Evaluation of plastic and Mylar flagging as repellents for snow geese (Chen caerulescens)
|
|
- Lindsay Katherine Barrett
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 USDA Natinal Wildlife Research Center Frm the SelectedWrks f Larry Clark 1994 Evaluatin f plastic and Mylar flagging as repellents fr snw geese (Chen caerulescens) J. Russell Masn Larry Clark Available at:
2 Evaluatin f plastic and Mylar flagging as repellents fr snw geese (Chert caerulescens) J. R. Masn* and L. Clark USDA/Animal and Plant Health Inspectin Service, Denver Wildlife Research Center, c/ Mnell Chemical Senses Center, 35 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA , USA The effectiveness f white flags, black flags and Mylar streamers as visual repellents t snw geese (Chen caerulescens) was evaluated. Five farms in Cumberland and Salem cunties, New Jersey served as test sites. At each farm, fur 1.12 ha fields were selected randmly, and then assigned t fur treatment cnditins: (a) white plastic flags (ne flag per.4 ha); (b) black plastic flags (ne flag per.4 ha), (c) Mylar streamers (ne streamer per.4 ha); and (d) stakes nly (ne stake per.4 ha). Frm 2 December 1992 t 24 March 1993, vegetatin samples and gse drppings were cllected in all fields. Drpping weights were significantly less in black- r white-flagged fields than they were in fields with Mylar streamers r bare stakes. Althugh vegetatin weights tended t increase in white- r black-flagged fields (and t decrease in fields with Mylar streamers r bare stakes), there were n significant differences. The results shw that white r black flags can ecnmically and effectively deter snw geese frm agricultural fields, at least when alternative grazing sites are available. Keywrds: gse; flagging; repellent Ppulatins f greater snw geese (Chen caerulescens atlantica) and reprts f crp depredatin by these birds are increasing thrughut the eastern United States (Annymus, 1981; Gauthier and Bedard, 1991). Althugh damage can ccur thrughut the winter, it is mst severe in late February and early March when the birds engage in premigratry fattening (Ankney, 1977). In New Jersey, rye, clver, winter wheat and grass turf are damaged, and farmers cmplain that vergrazing reduces crp yields (Bedard, Nadeau and Gauthier, 1986; Summers, 199; McKay et al., 1993). Damage als cmprmises nitrgen fixatin by rye and clver, and the ability f these cver crps t prevent wind ersin f the sil (Masn, Clark and Bean, 1993). Because geese are a vectr fr the transmissin f agriculturally imprtant pathgens and parasites (Masn et al., 1993), even farmers withut substantial gse damage t crps wrry abut visits by flcks t their fields. Chemical repellents such as methyl anthranilate may becme available fr gse damage cntrl (Cummings et al., 1991), but n substance currently is registered with the U.S. Envirnmental Prtectin Agency as a gse grazing deterrent. Existing legal cntrl strategies include hunting and harassment, planting unattractive cver crps and lure crps (Owen, 1978, 199; Gauthier and Bedard, 1991), and the use f auditry repellents (Cnver and Chask, 1985). Nne f these strategies is entirely effective, and additinal methds are being sught. One such methd may be the use f flags and streamers (Knittle and Prter, 1988; Heinrich and Craven, 199). *T whm crrespndence shuld be addressed /94/7/531-4 (~) 1994 Butterwrth-Heinemann Ltd During February and March f 1992, we evaluated the effectiveness f white flagging as a deterrent t snw gse grazing (Masn et al., 1993). During the 6- week trial perid, grazing damage in flagged fields was significantly less than it was in cntrl fields. This result is cnsistent with reprts cncerning the effectiveness f black flags and silver/red Mylar streamer tapes as waterfwl grazing deterrents (Knittle and Prter, 1988; Heinrich and Craven, 199; Summers and Hillman, 199). The present experiment was cnducted t evaluate whether white flags were mre effective than black flags r Mylar streamers as visual deterrents t snw geese. We suspected that differences might exist, since avidance f clurs (and, by extensin, flag types) may be species typical, there is n experimental evidence t supprt the use f black flagging, and Mylar streamer tape has been evaluated nly against Canada geese ( Branta canadensis). Materials and methds Study sites Five farms were selected in Cumberland and Salem cunties, New Jersey. On each farm, fur 1.12 ha fields, spaced at least.75 km apart, were selected randmly. This field size is cmmn fr New Jersey, a state where the average farm size is.6 ha (Bureau f Census, 1987). Selectin was based n a variety f agrnmic factrs including similarities f planting date, crp type, and barriers t the wind. Rye (Secale cereale) was planted in 16 fields, grass (Phleum sp.) in tw fields, and clver (Triflium sp.) in tw fields. Crp Prtectin 1994 Vlume 13 Number 7 5,31
3 Repellent flags: J.R. Masn and L. Clark Landwner reprts and ur wn bservatins between 1985 and 1992 indicated that all 2 fields cnsistently experienced grazing damage by snw geese. Prcedure On each f the five farms, the fur fields were randmly assigned t fur treatment cnditins (white flags, black flags, Mylar streamers, r cntrl stakes). These treatments were implemented n 24 and 25 Nvember Fr each field that received white r black flags, 25 rectangular flags were prepared by stapling plastic garbage bags ( cm) width-wise nt 1.2 m lengths f pine lathe. These flags were psitined in the ten fields in these tw treatment cnditins (n = five fields per cnditin). In all cases, ne flag was psitined in the centre f each acre (2.47 flags ha -1, 25 flags per field) t create a grid in accrdance with: (a) published recmmendatins fr the use f flagging as waterfwl deterrents (2.47 flags ha-]; Timm, 1983); and (b) prcedures fllwed during ur previus evaluatin f white plastic flags as snw gse deterrents (2.47 flags ha-l; Masn et al., 1993). The tp edge f each flag was ~.9 m abve the grund. Fr fields that received Mylar streamers,.9 m lengths f 1 cm wide red/silver Mylar tape were stapled width-wise t 1.2 m lengths f pine lathe. The streamers were psitined in the five fields in this treatment cnditin as described abve. Fr the five fields in the cntrl treatment, 1.2 m lengths f pine lathe were psitined as described fr flags and streamers. Within each f the 2 fields, fur transects were established between a randmly selected pair f adjacent lathe stakes. The endpints f each transect were marked by spraying the lathe with black paint. The length f each transect was measured using a Measure-master wheel (mdel n. MM3, Rlatape Crp., Spkane, Washingtn, USA). The mean transect length (+ standard errr) was m. Data cllectin began n 2 December 1992 and cntinued until 31 March By the end f the test perid, snw geese had migrated frm the study area. During the trial, n ther damage management technique was emplyed at any treated r cntrl field. Flags (white, n = 2, black, n = 1) and streamers (n = 6) were replaced during the curse f the trial when all flagging r streamer material had ripped free frm the lathe. At each visit t every field, the physical cnditin f flags and streamers was recrded. All fields were visited at 7-day intervals thrughut the test. During each visit, bservers walked the fur transects and cllected all gse drppings within 3 cm f the midline f the transect. In additin, at the centre f each transect, bservers cllected a vegetatin sample s that bimass culd be estimated. T accmplish this, the bserver tssed a.25 m 2 sampling frame ver his shulder and, using a pair f scissrs, cllected all f the abve-grund vegetatin within the frame. Sampling visits t each experimental and cntrl field lasted -- rain. After cllectin, drppings and vegetatin samples were immediately returned t the labratry, placed in a drying ven at 37 C fr 72 h, and then weighed. Weights were taken as indicatrs f gse numbers and grazing damage, respectively (Bedard et al., 1986; Summers, 199). Analysis We perfrmed a tw-way analysis f variance n ranks (Quade test; Cnver, 198) t determine whether the presence f geese at farms (as indicated by presence r absence f faeces) was different amng treatments. The blcks cnsisted f the nine sampling dates (2 January t 31 March) beginning with the first date that drppings were detected in fields. We used a tw-sided k-sample Smirnv test (Cnver, 198) t determine whether the snw gse pressure (as indexed by cumulative faeces per farm) differed acrss treatment types. Least squares regressins fr vegetative mass versus time were calculated fr the pre- and pstvisitatin perids fr each f the treatment types. Hetergeneity and tests f equality f slpes were estimated using a cvariance analysis (Snedecr and Cchran, 198) t reveal trends in vegetative grwth as a functin f the presence (r absence) f geese. Results Snw geese remained n the salt marshes and salt hay meadws near ur study sites until the end f January. At that time, geese were bserved mving nt surrunding agricultural fields in large numbers. This mvement was evident in ur index f field use by snw geese. The presence f geese n farms differed significantly as a functin f treatment (Quade test, t = 16, p <.1). Geese appeared n cntrl fields first, and cntinued t use these fields until their migratry departure. Next, geese were detected in fields with Mylar streamers. Finally, geese appeared in sme (but nt all) white- and black-flagged fields; this ccurred 4-5 weeks fllwing the first bservatin f geese in cntrl fields (Figure 1). Cnsidering nly thse fields used by geese, we fund that faeces mass differed amng treatments (Smirnv test, p <.25). The ttal cumulative faeces per unit length f transect was greater fr cntrl fields than fr fields with flags r Mylar streamers (Figure 2). Althugh vegetative bimass appeared t differ amng treatments, there was extreme variability within and amng sites. N transfrmatin was capable f eliminating this hetergeneity, and all slpes were statistically equal. Nevertheless, the data suggest that gse grazing negatively affected accumulatin f vegetative bimass, i.e. there was a tendency fr fields with geese t shw a zer r nn-psitive slpe, with the exceptin f fields with white flags (Figure 3). In this case, vegetative grwth appeared unaffected by the presence f geese. Discussin and management implicatins Snw gse drppings were first cllected in cntrl fields n 2 January and drpping weights frm these fields peaked n 3 March after a snwstrm. We 532 Crp Prtectin 1994 Vlume 13 Number 7
4 Repellent flags: J.R. Masn and L. Clark I White I.--// " I I I I I ' ',,, A D [] m It s34 '~t I Black r~ L-///I I I t~ 4 ~ I Mylar I I I v 3 2 :~ O ~ a Q) i i i i i i I i i i i! ~a i i i i i B ~ 8 /j~ a ~ n i i i i J i i i i i i i i i i i l C 1 3 m i e i......n _ A = ~ R - -.., m w W W W l _ i i i i l l J l l l l l l l l l D Time Figure 1. Number f farms (ut f a pssible five) where at least ne f fur transects cntained snw gse faeces. The panel inset depicts similarity amng treatments (underscre). Treatments were white plastic flagging, black plastic flagging, Mylar streamers, r bare (cntrl) stakes. Hrizntal ('13me) axis gives the date f bservatin (mnth/day) C~ 4. 3,5 3.O , i,,..... Date m m Figure 3. Vegetative bimass fr all transects sampled acrss all farms as a functin f sampling date fr cntrl (A), Mylar (B) black (C), and white (D) flagged fields. Fr panels A and B, pen circles and the assciated regressin (and upper and lwer 95% cnfidence limits) depict the relatinship between mass f sampled vegetatin per.25 m 2 and time fr the perid prir t the arrival f geese n fields. The pen squares and regressin depict the relatinship between vegetatin mass and time nce geese had arrived at the farms. Fr panels C and D, pen circles and the assciated regressin and cnfidence intervals (slid lines) depict the relatinship between vegetatin mass and sampling date fr the perid prir t the arrival f geese n fields. The slid squares and assciated regressin (dtted line) depict the vegetatin-time relatinship at thse farms visited by geese. The pen squares and assciated regressin (slid line) depict the vegetatin-time relatinship fr thse farms nt visited by geese during the perid when geese were visiting ther farms in the area 1. r,.) ~.5 N. Da~e Figure 2. Mean cumulative amunt f faeces per unit length f transect as a functin f sampling date. Treatments were white plastic flagging (@), black plastic flagging (i), Mylar streamers (i), r bare (cntrl) stakes ([~) cntinued t cllect drppings in cntrl fields until the last measurement date f the experiment (31 March). Fr Mylar fields, drppings were first fund n 2 February whereas in black- r white-flagged fields, drppings were first recrded n 16 and 23 February, respectively. Fewer f these fields were visited than either cntrl fields r fields with Mylar streamers. Nt surprisingly, cumulative faeces mass reflected the presence f geese in fields. Mean cumulative mass fr cntrl fields was significantly greater than the mean masses recrded fr flagged fields r fields with streamers. Crp Prtectin 1994 Vlume 13 Number 7 533
5 Repellent flags: J.R. Masn and L. Clark Althugh there was n statistically significant evidence f grazing damage, the present experiment des demnstrate that white r black plastic flags can effectively deter snw geese frm landing in fields. Mylar may als be effective fr this purpse. These findings are cnsistent with reprts cncerning the repellency f white flags (Masn et al., 1993) and Mylar streamers (Heinrich and Craven, 199; Summers and Hillman, 199). Because flags fashined frm garbage bags are cnsiderably less expensive than Mylar streamers (-US$.8 per unit versus US$1.2 per unit), we recmmend the frmer ver the latter. Further, we speculate that flagging may be even mre effective when cmbined with ther deterrent strategies, e.g. prpane cannns, harassment (Knittle and Prter, 1988; Heinrich and Craven, 199). Flagging may be a useful snw gse damage cntrl tl in lcatins ther than agricultural fields, and particularly when ther readily accessible feeding sites are available nearby. Fr example, flagging culd disperse geese in marshes where excessive grazing has substantial negative impacts (Kerbes, Ktanen and Jefferies, 199; Iacbeili and Jefferies, 1991; Hik, Jefferies and Sinclair, 1992). In a pilt test during the spring f 1993 (Dewey, 1993), results similar t thse reprted here fr upland agricultural fields were btained n a cmmercial salt hay meadw. We plan a mre extensive evaluatin f flagging in castal marshes during the winter f 1993/94. Acknwledgements We thank Shepherd Brthers Farms, Inc., Laning Brthers Farms, Inc., Maple Run/Level Acre Farms, Inc., Pplar Brands Farms, Inc., Srantin Farms, Inc., and Stella Farms, Inc. fr the use f their fields. J. Sillings, A. Mnteney, J. Flyd, C. Bggs and T. Casselman and S. Lewis helped install flags in fields. Funding was prvided by U.S. Department f Agriculture Cperative Agreement # [CA] between the Mnell Chemical Senses Center and the Denver Wildlife Research Center (DWRC). All prcedures were apprved by the DWRC Animal Care and Use Cmmittee. H.H. Heinrich f the New Jersey Farm Bureau prvided census infrmatin n average farm size. References Ankney, C.D. (1977) Feeding and digestive rgan size in breeding Lesser Snw Geese. Auk 94, Annymus (1981) A greater snw gse management plan. Can, Wildl. Serv. and U.S. Fish and Wildl. Serv., Atlantic Flyway Cuncil, Quebec, 26 pp Bedard, J., Nadeau, A. and Gauthier, G. (1986) Effects f spring grazing by snw geese n hay prductins. J. Appl. Ecl. 23, Bureau f Census (1987) Census f Agriculture, Vl. I, Gegraphic Area Series, Part 3, New Jersey State and Cunty Data, U.S. Department f Cmmerce, Washingtn, D.C.. 6 pp Cnver, W.J. (198) Practical Nnparametric Static'tics. Wiley, New Yrk, 493 pp Cnver, M.R. and Chask, G.G. (1985) Nuisance Canada gse prblems in the eastern United States, Wildl. Sc. Bull. 13, Cummings, J.L., Masn, J.R, Otis, D.L. and Heisterberg, J.L. (1991) Evaluatin f dimethyl and methyl anthranilate as a Canada gse repellent n grass. Wildl. Sc. Bull. 19, Dewey, J.A. (1993). The Effectiveness f Flagging as a Snw Gse Grazing Dewrrent in New Jersey Salt Marshes. Unpublished Master's thesis, Department f Bilgy, University f Pennsylvania, 32 pp Gauthier, G. and Bedard, J. (1991) Experimental tests f the palatability f frage plants in greater snw geese. J. Appl. Ecl. 28, Heinrich, J.W. and Craven, S.R. (199) Evaluatin f three damage abatement techniques fr Canada geese. Wildl. Sc. Bull. 18, 5-41 Hik, D.S., Jefferies, R.L. and Sinclair, A.R.E. 992) Fraging by geese, isstatic uplift and asymmetry in the develpment f saltmarsh plant cmmunities. J. Ecl 8, Iaebelli, A. and Jefferies, R.L. (1991) Inverse salinity gradients in castal marshes and the death f stands f Salix: the effects f grubbing by geese. J. Ecl. 79, Kerbes, R.H., Ktanen, P.M. and Jefferies, R.L. (199) Destructin f wetland habitats by lesser snw geese: a keystne species n the west cast f Hudsn Bay. J. Appl. Ecl. 27, Knittle, C.E. and Prter, R.D. (1988) Waterfwl Damage and Cntrl Methds in Ripening Grain: An Overview. U.S, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washingtn, D.C., 17 pp McKay, H.V., Bishp, J.D., Feare, C.J. and Stevens, M.C. (1993) Feeding by brent geese can reduce yield f ilseed rape. Crp Prt. 12, Masn, J.R., Clark, L. and Bean, N.J. (1993) White plastic flags repel snw geese (Chen caerulescens). Crp Prt. 12, Owen, M. (1978) Fd selectin in geese. Verh. rnithl. Bayern 23, Ges. Owen, M. (199) The damage--cnservatin interface illustrated by geese. Ibis 132, Snedecr, G.W. and Cchran, W.G. (198) Statistical Methds. Iwa State University Press, Ames, Iwa, 57 pp Summers, R.W. (199) The effect n winter wheat f grazing by Brent geese Branta bernicula. J. Appl Ecl. 27, Summers, R.W. and Hiilman, G. (199) Scaring brent geese Branta bernicla frm fields f winter wheat with tape. Crp Prt, 9, Timm, R.M. (1983) Preventin and Cntrl f Wildlife Damage. University f Nebraska Press, Lincln, Nebraska. 632 pp Received 2 September 1993 Revised 15 Nvember 1993 Accepted 16 Nvember Crp Prtectin 1994 Vlume 13 Number 7
5.1. What do we need to know before we start planning a canine rabies control programme?
5.1. What d we need t knw befre we start planning a canine rabies cntrl prgramme? Yu need t knw abut: The epidemilgy f rabies in yur area The reservir species in yur area Hw rabies is transmitted. This
More informationOfficial Swine Ear Tags
Official Swine Ear Tags Swine Identificatin 101: Understanding Swine Ear Tag Requirements Due t a cntinued emphasis n livestck traceability within state and federal agencies and the livestck industry,
More informationAPPLICATION FOR LIVE ANIMAL USE IN TEACHING AT COASTAL ALABAMA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
APPLICATION FOR LIVE ANIMAL USE IN TEACHING AT COASTAL ALABAMA COMMUNITY COLLEGE MARK WITH AN X IN THE BOX FOR ONE OF THE FOLLOWING AND TYPE YOUR CURRENT PROTOCOL NUMBER IF NEEDED: New applicatin Amendment
More informationThe Effect of Various Types of Brooding on Growth and Feed Consumption of Chickens During the First 18 Days After Hatch
The Effect f Varius Types f Brding n Grwth and Feed Cnsumptin f Chickens During the First 18 Days After Hatch H. G. BAEOTT AND EMMA M. PRINGLE Animal Husbandry Divisin, Bureau f Animal Industry, Agricultural
More informationThis facility has two approved variances on file with the Department, ATCP 16.18(1) and ATCP 16.20(3)(c)3.
Ridglan Farms, Inc. License type: Dg Seller (Dg Breeder/ Dg Breeding Facility) Breed(s): Beagle Website: http://www.ridglan.cm Hurs f peratin: Upn appintment Previus inspectin: 9/24/2014 (rutine) Veterinarian/
More informationFd Micrbilgy MODULE 4 - FOODBORNE BACTERIAL PATHOGENS AND THERMAL DESTRUCTION Objective On cmpletin f this mdule, participants will be able t: Identify the primary public health cntrls fr sme bacteria
More informationAPPLICATION FOR LIVE ANIMAL USE IN TEACHING AT COASTAL ALABAMA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
APPLICATION FOR LIVE ANIMAL USE IN TEACHING AT COASTAL ALABAMA COMMUNITY COLLEGE MARK WITH AN "X" EST THE BOX FOR ONE OF THE FOLLOWING AND TYPE YOUR CURRENT PROTOCOL NUMBER IF NEEDED: New applicatin Amendment
More informationChimera: Usability Test
Chimera: Usability Test Date f Reprt: Date f Test: Lcatin f Test: Octber 7, 0 Octber 5, 0 Bstn, MA Prepared fr: Timthy Bickmre Email: bickmre@ccs.neu.edu Prepared by: Email: Hudsn Klebs & Bryan Swrds klebs.h@husky.neu.edu
More informationANOPHELES SUNDAICUS IN SINGAPORE
Vl. 10, N. 1. SINGAPORE MEDICAL JOURNAL 57 March, 1969. A STUDY ON ANOPHELES MACULATUS AND ANOPHELES SUNDAICUS IN SINGAPORE By K. L. Chan (Entmlgist, Vectr Cntrl Unit, Ministry f Health, Singapre.) INTRODUCTION
More informationSecure Milk Supply (SMS) Plan for Continuity of Business August 2017
Secure Milk Supply (SMS) Plan fr Cntinuity f Business August 2017 Intrductin The Secure Milk Supply (SMS) Plan prvides a wrkable cntinuity f business (COB) plan fr dairy premises with n evidence f ft and
More informationGUIDE TO THE PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE STANDARD
GUIDE TO THE PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE STANDARD Veterinarian-Client-Patient Relatinship (VCPR) Published: July 2016 Revised: April 2017; Nvember 2017 Intrductin The Cllege s Prfessinal Practice Standard: Veterinarian-Client-Patient
More informationSMALL ANIMAL ORDINANCE Ordinance Amendments Section V.V Keeping of Animals
MEMO Date: Nvember 4, 2013 T: Alexandria Twn Bard Frm: Ben Olesn, Hmetwn Planning Zning Administratr, Alexandria Twnship Re: Zning Administratr s Reprt Dear Twn Bard Members: The Planning Cmmissin held
More informationTESTING APPLICATION CHANGES WITH IMPRIVATA ONESIGN
TESTING APPLICATION CHANGES WITH IMPRIVATA ONESIGN This dcument describes a suggested apprach t testing applicatin changes with Imprivata OneSign befre incrprating them int yur prductin envirnment. The
More informationAnnual report of the avian influenza surveillance in poultry carried out by Member States in 2006
EUROPEAN COMMISSION HEALTH & CONSUMER PROTECTION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL D1 - Animal Health and Standing Cmmittees 04 Veterinary cntrl prgrammes SANCO/10554/2007 Rev.1 Annual reprt f the avian influenza surveillance
More informationPolicy updates on Malaria Vector control
Plicy updates n Malaria Vectr cntrl Side event n DDT at the 7th COP Geneva, 5 May 2014 1 Crdinating Internatinal Investments in Malaria Vectr Cntrl GPIRM 2012 2013 Maintain and prmte up-t-date evidence
More information1 '~; c\ 1.Introduction
CHAPTER - H 1 '~; c\ REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR OP GERBILS V RETRIEVAL OP YOUN& 1Intrductin 'Retrieval 1 r carriage f straying r fallen yung t the nest by 1actating mthers, frms an Imprtant cmpnent f the maternal
More informationPRACTICE MANAGEMENT. Steven D. Garner, DVM, DABVP
PRACTICE MANAGEMENT Evaluatin f the effectiveness f VetPlan sftware implementatin in the facilitatin f prcess change and prductivity within the veterinary practice Steven D. Garner, DVM, DABVP Objective
More informationThe Effects of Egg Incubation Temperature on Post-Hatching Growth of American Alligators
CHAPTER 51 The Effects f Egg ncubatin Temperature n Pst-Hatching Grwth f American Alligatrs Ted janen ', Larry Mclvease ' and Mark W. J. Fergusn'' CHAPTER 51 r\ The Effects f Egg ncubatin Temperature n
More informationA Pan-Canadian Framework on Antimicrobial Resistance. Presentation to the National Farmed Animal Health and Welfare Council November 30, 2016
A Pan-Canadian Framewrk n Antimicrbial Resistance Presentatin t the Natinal Farmed Animal Health and Welfare Cuncil Nvember 30, 2016 PURPOSE Purpse T prvide an update n the develpment f a Pan-Canadian
More informationThe Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT) Joseph KAMGNO
The Centre fr Research n Filariasis and ther Trpical Diseases (CRFilMT) Jseph KAMGNO Plan Histry Presentatin Infrastructure Main research tpics Main achievements CANTAM Netwrk 2 Histry CRFilMT was created
More informationexamined in dogs from Boksburg
32 Table 3.1 Number and results f bld samples and adhesive tape swabs examined in dgs frm Bksburg Test Number tested Number psitive Percentage (%) Thin bld smears (Diff Quick) 132 1 (Babesia canis).8 Thick
More informationA STUDY OF CROSSBREEDING SHEEP K. P. MILLER AND D. L. DAILEY
A STUDY OF CROSSBREEDING SHEEP K. P. MILLER AND D. L. DAILEY University ] Minnesta 1 OST crssbreeding experiments reprted have used rams f M varius breeds in matings t Rambuillet ewes. One f the earliest
More informationLYME DISEASE THE BIG PICTURE
Lyme Disease Fact Sheet LYME DISEASE THE BIG PICTURE Lyme disease is the fastest-grwing vectr-brne disease in the nrthern hemisphere. Fr 2012, the Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin (CDC) recrded 30,000
More informationActivity 7: A Journey Through Time
Activity 7: A Jurney Thrugh Time Summary Students explre the histry f Whping Crane restratin effrts and the imprtance f imprinting by watching a DVD, creating a timeline, and writing a fictinal stry. Objectives
More informationThe Role of Nutrient Reserves in Mallard Reproduction
University f Nebraska - Lincln DigitalCmmns@University f Nebraska - Lincln USGS Nrthern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Wildlife Damage Management, Internet Center fr 1-1981 The Rle f Nutrient Reserves
More informationNADIS Parasite Forecast November 2018 Use of meteorological data to predict the prevalence of parasitic diseases
SQP CPD Prgramme As part f AMTRA`s nline CPD Prgramme fr livestck SQPs, each mnth AMTRA will send yu the Parasite Frecast which will highlight the parasitic challenge facing livestck in yur area fr that
More informationC.A.R.E. Pet Adoption Application & Contract
This sectin fr C.A.R.E. Use Only Puppy Dg Kitten Cat Pet s Name: Estimated DOB (r age): Breed: Clr: Micrchip #: Male Male/Neutered Female Female/Spayed Adptin Fee: $ Ntes: Cntact Infrmatin First Name:
More informationBEGINNER NOVICE OBEDIENCE. Beginner Novice Class ---replacing the old Sub Novice A, B, and C1 & C2.
BEGINNER NOVICE OBEDIENCE Beginner Nvice Class ---replacing the ld Sub Nvice A, B, and C1 & C2. Reasns: T make the first divisin f class mre accessible t all members in their first year f training. T remve
More informationOecologia. Limits to predator regulation of rabbits in Australia: evidence from predator-removal experiments. Off~orint requests to: R.
eclgia (1992) 89:1~112 eclgia 9 Springer-Verlag 1992 Limits t predatr regulatin f rabbits in ustralia: evidence frm predatr-remval experiments R.P. Pech 1,.R.E. Sinclair 2.E. Newsme 1, and P.C. Catling
More informationA STUDY OF RUTTING OF ALABAMA ASPHALT PAVEMENTS
A STUDY OF RUTTNG OF ALABAMA ASPHALT PAVEMENTS Final Reprt Prject Number ST 219-9 by Frazier Parker, Jr. E. Ray Brwn Auburn University Highway Research Center Auburn University, Alabama spnsred by The
More informationLife Long Health for Your Dog
Life Lng Health fr Yur Dg We at Lee Veterinary Clinic are grateful that yu chse ur clinic t help care fr yur pet. ur recmmendatins t keep yur pet healthy and happy fr many years t cme! Belw are Vaccinatin
More informationHow To... Why maintain broiler breeders within their thermal comfort zone post-brooding?
Hw T... Their Thermal Cmfrt Zne Why maintain briler breeders within their thermal cmfrt zne pst-brding? The thermal cmfrt zne is the temperature range within which a bird des nt have t expend energy in
More informationVARIATION IN PORCINE MUSCLE QUALITY OF DUROC AND HAMPSHIRE BARROWS 1
VARIATIO I PORCIE MUSCLE QUALITY OF DUROC AD HAMPSHIRE BARROWS 1 H. B. HEDRICK, R. K. LEAVITT AD M. A. ALEXADER University f Missuri, Clumbia OSIDERABLE research has been re- C prted cncerning physical
More informationANIMAL CARE PROTOCOL SUMMARY Greyhound Friends, Inc., Hopkinton, MA August, 2018
ANIMAL CARE PROTOCOL SUMMARY Greyhund Friends, Inc., Hpkintn, MA August, 2018 Greyhund Friends has thrughly rewrked ur existing staff and vlunteer prtcls, nt nly t ensure cmpliance with state regulatins
More informationAgriculture: Animal Health Technology. o Work Experience, General. o Open Entry/Exit. Distance (Hybrid Online) for online supported courses
SECTION A - Curse Infrmatin 1. Curse ID: 2. Curse Title: 3. Divisin: 4. Department: 5. Subject: 6. Shrt Curse Title: 7. Effective Term:: AGHE 54 Veterinary Office Prcedures Natural Sciences Divisin Agricultural
More informationHow To... Why bulk weigh broilers between 0 and 21 days?
Hw T... Bulk Weigh Brilers Between 0 and 21 Days Why bulk weigh brilers between 0 and 21 days? Rutine accurate estimates f average bdy weight allws: Accurate mnitring f live flck perfrmance. Identificatin
More informationThe Beef Herd Health Management Calendar
The Beef Herd Health Management Calendar, a cmputerized publicatin authred by Flrn C. Faries, Jr., DVM and Wayne H. Thmpsn, is available fr purchase n cmpact disk (CD-ROM) by cattlemen thrugh the AgriLife
More informationGulval School Pets in School Policy. June 2016
Gulval Schl Pets in Schl Plicy June 2016 Cntents 1. Missin Statement... 2 2. Intrductin... 2 3. Lking after a schl pet... 3 4. Handling Animals... 3 5. Diseases, parasites and allergies.... 4 6. Animal
More informationRevolution is an easy-to-administer, all-in-one flea treatment for cats and dogs that simply works inside and out for a full month.
What is Revlutin? FOR CATS: Revlutin is an easy-t-administer, all-in-ne flea treatment fr cats and dgs that simply wrks inside and ut fr a full mnth. Revlutin is extremely effective in keeping cats safe
More informationLabour Providers Survey 2016 A seasonal labour monitoring tool for Horticulture and Potatoes
Page 1 Circulatin: NFU Hrticulture and Ptates Bard Date: 06/11/16 Ref: Labur Prviders Survey 2016 Q1-Q3 Cntact: Amy Gray Tel: 02476 858 628 Labur Prviders Survey 2016 A seasnal labur mnitring tl fr Hrticulture
More informationNests of Swainson's Hawks in Solano and Yolo Counties
Nests f Swainsn's Hawks in Slan and Yl Cunties Laurence J. Resseguie, 01 Hrtaleza Place, Davis, CA 95618 I began mnitring a small number f nests f Swainsn's Hawks (Bute swainsni) in Yl Cunty in 1998. I
More informationZoo Based Wildlife Disease Surveillance Pilot Project. Project Report
Z Based Wildlife Disease Surveillance Pilt Prject Prject Reprt Keren Cx-Wittn, Australian Wildlife Health Netwrk Andrea Reiss, Z and Aquarium Assciatin Rupert Wds, Australian Wildlife Health Netwrk 20
More informationSOME PREY PREFERENCE FACTORS FOR A L. SNYDER
SOME PREY PREFERENCE FACTORS FOR A RED-TAILED HAWK RN L. SNYDER SEW AL studies have reprted selectin against cnspicuus prey. Dice (1947) reprted differential selectin against cnspicuus phentypes f mice
More informationMANAGEMENT PRACTICES (Handling)
MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (Handling) Handling: Sheep & gats at Shne Farm are t be handled quietly, calmly and humanely in rder t prevent stress and fr handlers t gain desired results. It is best fr a handler
More informationSOW PRODUCTIVITY TRAITS OF CROSSBRED SOWS 1,2
SOW PRODUCTIVITY TRAITS OF CROSSBRED SOWS 1,2 K. J. Drewry Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 Summary Bar breed, sw crss and breed grup effects were evaluated fr sw prductivity traits including
More informationAgriculture: Animal Science-General Subjects. o Work Experience, General. o Open Entry/Exit. Distance (Hybrid Online) for online supported courses
SECTION A - Curse Infrmatin 1. Curse ID: 2. Curse Title: 3. Divisin: 4. Department: 5. Subject: 6. Shrt Curse Title: 7. Effective Term:: AGAN 51 Animal Handling and Restraint Natural Sciences Divisin Agricultural
More information4-H & FFA JUNIOR LIVESTOCK AUCTION Saturday, August 11, 2018, 11 a.m.
2018 Clark Cunty Fair Exhibitr Guide 4-H & FFA Junir Livestck Auctin Lcatin: Beef Shw Ring Page 1 f 5 4-H & FFA JUNIOR LIVESTOCK AUCTION Saturday, August 11, 2018, 11 a.m. JLA Chairpersn: JLA Superintendent:
More informationThe Global Momentum for AMR Moving from Knowledge to Action
The Glbal Mmentum fr AMR Mving frm Knwledge t Actin Cmbating Antimicrbial Resistance: A One Health Apprach Natinal Academy f Medicine Washingtn DC 20 June 2017 Keiji Fukuda Since 20th century t nw Intense
More informationPoultry supply functions (The relation of technical change to output of eggs, broilers and turkeys)
Vlume 34 Number 505 Pultry supply functins (The relatin f technical change t utput f eggs, brilers and turkeys) Article 1 May 1962 Pultry supply functins (The relatin f technical change t utput f eggs,
More informationStress-free Stockmanship
Stress-free Stckmanship Autr: Jep Driessen Date: June 2017 Bergharen, the Netherlands Inspired by Bud Williams, Texas. Prbably the best cattle stckman ever. Online training n Stress-free stckmanship Sign
More informationWorldwide initiative to control AMR and role of antimicrobial stewardship
GCCMID Dubai, May 2016 Wrldwide initiative t cntrl AMR and rle f antimicrbial stewardship U. Theuretzbacher Center fr Anti-Infective Agents, Vienna, Austria Extensively resistant Gram-negatives Percentage
More informationAgenda Item 4 CX/AMR 17/5/5 September 2017
E Agenda Item 4 CX/AMR 17/5/5 September 2017 JOINT FAO/WHO FOOD STANDARDS PROGRAMME AD HOC CODEX INTERGOVERNMENTAL TASK FORCE ON ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE Fifth Sessin PROPOSED DRAFT REVISION OF THE CODE
More informationAgriculture: Animal Health Technology. o Work Experience, General. o Open Entry/Exit. Distance (Hybrid Online) for online supported courses
SECTION A - Curse Infrmatin 1. Curse ID: 2. Curse Title: 3. Divisin: 4. Department: 5. Subject: 6. Shrt Curse Title: 7. Effective Term:: AGHE 65 Veterinary Radigraphy Natural Sciences Divisin Agricultural
More informationPrevalence and risk factors for limb and claw lesions and lameness in young sows
Prevalence and risk factrs fr limb and claw lesins and lameness in yung sws A. J. Quinn 1, 2, L. E. Green 2, A. L. Kilbride 2, L. A. Byle 1 1 Pig Develpment Department, Animal & Grassland Research & Innvatin
More informationVBS FOLLOW UP CONFERENCE PLAN (1 HOUR)
VBS Fllw Up Cnference Plan 1 VBS FOLLOW UP CONFERENCE PLAN (1 HOUR) Purpse Statement This teaching plan is designed t intrduce VBS leaders t effective strategies fr fllwing up with individuals and families
More informationTHE HUMANE SOCIETY OF THE UNITED STATES Cape Wildlife Center 4011 Main St. (Route 6A), Barnstable, MA Phone: (508) Fax: (508)
THE HUMANE SOCIETY OF THE UNITED STATES Cape Wildlife Center 4011 Main St. (Rute 6A), Barnstable, MA 02630 Phne: (508) 362-0111 Fax: (508) 362-0268 Cntact: raguilar@humanesciety.rg Prfessinal Training
More informationrabbit care 101 Brother Wolf thanks you! This basic care guide will help you keep your pet healthy and happy. You ll learn about:
rabbit care 101 This basic care guide will help yu keep yur pet healthy and happy. Yu ll learn abut: Prper diet Handling Husing, Litter bx training, and rabbit prfing Rabbit behavirs and hw t identify
More informationMeeting Notes MHC Unwanted Horse Project, Tuesday, 8/3/10
Meeting Ntes MHC Unwanted Hrse Prject, Tuesday, 8/3/10 Review f Missin: Gather infrmatin abut the nature and extent f unwanted hrses in Maryland. Prvide infrmatin and recmmendatins t the Maryland Hrse
More informationWater consumption pattern of laying hens under hot humid conditions
Water cnsumptin pattern f laying hens under ht humid cnditins N S B M Atapattu and V L G Gamage Department f Animal Science, Faculty f Agriculture, University f Ruhuna, Mapalana, Kamburupitiya Abstract
More informationSTUDY PROTOCOL. Doctor of Pharmacy Student, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia,
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylcccus aureus Infectin in a Tertiary Care Hspital in Rural British Clumbia: A Retrspective Study f Resistance Patterns and Empiric Antibitic Therapy STUDY PROTOCOL Nicle Bruchet,
More informationExpenses as per current volunteer arrangements
Educatin Vlunteer Rles and respnsibilities Educatin Vlunteer rle descriptin Rle Descriptin Expenses Hurs: Lcatin: Respnsible t: Educatin Vlunteer Expenses as per current vlunteer arrangements Variable
More informationGuidance Document. for. Animal Fibres
Guidance Dcument fr ANFIBRES.ALL Ministry f Agriculture and Frestry P.O Bx 2526 Wellingtn 6011 New Zealand Guidance Dcument fr the Imprt Health Standard xx xxxxxxxx 2012 1 f 15 Cntents Part A. Intrductin...3
More informationPORTUGUESE WATER DOG CLUB OF AMERICA, INC BREEDER REFERRAL PROGAM & LITTER LISTING AGREEMENT. Introduction
PORTUGUESE WATER DOG CLUB OF AMERICA, INC. 2017 BREEDER REFERRAL PROGAM & LITTER LISTING AGREEMENT Intrductin Dedicated, respnsible breeders f Prtuguese Water Dgs ( PWD ) adhere t a set f principles designed
More informationAnimal ID Entry 4HOnline HelpSheet
Lg in t 4HOnline: Open a web brwser and type in: https://iwa.4hnline.cm On the Iwa 4-H Yuth Develpment Lg In page: 1. Click "I have a Prfile." 2. Enter family email address prvided t Extensin Office. 3.
More informationRegulating breeding and sales of dogs to minimize dog abandonment, animal abuse and over-breeding
Regulating breeding and sales f dgs t minimize dg abandnment, animal abuse and ver-breeding Animals Asia Fundatin Animal Welfare Directr David Neale Ideally a dg ppulatin shuld be regulated t meet the
More informationHind Leg Paralysis. By Suz Enyedy
Hind Leg Paralysis By Suz Enyedy Special Thanks are given t Burbn, Teresa (Dancing), Chris (glidrz5), and Jen (Xfilefan) fr their assistance t me in cmpiling infrmatin fr this article. Als knwn as HLP,
More informationCFA by the Numbers. Dick Kallmeyer, CFA Vice-President
CFA by the Numbers Dick Kallmeyer, CFA Vice-President A cmpendium f statistics n the 2015-16 Shw Seasn, with cmparisns t prir shw seasns fr Registratins, Breeds, Grands, Catteries and Judges. Index: Registratins
More informationCOAT COLOURS DESCRIPTION
COAT COLOURS DESCRIPTION There are several thusands f cat clurs amng the cats. This nmenclature is a cmprmise between lgic, which allws sme systematic, and traditin, which allws t be understd by the majrity.
More informationYELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK
YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK MONITORING PLAN FOR YELLOWSTONE BISON Prepared by: P. J. White, Chief, Wildlife and Aquatic Resurces Jhn Treanr, Yellwstne Wildlife Health Prgram Rick Wallen, Bisn Eclgy and Management
More informationPrepared By: Lisa McAvoy 31/Oct/17 dd/mmm/yy. Approved By: Veronica Harris-McAllister 17/Nov/17 dd/mmm/yy
Rutine Precautins SOP-RP-01 Standard Operating Prcedure Rutine Precautins SOP Number: SOP-RP-01 Categry: Lab Prcess Supersedes: N/A Effective Date: December 1, 2017 Pages 5 Subject: Rutine Precautins Prepared
More informationOAVT Newsletter Dedicated to promoting Veterinary Technicians and quality animal healthcare through: Education, Legislation and High Ethical Standards
OAVT Newsletter Dedicated t prmting Veterinary Technicians and quality animal healthcare thrugh: Educatin, Legislatin and High Ethical Standards http://www.hirvt.rg Spring 2015 President s Crner Spring
More informationSafe Work Method Statement. Mouse Blood Collection
Flinders University Safe Wrk Methd Statement Muse Bld Cllectin Versin 6 Cllege f Medicine and Public Health Animal Facility SWMS Number RA Number RA Scre Cntents The SOP Muse Bld Cllectin cntains the fllwing
More information(1947) made a similar study of the English Blackbird (Turdus m.
MARKED DISPERSAL AND FLOCKING OF YOUNG ROBINS (TURDUS M. MIGRATORIUS) AFTER FLEDGING By DAVID H. HIRTH, ALBERT E. HESTER, and FREDERICK GREEI. EY a INTRODUCTION The phenmenn f Ortstreu (rientatin t the
More informationMarch to mid May: Mid May to late June:
As lake dwellers, wildlife in many forms will always be part of our ecological system. We will always have geese, beavers, otters and muskrats as well as squirrels and woodpeckers. Geese and woodpeckers
More informationThe epidemiology of rabies in Zimbabwe. 1. Rabies in dogs {Canis familiaris}
Ondersteprt Jurnal f Veterinary Research, 66: 1-1 (1999) The epidemilgy f rabies in Zimbabwe. 1. Rabies in dgs {Canis familiaris} J. BINGHAM1*, C.M. FOGGIN1, A.1. WANDELER2 and F.W.G. HILL3 ABSTRACT BINGHAM
More informationP. J. Hansen and E. R. Hauser. University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706
GENOTYPE ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTIONS ON REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS OF BOVINE FEMALES. II1. SEASONAL VARIATION IN POSTPARTUM REPRODUCTION AS INFLUENCED BY GENOTYPE, SUCKLING AND DIETARY REGIMEN 1'2'3 P. J. Hansen
More informationLouIs LESAGE AND GILLES GAUTHIER 1
The Auk 114(2):229-241, 1997 GROWTH AND ORGAN DEVELOPMENT IN GREATER SNOW GOOSE GOSLINGS LuIs LESAGE AND GILLES GAUTHIER 1 Ddpartement de bilgie and Centre d'dtudes nrdiques, Universitd Laval, Sainte-Fy,
More informationREPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND PROFITABILITY OF HEIFERS FED TO WEIGH 272 OR 318 KG AT THE START OF THE FIRST BREEDING SEASON
REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND PROFITABILITY OF HEIFERS FED TO WEIGH 272 OR 318 KG AT THE START OF THE FIRST BREEDING SEASON J. N. Wiltbank 1, S. Rberts 2, J. Nix 3 and L. Rwden 4 Texas A&M University, Beeville
More informationDefini:ons of Plagiarism
Strategies fr Aviding Plagiarism: Paraphrasing and Summarizing Heather McWhinney, 2017 This wrk is licensed under a Creative Cmmns Attributin-NnCmmercial- ShareAlike 4.0 Internatinal License. Defini:ns
More informationWhy talk about this now?
Why talk abut this nw? Imprved animal safety means: Reduced stress n cattle Imprved grwth rates Imprved reprductive perfrmance Better able t fight disease Imprved chute safety means: Faster t get the jb
More informationVolunteer Application
SILOAM SPRINGS ANIMAL SERVICES Vlunteer Applicatin Silam Springs Animal Services 1300 East Ashley Silam Springs, AR 72761 (479) 524-6535 Our gals are t: Prevent cruelty t animals Teach respnsible pet care
More informationKey Messages & RDE Priorities
AWI Breech Strike R&D Technical Update Maritime Museum, Sydney 20 th August 2014 Geff Lindn Prgram Manager Prductivity and Animal Welfare AWI Key Messages & RDE Pririties Key Messages Breech Strike Preventin
More informationOecologia. Reproductive responses to varying food supply in a population of Darwin's finches: Clutch size, growth rates and hatching synchrony
Oeclgia (Berlin) (1985) 66:411~416 Oeclgia 9 Springer-Verlag 1985 Reprductive respnses t varying fd supply in a ppulatin f Darwin's finches: Clutch size, grwth rates and hatching synchrny Trevr Price Divisin
More informationYolo County Animal Services Governance Study
Attachment 4 Yl Cunty Animal Services Gvernance Study Staffing, Prgramming, and Budget Prjectins t Cnsider a New Mdel fr the Prvisin f Animal Services Public Review Draft (with changes nted) September
More information4-H Livestock Quality Assurance Program
Survey # 4-H Livestck Quality Assurance Prgram We wuld like t ask yu sme questins abut yur experience in the 4-H prgram. This infrmatin will help us make sure future prgrams are really gd. This will take
More informationCOLLEGE OF VETERINARIANS OF BC (CVBC) Application for Registration
Applicatin fr Registratin The prcess f registratin with the CVBC is gverned by the Bylaws, Part 2 Registratin. Under s. 2.3 (1), General rules and criteria, an applicant seeking registratin in a class
More informationNot to be cited without prior reference to the authors. Charles W. West and John R. Wallace
Nt t be cited withut prir reference t the authrs ICES Annual Science Cnference Bruges, Belgium, 27-30 September 2000 Incrpratin f External Factrs in Marine Resurce Surveys ICES CM 2OOO/K:37 Measurements
More informationAdherence to Prescription Format and Compliance with Who Core Prescribing Indicators
Adherence t Prescriptin Frmat and Cmpliance with Wh Cre Prescribing Indicatrs H.S. Babar, S. Hussain, Z. Maqsd, H.A. Dad, M. Khan, A.A. Rahman, A. Bukhsh Institute f Pharmaceutical Sciences, University
More informationTRANSMISSIBLE ENCEPHALOPATHIES OF ANIMALS WITH REFERENCE TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND TRADE IN THE MIDDLE EAST
TRANSMISSIBLE ENCEPHALOPATHIES OF ANIMALS WITH REFERENCE TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND TRADE IN THE MIDDLE EAST Part II Pavls Ecnmides Member f the OIE Wrking Grup n Fd Safety 35 Aesp St. Aglandjia, Nicsia 2113,
More informationAnimal ID Entry 4HOnline HelpSheet
Lg in t 4HOnline: Open a web brwser and type in: https://iwa.4hnline.cm On the Iwa 4-H Yuth Develpment Lg In page: 1. Click "I have a Prfile." 2. Enter family email address prvided t Extensin Office. 3.
More informationAustin, TX. Getting to No Kill. from the perspective of Austin Pets Alive! Ellen Jefferson, DVM Executive Director Austin Pets Alive!
Getting t N-Kill: Different Cmmunities, Different Mdels Austin, Texas Dr. Ellen Jeffersn Austin, TX Getting t N Kill frm the perspective f Austin Pets Alive! Ellen Jeffersn, DVM Executive Directr Austin
More informationIELTS SPEAKING: SAMPLE ANSWERS Part 2 & 3
IELTS SPEKING: SMPLE NSWERS Part 2 & 3 (Individual lng turn & tw-way discussin) Q 11. Describe yur favrite animal. Yu shuld say, What kind f animal it is Brief descriptin f it Why yu like the animal My
More informationPET FOOD DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM
PET FOOD DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM MISSION The gal f this prgram is t stp the surrender f pets due t the wner s financial inability t prvide care. We particularly want t help lw-incme senirs, the disabled,
More informationROOSTING HABITAT OF MERRIAM'S TURKEYS IN THE BLACK HILLS, SOUTH DAKOTA
This file was created by scanning the printed publicatin. Errrs identified by the sftware have been crrected; hwever, sme errrs may remain. ROOSTING HABITAT OF MERRIAM'S TURKEYS IN THE BLACK HILLS, SOUTH
More informationAntimicrobial Stewardship Team - Pilot Proposal
Antimicrbial Stewardship Team - Pilt Prpsal Summary In 2005, the adult ppulatin in the XXX Hspital accunted fr 80% f the anti-infective budget. Fifteen f the tp 20 anti-infective budget items were ID restricted
More informationRIO GRANDE TURKEY DIETS IN BRUSHLANDS OF NORTH-CENTRAL TEXAS ALAN KENT MONTEI, B.S. A THESIS IN RANGE SCIENGE
RIO GRANDE TURKEY DIETS IN BRUSLANDS OF NORT-CENTRAL TEXAS ALAN KENT MONTEI, B.S. A TESIS IN RANGE SCIENGE Submitted t the Graduate Faculty f Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment f the Requirerents
More informationHABITAT AND SPATIAL RELATIONSHIPS OF BLACK BEARS IN BOREAL MIXEDWOOD FOREST OF ALBERTA
HABITAT AND SPATIAL RELATIONSHIPS OF BLACK BEARS IN BOREAL MIXEDWOOD FOREST OF ALBERTA BRIAN. PELCHAT,1 Department f Wildlife Eclgy, University f Wiscnsin, Madisn, WI 5376 ROBERT L. RUFF, Department f
More informationUnderstanding Puppy Nipping Physical exercise Puppy playtime Human playtime Chew deterrents Shunning/Freezing/Yelping Techniques
Understanding Puppy Nipping Physical exercise Puppy playtime Human playtime Chew deterrents Shunning/Freezing/Yelping Techniques DEFINITIONS Nipping - really quick bites with frnt teeth with a small amunt
More informationNeonatal Phase (1-2 weeks)
Puppy Develpment: Enrichment and Scializatin Often we hear the key wrds enrichment and scializatin, but what d they actually mean? Hw d we enrich and scialize ur puppies? Are there crrect and incrrect
More informationNest habitat selection by grassland birds : the role of vegetation structure and floristics
University f Mntana SchlarWrks at University f Mntana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertatins, & Prfessinal Papers Graduate Schl 1999 Nest habitat selectin by grassland birds : the rle f vegetatin structure
More information