERS OF A DISEASE HOMOZYGOUS OR HETEROZYGOUS? CAN MEN BE CARRIERS OF AUTOSOMAL DISEASES? WHAT ABOUT SEX-LINKED DISEASES? BALDNESS IS SEX-LINKED (X-CHROMOSOME) RECESSIVE DISORDER. IF A MAN S FATHER HAS A FULL HEAD OF HAIR INTO OLD AGE, DOES THAT MEAN THE MAN CAN EXPECT TO ALSO KEEP HIS HAIR INTO OLD AGE? WHY OR WHY NOT?
17 IN CLASS ASSIGNMENTS FIRST, YOU WILL MAKE A BABY A MARTIAN BABY SECOND, YOU WILL NEED TO COMPLETE A PEDIGREE WORKSHEET THIRD, COME AND GET A PASS FOR FRESHMAN SEMINAR IF YOU NEED TO RETAKE THE QUIZ
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