THE LAYER CHICKEN INDUSTRY IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA STATUS OF THE INDUSTRY IN 2014 AND PROSPECTS FOR 2015

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1 THE LAYER CHICKEN INDUSTRY IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA STATUS OF THE INDUSTRY IN 2014 AND PROSPECTS FOR 2015 SUMMARY In 2014, there were 5 layer breeding companies operating in Peninsular Malaysia with a total female parent stock population of 504,341 birds. There is no Grand Parent Stock layer farm. The breeds used were Hisex-brown, Lohmann Brown, Dekalb and Novogen. The principal breeds were Lohmann Brown and Hisex-brown which accounts for about percent of the total parent stock. The layer parent stock was imported from the European Union countries. The day-old layer pullet production in 2014 was million birds. The projected production for 2015 is million birds. The traded ex-farm price of day-old pullet ranged from RM2.00 RM2.50. Egg production was 10,307 million in The projected production for 2015 is 10,464 million eggs. In 2014, a total of 1,504 million eggs were exported. The annual average ex-farm price of egg was cents. The annual average cost of production was 32 cents. SURVEY METHODOLOGY AND DATA COLLECTION The survey of layer breeding farms and hatcheries were conducted during the month of June, July and August During the survey, data and information were collected to prepare this report. Data were analysed on a regional basis i.e. Northern (Perlis, Kedah Penang and Perak), Central (Selangor, Negeri Sembilan and Malacca), Southern (Johore) and East Coast (Pahang, Terengganu, Kelantan). BREEDER FARMS AND PRODUCTION CAPACITY Number of Breeder Companies In 2014, there were 5 layer breeding companies with a total of 28 farms in operation. There is one company each in the Northern and Southern region while three are in the Central region (Table 1). Holding Stock Capacity Holding stock of breeders by the breeding companies ranged from the smallest with about 24 thousand birds to the largest with more than 231 thousand birds (Table 2). Production Capacity The annual production capacity of day-old pullets by the smallest parent stock company was about 2.38 million chicks while the largest company produced about million chicks (Table 3). 1

2 Table 1: Region Number of Layer Breeding Companies in 2014 Number of Number of Companies Farms Southern (Johore) 1 12 Central (Malacca, N. Sembilan, 3 12 Selangor) Northern (Perak, Penang, Kedah, 1 4 Perlis) Eastern (Pahang, Terengganu, Kelantan) 0 0 Total 5 28 Table 2: Number of Companies according to Holding Stock in 2014 Number of Breeders ('000 birds) Table 3: Number of Companies 15 - < < < < < Production Capacity of Layer Breeding Companies In 2014 LAYER PARENT STOCK Annual Production Capacity (Million Day-old Pullets) Number of Companies Stock The total standing population and annual replacement stock of the layer parent stock in 2014 was 504,341 birds and 409,533 birds respectively as in Table 4. Below to < to < to < Total 5 Table 4: Standing Population and the Annual Replacement of Layer Parent Stock According to Region Region Number of Female Parent Stocks (Forecast) Standing Replacement Standing Replacement Standing Replacement population stock population stock population stock Southern 187, ,651 98, , Central 184, , , , , ,351 Northern 106,503 73,124 97, , ,732 Total , , , , ,159 Breeds Five breeds were in the market (Table 5). Lohman Brown was the principal breed and accounted for percent of the population. The Hisex Brown and Novogen had declined in demand in The day-old parent stock was imported from the European Union namely Germany, Holland and France (Table 6). Table 5: Breeds and Market Share of Layer Parent Stock Table 6: Sources of Supply of Day-old Female Parent Stock (%) Breed Hisex Brown Lohmann Brown Dekalb 0 0 ISA Brown 0 0 Novogen Year Country of Origin European Union: 100% 100% a. Holland b. Germany c. France d. United Kingdom 0 0 2

3 THE PRODUCTION SCENARI0 IN YEAR 2014 AND 2015 Day-old Layer Pullets Production The number of day-old pullets produced as forecasted in the previous year were revised. The revised production figure for 2014 was about million birds (Table 7). The projection for 2015 is million birds (Table 8). The weekly production ranged between 0.64 million to 0.82 million birds in 2014 and 0.49 to 0.83 million birds in Day-old Layer Pullets Price The ex-farm prices varied between producers. In 2014, the chick prices were between RM2.00 to RM2.50. Egg Price The ex-farm prices of eggs fluctuated weekly within the grades (Table 11). The difference in price between minimum and maximum prices was about cents to cents each. The annual average ex-farm price was cents per egg (Grade C). Table 11: Annual Average Ex-farm Prices of Egg Year Prices (cents/egg) Table Egg Production The egg production as forecasted in the previous year was revised. The revised production figure was 10,307 billion eggs (Table 9) which is percent higher than in The projected figure for 2015 is 10,464 billion eggs (Table 10). The production ranged from million to million eggs daily in 2014 and million to million eggs daily in Import of products from egg In 2014, import of products from egg were 1,670 metric tons. Of the total products imported, 57.34% was in the form of egg product (mayonnaise and sauce) as in Table 12. Table 12: Import of various products from egg Products Quantity (metric ton) Egg Yolk Powder Egg White Powder Egg White Solid/ frozen Whole Egg Powder Egg Product (Mayonnaise & 2, Sauce Egg Albumin/Albumin powder Total 3,015 1,670 SPF Egg 194,400pc 199,800pc 3

4 Table 7 : Weekly Output of Day-old Pullets in Peninsular Malaysia 2014 Date (End of week) Weekly Output 7-Jan , Jan , Jan , Jan ,969 4-Feb , Feb , Feb , Feb ,613 4-Mar , Mar , Mar , Mar ,194 1-Apr ,212 8-Apr , Apr , Apr , Apr ,469 6-May , May , May , May ,597 3-Jun , Jun , Jun , Jun ,139 1-Jul ,545 8-Jul , Jul , Jul , Jul ,292 5-Aug , Aug , Aug , Aug ,794 2-Sep ,053 9-Sep , Sep , Sep , Sep ,667 7-Oct , Oct , Oct , Oct ,268 4-Nov , Nov , Nov , Nov ,201 2-Dec ,669 9-Dec , Dec , Dec , Dec ,026 Total 38,871,124 Table 8 : Weekly Output of Day-old Pullets in Peninsular Malaysia 2015 Date (End of week) Weekly Output 7-Jan , Jan , Jan , Jan ,804 4-Feb , Feb , Feb , Feb ,577 4-Mar , Mar , Mar , Mar ,683 1-Apr ,124 8-Apr , Apr , Apr , Apr ,157 6-May , May , May , May ,261 3-Jun , Jun , Jun , Jun ,619 1-Jul ,825 8-Jul , Jul , Jul , Jul ,539 5-Aug , Aug , Aug , Aug ,145 2-Sep ,355 9-Sep , Sep , Sep , Sep ,068 7-Oct , Oct , Oct , Oct ,442 4-Nov , Nov , Nov , Nov ,588 2-Dec ,291 9-Dec , Dec , Dec , Dec ,055 Total 34,770,224 Export of table eggs In 2014, about 1,504 million eggs were exported, decrease of 1.57 percent compared to 2013 (Table 13). Most of the eggs were exported to Singapore (1.5 billion) while the rest were exported to Hong Kong (33 million), Timor Leste (8.06 million), Macau (7.15 million), Maldives (0.65 million), Brunei Darussalam (0.32 million) and Thailand (0.11 million). The export value was about RM million. 4

5 Table 9 : Daily and Weekly Output of Table Eggs in Year 2014 Date (End of week) Daily Output Weekly Output 7-Jan-14 20,564, ,954, Jan-14 21,018, ,132, Jan-14 21,333, ,337, Jan-14 21,643, ,506,744 4-Feb-14 22,354, ,482, Feb-14 23,219, ,534, Feb-14 24,062, ,438, Feb-14 24,486, ,408,281 4-Mar-14 24,225, ,577, Mar-14 25,059, ,413, Mar-14 26,961, ,727, Mar-14 27,232, ,630,653 1-Apr-14 28,306, ,144,339 8-Apr-14 28,815, ,711, Apr-14 28,134, ,944, Apr-14 28,718, ,031, Apr-14 28,780, ,463,861 6-May-14 28,953, ,677, May-14 28,944, ,609, May-14 29,163, ,147, May-14 29,919, ,435,335 3-Jun-14 30,704, ,928, Jun-14 30,511, ,581, Jun-14 28,830, ,811, Jun-14 28,992, ,945,825 1-Jul-14 30,141, ,989,977 8-Jul-14 31,504, ,531, Jul-14 32,055, ,389, Jul-14 31,213, ,491, Jul-14 31,317, ,225,153 5-Aug-14 30,893, ,255, Aug-14 29,232, ,627, Aug-14 30,093, ,651, Aug-14 28,550, ,856,868 2-Sep-14 28,211, ,482,161 9-Sep-14 29,246, ,727, Sep-14 30,158, ,108, Sep-14 30,931, ,523, Sep-14 31,646, ,527,182 7-Oct-14 30,848, ,937, Oct-14 29,154, ,083, Oct-14 29,374, ,620, Oct-14 29,465, ,258,107 4-Nov-14 30,455, ,188, Nov-14 31,081, ,568, Nov-14 31,082, ,578, Nov-14 30,023, ,163,230 2-Dec-14 28,408, ,859,146 9-Dec-14 28,185, ,301, Dec-14 28,595, ,166, Dec-14 29,040, ,284, Dec-14 30,581, ,071,416 Total 28,316,059 10,307,045,418 Table 10 : Daily and Weekly Output of Table Eggs in Year 2015(Revised) Date (End of week) Daily Output Weekly Output 7-Jan-15 31,875, ,127, Jan-15 32,610, ,271, Jan-15 30,969, ,785, Jan-15 30,692, ,848,876 4-Feb-15 28,633, ,433, Feb-15 29,518, ,632, Feb-15 30,141, ,992, Feb-15 30,326, ,284,816 4-Mar-15 28,078, ,551, Mar-15 28,707, ,955, Mar-15 29,006, ,042, Mar-15 29,549, ,843,986 1-Apr-15 29,468, ,278,991 8-Apr-15 30,203, ,425, Apr-15 30,733, ,137, Apr-15 30,890, ,232, Apr-15 28,601, ,211,069 6-May-15 28,649, ,547, May-15 28,509, ,563, May-15 29,159, ,114, May-15 28,201, ,410,319 3-Jun-15 26,947, ,635, Jun-15 25,500, ,500, Jun-15 25,770, ,391, Jun-15 25,893, ,253,512 1-Jul-15 26,778, ,446,741 8-Jul-15 27,639, ,475, Jul-15 30,026, ,184, Jul-15 30,846, ,928, Jul-15 27,990, ,931,974 5-Aug-15 31,767, ,371, Aug-15 29,022, ,159, Aug-15 24,611, ,277, Aug-15 27,494, ,458,464 2-Sep-15 27,435, ,049,128 9-Sep-15 27,453, ,171, Sep-15 27,779, ,457, Sep-15 27,466, ,262, Sep-15 26,991, ,942,072 7-Oct-15 26,459, ,219, Oct-15 27,579, ,057, Oct-15 28,638, ,472, Oct-15 28,785, ,497,276 4-Nov-15 27,617, ,323, Nov-15 27,034, ,242, Nov-15 28,782, ,480, Nov-15 28,343, ,404,142 2-Dec-15 29,103, ,726,627 9-Dec-15 29,828, ,796, Dec-15 30,160, ,125, Dec-15 30,333, ,333, Dec-15 30,339, ,374,202 Total 28,749,020 10,464,643,196 5

6 Import and Export of day-old layers Table 14: Layer Feed Prices In 2014, 80,490 day-old layer grand parent and 607,740 parent stocks with a CIF value of RM15.08 million were imported. No export of layer birds were reported. Table 13: Export of Table Eggs (mil.eggs) Month Prod Exp. Prod. Exp. January February March April 1, May June July 1, , August September 1, , October November December 1, , Total 11,123 1,231 10,307 1,454 Value (Million RM) 3, , *Prod. = Production, *Exp. = Export FEED PRICES In 2014, average layer feed price was RM1,770 per metric ton. The monthly layer feed price in 2011 and 2013 are as in Table 14. Month Price Movement ( RM / Mt ) January February March April May June July August September October November December Average There are 52 breeder and layer farms operating using closed-house system in 2014 (Table 15) Table 15: Distribution of Breeder and Layer Farms (Closed-House) Number of Farms State (Closed-House) 2012 Johore 12 Malacca 20 N.Sembilan 1 Selangor 5 Perak 4 Penang 1 Kedah 4 Perlis 0 Kelantan 1 Terengganu 0 Pahang 4 Total 52 6

7 CONCLUSION The scenario of layer industry in 2014 was not much different compared to the past years. The same issues in the broiler industry also affect the layer industry. Besides fulfilling the role to meet the protein requirement of the population, the industry has also been able to export table eggs to neighbouring countries. The export of table eggs in 2014 is 1.57 percent lower than the previous year. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The authors wish to thank Dato Dr Azmie Zakaria, Director General of the Department of Veterinary Services, Malaysia for his permission to publish this report. Sincere gratitude and appreciation is extended to Dr. Rosini Alias, Director of Livestock Commodity Development Division, Dr. Wan Mohd Kamil bin Dato Wan Nik for their invaluable advice and guidance. The kind co-operation and assistance from the officers of the Headquarters and State Department of Veterinary Services as well as the Management of all Poultry Breeding Companies involved in this survey are gratefully acknowledged. 7

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